江苏省镇江市镇江十校联考2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

2023—2024学年高一下学期期中学情调查英语试题第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatgiftwillthewomanprobablygetforMary?A.Aschoolbag.B.ACD.C.Amovieticket.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Enjoyingaparty.C.Lookingforhisclothes.3.Whatdoesthemanmainlydoinhissparetime?A.Heplayssports.B.Heplaysthepiano.C.Helearnsalanguage.4.Whichflavoristhemostpopular?A.Strawberry.B.Chocolate.C.Lemon.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Amovietheyjustsaw.B.Afavoriteactor.C.Weekendplans.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Formerclassmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Oldteammates.7.Whatisthewomanmoreinterestedinnow?A.Playingtennis.B.Playingthepiano.C.Playingbasketball.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题8.Whatcausedthewoman’sproblem?A.She’sbeenstudyinglateintothenight.B.Shefeelsnervousaboutherclasses.C.Shecannotsleepatnight.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Getmorefreshair.C.Getmoresleep.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whendidthelibraryopen?A.Lastweek.B.Yesterday.C.Thedaybeforeyesterday.11.WhatisTUREaboutthelibrary?A.It’stall.B.It’sverymodern.C.Thecomputerlabisonthesecondfloor.12.Whydidn’tthemansignupforalibrarycard?A.Hedidn’thaveenoughmoney.B.Hedidn’ttakehisstudentcard.C.Thelibrarywasfarawayfromhishome.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whattimeshouldthebushavecome?A.At8:00.B.At8:15.C.At9:15.14.Whatdidthewomandointhelibrary?A.Shefinishedherschoolproject.B.Sheborrowedabookonkingsandqueens.C.Shesearchedforsomebooksbutgotnothing.15.Wherewasthewomanat3:00p.m.?A.Athome.B.Onabus.C.inabookstore.16.Whydidittakethewomanalongtimetogethome?A.Shewalkedalltheway.B.Thebusbrokedownhalfway.C.Shewenttoabookstoreontheway.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whycan’tthespeakergotoworktoday?A.Hersonissick.B.Sheisn’tfeelingwell.C.Shehastogotoherson’sschool.18.WhatdoesthespeakeraskRamantodo?A.Orderlunchfortenpeople.B.Getintouchwiththetrainer.C.Bookameetingroom.19.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakerandRaman?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Trainerandtrainee.C.Partners.20.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intheoffice.B.Onthephone.C.Inacoffeeshop.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheLondonEyeremainstemporarilyclosedbutinlinewiththeGovernment'sroadmapoutoflockdownweplantoreopenfrom17thMay.Youcanpre-booknow.Furtherinformationcanbefoundhere.WhattoExpectTheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.Sinceopeningin2000ithasbeenusedasabackdropincountlessfilmsandislovedbyBritonsandvisitorsalike.ThisistheUK'smostpopularvisitorattraction,visitedbyover3.5millionpeopleayear.EachLondonEyecapsuleholdsupto25passengerscomfortably.Allcapsulesarefullyair-conditionedandrotate(旋转)onaspecialdevicedesignedtokeepeveryoneuprightasthewheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.Thefullrotationlasts30minutesofaneverchangingviewofthisdynamiccity.OpeningTimes■SeptembertoMay10:00am—8:00pmdaily■June10:00am—9:00pmdaily■July10:00am—9:30pmdaily■August10:00am—-8:30pmdaily■NotopenonChristmasDayorduringmaintenanceperiod.TicketPricesAdult:JanuarytoMarch₤15.00ApriltoDecember₤15.50Child(5-15years):JanuarytoMarch₤7.50ApriltoDecember₤7.75Childunder5years:freeSenior(60plus):₤1200Bookingline■9:00amto5:00pmMondaytoSunday■Telephone:087050006001.WhichofthefollowingdoestheLondonEyerideoffer?A.A30-minutefastrotation.B.Aninsightintoitslonghistory.C.A360°movingviewofthecity.D.Anon-chargeableadmission.2.WhenistheLondonEyeopeninJanuary?A.10:00am—-8:00pm.B.100am-9:00pm.C.10:00am-—9:30pm.D.10:00am—8:30pm.3.What'sthechargeforayoungcouplewitha5-year-oldboywhovisitonthereopeningA.₤30 B.₤31 C.₤37.5 D.₤38.75【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦眼计划从5月17日开始重新开放，包括值得期待的活动，开放时间和门票价格等相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhattoExpect部分的“TheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.(伦敦眼高达443米，视野遍布25英里。)”可知伦敦眼可展示360度视角下的城市。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes部分的第一行“SeptembertoMay10:00am—-8:00pm（九月份至五月份，每天早上十点到晚上八点。）”可知，它在一月份的早上十点到晚上八点开放。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“weplantoreopenfrom17thMay.(我们打算从五月十七号开始重新开放）”，以及TicketPrices部分的第一个方框“Adult(成年人），ApriltoDecember£15.50(四月至十二月，十五点五英镑)”，以及第二个方框“Child(5-15years)(孩子5至15岁），ApriltoDecember£7.75(四月至十二月，7.75英镑）”，合计票价为2*15.50+7.75=38.75英镑，可知，他们的费用是38.75英镑，故选D项。BFromtheconcerthallsofEuropetothetechindustriesoftheUnitedStates,C.J.Santoshascreatedastoryacrosstheglobe.BorninBrazil,SantosmovedtoSwitzerlandattheageof18,andearneddegreesinbothmusicperformanceandbusinessadministrationthere.Duringhisnext10yearsof“intense”careerasaprofessionalmusician,hespentmostofhistimeontheroad.“IhadthehonortoperforminthetopconcerthallsinEurope,”Santossaid.“Itreallyworemeouttobeconstantlytravelingandperforming,butitallowedmetoseetheworldandunderstanditinitsfulldiversity.Thiswasauniqueexperience,andIcarryitsbenefitswithmetothisday”Throughtheseexperiences,Santoswasabletobecomefluentinsixlanguages.Withtheseskillsunderhisbelt,Santosworkedwithhiswife,whoisalsofluentinfourlanguages,todevelopasmalltranslationbusiness.“Runningitwithnopriorbusinessexperiencewasachallengingbutexcitinglearning-by-doingexperience,“Santossaid.“Inaddition,thetranslationindustryexperiencedamassivedigitaltransformationinthelastdecade.”ThisbroughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.Theprogramprovidedhimwithsomethingheclearlyenjoysinlife:variety“Ithelpedmetakethemostadvantageofthetranslationindustry’sdigitaltransformation.WhatIgainedfromtheprogramismorethanwhatImanagedinthe15yearsinEurope,”headded.AsSantoscontinuestogrowhisbusiness,he’salsoworkingasanadvisor.“Theworld’sdigitaltransformationhasadvancedathighspeed,”hesaid.