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TextB

TheRichestManinAmerica,DownHomeUnitTwo1/79

BornMarch29,1918

Kingfisher,Oklahoma

DiedApril5,1992

Occupation

FormerChairman,Wal-Mart

Net

worthUS$58.6billion(1992)Forbes400,therichestman

(1985-1988)BackgroundInformation2/793/79WaltonfoundedWal-MartStores,Inc.,thelargestretail-saleschainintheUnitedStates.HegraduatedfromtheUniversityofMissouriwithadegreeineconomicsin1940andopenedhisownBenFranklinvarietystorein1945.Basedonhisconceptforadiscount-storechaininsmalltowns,WaltonopenedthefirstWal-Martstorein1962.Hewasconvincedthatevensmalltownscouldgenerateenoughbusinesstomakesuchstoresprofitable.4/79LearnmoreaboutWal-Mart.5/79Rolls-RoyceItreferstothelarge,expensive,comfortablecarsmadebytheBritishcompanyRolls-Royce.Thebrandisreferredtoasthegreatesttypeofcar.Thecompanywasformedin1905-1906byCharlesRolls(1877–1910)andHenryRoyce(1863–1933).6/797/79ForbesForbesisanAmericanpublishingandmediacompany.

Itsflagshippublication,theForbesmagazine,ispublishedbiweekly.

Themagazineiswell-knownforitslists,includingitslistsoftherichestAmericans(theForbes400)anditslistofbillionaires.

8/799/79

While-reading

TheRichestManinAmerica,

DownHome10/79

DownHome

Simple,informal,thetypicalfeaturesofruralpeople.

What’sthemeaningof

downhome?

Howdoyoutranslatethetitle?美国乡巴佬首富11/79

TextOrganization

Thestyleofthistextis________.

A.narrationB.descriptionC.expositionD.argumentationnarration

PartI1-4PartII5-13PartIII14-22

Lifefolksywaydevotiontowork

12/79PartI(1–4)

Thelife

Scanparas1-4andretelltheanecdote.13/79SamWalton’sLife

SamWalton’slifeinpeople’simagination:anexpensiveRolls-Royce

aluxuriouspalace14/79drive1979Fordpickuptruckordinaryhouse,wornfurniture,noservantsSamWalton’sreallife15/79SummaryofpartI(Par.1-4)mansionRolls-Roycedogswithdiamondcollarsservantseverywherenopalace,wornfurnitureanoldpickuptruckamuddybirddognotspottedanyservantsThewaiterwasdisappointedtofindthattheRichestManinAmericaledsosimplealife.Imaginationreality16/79PartII(5–13)

CanyoutellSamWalton’slifestories1.inthechurch?17/79

2.

inthebarbershop?18/79WhatotherdetailsmayshowSamWalton'scharactertraits?19/79waitsinlinelikeeveryoneelsetobuyshellsatthelocalWal-MartforgothismoneyintheBarber’sonedayandwenthomeforhiswalletimmediately

askshisemployeestocallhimbyhisfirst

name20/79CharacterTraitsofSamWaltoneasy-goingfriendlyfrugalneverflashyneverthrowhisweightaroundnotself-importantcarryonlikeplainfolksandnospecialtreatments21/79Summaryofhissimplelifestyle(Para5-13)

freeofself-importancefriendlyandeasy-goingBeingfriendlyandeasy-going,Waltoncarriesonlikeplainfolksandneverwantsanyspecialtreatment.22/79PartIII(14-22)

SamWalton’sDevotion

toWal-MartTeam23/79WAL-MARTCheerGivemeaW!

GivemeanA!

GivemeanL!

GivemeaSquiggly!

GivemeanM!

GivemeanA!

GivemeanR!

GivemeaT!

What'sthatspell?

Wal-Mart!

Who'snumberone?

