重庆市某中学校2023-2024学年高一年级上册期中英语试卷

重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

Therearesomefoodsnamedafterrealpeopleoreventsandeachdishhasaunique

historybehinditsname.Herearesomeexamples.

KungPaochicken

DingBaozhen,a19th-centuryQingDynastyofficialandgovernorofSichuanProvince,

isthemanwhoinspiredthisdish.Thetitleoriginatesfrom'GongBao'whichtranslatesas

"PalaceGuardian9,hisofficialtitle.Thesweetandspicyfriedchickenandpeanutdish,

flavoredwithchiliesandSichuanpepper,issaidtohavebeenapersonalfavorite.

BeefWellington

Inthe1960s,beefWellingtonwasapopularchoiceonmenus.Whileifsnamedafterthe

DukeofWellington,aBritishmilitaryherowhodefeatedNapoleonattheBattleofWaterloo

inl815,thedishofmeatwrappedinbreadwasalreadycommonplace.ItsDuke-inspiredname

seemstohavebeenaddedlater.

Cappuccino

There?snotonepersonbehindthenamecappuccinobutawholegroup-theCapuchin.

Thebrowncoloroftheirrobesissaidtohaveinspiredcoffeemakersin19th-centuryVienna,

wheremilkwasfirstaddedtothedrink.However,itdidn'tgetitssignaturefoamy(泡沫的)

topuntillater,inItaly,whenespressomachineswereinvented.

Margheritapizza

Oneofthemoresimplepizzasbutonethatlasts,amargheritaisaclassicchoice.Apizza

basetoppedwithcheeseandtomato(thecolorsrepresenttheItalianflag),itwascreatedby

RaffaeleEsposito,theownerofapizzariainNaples,tocelebrateQueenMargherita'svisit

inl889.Itmayhaveexistedbefore,butthatiswhenitbecamepopular.

1.Whichdishisnameddifferentlyfromothers?

A.KungPaoChickenB.BeefWellington

C.CappuccinoD.MargheritaPizza

2.WhicheventisrelatedtotheMargheritapizza?

A.AmilitaryvictoryB.Aroyalvisit

C.AscientificdiscoveryD.Anarchitecturallandmark

3.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthispassage?

A.OnacuisinewebsiteB.Inascientificreport

C.OnatravelguideD.Inapersonaldiary

We'veseenthemonstageandonscreen.Wehaveenjoyedtheircomedy,dramaand

documentaries.Thebookstheywriteorillustratehavegivenmanyapleasurablehour.

However,Britain'sbest-knownactors,authorsandotherpublicfiguresarenowbeingseenin

averydifferentlight.Infact,aprojecthasturnedthemintodoodlers.

Sharonsawareportaboutacharitythatweregettingcelebritiestododoodlesandthen

sellofftheirartisticcreations.Shehadtheideaofadaptingthattobookmarksin2017.Sharon

reveals."Weweresittingaroundatabledecidingwhichauthorswemightwriteto."We

enclosedapieceofcard,astampedaddressedenvelopeandapoliterequestforthemtodoa

doodleonitandsenditback.^^

“Inthatfirstyearwegotaboutsixtyfromauthors,illustrators,theatreperformersand

othercelebrities,sheadds."Weauctioned（拍卖）thosefor£960.Alongwithotherfunds,we

wereabletobuyareadingscheme（计戈U）tohelpthechildrenlearnEnglish.99Firedupby

theirsuccess,Sharonandhercolleaguesthrewthemselvesintoitinfollowingyears.

Theprojecthasgrowngreatlyandisnowanannualexercise.Aswellastheletterwriting,

SharonincreasinglymakesapproachesviaTwitter,Instagramandagents.Thebookmarks

havegrowntoover500.Oneillustratorsentback13thisyear.Allareauctionedonline,and

Sharonandthegirlshavemanagedtoappealtosomemajornames.JoBrandhasbecomea

hugesupporter,drawingbookmarksfortheprojecteveryyearandsendingalovelynote,too.

Otherswhohavedoubtedtheirartistictalentshavesentsignedbooksandotheritems.The

amountsraisedeachyearhaverocketedfromjustunder£1,000atthebeginning,to£54,000

atpresent.

Sharonlovesgettinginvolvedwiththeletterwriting,aswellashearingofthedifference

theyaremakinginZimbabwe.tcTheresponsewe'vehadfromeveryoneoutthereisamazing.

