专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷2（共77题）

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷2（共9套）（共77题）专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷第1套一、常规阅读理解(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)Whatmakesforasuccessfulinvasion?Often,theansweristohavebetterweaponsthantheenemy.And,asitiswithpeople,soitiswithplants—atleast,thatistheconclusionofapaperpublishedinBiologyLettersbyNaomiCappueeino,ofCarletonUniversity,andThorArnason,oftheUniversityofOttawa,bothinCanada.Thephenomenonofalienspeciespoppingupunexpectedpartsoftheworldhasgrownoverthepastfewdecadesaspeopleandgoodsbecomemoremobileandplantseedsandanimallarvaehavehitchedalongfortheride.Mostsuchaliensblendintotheecosysteminwhichtheyarrivewithouttoomuchfuss.(Indeed,manyprobablyfailtoestablishthemselvesatall—butthosefailures,ofcourse,arenevernoticed.)Occasionally,though,somethinggoesbananasandstartsttartstotaketheplaceover,andaninvasivespeciesisborn.Dr.CappuceinoandDr.Arnasonaskedthemselveswhy.Onehypothesisisthataliensleavetheirpredatorsbehind.Sincethepredatorsintheirnewhomelandsarenotadaptedtoexploitthem,theyareabletoreproduceunchecked.Thatisaniceidea,butitdoesnotexplainwhyonlycertainaliensbecomeinvasive.Dr.CappuccinoandDr.Amasonsuspectedthismightbebecausenativepredatorsaresometimes"pre-adapted"tothealiens'defenees,butinothercasestheyarenot.Totestthis,theyhadfirsttoestablishareliablelistofinvaders.Thatisnotaseasyasitsounds.Astheyobserve,"althoughtherearemanylistsofinvasivespeciespublishedbygovernmentalagencies,inclusionofagivenspeciesinthelistsmaynotbeentirelyheeofpoliticalmotivation".Instead,theypolledestablishedresearchersinthefieldofalienspecies,aski,geachtolistteninvasivespeciesand,forcomparison,tenaliensthatjustrubbedalongquietlywiththeirneighbours.Theresultwasalistof21specieswidelyagreedtobeinvasiveand,forcomparison,18non-invasivealiens.Havingestablishedtheselists,theywenttothelibrarytofindoutwhatwasknownabouttheplants'chemistry.Theiraimwastofindthemostprominentchemicalweaponineachplant,whetherthatweaponwasdirectedagainstinsectsthatmightwanttoeattheplant,bacteriaandfungithatmightwanttoinfectit,orotherplantsthatmightcompeteforspace,water,nutrientsandlight.Botanistsknowalotaboutwhichsortsofcompoundshavewhatroles,soclassifyingconstituentchemicalsinthiswaywasnottoohard.TheresearchersthencomparedthechemicalarsenalsoftheiralienswiththoseofnativeNorthAmericanplants,toseeifsuperior(or,atleast,unusual)weapomTwastheexplanationfortheinvaders'success.Theirhypothesiswasthathighlyinvasivespecieswouldhavechemicalweaponsnotfoundinnativeplants,andwhichpests,parasitesandotherplantswouldthereforenothaveevolvedanyresistanceto.Themorebenignaliens,bycontrast,werepredictedtohavearsenalsalsofoundinatleastsomenativespecies.Andsoitproved.Morethan40%oftheinvasivespecieshadachemicalunknowntonativeplants;justover10%ofthenon-invasivealienshadsuchachemical.Moreover,whentheylookedatpaststudiesonalienplantsthathadexaminedhowmuchsuchplantssufferfromthedepredationsofherbivorousinsects,theyfoundthattheextentofthedamagereportedwassignificantlyconelatedwiththenumberofnativespecieswithwhichthatalienshareditsprincipalchemicalweapon.Foralienplants,then,therealsecretofsuccess—alsoasinhumanwarfare—issurprise.Itisnotthatthechemicalsconcernedaremoretoxicinanygeneralsense(indeed,successfulinvadersareoftenrareintheirownnativehabitats).Rather,itisthatthelocalsjustdon'tseethemcoming.1、Indozensofyears,therearemorecasesoftheinvasionofalienspeciespartlybecauseA、plantseedsareresistanttoantibiotics.B、peopletendtohitcharide.C、therearemorecirculationofgoods.D、animallarvaebecomestronger.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。由题干中的关键词alienspecies定位至第二段。首句明确指出：过去的几十年，随着人和货物的流动日益频繁，植物种子和动物幼体也乘机“搭便车”四处播散，世界各地无意间出现了越来越多的外来物种。可见，货物流动增多是外来物种人侵的原因之一，故[C]为答案。[A]和[D]未提及，排除。这里搭便车的主体是plantseeds和animallarvae，并非people，[B]属于张冠李戴，排除。2、Theexpression"somethinggoesbananas"inParagraph2probablymeanssomethingA、getsbananas.B、importanthappen.C、becomescrazy.D、frighteninghappen.标准答案：C知识点解析：语义题。由题干定位至第二段。第二句指出：这些外来物种大多数都轻而易举地融入了所到之处的生态系统。之后出现了occasionally一词，这与前文的mostsuchaliens构成对比关系，不过，偶尔也有某些物种goesbananas，开始企图占领原有物种的生长空间，一种入侵物种就这样形成了。显然这里的goesbananas与上一句中的arrivewithouttoomuchfuss是对比关系，toomuchfuss的意思是“太大惊小怪”，可以判断goesbananas这个能够引起人们震惊的物种入侵一定是程度比较重，状态疯狂，这与后面的tryingtotaketheplaceover构成衔接关系，故[C]符合语境。[A]是对字面肤浅解释，排除；[B]中的important是一个中性词，与taketheplaceover无语义联系，排除；[D]中的frightening不符合语境，这里没有提到人们对外来物种是否感到害怕。3、ThedifferencebetweenDr.CappuccinoandDr.Arnason’shypothesisandthepreviousoneisthatA、theformermentionsnativepredatorsofalienspecies.B、theformermayaccountfortheinvasionofcertainaliens.C、thelatterexplainstheadaptationofthepredators.D、thelattermayexplorethepre-adaptationofthepredators.标准答案：B知识点解析：推断题。由题干中的hypothesis定位至第三段。前两句对其他人的假设进行了解释：有人推想，外来物种摆脱了原先的掠食者，而在新的“家园”，现有的掠食者又没有发现它们也合口味，因此这些物种得以肆无忌惮地繁衍。然后指出这一观点的问题：这种观点好是好，不过没有解释为什么只有特定的外来物种才具有入侵性。该段末句指出Dr.Cappuccino和Dr.Arnason的猜测：这可能是因为土生土长的掠食者对外来物种所具有的防御机制有时产生“预适应”，有时又不产生。显然，先前假设存在的问题就是这两个人研究的内容，故[B]为答案。从该段可知，两种假设都提及predators，排除[A]。提到pre-adapted的是Dr.Cappuccino和Dr.Arnason，[D]属于张冠李戴，排除；而[C]则为该先前假设的部分内容，但无法得知是否为两种假设的区别所在，排除。4、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofchemicalweaponsofinvasivespecies?A、Itisdifficulttofindthechemicalweaponsofinvasivespecies.B、Themostprominentchemicalweaponsofinvadersexplaintheirsuccess.C、Thelesschemicalweaponsinvadershave,themorebenigntheybecome.D、Mostnativeplantsdon’thavethesamechemicalweaponsofaliens.标准答案：B知识点解析：细节题。由题干中的chemicalweapons定位至第五段。第二句指出：他们就到图书馆查询这些植物的化学性质……，结合末句的“植物学家对哪些化合物有哪些作用都了如指掌，因此这样对化学物质进行分类并不太难”可判断[A]不符合文意。第六段第二句提到：他们推断，具有高度入侵性的物种拥有本土植物所缺少的“化学武器”，对这种化学武器，害虫、寄生虫及其他植物都不能产生任何抵抗力。[D]中的aliens和highlyinvasivespecies概念不同，无法得出该项结论，排除。末句指出：入侵性较弱的外来物种所具有的“武器库”可能至少同样存在于某些本土物种。这里指的不是chemicalweapons的数量多少，而是本地物种和外来物种是否有同样的武器库影响入侵性，排除[C]；从第六段首句“然后，为了弄清外来物种的成功入侵是否得益于超级武器，这两位研究人员将已知外来植物的化学武器库同北美土生土长的植物的化学武器库进行了比较。”和第七段首句“猜测因而得到了证实。”可知[B]符合文意，故为答案。