北京市西城区八年级下学期期末英语试题

2023北京西城初二（下）期末英语2023.7注意事项1.本试卷共12页，共九道大题，55道小题。其中第一大题至第八大题为必做题，满分90分。第九道大题为选做题，满分10分，计入总分，但卷面总分不超过90分。考试时间100分钟。2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和学号。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将考试材料一并交回。听力理解（共20分）一、听下面四段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共12分，每小题1.5分）请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。1.Wheredidthewomangoonholiday?A.Germany.B.France.C.Egypt.2.Howwasthewoman’strip?A.Boring.B.Wonderful.C.Awful.听对话，回答以下各小题。3.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasastomachache.B.Hehasatoothache.C.Hehasaheadache.4.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Stopeatingfastfood.B.Spendadayortwoinbed.C.Takemedicinetwiceaday.听对话，回答以下各小题。5.Whatdidthemandoforhisfirstjob?A.Hewrotefortheschoolnewspaper.B.Hecollectednewspapersforhisschool.C.Hesentnewspaperstopeople’shouses.6.Howdidthemanfeelaboutgettingupearly?A.Noproblembecausehecouldgetmoney.B.Tiringbecauseitmadehimsleepyandunhappy.C.Goodforhishealthbecausehecouldrideabike.听独白，回答以下各小题。7.Whendostudentsneedtoemailtheirideas?A.BeforeJune2nd.B.BeforeJune22nd.C.BeforeJuly3rd.8.Whydoesthespeakergivethespeech?A.Toencouragestudentstocookathome.B.Toinvitestudentstoenterthepetition.C.Toadvisestudentstotrydifferentfoods.二、听独白，记录关键信息。本段独白你将听两遍。（共8分，每小题2分）根据所听到的独白内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上。OurFieldTripPlacetovisit:9MuseumDate&Time:...Transportation&ticketprice:afree10ride;museumticket...Thingstobring:11Thingstowear:schooluniform;12shoes知识运用（共20分）三、单项填空（共10分，每小题1分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Myfatherisanexcellentteacherandhisstudentslike________.A.her B.him C.she D.he【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我父亲是一位优秀的老师，他的学生都喜欢他。考查代词辨析。her她，宾格代词；him他，宾格代词；she她，主格代词；he他，主格代词。动词like后跟宾格代词，排除C/D；由Myfather可知，用宾格代词him。故选B。2.YoucanstaywithanAmericanfamily________stayinahotelduringyourvisit.A.or B.because C.so D.but【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：访问期间，您可以与美国家庭住在一起，也可以住在酒店。考查连词。or或者，表示选择关系；because因为，表示因果关系；so所以，表示因果关系；but但是，表示转折关系。根据“YoucanstaywithanAmericanfamily...stayinahotelduringyourvisit.”可知，前后句之间表达的是选择关系，因此应用or来连接，故选A。3.Themusic________soexcitingthatpeoplecan’thelpdancingtoit.A.looks B.smells C.tastes D.sounds【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这音乐听起来如此激动人心，人们情不自禁地跟着它跳舞。考查动词辨析。looks看起来；smells闻起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来。根据“Themusic”可知，此处指音乐听起来如此激动人心。故选D。4.WhileIwasreading,mymum________inthekitchen.A.wascooking B.cooks C.willcook D.havecooked【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：当我读书的时候，我妈妈正在厨房做饭。考查时态。while表示某个动作进行的同时另一个动作也在进行之中，这时主从句都用进行态。故选A。5.—________canIkeepthebook,sir?—Fortwoweeks.A.Howsoon B.Howoften C.Howlong D.Howmuch【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——先生，这本书我可以借多久？——两周。考查疑问词辨析。Howsoon多久以后

