2020年高考英语练习试题（十）（含解析）

2020年高考英语练习试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AReturns&RefundGuaranteeThe“Returns&RefundGuarantee”isapromiseprovidedbysellersforeveryitemtheysellonDHgate.Whenyoureceiveanitemthatwasboughtandpaidforonoursite,andyoufinditisnotasdescribedorisoflowquality,youcancontactthesellertoresolvetheseproblems.DHgatewillofferadditionalassistanceifthesellerisnotcooperative.ScopeThefollowingpointsshouldnotbeincludedinthe“Returns&RefundGuarantee”:▲Thesellerdidn’tmakeanypromise.▲Thesellercanprovideevidencetoprovetheitemsareasdescribed.▲Youdidn’tcontactthesellerwithinthepromisedtime.▲YouhavereleasedthepaymenttothesellerbeforeaskingDHgateforhelp.Sellersareabletosetupthefollowingpromise:ReturningitemsforanyreasonBuyerscanreturnitemsforarefundwithinaspecificdaywhichhasbeensetupbysellers,suchas3days,and7daysfromthedaywhentheitemsarereceived.Theitems’receivedateisthedatethatisindicatedontheshippingcarrier’sofficialwebsite.Buyersshouldprepayanyreturnshippingcost,whichwillbegivenbacktothebuyersafterthesellerreceivestheitemsaslongastheitemsarereturnedinthesameexactconditionaswhentheyweredelivered.ReturnsorRefundsacceptediftheproducthasqualityissuesBuyerscanreturntheitemsforarefundwhentheyarenotasdescribedorpossessqualityissuesbymunicatingdirectlywiththeseller.Thesellerisresponsibleforthereturnshippingcost.Buyerscangetarefundandkeeptheitemswhentheitemsarenotasdescribedorpossessqualityissuesbynegotiatingdirectlywithsellers.1.WhocangetadditionalassistancefromDHgateintheguarantee?A.Thebuyersinphysicalstores. B.ThebuyersonDHgate.C.ThesellersonDHgate. D.Boththebuyersandthesellers.2.Whichsituationiswithinthescopeoftheguarantee?A.Thesellerdidn’tmakeanypromise.B.Thebuyerhaspaidthesellerinadvance.C.Thebuyeraskedforhelpwithinthepromisedtime.D.Thesellerprovesthatthereisnothingwrongwiththeitem.3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Allthesellersdidn’tmakepromises.B.DHgatesometimeswillpaythebuyers.C.Sellersshouldprepayreturnshippingcost.D.Thebuyercan’tkeeptheitemsaftergettingarefund.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章为退货退款保证说明，这是卖家在上出售的每一件商品的承诺，以及卖家和买家各自的事项说明。1.细节理解题。根据第一段The“Returns&RefundGuarantee”isapromiseprovidedbysellersforeveryitemtheysellonDHgate.Whenyoureceiveanitemthatwasboughtandpaidforonoursite,andyoufinditisnotasdescribedorisoflowquality,youcancontactthesellertoresolvetheseproblems.DHgatewillofferadditionalassistanceifthesellerisnotcooperative.（“退货退款保证”是卖家在上出售的每一件商品的承诺。当你收到在我们的网站上购买和付款的物品，你发现它不是描述的或质量差，你可以联系卖家解决这些问题。如果卖方不合作，DHgate将提供额外的帮助。）可知上的买家可以得到DHgate额外的帮助。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据Scope部分中Thefollowingpointsshouldnotbeincludedinthe“Returns&RefundGuarantee”:▲Youdidn’tcontactthesellerwithinthepromisedtime.（以下不应包括在“退货及退款保证”内:你没有在承诺的时间内联系卖方。）可知买方在承诺的时间内寻求帮助属于担保范围。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据Scope部分中▲Thesellerdidn’tmakeanypromise.（卖方没有做出任何承诺。）可知卖家都没有做出过承诺。故选A。