5、Accordingtothetext,thesuccessofinvasionliesinthefactthatthenativeplantsA、areunawareoftheinvasionofalienspecies.B、containmorepoisonouschemicals.C、aredefeatedinplantwarfare.D、maydieoutintheirownhabitats.标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。由题干中的success定位至末段，最后两句指出外来植物成功入侵的原因：它不在于一般意义上所认为的那样具有毒性更强的化学物质，而是因为本地掠食者根本没有察觉它们的到来。[A]符合原文，故为答案；[B]是对chemicalscobcernedaremoretoxicinanygeneralsense的曲解，这里说的是一般人认为“外来物种携带的化学物质毒性强”，不是nativeplants，排除；[C]和[D]原文没有提及，为干扰项。ItislunehtimeattheChateaudeBellerive,PrineeSadruddinAgaKhan'shomeonLakeGeneva.Hisguestsarebeingservedtheelegantfoodassociatedwiththeprince'skitchen.ButtheprinceandhiswifeCatherinearecontenttohaveadishofbrownriceandanaccompanyingsalad.Canitbethattheyarenothungry.,oristhepricemakingagesture:thataithoughheisarichmanhehashumbletastes?Nooneissopoliteastoask,buttheguestsmaytalkaboutitlater.Sadruddinwasdisappointedthathisfatherdidnotnamehimasthenextleader.Butfatherapparentlybelievedthathissonlivedonlyforpleasure.Sadruddin'smuchpublicizedlifewithhisfirstwifeNina,amodel,mayhavemadeitseemso."Mythsandlabelsbecomeattachedtopeople,"heremarkedlater,"givingthemareputationthatdoesnotalwayscorrespondtoreality."ItcouldbethathisfatherhadmixedupSadruddinwithhishalfbrotherAly,whowasbrieflymarriedtoRitaHayworth,aHollywoodstar,andwasindeedatearaway.Intheevent,whentheAgaKhandiedin1957,thecrown,andthetitleAgaKhanIV,wenttoSadruddin'snephew,thepresentholder.Sadruddinwasthen24.Atthatagedisappointmentscanusuallybeovercome,particularlyif,liketheprince,youhaveadvantages.Hehadhadanelitisteducation,atLeRosayinSwitzerlandandHarvard.Hespokeseverallanguages,includingFrenchfromhismother,aParisian,andPersianandEnglishfromhisfather.Theamountofhispersona]fortunewasunknownbutitwascertainlyadequate.Withtheseassetstosustainhim,Sadruddindiscoveredwhatwastobehislife'swork,toimprovethelotoftheworld'srefugees.LikemanypeoplewhocametodogoodworkfortheUnitedNations,Sadruddindriftedintotheorganization,ratherthansettingouttomakeithiscareer.Asastudenthestartedanartcollectionthateventuallybecameoneofthefinestinprivatehands.HebecameconcernedaboutthefateofNubianstatuesthreatenedbytheconstructionoftheAswanHighDaminEgypt,andin1958wastakenonasanadviserbyUNESCO,theUN'sculturalbranch.HediscoveredthatthedamnotonlythreatenedNubianstatuesbutthatsome100,000Nubianpeoplewerebeingmovedfromtheirtraditionalhomes.Peoplewereclearlymoreimportantthatstatues,howeverprecious.ThoseNubianswereeventuallyresettledinEgypt,albeitininferiorterritory.In1959SadruddinbecameanassistanttotheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees,andappliedtothejobthecodeofmoralityandresponsibilityofhisfaith.Hewasmadedeputyhighcommissionerin1962andin1965attheageof32wasappointedtothetopjob.Hewasgoodatgettingrichcountriesbegenerous.Perhapsonlyarichmancanbesuccessfulbeggar.TheelderGeorgeBushwasafriend:theyplayedtennistogether.MrBushfoundtheurbaneEuropeananagreeablecontrasttohisTexascircle.Sadruddinsteppeddownafter12years,thelongestanyrefugeechiefhasheldthejob.HeseemedthefavoritetobecometheN'ssecretarygeneraLin1981,buttheSovietUnionvetoedhiscandidature,claiminghewastoopro-western,andvetoedhisagainin1991.AroundthattimestoriescirculatethattheprincewasasecretagentfortheBritish,usinghisjobasacoverfortheintelligencegathering.Itwasalmostcertainlynonsense,buttheRussiansmayhavebelievedit.Sadruddininsistedthathehadequalsympathieswitheasternandwesternpeoples.Hisdescriptionofhimselfas"acitizenoftheworld"wasafairone.Heborethissecondbigdisappointmentwastherealizationofhowlittlehadbeendonetortheworld'spoor.Inaspeechnotlongagohesaidthatin80countriespeople'sincomeswerelowerthantheyweretenyearsearlier.Thenumbersofpeopleinpoverty,earninglessthan$1aday,wasstuckat1.2billion.Hismealofbrownricewasaheart-feltgesture.Givehimthat.6、PrinceSadruddinatesimplybecauseA、hehadahumbletastes.B、hewasnothungry.C、heintendedtoshowhissympathywithpoorpeopleintheworld.D、hedidn’twanttoshowoffhisrichnesstohisguests.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。虽然作者在第一段提出这个问题，但在最后一段才给出答案。虽然他的一生有过两次非常大的遗憾，但是与之相比更让他感觉失望的是他意识到为世界上的穷人做的事情太少，他在之前不久的演讲中也说到在许多国家人们收入的倒退和贫穷人口数目的巨大。接着指出Hismealofbrownricewasaheartfeltgesture.答案为[C]。7、Theword"tearaway"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeansA、anintelligentperson.B、anin’esponsibleperson.C、amysteriousperson.D、afamousperson.标准答案：B知识点解析：语义题。该词所在第二段的内容是作者在猜测Sadruddin的父亲对他的种种误解而没有传位于他。所在句子“ItcouldbethathisfatherhadmixedupSadruddinwithhishalf-brotherAly，whowasbrieflymarriedtoRitaHayworth，aHollywoodstar，andwasindeedatearaway.”可推测该词应是一个贬义词；他与好莱坞明星短暂的婚姻应该是用于说明他是tearaway的典型例证，最接近的意义是不负责任，行为鲁莽，答案为[B]。8、WhichofthefollowingaboutPrinceSadruddinisNOTtree?A、HewasdeterminedtohelprefugeewhenhestartedhisworkwithUN.B、Speakingseverallanguageswashelpfulinhisrefugeework.C、TheelderBushthoughthewasdifferentfromhiscloseAmericanfriends.D、Hewasmoreconcernedaboutpeoplethanart.标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。第三段中讲到能说几种语言使他找到了终身的事业，即改善世界难民境况的因素之一，由此排除[B]；第五段最后一句“MrBushfoundtheurbaneEuropeananagreeablecontrasttohisTexascircle…”，排除[C]；第四段讲述最初Sadrllddin是热衷于艺术收藏，关注努比亚雕像而作为颐问参与到联合国的工作中来，而后来他更关注因建坝而被迫流离失所的人。后来他开始从事有关难民的工作，排除[D]，答案为[A]。9、TheauthorislikelytoagreethatA、Sadruddinonlysoughtpleasureinhisearlylife.B、Sadruddin’sfatherdidn’tpassthecrowntohimbecauseofmisunderstanding.C、PrinceSadruddinalwayssupportedwesterncountriesratherthaneasterncountries.D、PrinceSadruddinachievedlittleasrefugeechiefofUN.标准答案：B知识点解析：态度题。第六段讲述他没能当选联合国秘书长是因为前苏联认为他亲西方。作者认为把Sadruddin说成英国间谍是无稽之谈。Sadrnddin坚持说hehadsympathieswifheasternandwesternpeoples，并将自己描述为acitizenoftheworld，作者认为这个描述是较好的描述(afairone)，由此可见，说Sadruddin倾向西方国家，作者不会同意，排除[C]；第六段中在讲到Sadruddin所做的难民工作时，作者指出“Hewasgoodatgettingriehcountriestobegenerous.Perhapsonlyarichmancanheasuccessfulbeggar.”这些都是肯定了Sadruddin作为联合国难民官员的成就，排除[D]；第三段讲述sadruddin的父亲为什么不传位于他，“Butfatherapparentlybelievedthathissonlivedonlyforpleasure.”而作者却说“Sadruddin’smuchpublicizedlifewithhisfirstwifeNina，amodel，mayhavemadeitseemso”。并接着引用Sadruddin本人的话，说明作者并不赞同其父亲的观点，认为是误解。后面又说他的父亲可能把他和他一个厅为鲁莽的同父异母的兄弟弄混了，更说明作者认为他父亲对他有误会。