；Howoften多久一次；Howlong多长时间；Howmuch多少。根据“Fortwoweeks.”可知，此处是在询问多长时间。故选C。6.Mysister________cartoonsaftershefinishesherhomeworkeveryevening.A.waswatching B.haswatched C.watched D.watches【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我妹妹每天晚上做完作业后都会看动画片。考查时态。根据“everyevening”可知，句子是一般现在时，且句子主语“Mysister”为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数。故选D。7.David________somenewfriendsatthesummercamplastJuly.A.makes B.made C.ismaking D.willmake【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：大卫去年七月在夏令营交了一些新朋友。考查时态。根据“lastJuly”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故选B。8.Peter________muchexercisesincehejoinedtheclub.A.does B.hasdone C.did D.willdo【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：自从彼得加入俱乐部以来，他做了很多运动。考查时态。根据“sincehejoinedtheclub”可知此处应用现在完成时，动词应为have/hasdone结构，且主语“Peter”为第三人称单数，所以助动词应用has。故选B。9.Pleasekeepquiet!Dad________anonlinemeetingnow.A.had B.hashad C.ishaving D.washaving【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：请保持安静！爸爸正在开在线会议。考查时态。根据“now”可知，句子是现在进行时，谓语动词应用bedoing结构，句子主语“Dad”是第三人称单数，所以be动词应用is。故选C。10—Doyouknow________thissummerholiday?—Yes.Heisgoingtotakeaparttimejob.A.whatwasTomdoing B.whatTomwasdoingC.whatisTomgoingtodo D.whatTomisgoingtodo【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——你知道汤姆这个暑假打算做什么吗？——是的。他打算找一份兼职工作。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，A、C选项为疑问语序，所以排除；再根据答语“Heisgoingtotakeaparttimejob.”可知，此处应是问你知道汤姆这个暑假打算做什么吗？begoingtodosth.“计划、打算做某事”，因此D选项符合题意，排除B选项。故选D。四、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。TannerWilson,ahighschoolstudent,showedhowfarhewaswillingtogoforhisdisabledbestfriendBrandonQualls.TannerboughtanelectricwheelchairforBrandonaftersavingupfortwoyears,whichwasapletesurpriseforBrandon.Brandonusedahandpushwheelchairtotravelfromclasstoclass.Thechairwasbeingkindofapainforhim.“Iwouldgetreally____11____,andIhadtostoptotakerests,”hesaid.“Iwantedanelectricwheelchairso____12____.”WhileBrandondidn’tknowit,hisgoodfriend,TannerWilson,washardatwork____13____him.Tannerspenttwoyearsathisparttimejobto____14____moneytobuyanelectricwheelchairforBrandon.Oftenanelectricwheelchaircosthundredsofdollars.“Iwantedtodohimafavor,”Tannersaid.“IjustfeltlikeIneededtodoitandIwantedtodoit…Brandon,he’sjustalwaysbeenthereforme.”OnFebruary26,Tannerfinallyreachedhisgoalandboughtthewheelchair.He____15____thenewwheelchairtoBrandoninfrontofhisclassmates.“Wow,Ican’tbelievehedidthatforme!”Brandonsaid.“Theycameinandmyfacelitup,”Brandonsaid.“Iwascryingtearsof____16____everywhere.It’sbeenmy____17____tojusthaveanelectricwheelchair,”hecontinued.“Andmydreamcametrue.”WhileBrandonisstilllearningtousehis____18____wheelchair,heandhisarmsarelovingitsofar.“It’sawesome,”hesaid.