BImaginesomeonewhohasspentthemajorityoftheirlifesittingwithasignonthesideoftheroadandthatverypersongivingsomeonetheirlast20dollars.That’sexactlywhatMarineCorpsveteran(退伍军人)JohnnyBobbitt,34,didinOctoberinPhiladelphia.BobbittservedintheU.S.MarineCorpsandworkedasaparamedic(医务辅助人员)inVanceCounty,N.C.beforehebecamehomeless.Nobodyknewhowhegottowherehewasbecausehewasdiscreetaboutthat.OnenightinOctober,BobbittwassittingroadsidewithasigninPhiladelphiaasusual,whenKateMcClureofFlorenceTownship,N.J.wasdrivinghomedownInterstate95andranoutofgas.Scaredandnervous,shegotoutofthecartoheadtothenearestgasstation.AsMcClurewasheadingtothenearestgasstation,sheranintoBobbittandhetoldhertogetbackinthevehicleandlockthedoor.Minuteslater,heappearedwitharedgascan.He’dusedhislast$20tobuyhergas.Afterthatunexpectedmeeting,McClureandherboyfriend,MarkD’Amico,whobothliveinNewJersey,visitedBobbittseveraltimestodelivergiftcards,cash,snacksandtoiletries.Theythendecidedtocreateafundraisingpagesohewouldn’thavetospendtheholidayssleepingonthestreet.McClurestartedtheGoFundMepageonNovember10.Withthepage,thecouplehopedtoraise$10,000,enoughmoneyforhisrent,areliablevehicleanduptosixmonths’expenses.Bobbitt’sstoryraninalocalpaper.ByNovember15，morethan10,000localpeoplehadmadedonationsthroughtheGoFundMepageandmorethan$300,000hadbeenraised.OnThanksgiving,Bobbittwasrestinginahotel,hisfeetuponthebed,drawingupagrandplanforhisnewlife,thankstoseveralthousanddollarsraisedtorepayhimforagooddeed.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discreet”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Doubtful. B.Cautious.C.Guilty. D.Optimistic.5.McCluremetBobbittwhenshe.A.couldn’tfindagasstation B.gottothewayhomeC.couldn’tunlockhercar D.wasinsearchofgas6.Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat.A.Bobbitt’sstoryobtainedwideattentionB.BobbittbecameworldfamousovernightC.theGoFundMepagecollectedover$400,000forBobbittD.theGoFundMepagewasstartedtohelppeoplelikeBobbitt7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AHomelessVeteranPaidKindnessForwardB.AHomelessVeteranHadaGenerousHeartC.AHomelessVeteran’sKindnessPaidOffD.ASmallKindnessMadeaBigDifference【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。—个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。他们原本期望帮助他募集一万美元，意想不到的是，五天内募集到的捐款就超过了三十万美元。4.词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为“没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步（即无家可归）的，因为他对此_____”。由此可以猜测，他对自己成为无家可归者这件事非常小心谨慎，不想让别人知道。故选B项。5.细节理解题。根据第三段中KateMcClureofFlorenceTownship,N.J.wasdrivinghomedownInterstate95andranoutofgas...AsMcClurewasheadingtothenearestgasstation,sheranintoBobbitt.可知，McClure是在去加油站寻找油时遇见Bobbitt的。故选D。6.推理判断题。根据文章第五段Bobbitt’sstoryraninalocalpaper.可知，McClure是在十一月十号建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助Bobbitt募集一万美元，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至十一月十五号，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的捐款超过了三十万美元。可知，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。故选A。7.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报。故选C项。CEmpathy(同理心)isoneofthosestrangequalities—somethingalmosteveryonewants,butfewknowhowtotrulygiveorreceiveit.Inaworldwhereselfsatisfactionisemphasized,itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.WhatIsEmpathy?