排除[A]，答案为[B]。10、ToPrinceSadruddin,whichofthefollowingwashisgreatestregret?A、NotbecomingtheleaderofShiaMuslinsect.B、ResettlementofthoseNubiansinEgypt.C、NotbecomingUN’ssecretarygeneral．D、Littleimprovementofthepoor’ssituationintheworld.标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。文章第三段明确指出没有继承王位是Sadruddin的第一个遗憾，第七段第一句指出，没有当选联合国秘书长是他的第二个遗憾；而更让他遗憾的是他感到为穷人做的事很少，在演讲中说到在80个国家人们收入比十年前还少，贫穷人口的数目非常区赶。第五段第一句中提到失去家园的努比亚人的安置问题也是有遗憾，但相比较而言，不能算最遗憾的。答案为[D]。专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷第2套一、常规阅读理解(本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。)IndiaisbeinginvadedbyKentuckyFriedChicken.That,atleast,wasthechargemadelastweekbyanationalistgroup,whichsoughttoshutdownthefast-foodchain'sfirstoutletinIndiaonthegroundthatAmerican"junkfood"isbeneathlocalhealthstandards.ButthecryoffowlplaywasnothingnexttotheoutragethatmanyIndiansfeltwhentheylearnedthatanotherUSmultinational,W.R.Grace&Co.,hadallegedlypatentedandclaimedrightstotheirreveredneemtree.KnowninSanskritasSarvaRogoNivarini,or"curerofallailments,"theso-calledmiracletreehasservedformillenniaasakindofcomerdrugstoretoruralIndians.Theneem'sleavesandbarkareusedtohealailmentsfromacnetoinfectionstodiabetes;itsseedscanbecomepesticides.Itstwigsevenmakeagoodrustictoothbrush.Asthenewsspread,dozensofgroupsheldseminarsandmeetingstoventtheirangeragainstW.R.Grace,theFlorida-basedchemicalsconglomerate."Patentingneemislikepatentingcowdung!"thunderedoneIndianparliamentarian,GeorgeFernades,thesourceofmuchoftheagitationwasJeremyRifkin,avocalUSopponentofgeneticengineering,andVandanaShiva,directorofIndia'sResearchFoundationforScience,TechnologyandNaturalResources.InWashington,theyandotherssubmittedapetitiontotheUSPatentandTrademarkOfficewithsome100,000signaturesaskingthatGrace'spatentbeoverturned.Rifkinassertedthatthecompany'shijackingoftheneemtree'schemicalproperties"isthefirstcaseofgeneticc01onialism."It'snofunbeingamultinationalcorporationinIndiathesedays.Afterfouryearsofrapid-firemarketopenings,thenationisundergoingaconvulsivebacklashagainstforeigners.Notcoincidentally,thisishappeningjustasIndiaisreachingrecordlevelsofforeigninvestment--$2billionalreadythisyear,doubletheamountin1994.LedbytheBharatiyaJanataPartyandothernationalistgroups,enemiesofPrimeMinisterRV.NarasimhaRao'sreformistadministrationarerallyingaroundaclassicIndianpoliticalbanner:xenophobia.LastmonthanewnationalistgovernmentintheindustrialstateofMaharashtrarenegedonacontractedsignedmorethanthreeyearsagowithEnronCorp.tobuildamajorpowerplantnearBombay.OtherprotestshavestruckIndianoperationsofMcDonald'sandPizzaHut.Manyforeigncompaniesinsisttheworld'slargestdemocracystillhastoomuchpotentialtopassup:FordMotorCo.,forexample,lastweekannouncedan$800millionplantobuildcarsinNashik.Butwithnationalelectionsjustsevenmonthsaway,thingsarelikelytogetmuchworsebeforetheyimprove.1、WhichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorthatmakesIndiansopposedtothepatentingoftheneemtree?A、Nationalism.B、Awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.C、Fearoftheneemtree.D、Hatredofforeigners.