“Imay____19____afewdoors,butit’sworth(值得)it.”Tannersaidhisclassmatesaskedhimmanytimesifitwasworththetimeandefforttobuythewheelchairforhisfriend.Hesurelyknewwhatthe____20____wasinhismind—“Yeah.100percent.”11.A.excited B.tired C.relaxed D.moved12.A.badly B.happily C.sadly D.proudly13.A.calling B.teaching C.visiting D.helping14.A.borrow B.waste C.save D.change15.A.presented B.mentioned C.explained D.returned16.A.regret B.wonder C.joy D.sadness17.A.chance B.dream C.luck D.decision18.A.heavy B.wooden C.colorful D.new19.A.see B.make C.hit D.push20A.answer B.value C.lesson D.gift【答案】11.B12.A13.D14.C15.A16.C17.B18.D19.C20.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了高中生坦纳为他残疾的好朋友布兰登买电动轮椅的故事。【11题详解】句意：我真的很累，我不得不停下来休息。excited兴奋的；tired累的；relaxed放松的；moved感动的。根据“andIhadtostoptotakerests”可知，需要休息是因为累。故选B。【12题详解】句意：我非常想要一辆电动轮椅。badly非常；happily高兴地；sadly难过地；proudly骄傲地。根据“Brandonusedahandpushwheelchairtotravelfromclasstoclass.Thechairwasbeingkindofapainforhim.”可知，布兰登用手推轮椅很痛苦，所以非常想要电动轮椅。故选A。【13题详解】句意：布兰登还不知道，他的好朋友坦纳·威尔逊正在努力帮助他。calling打；teaching教学；visiting拜访；helping帮助。根据“TannerboughtanelectricwheelchairforBrandonaftersavingupfortwoyears,whichwasapletesurpriseforBrandon.”可知，坦纳在帮助布兰登。故选D。【14题详解】句意：坦纳做了两年的兼职工作，为布兰登攒钱买了一台电动轮椅。borrow借；waste浪费；save节省；change改变。根据“buyanelectricwheelchairforBrandon.”可知，买轮椅要攒钱。故选C。【15题详解】句意：他在同学面前把新轮椅送给布兰登。presented赠送；mentioned提到；explained解释；returned归还。根据“TannerboughtanelectricwheelchairforBrandonaftersavingupfortwoyears,”可知，坦纳送给布兰登电动轮椅。故选A。【16题详解】句意：我哭了，喜悦的眼泪无处不在。regret后悔；wonder奇迹；joy喜悦；sadness悲伤。根据“Andmydreamcametrue.”可知，是因为得到电动轮椅实现梦想高兴得哭了。故选C。【17题详解】句意：拥有一辆电动轮椅一直是我的梦想。chance机会；dream梦想；luck幸运；decision决定。根据“Andmydreamcametrue.”可知，有一辆电动轮椅是布兰登的梦想。故选B。【18题详解】句意：虽然布兰登还在学习使用他的新轮椅，但他和他的手臂都很喜欢它。heavy沉重的；wooden木制的；colorful彩色的；new新的。根据“thenewwheelchairtoBrandoninfrontofhisclassmates.”可知，这个轮椅是新的。故选D。【19题详解】句意：我可能会撞到一些门，但这是值得的。see看到；make制作；hit撞到；push推。根据“WhileBrandonisstilllearningtousehis…wheelchair,”可知，布兰登在学习使用新轮椅，还不熟练，会撞到门。故选C。【20题详解】句意：他心里肯定知道答案是什么——“是的，百分之百。”answer答案；value价值；lesson课程；gift礼物。根据“Tannersaidhisclassmatesaskedhimmanytimesifitwasworththetimeandefforttobuythewheelchairforhisfriend.”可知，坦纳心里知道同学们问题的答案。故选A。阅读理解（共32分）五、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共22分，每小题2分）AEverydayisaholiday.Let’sdiscoversomenewholidaysaroundtheworld!August23isRideLiketheWindDay.Createdtocelebratetheanniversary(周年纪念日)ofthefirstmanpoweredflight,itisafundaythatallmembersofthefamilycantakepartin.Someideasforcelebratingthisspecialdayincludekiteflying,sailingboats,andwatchingbirdsflythroughthesky.Youcouldalsohaveapicniconawindyday.It’sGoodNeighborDayonSeptember28.Onthisday,wedofunactivitieswithourneighbors.It’sagreatwaytobuildgoodrelationships.HowtocelebrateGoodNeighborDay?Youcouldsharedeliciousfoodwithyourneighbors!Itcouldbeahomemademealororderedfood.Also,youcouldhelpyourneighborswithachore,suchasofferingtowatertheirplants,orlookingaftertheirkids.DictionaryDayfallsonOctober16.ItcelebratesthebirthofNoahWebster,anAmericanwriter.Websterisbestknownforpublishing(发行)thefirstdictionaryin1806.TocelebrateDictionaryDay,youcouldlearnsomenewwordstoincreaseyourvocabulary,orplayafundictionarybasedgame.Ifyoudon’thaveamoderndictionary,youmayconsidergettingone.WorldKindnessDayisonNovember13.Themaintraditionofthedayistobekindtoothers.ThegoalofWorldKindnessDayistoshowkindnessbydoinglittlethings.Itcouldbehelpingsomeonecleanhouses,orjustaskinghowsomeoneisdoing.Remember,thenameofthegameiskindness,andweallhaveitinus.21.WhenisGoodNeighborDay?A.OnAugust23. B.OnSeptember28. C.OnOctober16. D.OnNovember13.22.Youcanlearnsomenewwordstocelebrate________.A.RideLiketheWindDay