—Manypeopleconfusesympathyandempathy,buttheyaretwodistinctvalues.Empathyisnotjusttheabilitytounderstandsomeone'sfeelings;criminalsoftentakeadvantageofpeoplebyappearingtounderstandtheirfeelingsandsubsequentlygainingtheirtrust.Empathyismorethanthat.Notonlyisittheabilitytorecognizehowsomeonefeels,butitalsovaluesandrespectsthefeelingsofanotherperson.Itmeanstreatingotherswithkindness,dignity,andunderstanding.KidsNeedToSeeAdultsShowEmpathy—Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts,inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathymodeledbytheadultsaroundthem.Itbeginswiththewayparentsrelatetotheirchildren.Parentswhoshowaninterestinthethingsthatmattertotheirkidsandrespondtoemotionsinapositiveandcaringwayareteachingtheskillofempathy.MeetEmotionalNeeds—Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet,twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving,meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivetootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceive.Anemptyjugcannotfillacup.It'sagoodideatotalktokidsaboutemotionsandhowotherpeopleexperiencethem.Givetheiremotionsnames(forexample,jealousy,anger,andlove)andteachthemthatthesearenormal.Talktothemabouthowtohandleemotionsinapositivewayandpointoutsituationswhereotherpeopleareexperiencingemotions.Teachthemaboutrespectingtheemotionsofothersandshowthemhowtoactinasituationwherearesponseisrequired.8.Whyisitthatthenextgenerationaretaughttohaveempathy?A.Becausepeopletendtocenterthemselves. B.Becauseeveryonelacksempathy.C.Becauseempathyisastrangequality. D.Becauseit'sbettertogivethantoreceive.9.Whichsituationcanempathybeusedin?A.Whenamathematicianiscalculatingtheareaofafarmland.B.Whenateacherisfortingastudentabouthisfailureinexams.C.Whenacriminalischeatingavictim.D.Whenadancerisdancingtomusic.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Anemptyjugcannotfillacup"mean?A.Anemptyjugistoosmalltoholdacup.B.It'samusttotalktokidsaboutemotions.C.Adultsshouldsetanexampletokids.D.Kidsgiveempathywiththeiremotionalneedsmetfirst.11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Howtotrainkidstohaveempathy.B.Howtodistinguishsympathyandempathy.C.Howtohelpkidsfinishempathyrelatedtasks.D.Whetherkidscanbetrainedtobemoreempathetic.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在一个强调自我满足的世界里，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。同时说明了同理心的含义，以及如何培养孩子的同理心。8.细节理解题。根据第一段中Inaworldwhereselfsatisfactionisemphasized,itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.（在一个强调自我满足的世界里，它供不应求。因此，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么）可知，下一代人被教导要有同理心，因为人们往往以自己为中心。故选A。9.推理判断题。根据第三段中Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts,inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathymodeledbytheadultsaroundthem.（虽然有些孩子天生就有一颗善良的心，但在大多数情况下，孩子们需要看到他们周围成年人的同情心）可知，B选项“当老师安慰学生考试不及格时”符合同理心使用的情况。故选B。10.词义猜测题。结合上文MeetEmotionalNeeds—Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet,twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving,meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivetootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceive.（满足情感需求——当孩子们的情感需求得到满足时，会发生两件事。他们学习如何满足他人的情感需求，他们被锚定在他们所接受的东西上，这意味着当需求出现时，他们有足够的安全感去给予他人，但首先他们需要接受）可知，要想孩子们有同理心，必须首先满足他们自己的情感需求。