TheCustomer!Always!24/79ScanandfindouttheWal-Martwayoflife:loyaltyhardworklonghoursnewideasfrombottomJapanese-styletreathispeoplewellcutpricestothebone25/79WhatkindofpersonwasSamWaltonatwork?26/79Folksyhabitsarichmanontherun,

steeringclearofreporters,dreamersandschemersamanwhocaresonlyaboutthesuccessachievedbyhispeople27/79hard-workingsalesmeetingsortheexecutivepeprallythetennisgamestory28/79generoussetupacollegescholarshipfundandadisasterrelieffundbelievedincultivatingideasandrewardingsuccessFindmoredetailstoprovethese.29/79.

onhismind

rewardsuccessandhardworkAdisasterrelieffundAtennisgameAscholarshipfundHisstoresandhispeople30/79Howdoyouunderstand“downhome”?downhomecarryonlikeplainfolkesfolksywaysfriendly,cheerfultryhisbesttoblendinneverflashy,neverthrowhisweightaroundnotafrontperson31/79LanguageLearning

Wordsandphrases

32/79PartOne(1–4)

1.wheel:=drive1)carrysomeoneorsomethinginoronanobjectthathaswheelseg.Marywheeledaloadofnewspapersinherwagontothenewsstandsnearby.2)pushsomethingthathaswheelseg.Thenursewheeledthepatientwhohasjustbeenoperatedintotheward.33/792.remote

adj.⑴～(fromsth)farawayfromothercommunities,house,etc;isolatedeg.aremoteregion,village,farmhouse⑵【attrib】farawayintimeeg.intheremotepast/future⑶【attrib】distantinrelationshiporkinshipeg.aremoteancestorofmine我远祖34/79remotenessn.remotecontrol遥控eg.Thebombwasexploredbyremotecontrol.Aremotecontrolpanel遥控器35/79〖搭配〗⑴aremotechance/possibilityeg.Thereisaremotechancethatyouwillcatchhimbeforeheleaves.你在他走前抓住他概率很小⑵nothavetheremotestideaeg.杰瑞根本不知他上哪儿去了Jerryhasn’ttheremotestideawherehe’sgone.36/793.discount

n.amountofmoneywhichmaybetakenoffthefullpriceofsth.eg.Wegive(a)10%discountforcash.

现金付款，我们给予九折优待。Manystoresofferdiscountsonholidays.discountshop/store:shopwhichregularlysellsgoodsatlessthantheusualprice37/79

PartTwo(5–13)1.OnlyinAmericacanabillionairecarryonlikeplainfolksandgetawaywithit.38/79

Paraphrase:ItisonlyinAmericathatabillionairecanliveinthesamewayasordinarypeopleandkeepdoingthis(withoutbeingbotheredbyeitherthepublicorhimself).

只有在美国，亿万富翁才能象普通百姓一样，安稳地过着普普通通生活（而不受过多干扰）。

39/79⑴only:倒装inwritingandformalspeech

eg.Onlythendidpeterrealizethathestillhadn’tphonedhismother.

eg.Onlywhenyouarepresentcanwecontinuewithourplan.

NeverbeforehaveIexperiencedsuchanexcitingmoment.

Soexhaustedwashethathedidnotwanttosayawordafterhegothome.40/79⑵carryoni.behavestrangely吵喧华闹疯疯癫癫

Hecarriesonasifhewereamillionaire,spendingmoneyleft,rightandcenter.ii.carryon(withsth/doingsth);carrysthon(=continuedoingsth.)

eg.Carryon(working/withyourwork)whileI’maway.

Carryonthegoodwork.好好干下去iii.carrysthon(takepartin,conductortransact)

eg.carryonaconversation,discussion,dialogue进行谈话、讨论、对话

carryonabusiness经营事业41/79⑶folk:

i.peopleingeneral(youcanrefertopeopleasfolkorfolks)

eg.Theygotmarriedandhadkidsandlivedlikeotherfolks.

eg.Somefolkareneversatisfied.

ii.民间

eg.folksong/music/dance42/79⑷getawaywith

（infml）Ifyougetawaywithdoingsth.wrongorrisky,youdon’tsufferanypunishmentorotherbadconsequencesbecauseofit.