B.GoodNeighborDayC.DictionaryDay D.WorldKindnessDay23.WhatwouldpeopleprobablydotocelebrateRideLiketheWindDay?A.Helpsomeonecleanhouses. B.Readaboutthefirstdictionary.C.Orderfoodforyourneighbors. D.Watchbirdsflythroughthesky.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了在世界各地发现的一些新节日。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“It’sGoodNeighborDayonSeptember28.”可知9月28日是GoodNeighborDay。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“TocelebrateDictionaryDay,youcouldlearnsomenewwordstoincreaseyourvocabulary,orplayafundictionarybasedgame.”可知可以学习一些新单词来庆祝DictionaryDay。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Someideasforcelebratingthisspecialdayincludekiteflying,sailingboats,andwatchingbirdsflythroughthesky.”可知人们可能会看鸟儿飞过天空来庆祝RideLiketheWindDay。故选D。BRiyaspentthefirstweekofhighschooltryingtokeepherheadabovewater.Shefoundithardtomakenewfriendsandgetusedtonewteachers.Shefeltthehugebuildingsweretoohuge.Shedecidedthatshewouldjustrememberwhereherclasseswereandthentrytoputtherestoftheplacesoutofhermind.AllofthischangedafteraP.E.class.OnedayinP.E.,thecoachsaidthateveryonehadtorunonemilearoundthetrack(跑道).Riyasearchedthefacesofherclassmatesforsignsofworry.Therewasnothingshewasafraidofmorethanhavingtorunawholemile.Whenthecoachblewhiswhistle(吹口哨),Riyathoughtmostofherclassmateswouldpassher.“It’sjustthebeginning.”shethought,“I’lleinlastforsure.ButwhatshouldIdo?Icannotjuststophere!”Riyastartedusingamindtrick(技巧)onherself.Shestoppedthinkingabouttheword“mile”.Instead,shedecidedtofirstreachthebigtreeupahead.Thensherantotheplacewherethetrackturned.Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldfinishherfirstlap(跑道的一圈).Onelapturnedintotwo,thenthree,thenfour.Whenthecoachgaveherahighfiveandsaid“Nicework”,Riyawassurprised.Shecouldnotbelievethatshehadjustrunawholemile.AsRiyawalkedbacktotheschoolbuildingafterP.E.,shenoticedthatshefeltlessworriedaboutitssize.Maybeshewouldetoknowthebuildingsoneafteranother.Allherotherworriesaboutnewschoollifeseemedtodisappearaswellbecausesheknewthatshewouldsolveproblemsonelapatatimejustliketheonemilerun.24.HowwasthefirstweekofhighschoolforRiya?A.Relaxing. B.Difficult. C.Fantastic. D.Boring.25.WhatdidRiyahavetodoinherP.E.class?ACountthetreesaroundbuildings. B.Runamilearoundthetrack.C.Searchforherclassmates. D.Learntoblowawhistle.26.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A.ThecoachtaughtRiyaamindtrickbeforetherun.B.Riyadecidedtofirstreachwherethetrackturned.C.Riyacouldn’tstopthinkingabouttheword“mile”.D.AmindtrickhelpedRiyarunawholemilesuccessfully.27.AfterP.E.Riyaprobably________.A.feltlessworried B.plantedmoretreesC.becameafasterrunner D.foundherschoolreallysmall【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了瑞娅在高中的第一周过得很艰难。