故D选项符合划线句子的含义。故选D。11.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.（因此，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么）以及文章主要内容为如何教导孩子拥有同理心客栈，故A选项“如何培养孩子的同理心”符合文章主题。故选A。DAmericaiswellknownforbeingameltingpotofdifferentethnicgroupsandcultures,butnowhereisthisdiversitymorepronouncedthaninQueens,NewYork.Here,secondgenerationPuertoRicanslivealongsidethirdgenerationGreeksandfirstgenerationKoreans,allunitedbyamonfeelingofprideintheirAmericanidentity.However,theyarealsoproudandcuriousabouttheirancestralroots.NationalGeographic’sGenographicProject,alsoknownastheHumanFamilyTree,setouttotracetheoriginsbyexaminingtheirgeneticmakeupusingasimpleDNAtest.Whatinterestedthemmorewassomethingthatintriguesusall:thehistoryofourrecentancestry.Onerecurringthemeamongimmigrantsseemstobethehardworkandsacrificesthatwentintobuildinganewlife,andhowtheirdescendantsnowfeeladutytohonorthateffortbyworkinghardtoo.HereisoneQueensresident’sstory.Richard,38MygreatgrandfatherTomascametoAmericafromPolandwhenhewasfifteen.Hismotherhaddied,andhisfatherremarried.Tomasdidn’tlikehisstepmother,soheranawaytoBelgium,whereheboardedashiptoAmerica—withoutaticket.ArrivinginAmericawithnothing,hegotajobontherailroadsinCalifornia.Thenonedayhesawanannouncementinanewspaperthatwasreadbyimmigrants.ItwasfromhisbrotherinNewYorkwhowasalsoseekinghisfortuneinAmericaandwaslookingforhim.TomasgotintouchandtheyhadanemotionalreunioninNewYork,whereTomassubsequentlysettled.Thisisthestorythatmygrandmotherhaspasseddowntous,tomyparents,andallmyauntsanduncles.SheisanamazingwomanandIsuppose:theonewhoholdsusalltogether.She’sactuallyquiteforgetfulnow,butsheneverforgetsfamilydetails.Whatthathasmeantisthatallofushaveastrongfamilybondandastrongsenseofbelongingtoagroupthathasstruggledandfoughttogethertosteeredhere.12.WhatisspecialaboutQueens?A.Conflictingethnicminoritieslivehere.B.Manyforeignersliketotraveltothisplace.C.Thepronunciationvariesfrompersontoperson.D.Manydifferentpeopleandculturesaregatheringhere.13.Whatdoesthe“onerecurringtheme”inparagraph2referto?A.Asadexperience. B.Amonsubject.C.Anunknowntopic. D.Anunusualquality.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTomas?A.Braveandindependent. B.Toughandhonest.C.Talentedandpersistent. D.Kindandhardworking.15.Whatcanweknowabouttheimmigrantsfromthetext?A.Theyareashamedoftheirroots.B.Theyfeelattachedtotheirfamily.C.Theycan’tfitinwiththenewsurroundings.D.Theyarelessinterestedinrecentgenerations.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。美国是一个种族和文化的大熔炉，尽管移民在美国生活了几代，但他们仍对自己的祖辈感到骄傲和好奇。祖辈的努力和牺牲让他们有强烈的家庭归属感，也激励着他们更加努力。12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的Americaiswellknownforbeingameltingpotofdifferentethnicgroupsandcultures,butnowhereisthisdiversitymorepronouncedthaninQueens,NewYork.可知，美国是不同种族和文化的大熔炉，但这种多样性在纽约的皇后区最为明显，即：皇后区汇集了不同种族的人和文化。D.Manydifferentpeopleandculturesaregatheringhere.（不同的人和文化在这汇集）符合以上说法，故选D项。13.词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子Onerecurringthemeamongimmigrantsseemstobethehardworkandsacrificesthatwentintobuildinganewlife,andhowtheirdescendantsnowfeeladutytohonorthateffortbyworkinghardtoo.（移民中……似乎是为了建立新生活他们所付出的努力和牺牲，以及他们的后代应该感到有责任通过努力工作来纪念他们的努力。）