Unit 6 Section A Starting out 与 Understanding ideas 基础练 高中英语新外研版必修第三册（2020-2021学年）

2020.2021学年高一英语十分钟同步课堂专练(外研版2019必修第三册)

Unit6Disasterandhope

SectionAStartingout&Understandingideas

(基础练)

I.单句填空

l.Itneveroccurredtotheathletestheywoulddiebecauseoftheextremeweather.

【答案】that

2.When(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn'tseemhighat

all.

【答案】compared

3.Localresidentshave(react)activelytotheorderofthegovernment.

【答案】reacted

4.Heknewthathecouldturntohisparentstodealthesituation.

【答案】with

5.Jackisvery(rely)—ifhepromisestodosomething,hewilldoit.

【答案】reliable

6.Herfamilywas(extreme)poorandallshehadwasonepairofoldshoes.

【答案】extremely

7.Alargenumberofsoldiersweresentthere(rescue)thosetrappedinthebuildingsafterthe

earthquake.

【答案】torescue

8.Thenewsshockedthepublic,(lead)togreatconcernaboutfoodsafety.

【答案】leading

9.1tistypicalhimtothinkabouthelpingothersintrouble.

【答案】of

10.ltis(expect)thatChina'seconomyistogrowsteadilyafterthepandemic.

【答案】expected

H.短语填空

pickup,lookthrough,reactto,dealwith,makeit,dueto,what'smore

1.1haveallmyfiles,butIstillcan'tfindmynotes.

【答案】lookedthrough

2.Myteacherbegantoafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.

【答案】pickup

3.ProfessorLiisgoingtodeliveraspeechabouthowtointerpersonal

relationship.

【答案】dealwith

4.,inordertolearnTangpoetrywell,you'dbettergetsomeinformationabout

TangDynastybeforeclass.

【答案】What'smore

5.Childrentendtotheirparentsactivelywhenencouragedorpraised.

【答案】reactto

6.Thebuswasarriveat5pm,butitarrivedonehourlatebecauseoftheheavyfbg.

【答案】dueto

III阅读理解

Oilisessentialformodernlife.About64percentoftheworld'soilislocatedintheMiddleEast,butthe

heaviestconsumersofoilareEurope,America,andJapan.Theproblemliesingettingtheoilfromthe

countriesthatproduceittothecountriesthatconsumeit.Thisismainlydoneusingoiltankers.Usuallythe

oilisshippedsafelyandwithnoproblems,butoccasionallythereisadisaster.

Everyyearmillionsoftonsofoilarespilledintotheocean.Althoughthisisonlyasmallpercentageof

thetotalamountshippedaroundtheworldeachyear,thisspilledoilcanhaveterribleeffectsonoceanlife,

includingthecoastlineswheretheoilwashesupontoshore.

OneoftheworstoilspillsinhistoryoccurredalongtheAlaskancoastlinein1989,whentheExxon

ValdeztankerranagroundoffthecoastofAlaska,spilling42millionlitersofoil.Althoughitwasn'tthe

largestoilspill,thedisasterwasterriblebecauseitoccurredinsuchasensitivenaturalarea.Inthisspill,the

tanker'scaptain,whowastiredfromoverworkanddrinkingalcohol,hadgonetotakearest.Hegave

controloftheshiptoanothersailor,whowasunfamiliarwiththeroute.TheshipranontoBlighReef.

Damagedbythereef,theshipleakedoiloutintotheocean.Morethan1,600kilometersofcoastlinewere

affectedbytheoilspill.Manybirdsandottersdiedasaresultoftheoilcoveringtheirskin,andmanyother

seacreaturesandtheanimalsthatfedonthemwerealsoseverelyaffected.

(1)WhichcountryisNOTamongthelargestconsumersofoil?

A.Japan

B.Iraq

C.America

D.Germany

(2)Whatdoestheunderlined“them”referto?

A.Thebirds.

B.Theotters.

C.Theseacreatures.

D.Thebirdsandtheotters.

(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A.TheoilleakofAlaskaisbecausethecaptainwasunfamiliarwiththeroute.

B.Manybirdsandottersdiedfromeatingthespilledoil.

C.Alaskaspillwasthemostseriousspillofalltime.

0.Althoughsomeoilleakisnotserious,itwillaffectoceanlife.

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一次严重的油船漏油事件。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第-一段可知，最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家，美国和日本。Iraq“伊拉克”不

属于其中之一，故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。

故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，A选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息了，另一个

水手不熟悉路线而造成的。B选项不是死于吃油，而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。C选项Alaska漏油事

件并非史上最严重的。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确学

握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

IV七选五

阅读下面材料在空白处填上适当内容

InthelateApril2014,aviolentstormsweptthroughthesouthernUniteStates,(destroy)

morethan$1billioninpropertyandkilling35people.ButagroupofmigratorybirdsineasternTennessee

sensedtheoncomingmessandleftlongbeforethefirstcloudsarrived.Ayearearlier,theteamhadtagged

golden-wingedwarblers(莺)withlegtrackers(study)theirannualmigrationstoSouthAmerica.

Twodaysbeforethestorms(strike),fivegolden-wingedwarblerssippedawaytravelingnearly

700kilometerssouthtotheFloridacoast.

Itisthefirsttimethatthebirdswhichnormallymigratewiththeseasons(observe)toslip

awaywhenabigstormhits.Theresearcherssuspectthis(behave)occursonlywhenthethreatof

injuryoutweighstheenergycostsofalongtrip.Butnobodyknowsthebirdsguessedthestorm's

severityandleftsosoon.(Puzzle)byit,thescientistsinitiallyreasonedthatdelicatechangesin

weather-atmosphericpressure,temperature,windspeed,cloudcover,orrainfallsignaledtheupcoming

disaster.Yetwhentheycheckedweatherrecords,noneofthesefactorswaved(significant)

beforethestorm.Instead,theteamassumesthattheapproachingstormscreateddisorderof

infrasounds-low-frequencysoundwavesthatbirdcanhearhumanscan't.

【答案】destroying；tostudy；struck；havebeenobserved；behavior；how；Puzzled；significantly；

a；but/while

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，一次风暴造成了巨大的损失，但是一群鸟却在风暴来临之前就飞走了。

研究人员通过研究发现即将来临的风暴造成/次声波、低频声波的紊乱，鸟类可以听到这些异常避

免遭受灾难。

(1)句意：在2014年4月后期，一场暴风雨席卷了美国南部各州，毁坏了超过10亿美元的财产，

杀死了35个人，此处表示的是自然的结果，故应用现在分词作结果状语。填destroying。

(2)句意：一年前，团队给金翅莺贴上了标签，用腿部追踪器，研究它们一年一度的南美迁徙。

此处应用不定式作目的状语，表示该小组用腿部追踪器标记金翼莺的目的是研究它们每年向南美洲

迁徙的情况。故填tostudy。

(3)第一段主要介绍的是2014年发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填struck。

(4)本句是“Ifsthefirsttimethat+从句”句式，故从句应用现在完成时，且thebirds和observe之间

是动宾关系。所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态havebeendone。注意从句中的“whichnormally

migratewiththeseasons”是which引导的定语从句，修饰birdso故填havebeenobservedo

(5)this后应用名词形式，且由空后的第三人称单数形式occurs可知应填单数形式，故填behavioro

(6)句意：没有人知道这些鸟是怎么知道风暴的严重性的。空处引导的是宾语从句，且空处在从

句中作方式状语，故用how来引导。故填how。

(7)分析句子及空后的by可知，puzzle与逻辑主语thescientists是动宾关系。应用过去分词作状

语。故填Puzzledo

(8)修饰动词waved应用副词形式。故填significantly0

(9)分析句子可知，此处泛指“一种紊乱”，故应用不定冠词，且disorder是一辅音音素开头的单词，

所以用a。故填a。

(10)句意：鸟能听见这种声音，而人类听不见，前后文是转折关系，故应用but/while表示转折，

故填but/whileo

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，名词，宾语从句，副词，冠词以及连词等多个知识点的

考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并

结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

IV七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

AcrossAsiamanypeoplehavejustwitnessedthenaturalwonderthatisatotalsolareclipse.