eg.考试作弊必予追究

Ifyoucheatintheexamyou’llnevergetawaywithit.43/792.Byallaccounts,he’sfriendly,cheerful,afineneighborwhodoeshisbesttoblendin,neverthrowinghisweightaround.44/79Paraphrase:peopleallsaythatSamWaltonisafriendlyandcheerfulmanwhoactslikeanordinarypersonandnevershowshisauthority.人人说他为人和善，性情开朗，是个好邻居；他尽力于人们融洽相处，从不炫耀，也从不盛气凌人。45/79⑴by/fromallaccounts:accordingtowhathasbeensaidorreportedeg.Itwillbeamatchworthwatching,byallaccounts.全部些人都说这场比赛值得一看46/79⑵blendin:ifsb.blendsintoaparticulargrouporsituation,oriftheyblendin,theyseemtobelongthereorarenotnoticeable,becausetheirbehaviorissimilartothatoftheotherpeopleinvolved.blendintosth;blendinwithstheg.Asanewly-appointedmanager,hewasnotsurewhetherhecouldblendin.Thenewofficebuildingdoesn’tseemtoblendinwithitssurroundings.47/79⑶throwone’sweightaround/about:(infml)behaveinanaggressivelyarrogantway盛气凌人,逞威风

eg.Mr.Smithisnotmuchofamanager.Healwaysthrowshisweightaround.我可不会让他对我指手画脚I’mnotgoingtohavehimthrowinghisweightaboutwithme.

48/793.reserve:⑴putasideorkeepsthforalateroccasionorspecialuseeg.Reserveyourstrengthfortheclime.留点力气准备攀登吧。⑵orderorbook(aseat,book,room,etc.eg.reservetickets,rooms,couchettesreserveatablefortwointhenameofHilln.anaturereserve自然保护区49/794. Hechatsaboutthenationalnews,orreadsinhischair,perhapstheBentonCountyDailyDemocrat,anotherWaltonpropertythatkeepshimoffthefrontpage.他与人闲聊国内新闻，或是坐在椅子上看报，没准就是《本顿民主日报》，这是他又一宗产业，该报从不在头版登载相关他消息。

50/791)Property:thingorthingsowned;possession Thejewelswereherpersonalproperty.私人财产2)keephimoffthefrontpage:haveWalton’sinformationornewsnotshownonthefirstpage;keephimonthefrontpage:haveWalton’sinformationornewsshownonthefirstpage

51/795.ItburiestheForbeslistatthebottomofpage2.Parparaphrase:TheForbeslistwasarrangedatthebottomofpage2intheBentonCountryDeailyDemocratsothatitcouldnotbefoundeasily.它将《福布斯》富人排行榜塞在第二版报尾52/791)ItherereferstothenewspaperBentonCountyDailyDemocrat2)TheForbeslistwasarrangedatthebottomofpage2intheBentonCountyDailyDemocratsothatitcouldnotbefoundeasily.53/796.wouldhavemadeheadlinesanywhereintheworldParaphrase:itwassuchashockingnewsthatitcouldbeheadlinesofanynewspapersmakeheadlines:becomeimportantormuch-publicizednews

成为主要新闻54/797.“theonlythingstrangeaboutSamWaltonisthatheisn’tstrangeatall.”Paraphrase:theonlythingunusualofSamWaltonisthatheisnotlikeawealthyperson;heistooordinary.

唯一不一样就是他平日经常。

55/791.ButjusthowlongWaltoncanholdfirmlytohisfolksyhabitswithcelebrityhunterskeepingfollowingwhereverhegoesisanyone’sguess.Paraphrase:Manypeopleiscuriousthat,withsomanycelebrityhuntersfollowingWaltonwhereverhegoes,howlongcanheremainsimpleandfriendly.然而，沃尔顿所到之处都有追星族紧追不舍，他平民习惯能保持多久，就极难说了。56/79⑴holdto:followexactly;keeptosomethingsuchasapromiseeg.Ishallholdtomydecision.Youshouldkeepapromisewithouthavingtohavesomeoneoralawtoholdyoutoyourword.