联系上下文，可知这是很多移民谈到的话题，故推测划线部分的意思是“一个共同的主题”。B.Amonsubject.（一个共同的主题）符合以上说法，故选B项。14.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的soheranawaytoBelgium,whereheboardedashiptoAmerica—withoutaticket.ArrivinginAmericawithnothing,hegotajobontherailroadsinCalifornia.可知Tomas没有买票一个人坐上了到美国的轮船，到了美国后身无分文在火车站找了一份工作，这些体现了Tomas的勇敢和独立。A.Braveandindependent.（勇敢和独立）符合以上说法，故选A项。15.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的Whatinterestedthemmorewassomethingthatintriguesusall:thehistoryofourrecentancestry.和最后一段的She’sactuallyquiteforgetfulnow,butsheneverforgetsfamilydetails.Whatthathasmeantisthatallofushaveastrongfamilybondandastrongsenseofbelongingtoagroupthathasstruggledandfoughttogethertosteeredhere.可知美国移民对他们祖辈的历史更感兴趣；Richard的祖母忘不了家庭细节意味着他们有强烈的家庭纽带和归属感，即这些移民看重家庭以及对家庭的依恋。B.Theyfeelattachedtotheirfamily.（他们对家庭的依恋）符合以上说法，故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatdoesWiFistandfor?Longgonearethedaysofdialupandwaitingforyourturntousetheputer.It’seasierthanevertoconnecttotheInternetinthedigitalworldtoday.16.WiFiisawirelessnetworkthatusesradiofrequencysignalstoconnecttotheInternetorsendmessagesbetweendeviceswithoutwires.EverythingfromyourphoneandlaptoptotabletsandprinterscanuseWiFi,thankstothesewaves.17.Twoyearslater,agroupofpaniesformedtheWirelessEthernetpatibilityAlliance(WECA,nowtheWiFiAlliance),aglobalnonprofitorganizationcreatedtopromotethenewWiFistandard.NoneofthathistoryexplainswhatWiFistandsfor,becausethephrasedoesn’tstandforanything.WiFiisatrademarkedtermdescribingthedeviceortechnologybasedontheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)wirelessmunicationstandard802.11,accordingtotheWiFiAlliance.18.SotheWiFiAlliancehiredthemarketingpanyInterbrandtoeupwithashortername:WiFi,accordingtooneofthefoundingAlliancemembers.19.Therumorthatitstandsfor“WirelessFidelity(无线保证)”isthankstotheAlliance.Somemembersdidn’tunderstandthebrandingormarketingforWiFi.Theyfeltconsumerswouldwantanexplanationforthename.SotheAllianceagreedtoincludeatagline:TheStandardforWirelessFidelity.That’swhysomanypeopleassumeWiFistandsforwirelessfidelity,butthetaglinecameafterthename.20.Don’taddtotheconfusionandstopmissassociatingthesephrasesbylearningtherealmeaningbehindtheseacronyms(缩略词).A.That’samouthful.B.ThisismostlythankstoWiFi.C.ThenamecausedamisconceptionaboutWiFi.D.ThereissomedebatesurroundingthequestionwhatWiFistandsfor.E.In1997,amitteeofindustryleadersapprovedamonWiFistandard.F.Severalyearsago,amonstandardofWiFiwassetupbyseveralpanies.G.Plus,theAllianceremovedthetag,althoughtheconfusionitbroughtstilllivesontoday.【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.D20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了WiFi的历史，WiFi这个名字的由来以及就这个名字背后所代表的含义引发的一些争议。16.根据上文Longgonearethedaysofdialupandwaitingforyourturntousetheputer.It’seasierthanevertoconnecttotheInternetinthedigitalworldtoday.（拨号和等待轮到你使用电脑的日子已经一去不复返了。在当今的数字世界，连接互联网比以往任何时候都容易。）以及下文WiFiisawirelessnetworkthatusesradiofrequencysignalstoconnecttotheInternetorsendmessagesbetweendeviceswithoutwires.（WiFi是一种无线网络，它利用无线频率信号连接到互联网或在无线设备之间发送信息。）可知是在说明WiFi带给人们的便利，连接互联网比以前更容易应归功于WiFi。故B选项“这主要归功于WiFi。”符合上下文语境，故选B。17.