然而在体育课上，当教练要求大家跑一英里时，瑞娅用一种心理技巧来鼓励自己，最终成功地完成了一英里的跑步，这让她没那么担心了。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据“Riyaspentthefirstweekofhighschooltryingtokeepherheadabovewater.Shefoundithardtomakenewfriendsandgetusedtonewteachers.Shefeltthehugebuildingsweretoohuge.”可知，瑞娅高中的第一周过得很艰难。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Shecouldnotbelievethatshehadjustrunawholemile.”可知，瑞娅在体育课上绕跑道跑了一英里。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Riyastartedusingamindtrick(技巧)onherself.”以及“Shecouldnotbelievethatshehadjustrunawholemile.”可知，一个心理技巧帮助瑞娅成功地跑了整整一英里。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据“AsRiyawalkedbacktotheschoolbuildingafterP.E.,shenoticedthatshefeltlessworriedaboutitssize.Maybeshewouldetoknowthebuildingsoneafteranother.Allherotherworriesaboutnewschoollifeseemedtodisappearaswellbecausesheknewthatshewouldsolveproblemsonelapatatimejustliketheonemilerun.”可推知，体育课后，瑞娅可能没那么担心了。故选A。CWhatifmychilddoesn’thavefriends?Whydoesmychildliketostayalone?Suchthoughtsprobablytroublemostparentsatsomepoint.Peopleseemsomewhatunfortablewiththeideaofasolitary(独处的)teenager.Butpsychologists(心理学家)todaybelievesolitudecanhelpchildrengrow,andsomemightnotbegettingenoughofit.It’sbelievedthatsomeimportantdevelopmentcanhappenwhenyoungpeoplearelefttothemselves.Fromthetimemostchildrenareborn,theylookforsmallmomentstobealone.Astheygrowup,theyaresensitivetosocialpressures(压力)andtheirneedforquietmomentsbeginstoincrease.Infact,solitudecanhelpthembreatheandgetrefreshed.Researchsuggeststhatteenagerswhospendsometimebythemselvesseemtogetbettergradesandhavelessdepression(情绪低落)thanthosewhodon’t.Whenteenagersbegintothinkontheirown,theresulting“selfconnection”canservethemfortherestoftheirlife.Ratherthanbeingeasilyinfluencedbythepeoplearoundthem,they’llbemorelikelytomakedecisionsthatlineupwiththeirownvalues.Clearlynoneofthismeansthatteenagersshouldalwaysbebythemselves;differentchildrenneeddifferentamountsofalonetime.Aslongasitisreasonable,youngpeopleshouldbetheonesdecidinghowmuchofthattimeisneeded,notthegrownups.Studieshaveshownthatwhenyoungpeopleturntosolitudethemselves,theybettermanage“bigemotions(情绪)”andlearnmorefromtheirmistakes.Sometimestheywanttobealone,butothertimestheymayalsojustwantsomecontrol(控制)overtheirownlife.Andwhenyoungpeoplearealonenow,they’reoftenontheirphoneorputer.That’snotnecessarilyabadthing.Onestudyshowedthatsocialmedia(社交媒体)usemadecollegestudentsfeelbetteraboutsolitude.Butsocialmediausecanalsogetinthewayofthebenefitsofalonetime.Ifyou’restillchattingwithfriends—orevenjustthinkingaboutyouronlinepresence—you’renotexactlyinthewings.Ofcourse,someyoungpeopleneedtimetogetusedtobeingalone.