“Tome,it’sveryexcitingtobeavaluableresourcetothosewhoneedhelptojumponboardthedigitalexpress.”4.WhatdidSantosthinkofhiscareerasamusician?A.Stablebutstressful.B.Tiringbutrewarding.C.Uniqueandenjoyable.D.Demandingandfruitless.5.WhatdroveSantostotakeuptheMBA/M.S.program?A.HisstrongdesireforaMaster’sDegree.B.Thechallengefromstartinganewbusiness.C.Hislackofeducationbackgroundinbusiness.D.Thedemandforalearning-by-doingexperience.6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.ThegreatvarietySantosenjoysinlife.B.Theapplicationofdigitaltransformation.C.ThebenefitsSantosgotfromtheprogram.D.Santos’sviewpointontranslationindustry.7.InwhichaspectdoesSantosprobablyofferhelpasanadvisor?A.Digitalsolutions.B.Businessanalysis.C.Translationskills.D.Resourcesmanagement.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了C.J.Santos从欧洲的音乐厅到美国的科技产业的经历。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itreallyworemeouttobeconstantlytravelingandperforming,butitallowedmetoseetheworldandunderstanditinitsfulldiversity.(不断的旅行和表演真的让我筋疲力尽，但它让我看到了世界，并充分理解了它的多样性)”可推断，桑托斯认为他的音乐家生涯虽然累但有回报。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Runningitwithnopriorbusinessexperiencewasachallengingbutexcitinglearning-by-doingexperience,“Santossaid.(桑托斯说：“在没有任何商业经验的情况下经营这家公司是一种具有挑战性但令人兴奋的边做边学的经历。”)”和第五段“ThisbroughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.(这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的MBA/M.S.项目，在那里他获得了丰富的经验，知识和不同行业的观点)”可知，创业的挑战驱使桑托斯攻读MBA/M.S.项目。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“ThisbroughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.Theprogramprovidedhimwithsomethingheclearlyenjoysinlife:variety.“Ithelpedmetakethemostadvantageofthetranslationindustry’sdigitaltransformation.WhatIgainedfromtheprogramismorethanwhatImanagedinthe15yearsinEurope,”headded.(这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的MBA/M.S.项目，在那里他获得了丰富的经验，知识和不同行业的观点。这个项目为他提供了他在生活中显然很享受的东西：多样性。“它帮助我充分利用了翻译行业的数字化转型。我从这个项目中获得的东西比我在欧洲15年所管理的还要多。”)”可知，本段主要介绍桑托斯从这个项目中得到的好处。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AsSantoscontinuestogrowhisbusiness,he’salsoworkingasanadvisor.“Theworld’sdigitaltransformationhasadvancedathighspeed,”hesaid.“Tome,it’sveryexcitingtobeavaluableresourcetothosewhoneedhelptojumponboardthedigitalexpress.”(随着桑托斯的业务不断发展，他也在担任顾问。“世界数字化转型正在高速推进，”他说。“对我来说，能够成为那些需要帮助的人乘坐数字快车的宝贵资源是非常令人兴奋的。”)”可知，桑托斯作为顾问，可能会提供数字解决方案方面的帮助。故选A。CArecentcitizensciencestudysuggeststhateatingreallywildfoodcouldimprovegut(消化道)health,bloodsugarandBMI.RichardMawby,wholivedentirelyonwildfoodforthreemonths,lost20kgintheprocess.Mawbyisoneof26UKforagers(觅食者)whotookpartinTheWildbiomeProject,whichwassetupbyforagingexpertMonicaWilde,whogottheideaaftersurvivingonforagedfoodsforthewholeof2021.Itmeasuredtheimpactonbloodsugar,BMIandguthealth—withexhilaratingresults.Participantsoftheprojectwhowerefatatthebeginninglostanaverageof5.6kg,and16%oftheirbodyweight.One,foragingteacherMatthewRooney,saidhereducedhisbloodsugarlevelfrom65toanormal40within10days.Thoughatleastoneparticipantmentionedbeingmoretiredthanusualwhileonthediet,generallyspeaking,theforagersappearedtobehealthier,reportinghavingincreasedenergyandimprovedmentalwellbeing.Guthealthalsoimproved.Wildesuggeststhisisduetothediversityofawilddiet.ltshouldbepointedoutthatallparticipantshadfoodlikefruits,seaweedintheirfreezers.Theyalsoaddedrabbitandfishandorganicchickeneggs.Ofcourse,Wildedoesn’texpecteveryonetoadopta100%-forageddiet.