标准答案：A知识点解析：作者在文章中介绍了印度人强烈的民族主义意识，他们对外围公司把其神树neemtree注册成自己的专利感到非常气愤，正如Rifkin所说：外国公司把其神树注册成他们的专利，就是抢劫其神树，这是一种赤裸裸的殖民主义掠夺行为。由此可以看出，选项A为正确答案。2、Wemayunderstandfromtheendofthepassagethatmanyforeigncompaniesinsistthat______.A、IndiashouldnotgiveupopportunitiestodevelopitselfB、IndiahasagreatdealofpotentialtodevelopitseconomyC、thereisstillalotofpotentialforforeigninvestmenttoenterIndiaD、Indiaastheworld’slargestdemocracyshouldhavetheresponsibilitytoabsorbforeigninvestment标准答案：C知识点解析：该题属于推论题。在文章的最后一段，作者写道，许多外国公司依然认为印度这个大国对它们有很大的投资潜力，它们可以在该国赚更多的钱。利益的丰厚回报会让国外大公司不断进来找寻商机的。这是本段的中心内容。因此选项C为正确答案。当然，在离大选还有七个月的时间里，投资该国也不是没有风险，因为投资人对哪党哪派上台心中未有把握，对新政府的对外政策是否有变化也是心中无数，这也是外国公司所考虑的问题之一。尽管如此，投资人还是时刻觊觎有利商机的。3、Bythestatementthat"thenationisundergoingaconvulsivebacklashagainstforeigners",theauthorwantstoconvey______.A、theIndianshaveamixedfeelingaboutforeignersB、theIndiansbegintodislikeforeignersC、theIndiansopentheirarmstowelcomeforeignersD、theIndiansshuttheirdoorstoforeigners标准答案：B知识点解析：该题属于主旨题。在整篇文章中，作者都很明确地阐述了印度国人对外国公司的复杂心理，他们已经觉醒，他们大多数人对外国肆意掠夺其国有资产表示了不满。这是民族意识的觉醒，这是人们从盲目崇拜外国到合乎情理的欣赏，从盲目崇拜外国到有分寸地反对所必须经历的一个过程。外国公司把印度国宝注册为自己的专利，必然引起印度国人的反对，由此激起人们对外国人的普遍反感，也是可以理解的。据此分析，选项B应为正确答案。Awidelyheraldedbutstillexperimentalcancer-fightingcompoundmaybeusedsomedaytopreventtwoothermajorkillersofAmericans:heartdiseaseandstroke.ThatwastheimplicationofaremarkablereportpublishedlastweekinthejournalCirculationbyateamofresearchersfromDr.JudahFolkman'slaboratoryattheChildren'sHospitalinBoston.Theversatilecompoundisendostatin,ahumanproteinthatinhibitsangiogenesis,thegrowthofnewbloodvesselsinthebody.Intestsreportedin1997byFolkman,aprominentcancerresearcherwhopioneeredthestudyofangiogenesis,thedrughadreducedandeveneradicatedtumorsinlaboratorymice.How?Bystuntingthegrowthofcapillariesnecessaryfornourishingtheburgeoningmousetumors.WhennewsofFolkman'sachievementbecamewidelyknownlastyear,itledtowildlyexaggeratedpredictionsofimminentcancercures.Whenotherscientistswereinitiallyunabletoduplicatethoseresults,questionaroseaboutthevalidityoffolkman'sresearch.TheninFebruaryscientistsattheNationalCancerInstitute,withguidancefromFolkman,finallymatchedhisresults,reassured,theN.C.I.gavethego-aheadforclinicaltrialsofendostationlaterthisyearonpatientswithadvancedtumors.Howcanadrugthatisapparentlyeffectiveagainsttumorsalsoreducetheriskofheartattackandstroke?Theanswerliesinthecompositionofplaque,thefattydepositthatbuildsupinarteriesandcaneventuallyclogthem.Plaqueconsistsofamixofcholesterol,whitebloodcellsandsmoothmusclecells,andasitaccumulates,anetworkofcapillariessproutsfromthearterywallstonourishthecell.Couldendostatinhaltthegrowthofcapillariesandstarvetheplaque?AFolkmanlabteamledbyDr.KarenMoultondecidedtofindout.Thescientistsputbabylabmiceona16-week"westerndiet"thatwashighinfatandcholesterol,thenmeasuredtheplaquebuilduponthewallsofeachaorta,thelargearterythatcarriesbloodfromthehearttotherestofthebody.Meanwhile,theyinjectonegroupofmicewithendostatin,anotherwithadifferentblood-vesselinhibitorcallTNP-470andacontrolgroupwithaninertsalinesolution.Twentyweekslatertheresearchersagainmeasuredplagueinthemouseaortas.Theresultswerestartling:theendostatingroupaveraged85%lessplaquebuildupandtheTNP-470group70%lessthanthoseinthecontrolgroup.AlltooawareoftheprematurehopesraisedlastyearafterFolkman'stumorreport,theresearchershavebeencarefulnottooversellthenewresults."Ifthisfindingissupportedinfuturestudies,"saysMoulton,"(itcouldopenthewayfor)treatmentsthatcoulddelaytheprogressionofheartdiseaseandpossiblereducetheincidenceofheartattacksandstrokes."Butanysuchtreatments,shestresses,areprobablyfivetotenyearsaway.4、Whyaretheresearcherssocarefulaboutassessingtheresultsofthenewexperiment?A、Becausetheyhavenoideawhatthenewmedicinecando.B、Becausetheyonlywanttousethenewmedicineforcancertreatment.C、Becausetheyarenotquitesureabouttheefficacyofthenewmedicineforheartdisease.D、Becausetheydonotwanttoselltoomuchofthenewmedicine.标准答案：C知识点解析：该题属于推导题。作者在文章谈到新药对肿瘤和中风的功效，但对治疗心脏病却尚不能十分肯定。据此推论，选项C应为正确答案。5、Whatdoestheword"capillaries"inparagraph2mean?A、Oneoftheminutebloodvesselsthatconnectarterioles.B、Oneofthemainbloodvesselsthatconnectvenules.C、Oneofthemainbloodvesselsthatconnectarterioles.D、Oneoftheminutebloodvesselsthatconnectarteriolesandvenules.标准答案：D知识点解析：该题属于主旨理解题。作者在文章中使用了一些与心脏、血管等有关的专业词语，该处就是其中一个。Bystuntingthegrowthofcapillariesnecessaryfornourishingtheburgeoningmousetumors.作者在该段讲到研究人员通过在试验的mouse(鼠)身上注射一种药物，通过抑制血管扩张，把为鼠提供营养的血管抑制住，肿瘤就会得以延缓或停止生长。此处的capillaries就是人们平常所说自的minutebloodvessels。因此选项D应为正确答案。专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷第3套一、常规阅读理解(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)Storytellingisanancientandhonoredart.Storytellersentertainedduringthelongdarkhoursbeforesleeparrivedafterthesundisappearedoverthewesternhorizon.Butthestoryteller'sjobismorethanjustentertainment.Beforetheprintedpageappeared,storytellersprovidedculturalcontinuity,preservingthepasttoserveasguidethroughthefuture.Storytellerstoldtalesofheroestoprovidepositiveexamples,thelegendsthatheldthetribetogetherandprovideditsidentity,andthestoriesoffoolishorevilbeingstoremindyoungandoldthepenaltiesfornotlivingcorrectly.Evenbehaviortoohorribletospeakofdirectly,suchascannibalism,cowardiceordeath,couldbeexaminedthroughthemediationofastory.Eventoday,books,magazines,radio,televisionandmoviesstillhavenotreplacedthestoryteller.Noneofthesepermanent,reproduciblemediaareabletodeliverapersonal,individualizedmessagewiththeimpactofawelltoldstory.Whetherthepurposeofastoryistosetamood,toentertain,toteachalesson,toamuseortoscare,nothingworkslikeagoodstory,attherightmoment.Astorywithanobviousmessageconcerningtheresultsofanotherpersons'misbehaviorcandeliverawarninganddeterrentthatadirectconfrontationcannotproduceandthestorywilldosowithouthurtingegos.Apositiverelationshipcanbemaintainedand,sometimes,evenstrengthenedwhilestilldeliveringanunwelcomemessage.Thisisthepowerofthestoryteller.Noteverystorywillfiteverysituation.Thestorytellerneedstoselectastorywhichwillmeettheneedsofthesituationandthenthestorytellermusttailorthestorytofitthetimeavailable,theageoftheaudience,thelocationandthemooddesired.Agoodstorychoicewillcapturetheinterestoftheaudience.Audiencememberswillrelatetoalocation,experienceoremotionthattheyshareincommonwiththestorytellerandwillsuspenddisbelieflongenoughtobedrawnintothestoryasitunfolds.Goodstoriesbuildtoaclimaxwithabeginning,amiddleandanend.Theelementsofthestoryrevealedineachsectionwillleadtothenext.Predicamentsandsolutionswilldependonthedetailsofthestoryrevealedinanearliersection.However,betterstoriesmayaddatwisttomaketheendingunexpectedand,therefore,moreinteresting.Scarystoriesshouldbematchedtotheageoftheaudience.Alittlefeelingoffrightasthestoryistoldmaybebeneficialinlearninghowtodealwithscarythings,buttheuseoflingeringfearthatiscarriedawayfromthestoryissimplyterrorizingasusceptiblepersonandhelpsnoone.Itistheresponsibilityofthestorytellertodeterminewhatisappropriateandnottoabusetheaudience'sgoodfaith.Storiescancomefromnearlyanywhere.Folktales,myths,legends,history(especiallylocalhistory),Indianstories,adventureyarnsandotherstorytellersareallsourcesofinspiration.Ashortlistingofcollectedstoriesisappendedalongwithseveralexamplesofgoodstories.However,thebestsourcesofstoriesforgoodstorytellersaretheirownexperiences.Wheninspirationandopportunityunite,astoryisreadytobeborn.Nomatterwhatthesource,thebeststoriesarethoseofwhichthestorytellerhassomepersonalexperienceorknowledge.Thiscanbecombinedwithothersourcesandalittlepracticetoproducethetaletobetold.Whenpersonalexperienceisthebaseonwhichastoryisbuilt,thestorywill"ringtrue"totheaudienceandhaveagreatervitality.Adislikeofinsectscrawlingonyourskin,anencounterwithawildanimalorthememoryofaweirdnoiseexperiencedwhenyouwerehomealonecaneachprovidetheexperienceorfeelingthatwillformthebasisofastory.Theexperienceneedonlybeaweepartofthestory,butthatcanbeenough.Whenyouhavechosenasourcefromabookoranotherstoryteller,learnthestorythoroughlybeforegivingitpublicly.Donotmemorizethestory!Memorizetheoutlineandflowofthestory.Takespecialnoteofkeypoints,eventsandnamesthatthestoryhingeson.Alsonotewhereandhowtheyfitinthenarrative.Iftherearekeyphrasesmakesureyouanchortheminyourmemorysotheycomeoutnaturallywheretheyshould.Don'ttrytodeliverastoryverbatim;astoryshouldbetoldinyourownwords.Makethestoryapartofyouandthensharethatpartwithyouraudience.Livethestoryasyoutellit.Asyoucontinue,youwillfindthattellingastoryismorethanchoosingtherightwordstosay,anditalsoinvolvesestablishingyourpresence.Whenyouarethestoryteller,youareincontrol.Walkconfidentlyforwardtoyourplace,stand,pause,relax,gatheryourthoughtsandbecomepartofyourstoryasyoubuildanticipation,waitforquietandattention,andthenandonlythen,quietlystartyourstory.Trynottoexplainwhatyouareabouttodo,insteadchooseafirstsentencethatwillcapturetheaudience'sinterest.Speakslowlyinyournormalvoice,establishatempoandamo