“Solitudeskills”canbebuiltuplittlebylittle.Intheend,thehopeisthatyoungpeoplecanpushthroughthatdisfortandlearntositwiththeirfeelings.Andforthoseteenagerswhonaturallylovesolitude,peopleshouldknowthey’renotloners.Theyarejustenjoyingtheiralonetime.Whenyoungpeoplelookformomentstokeeptothemselves,wejusthavetoacceptthatandstaypatient.Whentheyareready,they’llbeback.28.Theneedofsolitude________.A.startswhenapersonisachild B.endswhenteenagersleaveschoolCchangeswhenpeopleholdontotheirvalues D.increaseswhenteenagershavelesssocialpressure29.Theunderlinedwordsprobablymeanthatsocialmediausecanalso________.A.teachyoungpeopletotellrightfromwrongB.helpyoungpeopleimprovetheironlinepresenceC.stopyoungpeoplefrommakinggooduseofsolitarytimeD.allowyoungpeopletositwiththeirfeelingsaboutsolitude30.Whenwefindateenagerwhoenjoyssolitude,weshould________.A.relaxandleavethemalone B.introducethemtofriendlylonersC.teachthemtocontroltheirlife D.invitethemtojoinmoreactivities31.Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.encourageteenagerstoimprovesolitudeskillsB.drawpeople’sattentiontodepressioninyoungpeopleC.helppeopleunderstandthatteenagersneedalonetimeD.paretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsolitudeforchildren【答案】28.A29.C30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了研究表明独处可以帮助孩子成长。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Fromthetimemostchildrenareborn,theylookforsmallmomentstobealone.”可知，从大多数孩子出生的时候起，他们就会寻找独处的时间。故选A。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Onestudyshowedthatsocialmedia(社交媒体)usemadecollegestudentsfeelbetteraboutsolitude.”可知，研究表明社交媒体的使用让大学生对独处感觉更好，结合转折连词“But”可知，划线处应是指社交媒体使用的弊端，选项C“阻止年轻人好好利用独处的时间”符合语境。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whenyoungpeoplelookformomentstokeeptothemselves,wejusthavetoacceptthatandstaypatient.Whentheyareready,they’llbeback.”可知，当我们发现一个喜欢独处的青少年时，我们应该放轻松，不要打扰他们。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“Whatifmychilddoesn’thavefriends?Whydoesmychildliketostayalone?Suchthoughtsprobablytroublemostparentsatsomepoint.Peopleseemsomewhatunfortablewiththeideaofasolitary(独处的)teenager.Butpsychologists(心理学家)todaybelievesolitudecanhelpchildrengrow,andsomemightnotbegettingenoughofit.”及“Whenyoungpeoplelookformomentstokeeptothemselves,wejusthavetoacceptthatandstaypatient.Whentheyareready,they’llbeback.”可知，文章主要是为了帮助人们理解青少年需要独处的时间。故选C。六、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Animalslikeelephants,beaversandantscouldnotseemmoredifferent.Yettheyhaveoneimportantthinginmon:theyarewhatscientistscall“ecosystem(生态系统)engineers.”Astheygoabouttheirdailybusinessofliving,theychangetheirownlivingenvironments.Thisisgoodnotonlyforthemselves,butmanyothersaswell.AntsAntshaveagreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Theyhelptokeepthesoil(土壤)healthybystirringitaroundanddiggingtunnels(挖隧道)thatletinairandwater.Theyalsohelptotransportwaterandotherimportantthingstotherootsofplants.Antstakecareofthetreesbyclearingweedsandeatingtheeggsofsomeinsects.What’smore,theykeepthegroundclearofthebodiesofsmallerdeadanimals.ElephantsElephantsareanexcellentexampleofanecosystemengineer.Theyplayabigpartinlookingafterthehealthoftheenvironment.Bydiggingupgrassandknockingoverlargetrees,elephantsmakemorespaceforotheranimalsandsomeplants.Thisenablessomesmallplantstogetmorewaterandsunshine.Elephantssometimesusetheirtusks(象牙)todigdirtoutofdryriverbeds,creatingwaterholesforotheranimalstodrink.Whentheywalkthroughtheforestingroups,theyalwaysleavelargefootprints.Whenitrains,waterfillsthefootprintsandtheybeeplacesinwhichfrogsandinsectslayeggs.BeaversBeaversareamongthemosthardworkingecosystemengineers,andtheyarealwaysbusywiththeirbuildingwork.Theyusetheirlargefrontteethtocutdownsomeoldertrees,whichclearsthewayfornewgrowthandthencreatedams(水坝)tomakeponds(池塘)—theirfavoriteplacetolive.Thepondprovidesbeaversaplacetogetawayfromdangerandtolive.Itisalsoaperfecthomeforotherwildlifelikebirds,fish,frogs,turtlesandsomeplants.Beaversoftenbuildtheirhouse—whichiscalledalodge,inthemiddleofthepondorontheriverbank.Insidethelodge,theyhaveoneareaforstoringtheirfood,andanotherhigherdryareaforsleeping.Themudwallsofthelodgehelpkeepitwarminwinter.Theseareonlyafewofthebestknownecosystemengineersinnaturalworld—otherscanbefoundalmosteverywhere!32.Canantshelptomakethesoilhealthy?__________________________________________33.Whocanhelptokeepthegroundclearofthebodiesofdeadanimals?__________________________________________34.Howcanelephantsmakemorespaceforotheranimalsandsomeplants?__________________________________________35.Whatdopondsprovideforbeaversandotherwildlife?__________________________________________36.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?__________________________________________【答案】32.Yes./Yes,theycan.33.Ants.34.Bydiggingupgrassandknockingoverlargetrees.35.Theyprovidebeaversaplacetoliveandgetawayfromdanger.Theyarealsoperfecthomesforotherwildlife.36.Someecosystemengineersinthenaturalworldandwhattheydotobenefitthemselvesandotheranimals.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界的一些生态系统工程师，以及它们如何造福自己和其他动物。【32题详解】根据第二段“Antshaveagreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Theyhelptokeepthesoilhealthybystirringitaroundanddiggingtunnelsthatletinairandwater.”可知，蚂蚁通过搅拌土壤和挖隧道让空气和水进入土壤，帮助保持土壤健康。故填Yes./Yes,theycan.【33题详解】根据第二段“Antshaveagreatinfluenceontheenvironment…What’smore,theykeepthegroundclearofthebodiesofsmallerdeadanimals.”可知，蚂蚁能清除地面上小动物的尸体。故填Ants.【34题详解】根据第四段“Bydiggingupgrassandknockingoverlargetrees,elephantsmakemorespaceforotheranimalsandsomeplants.”可知，通过挖草和撞倒大树，大象为其他动物和一些植物创造了更多的空间。故填Bydiggingupgrassandknockingoverlargetrees.【35题详解】根据第五段“Thepondprovidesbeaversaplacetogetawayfromdangerandtolive.Itisalsoaperfecthomeforotherwildlifelikebirds,fish,frogs,turtlesandsomeplants.”可知，池塘为海狸提供了一个生活和远离危险的地方，也是其他野生动物的完美家园。故填Theyprovidebeaversaplacetoliveandgetawayfromdanger.Theyarealsoperfecthomesforotherwildlife.