福建省福州市六校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题（原卷版）

20232024学年第一学期高二年段期末六校联考英语试卷(满分：150分，完卷时间：120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisthebestpartofMike’shomework?A.Thegrammar.B.ThestoryC.Thehandwriting.2.Whoprobablypickedthewoman’speaches?A.Herson.B.Theman.C.Herneighbor.3.WhydoesJimrefusetogocamping?A.Hehasaprojecttofinish.B.HepreferstostayathomeC.Heneedstopreparepotatoes.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Doctorandnurse.C.Receptionistandpatient.5.Whatdidthewomandotoday?A.Shewentshopping.B.Shetookabushome.C.Shehadheryogaclass.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thebusstation.B.Thecitycenter.C.TheCityBank.7.Howwillthewomangettoherfinaldestination?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bytrain.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnthephoneB.InthebankC.Atthehospital9.Whomightbethewoman?A.ApoliceofficerB.Acheat.C.Anurse10.Whichofthefollowingmightbetrue?A.Therewasacaraccidentinthemorning.B.Themandidn’thavecashwithhim.C.Thewomancalledawrongnumber.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Anewmovie.B.Afamousactor.C.Atreasurehuntadventure.12.Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Thevisualeffect.B.Theplot.C.Thecast.13.Whydoesthemandecidetoseethemovie?A.BecauseofTomJohnson.B.Becauseofthewoman.C.BecauseofMichaelWilson.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatdidthewomanthinklackedfreshness?A.Thefish.B.Therolls.C.Themisosoup.15.Whatwastheproblemwiththetofusushi?A.Itwasnotfresh.B.Ittastedlikewater.C.Ithadaweirdtaste.16.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodolater?A.Gobacktothepany.B.Gototheirusualsushiplace.C.Havesomedesserttomakeup:听下面一段独白，回答以下小题17.WherecanyoubuyticketsforUniversalStudiosBeijing?A.Fromadiningoutlet.B.Fromtheofficialwebsite.C.FromtheFastPasssystems.18.WhatisnecessaryforyoutobringifyouvisitUniversalStudios?A.Apairofsneakers.B.SunglassesC.Thepark’sregulations19.Whatisforbiddeninthepark?A.Outsidedrinks.B.SmokingC.Snacks.20.Whatcanhelpsavesometimeinqueues?A.Buyingticketsonline.B.Wearingappropriatefootwear.C.Makinguseoffastpasses.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.WhattoExpectThehostwillprovideacmodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.MealPlansAvailable*ContinentalBreakfast*BreakfastandDinner*Breakfast,PackedLunchandDinnerIt'simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouracmodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal,breadandteaorcoffee.Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormallypartofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.Dinnerusuallyconsistsofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydessert,fruitandcoffee.FriendsIfyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit,youmustfirstaskyourhost'spermission.Youhavenorighttoentertainfriendsinafamilyhomeassomefamiliesfeelitisaninvasionoftheirprivacy.SelfcateringAcmodationinPrivateHomesAcmodationonaroomonlybasisincludesasharedkitchenandbathroomfacilitiesandoftenamainlivingroom.Thiskindofacmodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitableforthelongstaystudent.However,itdoesnotprovidethesamefamilyatmosphereasanordinaryhomestayandmaynotbenefitthosewhoneedtopractiseEnglishathomequiteasmuch.1.Whichofthefollowingwillbeprovidedbythehost?ARoomcleaning. B.Medicalcare.C.Physicaltraining. D.Freeacmodation.2.WhatdoesContinentalBreakfastinclude?A.Cheeseandcoldmeat. B.Fruitandcoffee.C.Fruitjuiceandbread. D.Dessertandtea.3.What'stheadvantageofselfcateringacmodationforstudents?A.TopracticeEnglish. B.Tobeindependent.C.Tomakemorefriends. D.Toenjoywarmfamilyatmosphere.BFreshfishshouldhaveamildsmell.Strongfishysmellsarethefirstsignstogobad.Howdothefishysmellsefrom?Itcanbeseveraldaysfromwhenthefisharecaughttowhentheyreachthesupermarket.Inthattime,bacteriathatgrownaturallyinfishstarttoconsumeasubstancecalledtrimethylamineNoxide(TMAO)infish.ThesebacteriachangeTMAOintotrimethylamine(TMA),thesubstanceresponsibleforthefishysmells.Bacteriainfishcanalsochangelysine(赖氨酸)intocadaverine(尸胺),asubstancethat’sassociatedwithbreakingdownthefishoncetheyarecaughtandgivingofffishysmell.Chemicalreactionscanalsoleadtofishysmells.Thishappensthroughtheoxidation(氧化)offat.Fishareanimportantsourceofomega3fattyacids.Whenthesefatsareexposedtooxygen,theyoxidizeandbreakdownintothesubstancethatyoucansmell.Toslowdownthefishysmell,whatisbeyondquestionisthatthelesstimebetweenwhenthefisharecaughtandwhentheyreachthekitchen,thebetter.Buttoday,fishareoftenflownacrosstheglobe.Tokeepsmellproducingbacteriaatbay,thefishmustbefrozenorkeptatthelowtemperaturepossibleassoonastheyarecaughtandcleaned.Controllingfatoxidationcanfunctionaswell,especiallyforfattierfishspecies.Whilefreezingslowsbacterialgrowth,itdoesnotstopfatoxidation.Thisreactionwilloccuraslongasoxygenispresent.Fattyfishareusuallynotfrozenbecause,despitethecoldtemperature,they’regoingtooxidizeprettyfastunlesstheyarestoredinalowoxygencontainer.That’swhythosespeciesareoftencanned.It’salsoimportanttorememberthatsmellisnotalwaysanindicatorofsafety,especiallyinprocessedfishproducts.“Whatyoumightconsiderthefishysmellmaybeadelicacyinanotherculture,”saidCarlA.Batt,aprofessoroffoodscienceatCornellUniversity.4.Whichofthefollowinghasthefishysmell?A.Fishfat. B.TMAO. C.Cadaverine. D.Lysine.5.Whatisthebestwaytoreducethefishysmelloffatfishspecies?A.Dryingthemintheair. B.Storingtheminclosedcontainers.C.Carefullycleaningthem. D.Exposingthemtorichoxygen.6.WhatisCarlA.Batt’sattitudetothefishysmell?A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Acceptable.D.Unclear.7.Howisthetextorganized?ATopic—Example—Conclusion. B.Topic—parison—Opinion.C.Question——Cause——Solution. D.Question—Effect—Opinion.CBangladesh'sfloatinggardens,builttogrowfoodduringfloodseasons,couldofferacontinuoussolutionforpartsoftheworldwhicharelikelytosufferfromfloodingbecauseofclimatechange,anewstudyhasfound.Bangladesh'sfloatinggardensbeganhundredsofyearsago.Thegardensaremadefromnativeplantsthatfloatintheriversandoperatealmostlikerafts(筏),risingandfillingwiththewaters.Historically,theywereusedtocontinuegrowingfoodduringrainyseasonswhenriverswerefilledwithwater.Thefarmerslayertheplantsaboutthreefeetdeep,creatingaversionofraisedbedgardensthatfloatinthewater.Then,theyplantvegetablesinsidethoserafts.Astheraftplantsrotaway,theyreleasenutrients,whichhelpfeedthevegetableplants.Butasclimatechangeaffectedthevolumeofwaterinthoserivers,theresearcherswantedtounderstandwhetherBangladesh'sfloatinggardenscouldbeacontinuousfarmingpractice.Theyinterviewedfarmingfamiliesandfoundstrongevidencethatfloatinggardensprovidestability,bothintheamountoffoodavailabletofeedruralpopulationsandinafarmingfamily'sine.Theyfoundthatfarmerstypicallyusehybrid(杂交)seeds,whichmustberepurchasedeachyear,togrowadiverserangeofvegetablesinthefloatinggardens.Thegardensarealsosensitivetopests,sofarmersendupspendingsomemoneyonbothpesticidesandfertilizers.Butevenwiththoseexpenses,theyfound,benefitsoutweighedcosts.Onefarmertoldtheresearchteamthatheearnsuptofourtimesasmuchmoneyfromthegardensasfromtraditionalricefields.However,beforegainingprofits,farmersoftentakeouthighinterestloans(贷款)tocovertheinvestmentcostsoffillingthebedsandstockingthemwithplants.Luckily;therearealsolowerinterestloansfromresponsiblegovernmentornongovernmentalorganizations,whichcouldeasethatburden.8.Howdovegetableplantsgrowaccordingtothetext?A.Byabsorbingnutritionfromraftplants. B.Bytakingshelterfromclimatechange.C.Bylivingtogetherwithhybridseeds. D.Bymovingupanddownwithraisedbeds.9.Whatmightbeareplyfromfarmingfamiliesinterviewed?A.“Ourlifebeestoughwhenriversflood.” B.“Fewervegetablesareplantedwhenwaterrises.”C.“Weharvestmuchmorefoodduringrainyseasons.” D.“Climatechangehaslittleinfluenceonourine.”10Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outweighed”inparagraph5mean?A.Affected. B.Brought. C.Beat. D.Equaled.