“Evenintegratingafewwildfoodscouldbebeneficial,”shesaid.Indeed,Wildepointsoutthatwildfoodsareoftenmorenutritionalthanfarmedones,whichareraisedforsizeratherthannutritionalvalue.“Eatingwildalsomeanseatingseasonally.Followingtheadvicethatnaturegivesusisboundtobegoodforus—andtheplanet.”Mawbyagreed.“Theprojectwasabreathoffreshair,”hesaid.“Ifeltinharmonywithmysurroundings,seeinganoticeableimprovement.Now,I’mmoreintunewithmybody,andthoughI’vereintroducedcacaoandspices,reallywilddietsarestillfirmlyonthemenu.”8.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toensureforagers’healthylifestyle. B.Toprovide100%-forageddietC.Tocollectmoneyforforagingresearch. D.Topromoteeatingwildfood.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exhilarating”meaninparagraph3?A.Disappointing. B.Exciting. C.Interesting. D.Disastrous.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutforagedfoodfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Ithasserioussideeffects.B.Itneedstobecompletelyadopted.C.Itishighlyrecommended.D.Itisproducedforsizeanddiversity11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Reallywilddietsarefoundtoboostforagers’health.B.Foragedfoodsaremorenutritionalthanfarmedones.C.AUKforagingexpertsurviveonreallywildfood.D.Improvedwilddietsarestillfirmlyonthemenu.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了最近的一项公民科学研究表明，吃真正的野生食物可以改善肠道健康、血糖和身体质量指数。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mawbyisoneof26UKforagers(觅食者)whotookpartinTheWildbiomeProject,whichwassetupbyforagingexpertMonicaWilde,whogottheideaaftersurvivingonforagedfoodsforthewholeof2021.(Mawby是参加野生生物群项目的26名英国觅食者之一，该项目由觅食专家莫妮卡·王尔德(MonicaWilde)发起，她在2021年全年靠觅食为生后产生了这个想法。)”和文章第二段“Itmeasuredtheimpactonbloodsugar,BMIandguthealth—withexhilaratingresults.(它测量了对血糖、身体质量指数和肠道健康的影响，结果令人振奋。)”可推知，这个项目的目的是提倡食用野生食物。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“Participantsoftheprojectwhowerefatatthebeginninglostanaverageof5.6kg,and16%oftheirbodyweight.One,foragingteacherMatthewRooney,saidhereducedhisbloodsugarlevelfrom65toanormal40within10days.(研究开始时肥胖的参与者平均减重5.6公斤，占体重的16%。其中一位是觅食老师马修·鲁尼(MatthewRooney)，他说他在10天内将血糖水平从65降到了正常的40。)”可知，这个项目测量了对血糖、身体质量指数和肠道健康的影响，结果令人振奋。exhilarating意为“令人振奋的”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thoughatleastoneparticipantmentionedbeingmoretiredthanusualwhileonthediet,generallyspeaking,theforagersappearedtobehealthier,reportinghavingincreasedenergyandimprovedmentalwellbeing.Guthealthalsoimproved.(尽管至少有一名参与者提到在节食期间比平时更累，但总的来说，觅食者似乎更健康，他们报告说自己精力充沛，心理健康状况也有所改善。肠道健康也得到改善。)”、文章第五段““Evenintegratingafewwildfoodscouldbebeneficial,”shesaid.Indeed,Wildepointsoutthatwildfoodsareoftenmorenutritionalthanfarmedones,whichareraisedforsizeratherthannutritionalvalue.(她说:“甚至融入一些野生食物也可能是有益的。”事实上，王尔德指出，野生食物通常比养殖食物更有营养，养殖食物是为了大小而不是营养价值。)”和文章最后一段“Mawbyagreed.