“Youcanseethedifferencethemoneymakes.t4Thekidsaresittingatproperdesksthatdidn't

haveholesinthem."Thelivesofthekidsandtheteachershavebeenimprovedsomuch."It's

justlovelythatwecanseewhatoureffortsaredoing,9,shefinishes.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsreferto?

A.Writeletters.B.Signnames.

试卷第2页，共11页

C.Donatemoney.D.Drawcasually.

5.WhatprobablydoesJoBranddoforaliving?

A.Anillustrator.B.AteacherinZimbabwe.

C.Anagentofawriter.D.AcolleagueofSharon.

6.WhatmightbedonebytheprojectinZimbabwe?

A.ProvidebooksandteachthechildrenEnglish.

B.Designthebookmarksandsellthemtocelebrities.

C.Supporttheconstructionoftwonurseryclassrooms.

D.Writetoactorswhentheyareperformingintheatre.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Charityauction.B.ChangesinZimbabwe.

C.Sharonandherdoodles.D.Celebritybookmarks.

Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversaryofChina5sfirstmannedspacemission,withYang

LiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen,another19astronauts

havereachedforthestars.Theselectionofthefourthgenerationofastronautsbeganin2022

andisnowinfullswing.Expertsrevealedhowtoughthetrainingisbeforeastronautscanfly

tospace.

Thehumanbodyisnotdesignedforspacelife.Astronautsarefacedwithmultiple

challengesonaspacemission.Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.

Thesensationofconfinement（封闭）livinginasmallspacecraftformonthscandamagetheir

mentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolve

problemsunderhugepressure.Soifsnowonderthatastronautshavetomeetextremelyhigh

standardsandgothroughatoughtrainingprogram.

TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirmissionsandreturntoEarthsafely,

“Eighttypes,includingover200subjectsoftraining,wereset,“HuangWeifen,chiefdesigner

oftheastronautsystemforChina'smannedspaceproject,toldCCTVNews.Apartfrom

physicalfitnesstraining,italsoincludesbasicscientifictheories,psychologicalhealth,and

mock（模拟）missions.

Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Thistrainingis

designedforastronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentinspace.Accordingto

Huang,astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursata

time.Waterresistance（阻力）andtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting.t6NieHaisheng,

oneoftheastronauts,oncereportedatwo-kilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwater

trainingexercise,9,saidHuang.Eachastronautreceivestrainingforatleastthreeandahalf

yearsbeforehavingthechancetogotospace.

8.Whichoffollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Humanbodyisperfectforspaceexploration.

B.Thespacecrafthasenoughspaceforastronautstooperate.

C.Astronautsoughttocompletemissionsunderhugepressure.

D.Theisolatedconditioninspacebenefitspeople'smentalhealth.

9.HowmanygenerationsofChineseastronautshavebeensenttospace?

A.3B.4C.19D.20

10.WhydidHuangmentionNieHaisheng'stwo-kilogramweightloss?

A.Tostresshowchallengingthetrainingis.

B.TodescribeNie'spersonalachievements.

C.Tointroducetheweightlimitforastronauts.

D.Toexplaintheimportanceofpropertraining.

11.Whatdoesthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Microgravityenvironmentcausehealthproblems.

B.Astronautsneedtoughtrainingtomeetvariouschallenges.

C.Chinahascompletednumerousmissionsinspaceexploration.

D.Expertsrevealsthehighstandardsofselectionprocessofastronauts.

AlargeteamofresearcherscooperatedwithmultipleinstitutionsacrossEurope,has

foundevidencebackingupworkbyPersiDiaconisin2007inwhichhesuggestedtossed（掷）

coinsaremorelikelytolandonthesamesidetheystartedon,ratherthanonthereverse.The

teamconductedexperimentsdesignedtotesttherandomnessofcointossingandpostedtheir

resultsontheArxivPreprintServer.

Formanyyears,thecointosshasrepresentedafairwaytochoosebetweentwooptions

-whichsideofateamgoesfirst,forexample,whowinsatiedelection,orgetstoeatthelast

cookie.Overtheyears,manypeoplehavetestedtherandomnessofcointossingandmost

havefoundittobeasfairasexpected-providedafaircoinisused.But,PersiDiaconisnoted,

suchtestshaveonlytestedthepossibilitythatafaircoin,oncetossed,hasanequalchanceof

试卷第4页，共11页

landingonheadsortails.Theyhavenottestedthelikelihoodofafaircoinlandingwiththe

samesideupasthatwhenitwas.Hesuggestedthatacointossedintotheairspendsmore

timetherewithitsinitialsidefacingupmakingitmorelikelytoendupthatway,aswell.He

suggestedthatthedifferencewouldbeslight,however-just1%.Inthisneweffort,the

researchteamtestedDiaconis,ideas.