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Asolutiontoclimateproblemhasbeenfound. B.Thegardensarebuiltwithrottednativeplants.CFarmersearnmorefromtraditionalricefields. D.Lowinterestloanslightenthestressoffarmers.DFromrollinghillstomountainranges,viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable,butforblindpassengersthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorpanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature’sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype(原型)ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutsidefacingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton,thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.Thecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythrough,LEDlights,whichvibrates(震动)differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage,itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsoeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey’reseeing.“Astheprototypestartedtakingshape,werealizedweweregivingbirthtoapletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling,”FedericoRusso.onedirectorofGTBRoma,said.“Whentheideawasatitsfirststage,welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitetolife.”Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars.“Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstituationsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways.”ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It’sknownthatthepanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It’sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However,theideaofbuildingsomethingforthelessadvancedisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.12.Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork?A.Bysortingshakingmovements. B.Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C.Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations. D.Bypresentingdifferentshadesofcolors.13.WhatcanweknowaboutthetechnologyaccordingtoFedericoRussø?A.Itwillhavewideapplication. B.Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.C.Itwillbetestedaroundtheworld. D.Itwillunderstanddifferentlanguages.14.WhatdifficultyisFordfacingcurrently?A.Howtoexploretheirfuturebusinessmodel.B.Howthetechnologyisappliedtoeverydaylife.C.Howtoproduceautonomouscarsinlargenumbers.D.Howanautonomousvehicleprovidesrouteinformation.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AIbasedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTripsB.FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDriveC.SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViewsD.TechnologyMakesBlindPeople’sTripEnjoyable第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Weeatinourcars,atourdesks,onthego,andinfrontoftheTV.Weeattake­out,packagedandpreparedmeals.Why?Becauseitfitsournot­enough­time­in­the­daylifestyles.____16____Well,I’mcertainlynotthefirstonetothinkitorsayit,butweallneedtoslowdown.Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatgroceriesandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore.It’spredictedthatwe’llspendmoreatrestaurantsintheingyears.____17____However,we’regettinglesshealthy.Whiledebatescanbeseenindifferentmediaoverthefoodindustry’scontributiontoourgrowingwaistlinesandourhealthproblems,thebottomlineisthis：____18____Wecanchoosetoeatafast­foodlunchonthego.Wecanthrowafrozenmealinthemicrowaveandcallitdinner.Wecaneatwithoutthinking,infrontofthetube,atourputers,andwhiledrivingacar.____19____Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids’mentalandphysicalwell­being.Eatingsensiblydoesn’ttakemuchtimeormoney,butitdoesrequireyoutomakeaconsciousdecisiontodoso.Wrappedupinendlesswork,appointmentsandsocialactivities,weoftenfailtoenjoyarelaxingmealwithourfamilies.Whileitcanbeachallengetoalwaysputhealthyeatingfirst,justdoyourbest.Rememberthatthefoodyoueathasamoresignificanteffectonyourhealth,weightandwell­beingthanalmostanyotheractivitiesyoudo.