“Theprojectwasabreathoffreshair,”hesaid.“Ifeltinharmonywithmysurroundings,seeinganoticeableimprovement.Now,I’mmoreintunewithmybody,andthoughI’vereintroducedcacaoandspices,reallywilddietsarestillfirmlyonthemenu.”(Mawby同意了。“这个项目就像一股新鲜空气，”他说。“我感觉和周围的环境很和谐，看到了明显的改善。现在，我更加适应自己的身体，虽然我重新引入了可可和香料，但真正的野生饮食仍然牢牢地在菜单上。”)”可推知，文章最后三段强烈推荐觅食野生食物。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Arecentcitizensciencestudysuggeststhateatingreallywildfoodcouldimprovegut(消化道)health,bloodsugarandBMI.(最近的一项公民科学研究表明，吃真正的野生食物可以改善肠道健康、血糖和身体质量指数。)”可知，人们发现真正野生的饮食可以促进觅食者的健康。故选A。DInthehuntfornewmaterials,scientistshavetraditionallyreliedonstudyinginthelabbytrialanderror.Butnowanewbatterymaterialhasbeendiscoveredbyintegratingtwocomputingsuperpowers:AIandsupercomputing.It’sadiscoverythatfocusesonthepotentialforusingcomputerstohelpscientistsdiscovermaterialssuitedtospecificneeds.Calculations(计算)reduceoriginal32millionmaterialstojust23promisingoptions,researchersfromPNNLreportinapaper.Theteamthensynthesized(合成)andtestedoneofthosematerialsandcreatedaworkingbatterymodel.WhilescientistshaveusedAItopredictmaterials’qualitiesbefore,previousstudiestypicallyhaven’tseenthatprocessthroughtoproducingthenewmaterial.Thenicethingaboutthispaperisthatitgoesallthewayfromstarttofinish.Theresearcherstargetedadesiredtypeofbatterymaterial:asolidelectrolyte(电解质).Intypicalbatteries,theelectrolyteisaliquid.Butthatcomeswithdangers,likecausingfires.Developingbatterieswithsolidelectrolytesisamajoraimofmaterialsscientists.Sortingthroughtheoriginal32millionmaterialswithtraditionalphysicscalculationswouldhavetakentensofyears,butwithmachinelearningtechniques,whichcanmakequickpredictionsbasedonpatternslearnedfromknownmaterials,thecalculationproducedresultsinjust80hours.First,theresearchersusedAItosortthematerialsbasedonstability,whichnarrowedthelistdowntofewerthan600,000options.FurtherAIanalysisselectedmaterialslikelytohavetheelectricalandchemicalqualitiesnecessaryforbatteries.Thatlefttheresearcherswith23options.Researcherspickedamaterialwithsuitablestabilityandconductivity.Thentheysettoworksynthesizingit,eventuallymakingitintoamodelbattery.Anditworked.“That’swhenwegotveryexcited,”saysmaterialsscientistVijay.Goingfromthesynthesisstagetothefunctionalbatterytookaboutsixmonths.“Thatissuperfast.”ThestudyisoneofmanyeffortstouseAItodiscovernewmaterialsinthefuture.Hesayshehopesotherswillpickupthetoolanduseitforavarietyofscientificefforts.12.WhatdidresearchersfromPNNLdo?A.Theycreatedanewtypeofbattery. B.TheycombinedAIandsupercomputing.C.Theyhelpedscientistsmeetspecificneeds. D.Theystudiedthepotentialforusingcomputers.13.Whatdidtheresearchersfocuson?A.Apaperonproducingthenewmaterial. B.Thedangersofliquidelectrolyte.C.Thespeedoftheresearch. D.Anewbatterymaterial.14Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportinginformationoftheresearchresults.B.Potentialsignificanceoftheresearchmethods.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchfindings.D.Afaithfuldescriptionoftheresearchprocess.15.WhatisVijay’sattitudetothestudy?A.Pessimistic. B.Indifferent. C.Positive. D.Unclear.