【36题详解】综合全文，尤其是根据第一段“Yettheyhaveoneimportantthinginmon:theyarewhatscientistscall‘ecosystemengineers’.Astheygoabouttheirdailybusinessofliving,theychangetheirownlivingenvironments.Thisisgoodnotonlyforthemselves,butmanyothersaswell.”可知，本文介绍了自然界的一些生态系统工程师，它们在处理日常生活事务的同时，改变了自己的生活环境，这不仅对它们自己有好处，也造福了其他动物。故填Someecosystemengineersinthenaturalworldandwhattheydotobenefitthemselvesandotheranimals.书面表达（共18分）七、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共8分，每小题2分）37.别忘了带你的护照。(passport)（汉译英）__________________________________________【答案】Don’tforgettotakeyourpassport.【解析】【详解】此句是否定祈使句，用Don’t+动词原形；忘记做某事：forgettodosth.，带你的护照：takeyourpassport，句子开头，首字母大写。故填Don’tforgettotakeyourpassport.38.我希望有一天你能加入我们。(hope,join)（汉译英）__________________________________________【答案】Ihopeyoucanjoinusoneday.【解析】【详解】根据题干可知：本句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句，主句Ihope是一般现在时态，youcanjoinusoneday是宾语从句，可使用任何时态；joinus加入我们；oneday有一天。故填Ihopeyoucanjoinusoneday.39.妈妈每天晚上花一个小时的时间读书。(spend)（汉译英）__________________________________________【答案】Momspendsanhourreadingeveryevening.【解析】【详解】Mom作主语；spendtimedoingsth.“花费时间做某事”，主语是单数，谓语用三单spends；anhour“一个小时”；reading“阅读”；everyevening“每晚”，位于句末，作时间状语。故填Momspendsanhourreadingeveryevening.40.大明已经学会了二十首英文歌曲。(learn,Englishsong)（汉译英）__________________________________________【答案】Daminghaslearnt20Englishsongs.【解析】【详解】大明：Daming；二十首英文歌曲：20Englishsongs；学会：learn。结合语境可知，此句是现在完成时，主语Daming是单数，因此助动词用has，learn的过去分词为learnt。故填Daminghaslearnt20Englishsongs.八、文段表达（10分）41.请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。旅行使人增长见识、丰富阅历。在旅途中，会遇到很多美好，可能是一件事、一个人、一道美食或者一处风景。假如你是初二学生李华，你们学校英语公众号正在开展主题为“AWonderfulTrip”的征文活动，请你根据下面的提示问题，用英文写一篇征文。提示词语：visit,friendly,delicious,beautiful提示问题：●Wheredidyougoandwhendidyougothere?●Whatmadethetripsowonderful?AWonderfulTrip_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文AWonderfulTripDuringlastsummervacation,IwenttoZhangjiajiewithmyparentsandwehadagreattime.AmongalltheexperiencesIhadduringthetrip,climbingthebeautifulmountainswasthemostunforgettableone.Zhangjiajie’smountainsandforestsshowedmetherealmeaningof“beautyofnature”.ThestrangelyshapedrocksweresoamazingthatIcouldhardlybelieveIwasintherealworld.What’smore,Icouldevenseethemountaintopsabovetheclouds.I’mverygladtohavetakenthiswonderfultrip.【解析】【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点[写作步骤]第一步，介绍自己一次美妙的旅行；第二步，介绍这次旅行的美妙之处；第三步，总结这次美妙旅行后好心情。[亮点词汇]①hadagreattime玩得开心②What’smore而且[高分句型]①Duringlastsummervacation,IwenttoZhangjiajiewithmyparentsandwehadagreattime.（and引导并列句）②ThestrangelyshapedrocksweresoamazingthatIcouldhardlybelieveIwasintherealworld.（so...that...引导结果状语从句；that引导宾语从句，that省略）③I’mverygladtohavetakenthiswonderfultrip.（动词不定式作原因状语）九、选做题（共10分，每小题5分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Brianwasanhonest(诚实的)manlivinginavillage.Allthepeopletherepraised(赞扬)andlovedhim.Hewasreallyhappyaboutthat.Onedaywhilereturningfromwork,heheardthatsomepeopleweretalkingabouthim.Heknewpeopleofthevillagealwayspraisedhim,sohecouldn’tstophimselffromlisteningtothem.