根据下文Twoyearslater,agroupofpaniesformedtheWirelessEthernetpatibilityAlliance(WECA,nowtheWiFiAlliance),aglobalnonprofitorganizationcreatedtopromotethenewWiFistandard.（两年后，一些公司成立了无线以太网兼容联盟(WECA，即现在的WiFi联盟)，这是一个全球性的非盈利组织，旨在推广新的WiFi标准。）可知本句为说明推出了新的通用的WiFi标准。故E选项“1997年，一个行业领袖委员会批准了一个通用的WiFi标准。”符合上下文语境，故选E。18.根据下文SotheWiFiAlliancehiredthemarketingpanyInterbrandtoeupwithashortername:WiFi,accordingtooneofthefoundingAlliancemembers.（因此，WiFi联盟聘请了营销公司Interbrand，根据该联盟的一名创始成员的说法，他们想出了一个更简短的名字:WiFi。）可知因为上文提出的名字过于拗口，因此WiFi联盟想出了一个更简短的名字。故A选项“真拗口。”符合上下文语境。故选A。19.根据下文Therumorthatitstandsfor“WirelessFidelity”isthankstotheAlliance.Somemembersdidn’tunderstandthebrandingormarketingforWiFi.Theyfeltconsumerswouldwantanexplanationforthename.（它代表“无线保真”的谣言是由于联盟。一些会员不了解WiFi的品牌和营销。他们认为消费者会希望对这个名字有一个解释。）可推知对于WiFi代表什么有一些不一致的意见，存在一些争议。故D选项“关于WiFi代表什么有一些争论。”符合上下文语境。故选D。20.根据下文Don’taddtotheconfusionandstopmissassociatingthesephrasesbylearningtherealmeaningbehindtheseacronyms.（不要混淆，不要通过学习这些缩略词背后的真正含义来把这些短语联系起来。）可推知为了避免造成混乱，联盟去掉了tagline这个标签，但是混乱今天仍然存在。故G选项“此外，该联盟去掉了这个标签，尽管它带来的混乱今天仍然存在。”符合上下文语境。故选G。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WefirstmetTomandGeeintheearlydaysofourmarriage.JimandIworkedfulltime,andinthe21ourgarbagecanswentouttothecurb(路边),22towaitthelong,lonely10hoursthereuntilwereturnedtofetchthembecausewewerebusy.23,we’dehomeeverygarbagedaytofindthemneatly24intheirspotnexttoourgarage.We25whohaddoneitforus,andthenonedaywe26him:anelderlymanwholivedacrossthestreetfromus.Ibakedcookiesandweleftthemonthebenchoutsidethegaragewithathankyou27.Whenwegothomefromworkthatday,atypedletterhad28thegift.TheletterwasfromTomand29howhehadetowalkthe30ongarbageday,returningcansforpeoplehe31knew.Backwhenhewas32inthearmy,hisyoungwifeGeehadtolivebyherself.Inthose33days,neighborshadtakenthetimeto34hergarbagecanssoshedidn’thaveto.Henever35it,andnowhepaiditforwardbydoingitforallofus.Overthenextfewyears,wewould36Tomintheirfirstfloorextrabedroom,wherehespenthislastdays,stillsharpandsmiling.WetoldGeehow37Tomhadbeentous,howwegrieved(感到悲伤的)forhisdeathandhow38weweretohaveknownhim.ShewroteusbackandtoldusshestilltalkedtoTomeveryday.Sharingthat39ourbondwithher.TomandGee,whoopeneduptheirheartstous,madeusrealizethathomedoesn’t40atapropertyline.Itextendstoallthepeopleintheneighbourhood.21.A.morning B.afternoon C.evening D.lunchtime22.A.advised B.pretended C.hoped D.supposed23.A.Moreover B.Instead C.Therefore D.Meanwhile24.A.exchanged B.repaired C.placed D.filled25.A.wondered B.proved C.learned D.ignored26.A.invited B.spotted C.praised D.wandered27.A.pencil B.note C.book D.photo28.A.bee B.celebrated C.replaced D.shown29.A.argued B.signed C.solved D.explained30.A.garden B.countryside C.yard D.neighborhood31.A.actually B.apparently C.barely D.seldom32.A.serving B.showing C.winning D.talking33.A.lonely B.frightening C.noisy D.interesting34.A.takechargeof B.dealwith C.giveup D.takeoff35.A.minded B.refused C.forgot D.allowed36.A.visit B.limit C.convince D.examine37.A.optimistic B.polite C.strange D.special38.A.curious B.successful C.thankful D.patient39.A.prevented B.unlocked C.cut D.deepened40.A.occupy B.end C.cross D.start【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.A26.B27.B28.C29.D30.D31.C32.A33.A34.B35.C36.A37.D38.C39.D40.