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在人工智能和超级计算的帮助下，发现了一种新的电池材料。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中“Inthehuntfornewmaterials,scientistshavetraditionallyreliedonstudyinginthelabbytrialanderror.Butnowanewbatterymaterialhasbeendiscoveredbyintegratingtwocomputingsuperpowers:AIandsupercomputing.(在寻找新材料的过程中，科学家们传统上依靠在实验室里反复试验来进行研究。但现在，通过集成两种计算力量：人工智能和超级计算，发现了一种新的电池材料)”和第二段中“Calculations(计算)reduceoriginal32millionmaterialstojust23promisingoptions,researchersfromPNNLreportinapaper.Theteamthensynthesized(合成)andtestedoneofthosematerialsandcreatedaworkingbatterymodel.(PNNL的研究人员在一篇论文中报告称，计算将最初的3200万种材料减少到只有23种有前景的选择。然后，该团队合成并测试了其中一种材料，并创建了一个工作电池模型)”可知，PNNL的研究人员在人工智能和超级计算的帮助下，发现了一种新的电池材料。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“Theresearcherstargetedadesiredtypeofbatterymaterial:asolidelectrolyte(电解质).(研究人员锁定了一种想要的电池材料：固体电解质)”和“Developingbatterieswithsolidelectrolytesisamajoraimofmaterialsscientists.(开发固体电解质电池是材料科学家的主要目标)”可知，研究人员关注的是开发一种新的电池材料。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。由第五段“First,theresearchersusedAItosortthematerialsbasedonstability,whichnarrowedthelistdowntofewerthan600,000options.FurtherAIanalysisselectedmaterialslikelytohavetheelectricalandchemicalqualitiesnecessaryforbatteries.Thatlefttheresearcherswith23options.Researcherspickedamaterialwithsuitablestabilityandconductivity.Thentheysettoworksynthesizingit,eventuallymakingitintoamodelbattery.Anditworked.(首先，研究人员使用人工智能根据稳定性对材料进行排序，将列表缩小到不到60万个选项。进一步的人工智能分析选择了可能具有电池所需的电气和化学质量的材料。这给研究人员留下了23个选择。研究人员挑选了一种具有适当稳定性和导电性的材料。然后，他们开始合成它，最终将其制成电池模型。它奏效了)”可知，第五段主要是对研究过程的详细介绍。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中““That’swhenwegotveryexcited,”saysmaterialsscientistVijay.Goingfromthesynthesisstagetothefunctionalbatterytookaboutsixmonths.“Thatissuperfast.”ThestudyisoneofmanyeffortstouseAItodiscovernewmaterialsinthefuture.(“那时我们非常兴奋，”材料科学家Vijay说。从合成阶段到功能电池需要大约六个月的时间。“这太快了。”这项研究是未来利用人工智能发现新材料的众多努力之一)”可知，Vijay认为这项研究在人工智能的帮助下研发速度很快，是利用人工智能发现新材料的众多努力之一，他和其它研究人员对其感到兴奋，可得出Vijay对这项研究持积极乐观的态度。故选C项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inmanyways,lifehasbecomefarmorecomfortableandconvenientinthepastfewdecades.____16____Here,welookatthreeofthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemswearecurrentlyfacing.AirPollutionThemaincauseofairpollutionistheburningoffossilfuelsbyvehiclesandpowerplants.Otherhumanactivities,suchasconstructionandtheburningofwaste,alsocontributetoairpollution.Theeffectsonourhealthcanbeveryserious.Youcaneasilycontributetoreducingairpollutionbyonlyusingacartomakejourneyswhenit’sabsolutelynecessary.____17____GlobalWarmingGlobalwarmingistheincreaseinthetemperatureoftheEarth’snear-surfaceairandoceans.It’scausedbythebuild-upofcarbondioxideandotherpollutantsintheatmosphere.ThesetraptheSun’sheatandwarmuptheplanet.Globalwarminghasalreadycausedawiderangeofproblems.