____20____Everymealmadeathome—evenjustonceortwiceaweek—isastepclosertoahealthierbodyandaslowereatingstyle.A.Lunchisthebiggestcalorieintakewhenitestoeatingout.B.Treatitwiththeimportancethatitdeservesbutstartsmall.C.Ourfoodmatchesourlives.D.Purchasefoodlocallyandskipasmanypackageditemsasyoucan.E.Whatweeat,whereweeatandhowweeatareallunderourcontrol.F.We’reconsuminganincreasingnumberofcalories.G.Wecandevoteanhourofthedaytoenjoyingamealwithourfamilies.第三部分语言运用(共两节;满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IstillrememberhowmyparentstriedtocheermeupatLoganAirport8yearsagowhenIwastearingupwhilewaitinginline.Iwas___21___myyearabroadinFinland,pretendingtobebravewhileactuallyfeeling___22___.WhatIdidn’t___23___whenIdecidedtogoabroadwasthatIwouldmeetpeoplewhowould___24___thewayIthoughtaboutlifeandtheworld.I___25___didn’texpecttostillbelearning,___26___andchangingasmuchasIam8yearslaterbecauseofthatexperience.Thebiggestwaybeinganexchangestudent___27___mylifewasthroughthepeopleImet.IneverwouldhaveeintocontactwiththesefriendsfromFinlandandaroundtheworld___28___,andI’mstillintouchwiththemnow.Spendingtimewiththemhelpedchangemy___29___greatlyandhelpedmemakesomebigdecisionsthatledmetoapointwhereIam___30___acareerthatI’mpassionateabout,improvingmyqualityoflifeand___31___consideringabigmove!ThroughoutmytravelsIwascontinuously___32___athowthepeopleIwastravelingwithwerethoseImet8yearsago.Itfeelslikewe’veneverbeenapart.The___33___havewithstood(经受住)8yearsandcountlessmiles,andwillcontinuetolast.Beinganexchangestudentchangedmylife.The___34___IhadandthebondsIformedwhilelivingfarawayfrom___35___andbeyondmyfortzoneinaforeigncountryreallyshapedmeforthebetter.21.A.returningfrom B.stoppingat C.leavingfor D.arrivingat22.A.calm B.frightened C.angry D.excited23.A.avoid B.believe C.prefer D.expect24.A.change B.develop C.follow D.favor25.A.hardly B.frequently C.definitely D.surprisingly26.A.peting B.growing C.playing D.wandering27.A.saved B.wasted C.impacted D.ruined28.A.anyway B.instead C.then D.otherwise29.A.perspective B.lifestyle C.character D.appearance30.A.imagining B.quitting C.ending D.pursuing31.A.just B.still C.seldom D.even32.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.shocked D.puzzled33.A.friendships B.conversations C.promises D.secrets34.A.dreams B.pressures C.experiences D.problems35.A.ordinariness B.familiarity C.loneliness D.anxiety第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Forthousandsofyears,theChinese___36___(use)acupuncture(针灸)toeasepainandtreatillnesses.Evolvingfromthediscovery___37___usingstoneneedlesonspecificpointsonthesurfaceofthebodycouldgetridofpainanddisease,acupuncturehasbeean___38___(essence)partoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM),inlinewiththephilosophythatpromotestheharmoniouscoexistenceofhumanswithnature.As___39___(document)inRecordsoftheGrandHistorianbySimaQianabout2,100yearsago,BianQue,___40___highlyskilledphysicianduringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475221BC),wasfamousforhavinghelpedaprinceto“wakeup”afteranaccidentbyusingneedlestostimulatetheBaihuiacupoint(百会穴)ontheprince’shead.AccordingtoTCM,thereareadozenmeridians(经络)inthehumanbody,___41___theqi,orlifeenergy,movesabouttohelpkeeptheorganshealthy.Cold,infectionsordiseasescanresult___42___theblockingofthisenergy,so___43___(stimulate)theacupointscanunblockthe“stuck”qi,restorenormalbloodflowandimprovehealth.In2010,UNESCO___44___(include)acupunctureandmoxibustion(灸法)ofTCMontheRepresentativeListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Yet,thepracticeisnotjustculturalandhistorical—it’samedicaltechnique____45____(wide)usedandresearchedtoday.第四部分课内知识(共两节，满分15分)第一节(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分)根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的词或词块，使之意思一致。A.substantialB.attainC.faults