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者一家因为忙，没有时间收拾垃圾桶，邻居一位老人默默地帮他们做这件事。后来得知老人帮邻居是为了回报当年他的邻居给他的家庭提供帮助。作者一家对此很感动，和老人一家建立了深厚的关系，也明白了邻里之间应该互相帮助。21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆和我做全职工作，早上我们的垃圾桶放到路边，在我们回家去把它们捡回之前它们要等长长的，孤独的10小时，因为我们很忙。A.morning早上；B.afternoon下午；C.evening傍晚；D.lunchtime中午。根据下文的waitthelong,lonely10hoursthereuntilwereturnedtofetchthem可知作者和丈夫10小时后才回家，推测他们是早上离家上班，故选A项。22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.advised建议；B.pretended假装；C.hoped希望；D.supposed料想，推断。根据前文的JimandIworkedfulltime,可知作者用拟人的手法表达他们推测回来拣垃圾桶的时间，故选D项。23.考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们每天回到家，发现它们整齐地摆放在车库旁边。A.Moreover此外；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile同时。结合上文可知作者一家没有捡垃圾桶，而回家发现垃圾桶摆放整齐，前后是转折关系，故此处用“相反”符合语境，故选B项。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.exchanged交换；B.repaired修理；C.placed放置；D.filled装。结合上下文，此处是指老人把垃圾桶放回原位，故选C项。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想知道谁帮我做了这件事，后来有一天我看见了他：一个住在我们对街的老人。A.wondered想知道；B.proved证明；C.learned学习，了解；D.ignored忽略。结合下文的thenonedaywe______him:可知他们看见了帮助他们的人，故推测他们一直想知道帮他们做好事的人是谁，故选A项。26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.invited邀请；B.spotted看见；C.praised表扬；D.wandered游荡。结合下文的anelderlymanwholivedacrossthestreetfromus.可知作者发现是住在对街的一个老人，故此处用“看见”符合语境，故选B项。27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我烤了曲奇放在车库外的长凳上，上面还附了一张感谢的小纸条。A.pencil铅笔；B.note便签，纸条；C.book书；D.photo照片。此处是指作者在纸条上写了感谢的话，且下文的atypedletter也有暗示，letter和note是同义词复现，故选B项。28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们下班回家时，发现一封打印的信代替了原来的礼物。A.bee成为；B.celebrated庆祝；C.replaced代替；D.shown展示。此处是指原来放曲奇饼和小纸条的地方放着一封信，用“代替”符合语境，故选C项。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封信是汤姆写来的，信中解释了他是如何在收垃圾的日子来到附近，给那些他几乎不认识的人送垃圾桶的。A.argued争辩；B.signed签字；C.solved解决；D.explained交代，解释。此处是指汤姆在信中讲述了自己做事情的经过，故用“交代/解释”符合语境，故选D项。30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.garden花园；B.countryside乡村；C.yard院子；D.neighborhood附近，邻里。根据下文的Itextendstoallthepeopleintheneighbourhood.可知此处用“附近/邻里”符合语境，neighborhood是原词复现，故选D项。31.考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.actually事实上；B.apparently明显地；C.barely几乎不；D.seldom极少。根据前文的We______whohaddoneitforus,可知作者一家和汤姆属于互不认识的关系，故推测汤姆会帮助根本不认识的人，故选C项。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾他在军队服役的时候，他年轻的妻子只能独自生活。A.serving服务，服役；B.showing展示；C.winning赢得；D.talking谈论。根据该句中的army可知用“服役”符合语境，故选A项。33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那些一个人的日子里，邻居花时间帮她处理垃圾桶，因此她不必自己做。A.lonely一个人的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.noisy吵闹的；D.interesting有趣的。根据前文的Geehadtolivebyherself可知他的妻子独自生活，故此处用“一个人的”符合语境，故选A项。34.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:同上。A.takechargeof管理；B.dealwith处理，对付；C.giveup放弃；D.takeoff脱下。结合上下文此处是指邻居帮着倒垃圾和放垃圾桶，用“处理”符合语境，故选B项。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从来没有忘记，现在他通过帮我们做这样的事来回报邻居对他妻子的帮助。A.minded介意；B.refused拒绝；C.forgot忘记；D.allowed允许。结合下文的andnowhepaiditforwardbydoingitforallofus可知他现在做同样的事情来回报当年的帮助，故推测汤姆从来没有忘记邻居对他妻子的帮助，故选C项。36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我们会去他们家一楼的一间额外的卧室拜访汤姆，在那里他度过了最后的日子，他依然犀利，面带微笑。