____18____Countriesaroundtheworldhavefacedextremeweatherconditions,suchashurricanes,floodsandheatwaves.OverflowingLandfillsLandfillsareusedforwastedisposal(处理)inmanycountriesaroundtheworld.However,theselandfillsarenownearingtheirlimit.Whenthishappens,thechancesofdangerouschemicalsinthewasteenteringourwatersupplyincrease.TheamountofwasteinlandfillsinChinahasrisensharplyoverthelasttenyears.____19____Somecities,suchasBeijing,ShenzhenandShanghai,amongothers,areleadingthewayandhavepromisedtosend“zerowastetolandfill!”.____20____Theybelievethat,althoughrecyclingwasteiseffective,themosteffectivewayofsolvingtheproblemofoverflowinglandfillsistoencouragepeopletotakeresponsibilityforreducingthewastetheyproducethemselves.A.Ifitisn’t,tryusingpublictransportinstead.B.Sealevelsarerisingduetothemeltingofpolaricesheets.C.However,thishascomeatahugecosttotheenvironment.D.ThisresultedinthefloodingoftheRiverPonearTurininItaly.E.Forinstance,thatinHongKongislikelytoreducewithinafewyears.F.Thus,thegovernmentisnowtryingtofindalternativewastedisposalmethods.G.ApartfromthethreeRs,someexpertshavecalledforthefourthR—Responsibility.【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.F20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类目前面临的三个最严重的环境问题：空气污染、全球变暖和漫溢的垃圾填埋场。【16题详解】上文“Inmanyways,lifehasbecomefarmorecomfortableandconvenientinthepastfewdecades.(在过去的几十年里，生活在许多方面变得更加舒适和方便)”讲随着世界的发展人们的生活在许多方面变得更加舒适和方便，下文“Here,welookatthreeofthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemswearecurrentlyfacing.(在这里，我们来看一下我们目前面临的三个最严重的环境问题)”讲人类面临着三个最严重的环境问题，该空必须与上文形成转折关系，讲明生活的舒适和方便是以牺牲环境为代价实现的，才能顺理成章引出下文讲三个最严重的环境问题，C选项“然而，这对环境造成了巨大的损失。”切合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Youcaneasilycontributetoreducingairpollutionbyonlyusingacartomakejourneyswhenit’sabsolutelynecessary.(只要在绝对必要的时候开车出行，你就可以很容易地为减少空气污染做出贡献)”讲为减少空气污染做出贡献的一种策略，本段就两句话，所表达内涵要一致，该空也应讲为减少空气污染做出贡献的另一种策略，A选项“如果没有，试着使用公共交通工具。”切合语境。故选A项。【18题详解】该空应承接上文“Globalwarminghasalreadycausedawiderangeofproblems.(全球变暖已经造成了一系列问题)”讲全球变暖造成的问题，再结合下文“Countriesaroundtheworldhavefacedextremeweatherconditions,suchashurricanes,floodsandheatwaves.(世界各国都面临着飓风、洪水和热浪等极端天气条件)”和常识可知，海平面上升是全球变暖造成的问题之一，B选项“由于极地冰盖的融化，海平面正在上升。”切合语境。故选B项。【19题详解】上文“TheamountofwasteinlandfillsinChinahasrisensharplyoverthelasttenyears.(在过去的十年里，中国垃圾填埋场的垃圾量急剧上升)”讲中国垃圾填埋场垃圾越来越多，下文“Somecities,suchasBeijing,ShenzhenandShanghai,amongothers,areleadingthewayandhavepromisedtosend“zerowastetolandfill!”.(北京、深圳和上海等一些城市正在引领潮流，并承诺“零垃圾填埋”)”讲中国一些一线城市正在采取措施应对垃圾过多的问题，F选项“因此，政府现正设法寻找其他废物处理方法。”正好与上文形成因果关系，上文现象的出现导致相关应对策略的产生，才能引出下文用具体实例讲垃圾应对策略——零垃圾填埋。故选F项。【20题详解】由下文“Theybelievethat,althoughrecyclingwasteiseffective,themosteffectivewayofsolvingtheproblemofoverflowinglandfillsistoencouragepeopletotakeresponsibilityforreducingthewastetheyproducethemselves.(他们认为，尽管回收废物是有效的，但解决垃圾填埋场满溢问题的最有效方法是鼓励人们承担起减少自己产生的废物的责任)”可知，下文讲应对垃圾满溢的最有效方法是人们要承担减少自己产生垃圾的责任，G选项“除了三个R之外，一些专家还呼吁第四个R——责任。”中“Responsibility”与下文相呼应。