Thisweek'stotaleclipsecouldbeseenineasternIndiabeforeslowlymovingacrossBurma,

Bangladesh,Bhutan,China,Japan,andthePacificOcean.Yesterday,whenitreachedeasternChina,

peopleflocked(聚集)intothestreetstowitnesstheastronomicalwonder.

Asdaylightdisappearedandtheskyquicklydarkened.CitiessuchasShanghaiwere

plungedinto(陷入)darknessduringwhatisthoughttobethelongesttotaleclipseofthe21stcentury.It

lasted6minutesand39seconds.

Totalsolareclipsesofsuchalongdurationareveryrareevents.ShaoZhenyi,an

astronomerattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatoryinChinaexplained:"Wellhavetowaitafew

hundredyearsfbranotheropportunitytoobserveasolareclipsethatlaststhislong?soitsaveryspecial

opportunity."

Butwhilemillionscelebratethisphenomenon,itshouldberememberedthattotaleclipseshavenot

alwaysbeensuchtreasuredevents.Manyculturestraditionallybelievedthatatotaleclipsewasabadomen

（凶兆）orasupernaturalevent.Othersbelievedthattheeclipsesignifiedoncomingdisasters.

Nowadaysitappearsthatthesefearsandsuperstitions（迷信）arelongforgotten.Asdaylightonceagain

floodedAsiancitiessuchasShanghai,whoopsandcheerscouldbeheardamongthegatheredcrowds.

Reflectingonwhathadjusthappened,oneShanghairesidentdescribedtheeclipseas"eerie”（怪诞的，

奇异的），whileanothersaid"It'slikemagic,thedayturnsintonightinsuchashortperiodoftime.Ihave

noideawhereIamrightnow."

A.Itfeelslikeadifferentworld.

B.Theyhappenbutonceinalifetime.

C.Thosewatchingwereleftfarfromdisappointed.

D.SomebelievedthatevilgodswereeatingtheSun.

E.Peoplewerefrightenedbythesuddendarkness.

F.Somepeoplethoughtitwasanaturalwonder.

G.AtotalsolareclipseoccurswhentheSun,MoonandEarthlineupinsuchawaythatourviewofthe

SunistotallyhiddenbytheMoon.

【答案】G；C；B；D；A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了此次21世纪最长日全食的情况，整个日全食过程持续了6分

39秒。如此长时间的II全食是非常罕见的事件，想要再次看到可能还得等上几百年。还介绍了历史

上人们对于日全食的不同看法。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“AcrossAsiamanypeoplehavejustwitnessedthe

naturalwonderthatisatotalsolareclipse.”亚洲各地的许多人刚刚目睹了日全食这一自然奇观。可知，

上文提到了日全食的景象，本句应当是说明这--现象发生的原因。G.Atotalsolareclipseoccurswhen

theSun,MoonandEarthlineupinsuchawaythatourviewoftheSunistotallyhiddenbytheMoon.”当

太阳、月球和地球排成一条直线时，我们看到的太阳完全被月球遮住J',日全食就发生了''符合语境，

故选G。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“CitiessuchasShanghaiwereplungedinto（陷

A）darknessduringwhatisthoughttobethelongesttotaleclipseofthe21stcentury.Itlasted6minutes

and39seconds.”在这场被认为是21世纪持续时间最长的口全食中，上海等城市陷入了黑暗之中。整

个过程持续了6分39秒。可知，这次日全食是21世纪持续时间最长的，所以那些观看日全食的人

不会失望。C.Thosewatchingwereleftfarfromdisappointed.“那些观看的人远远没有失望”符合语境，

故选C。

(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ShaoZhenyi,anastronomerattheShanghai

AstronomicalObservatoryi