A.visit拜访；B.limit限制；C.convince使相信；D.examine检查。联系上下文此处是指作者夫妇去看望帮助过他们的汤姆，故选A项。37.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们告诉Gee汤姆对我们来说很特别，我们对他的去世感到悲伤，以及我们非常感激能够认识他。A.optimistic乐观的；B.polite礼貌的；C.strange奇怪的；D.special特别的。结合下文的TomandGee,whoopeneduptheirheartstous,madeusrealizethathomedoesn’t______atapropertyline.可知汤姆和妻子让作者夫妇明白了家并不是地界的尽头，故推测汤姆对他们来说很特别，故选D项。38.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.curious好奇的；B.successful成功的；C.thankful感激的；D.patient耐心的。结合上下文此处是指作者作者夫妇对于能认识汤姆感到感激，故选C项。39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享她所做的事加深了我们和她之间的关系。A.prevented组织；B.unlocked开锁；C.cut切断；D.deepened加深。结合上下文，因为有书信的往来，所以感情和关系加深，符合逻辑，故选D项。40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：汤姆和妻子对我们敞开心扉，这让我们明白了家并不是地界的尽头。A.occupy占据；B.end结束；C.cross穿越；D.start开始。根据下文Itextendstoallthepeopleintheneighbourhood.可知家还延伸到附近的邻居，故此处用“没有结束”符合语境，end和extend是反义词复现，故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题l5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientistssaycrocodileshaveoutliveddinosaurs41.some65millionyears.Onereasonwhytheyaresuchgood42.(survive)isthattheycangoforaverylongtimewithouteating.Andtheyareexperthunters,43.(use)theirstrongjawstobitetheirprey(猎物)andthenswallowitwhole.Whentheyloseatooththeygrowonerightback.Acrocodilecangothrough8,00044.(tooth)inonelifetime!Whatdoestheexpression“crocodiletears”mean?Simplyput,“crocodiletears”arefakesadness.Youpretend45.(cry)andfeelbadforsomethingwheninfactyoucouldnotcare46.(little).Agreatwordtodescribeitisinsincere.Thephrase“crocodiletears”esfromanoldmyththatcrocodileswouldshedtearswhileeatingtheirprey.Areligiousworkerwrotethat47.acrocodilefoundamanbythewater,itwouldkillhimifitcould.Thenthecrocodilewouldcrytearsontheman,butthenfinallyswallow48.(he).Anothermythsuggests49.crocodileisverycleverindeed.Crocodiles,thestorygoes,wouldcrytearsasafalseshowofguiltorsadnesstotricktheirprey.Thepreywouldecloserandthenbeedinner.ScientistsexplainthatcrocodilesDOcreatetears,buttheydonotcry.Thetearshelptocleantheireyes.Cryingispurelyemotionalandit50.(reserve)forushumans.【答案】41.by42.survivors43.using44.teeth45.tocry46.less47.if/when/once48.him49.the50.isreserved【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义，它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说，鳄鱼的确会流泪，但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。41.考查固定短语。句意：科学家说，鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。固定短语outliveby“比……寿命长”，故填by。42.考查名词的数。句意：它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”，且主语theyare可知应填复数形式，故填survivors。43.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是专业的捕猎者，用它们强有力的下颚来咬它们的猎物，然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词，故填using。44.考查名词的数。句意：一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词，由8000修饰应用复数形式，故填teeth。45.考查固定短语。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。固定短语pretendtodosth.“假装做某事”，故填tocry。46.考查形容词比较级。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文youcouldnot可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构，故填less。47.考查连词。句意：如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人，它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/wh