你应该恪守诺言，不要让他人或法律来让你推行所说话。相当于keepto,stickto⑵celebrityhunters:thegroupofpeopleesp.reporterswholiketofollowfamouspeoplefornewsorinformation狗仔队57/792.ontherun:fleeingfrompursuitorcaptureeg.He’sontherunfromthepolice.have/keeptheenemyontherun逼得敌人奔窜eg.I’vebeenontherunalldayandI’mexhausted.我整天忙个不停，疲于奔命。Of:atarun:runningeg.Hestartedoffatarunbutsoontiredandslowedtoawalk.58/79

3.steerclearofsteer/keep/stayclearofsb./sth.:keepawayfromsb/stheg.Iprefertokeepclearoftownduringtherush-hour. Hisdoctoradvisedhimtosteerclearofalcohol.59/794.beliabletodo:belikelytodoeg.We’reallliabletomakemistakeswhenwe’retired.

人若疲劳谁都可能出差错。60/795.laydown:officiallyestablisharule,orofficiallystatethewayinwhichsth.mustbedone制订；要求

eg.Conditionsformembershiparelaiddowninthesoccerclubrules.Itislaiddownthatallapplicantsmustsitawrittenexam.依据要求，申请者一律须经笔试61/796.loyalty:(~to)eg.Myfatherisasoccerfan.Hisloyaltytothelocalteamhastakenhimalloverthecountrytoseethemplay.Royalty皇室,王权62/797.cutpricesandmarginstothebone:reducepricesandmarginsconsiderablyordramaticallycutsth.tothebone:reducesth.considerably大幅度降低eg.Thefactoryhassurvivedbycuttingitscosttothebone.工厂经过节俭开支得以生存下来63/798.option:1)

购置或出售权，期权Hehastakenanoptiononthathouse.2)

选择，选择权Youmustdoit.Youhavenooption.Therearethreeoptionsopentousinthatmatter.在这个问题上我们有三个选择可能。"Thegovernmenthastwooptions,toreducespendingortoincreasetaxes."“政府只有两种选择,不是削减开支便是增加税收”64/799.putsboff:stopsomeonefromconcentratingonsth.使某人分心eg.Sheaskedmetobeserious–saiditputheroffifIlaughed.Thesuddennoiseputheroffhergame.突如其来嘈杂声分散了她比赛时注意力putsboffsth/doingsth:causesbtolosehisinterestinorlikingorappetiteforsth65/7910.andthelike:andotherthingsofthesamesorteg.AlwayscarryyourIDcard,moneyandthelikewithyouwhiletraveling.66/7911.cultivate1)培养；修习；培育eg.tocultivatealoveofart培养对艺术兴趣

cultivateanewgeneration培育新一代Sheistryingtocultivatehermindbyreading.她试着以读书陶冶心情。2)

种植,耕种,开垦eg.Theycultivated500acresinthesuburbCf:nurture;rear67/7912.reward:n.酬劳,奖金vt.酬劳,奖赏(~sbforsthwithsth)eg.Sherewardedtheboywith＄10forhishelp.她因那男孩帮助而酬报他十美元。Cf:awardn奖,奖品vt.授予,颁奖68/7913.come/getaboard:(infml)joineg.Thisishersecondpromotionsincecomingaboard.

14.deserve:(~sthortodo)eg.Marydeservesarewardforherefforts.Theydeserveabettersalaryforthejobtheydo.Ifyoudowrong,youdeservepunishment.Hecertainly~stobesenttoprison.69/7915.I’veneverseenanyoneyet…whowasn’tbetteroff.AndIdon’tmean…makesyouabetterperson.Paraphrase:Everyonewhoworkedforhimorstayedwithhimwasbetter.Itisnotmerelythattheybecamewealthier,althoughalotofpeoplewhoworkedforhimgotwellpaid.Peoplehavingcontactedwithhimhavelearnedsth.fromhimandhavebeenbetterspiritually.70/79betteroff:havingmoremoneyeg.Itwasastrangesituationwherethosewhodonotworkarebetteroffthanthosewhodo.bebetteroff(doingsth):bewiser(todosthspecified)eg.He’dbebetteroffgoingtothepoliceaboutit.Bebetteroffwithoutsb/sth:behappierormoreateasewithoutsborstheg.We’dbebetteroffwithoutthemasneighbours.71/79UsefulExpression72/79UsefulExpression73/79Analysis:Tomakeacharacterportraitconvincing,anauthormustrefrainfromtellingreadersdirectlywhattheperson