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AsastudentresearcheratUCIrvine,Ineedtousevarioussoftwaretocollectandanalyzedata.Whenlfirststarteddoingresearch,IfoundtheQuPathsoftwarevery____21____touse.Therewerealotofdifferenttoolsanda____22____amountofnewvocabularytolearn.Luckily,anotherstudentwhoalsousedtheQuPathsoftwarewalkedme____23____alotofitandalthoughshehadherown____24____toworkon,shewasalwaysreadyto____25____anyquestions.However,Icontinuedto____26____withthesoftwarewhenshewas____27____fromthelabandtherewasnoonetoaskforhelp.Ittookmequitesometimeand____28____tobecomealltoofamiliarwiththesoftware.Thestudentwhohelpedmewasaboutto____29____,leavingmeasthepersontowhomnewstudentresearcherswould_____30_____.Iwouldbemorethanreadyforthem!Idecidedtowriteadetailedstep-by-stepguideabouthowtouseQuPathanditsdifferenttoolssothatnewstudentscould_____31_____iftheyneededadvice.Aweeklater,IwasaskedtohelpanewstudentwhowaslearningtouseQuPath.Hewas_____32_____surprisedwhenIshowedhimthewritteninstructions.Isharedthe_____33_____andalsohelpedhim_____34_____whenwewereinthelabtogether.OnceIgraduate,IhopethattheguideIwrotewill_____35_____tohelpstudentsforyearstocome.21.A.convenient B.effortless C.difficult D.practical22.A.significant B.certain C.definite D.small23.A.into B.from C.off D.through24.A.software B.paper C.project D.guide25.A.raise B.answer C.issue D.avoid26.A.struggle B.deal C.work D.meet27.A.secure B.distant C.immune D.absent28.A.money B.practice C.space D.strength29.A.graduate B.protest C.quit D.retire30.A.adapt B.apply C.turn D.respond31.A.referto B.putaway C.hitupon D.takeover32.A.terribly B.oddly C.doubtfully D.pleasantly33.A.context B.comment C.procedure D.description34.A.withrelief B.inexcitement C.withouteffort D.inperson35.A.mean B.continue C.aim D.deserve【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.D33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是一位学生研究员，需要使用各种软件来收集和分析数据，刚做研究时发现QuPath软件很难使用，幸得一位学姐的帮助才熟悉了这个软件，学姐要毕业了，作者成了新的研究生会求助的人，作者写了一份如何使用该软件的指南去帮助其它学弟学妹。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我刚开始做研究时，我发现QuPath软件很难使用。A.convenient方便的；B.effortless不费力的；C.difficult困难的；D.practical实际的。由下文“Therewerealotofdifferenttoolsanda____2____amountofnewvocabularytolearn.(有很多不同的工具和……的新词汇需要学习)”和“Ittookmequitesometimeand____8____tobecomealltoofamiliarwiththesoftware.(我花了相当长的时间和……才对这个软件非常熟悉)”可知，QuPath软件中工具和新词汇繁多，作者花了很长时间才非常熟悉该软件，说明QuPath软件很难使用。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有很多不同的工具和大量的新词汇需要学习。A.significant相当数量的；B.certain确定的；C.definite肯定的；D.small小的。由上文“IfoundtheQuPathsoftwarevery____1____touse.(我发现QuPath软件很难使用)”可知，QuPath软件很难使用，说明它不仅工具繁多，而且作者需要学习大量的新词汇。故选A项。【23题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，另一位同样使用QuPath软件的学生仔细地教了我很多，尽管她有自己的项目要做，但她总是准备好回答任何问题。A.into到……里面；B.from来自；C.off离开；D.through通过。由上文“Luckily”可知，作者虽不会使用QuPath软件，但幸运的是，另一位同样使用QuPath软件的学生仔细地教作者如何使用该软件，walksb.through(详细解释、仔细一步一步教会某人)，故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，另一位同样使用QuPath软件的学生仔细地教了我很多，尽管她有自己的项目要做，但她总是准备好回答任何问题。A.software软件；B.paper论文；C.project项目；D.guide指南。由上文“AsastudentresearcheratUCIrvine,Ineedtousevarioussoftwaretocollectandanalyzedata.(作为加州大学欧文分校的学生研究员，我需要使用各种软件来收集和分析数据)”和“anotherstudentwhoalsousedtheQuPathsoftware”可知，学姐和作