Theexperimentinvolved48peopletossingcoinsmadein46countriestopreventdesign

bias(偏见)foratotalof350,757cointosses.Eachtime,theparticipantsnotedwhetherthe

coinlandedwiththesamesideupaswhenitwaslaunched.Theresearchersfoundthat

Diaconiswasright-therewasaslightbias.Theyfoundthecoinlandedwiththesameside

upaswhenitwaslaunched50.8%ofthetime.Theyalsofoundtherewassomeslightchange

inpercentagesbetweendifferentindividualstossingcoins.

Theteamconcludesthatwhilethebiastheyfoundisslight,itcouldbemeaningfulif

multiplecointossesareusedtodetermineanoutcome-forexample,flippingaquarter

l,000timesandbetting$1eachtime(withwinningof0or2$eachround)shouldresultinan

averageoverallwinof$19.

12.Whyisthecointossoftenusedtomakedecisions?

A.Itcanhelppeoplewinanelection.

B.Itgiveseachsideanequalchanceofwinning.

C.Itseemsthequickestandeasiestwaytoreachadecision.

D.Itprovidesasenseofmysteryandexcitementforthoseinvolved.

13.WhatdidtheDiaconis'sresearchteamfindintheirexperiment?

A.Thecointossisafairprocess.B.Thecointossisabiasedprocess.

C.Thecointossisarandomprocess.D.Thecointossisanunpredictableprocess.

14.Howdidtheresearchteamgettheconclusionoftheexperiment?

A.Byanalyzingcollecteddata.B.Bycomparingdifferentfactors.

C.Bytrackingexperimentalprocess.D.Bymonitoringdifferentparticipants.

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Theresearchteamdidnotuserealcoinsintheirexperiment.

B.Cointossinghasbeenusedformanyyearstosettledisputes.

C.Theresearchteamfoundthecointossisfairerthanpreviouslythought.

D.Theauthordoesnotbelievethecointossisafairwaytomakedecisions.

二、七选五

PerformStand-upComedy

Stand-upisatypeofcomedyinwhichsomeoneperformsaseriesofjokesinfrontofa

liveaudience.Youcancreateastand-upcomedyacttoperformforfamilyandfriendsorata

schoolorcommunitytalentshow.16Herearesometipstohelpyougetstarted.

Writeyourmaterial.

Tobeginwritingjokes,startbrainstormingtopics.Manycomedianstalkabouttheir

personalexperiencesormakehumorousobservationsaboutpopulartopicslikesportsor

movies.17Forexample,yourfriendswouldprobablyunderstandyourfunny

observationsaboutmiddleschool,butyourfamilymaynot.Whenyouhaveanideaforajoke,

approachitlikewritingashortessay.Itshouldhaveabeginningthatattractsthelistener,

followedbyamiddlethatsetsupcharactersorprovidesinformationpeopleneedtoknowto

understandthejoke.

Pulleverythingtogether.

Onceyouhaveseveraljokeswritten,youcanaddthemtoastand-uproutine,calleda

“set”.Asetcanbeanywherefromafewminutestomorethananhour,butforbeginnersit's

besttokeepitshort.18Betweenjokes,includetransitionstohelplinkonestorytothe

next.Youshouldconcludewithastrong"closer”,onelastjokethatwillleaveyouraudience

laughing.

19

Onceyou'vecreatedyourset,ifstimetopractice.Youcanperforminfrontofamirror

orrecordyourselfandplayitback.Thiswillhelpyouseehowlongyoursetisandwhereyou

mightmakechange.Next,performinfrontofafriendorfamilymemberwhocanhelpyou

seewhatpeoplelaughatthemostortellyouifanyofyourjokesareconfusing.20

Whenyou'rereadytoperform,remembertotakeafewdeepbreaths.Thenrelax,be

yourself,andhavefun!

A.Planaperformance

B.Perfectyourroutine

C.Takenotesandmakechangesasnecessary.

D.Openyoursetwithajokethatwillgetyouraudiencelaughing.

E.Itcaneasilymeetwithafavourableresponsefromtheaudience.

试卷第6页，共11页

F.Thinkaboutwhoyouraudiencewillbeandwhatwillberelatabletothem.

G.Onceyoufeelcomfortablewithyourstand-upmaterial,ifstimetoperform!

三、完形填空

Oneday,JoyceChancellorpurchasedanolddiaryatauction.Shewas21to

researchthediarist,wonderinghowimportantthediarycouldbetohisorher22.

TheinsidefrontcoverhadthenameandaddressofMattieLeola.Thediarychronicled

（按事件发生用页序t己载）eventsinayoungprofessionalwoman'slifeoverafive-yearperiod,

includinghercollege23in1931,herfirstteachingpositionthenextyear,andher

otherexperiences.

24fromthediaryledChancellortodocumentsonwebsitesandChancellor

learnedthatMattiewasborntoacouplewhohadbeenenslaved.Yearslater,shewasmaking

25.Inthe1930s,MattiebecamethefirstAfricanAmericanwomantobeprincipalinthe

DetroitSchoolDistrict.t4Giventhefactofthepoliticalandgeneral26duringthattime

towardspeopleofcolor,Mattiedefiedtheodds（排除万难）Chancellorsays.

EventuallythediaryprovidedanimportantclueaboutMattie'spossible

descendants:an/a27thatsimplyread“Heaskedmeto28himtonight!,?

Census（人口普查）recordsledChancellortooneson,Robert.SearchesonGoogleandsocial

media29hisaddress-inArizona.

Afterseveral30,RobertfinallyrespondedtoaprivateFacebookmessagefrom

Chancellorandagreedtoa31.“IgaveRobertthediaryandshowedhimwherehis

fatherhadproposedtohismother,9,Chancellorrecalls.uHewentontotellmethatMattiehad

kept32,asanadult,buthehadneverseenonefrompriortohergettingmarried.He

was33.Lookingathim,onecouldtellhowmuchitmeanttohim.”

""ReturningthediarytoMattie5ssonwasa/an34experience,saysChancellor.

“Itwasanamazingjourneygettingtoknowher.Mattiemadeher35inthisworld,

andshewillnotbeforgotten.^^

21.A.attractedB.challengedC.assignedD.shocked

22.A.identityB.originC.familyD.ancestor

23.A.graduationB.admissionC.applicationD.employment

24.A.PicturesB.BackgroundsC.DatesD.Clues

25.A.mistakesB.historyC.moneyD.preparations

26.A.beliefB.climateC.recognitionD.support

27.A.lectureB.contextC.editionD.journal

28.A.forgiveB.inspireC.marryD.leave

29.A.locatedB.contactedC.changedD.delivered

30.A.attemptsB.movementsC.appointmentsD.events

31.A.dealB.callC.debateD.meetup

32.A.secretsB.diariesC.promisesD.records

33.A.touchedB.impressiveC.anxiousD.addicted

34.A.toughB.confusingC.rewardingD.awkward

35.A.solutionB.arrangementsC.effectD.mark

四、单项选择

36.Thebeautifulwaterfallishiddenfrombehindtrees,butyoucaneasilygetthere

followingthesoundofrunningwater.

A.sightB.sceneC.viewD.site

37.Whenthefingerprintsfoundatthecrimescenewiththoseofthesuspect,the

policesoonconfirmedhisinnocence.

A.compareB.comparingC.comparedD.tocompare

38.InnocountryFrance,asisoftensaid,canonetastesomanykindsofdelicious

cheese.

A.otherthanB.ratherthanC.wouldratherD.otherwise

39.Ifyoureallywantreadingtotoyourlife,ifstimeyoupickedupabook.

A.makeadifferenceB.makesenseC.makeit

D.makeyourway

40.Toomuchproteininthedietmaytheagingprocess.

A.reviseB.admireC.injureD.advance

41.Isthispark________youvisitedwhenyoucamehomelastyear?

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.theone

42.Withhiseyesonthescreen,hedidn'tnoticethecatrunoutoftheroom.

A.concentrationB.concentratingC.concentrateD.concentrated

试卷第8页，共11页

43.Ourschoolisnolongeritwas10yearsago,itwas

notwellequipped.

A.what;whichB.that;which

C.what;whenD.that;where

44.Nothinghehaddoneturnedouttobeuseful,?

A.hadn'theB.hadheC.diditD.didn'tit

45.Thistimenextweekthesnow,solefsgoskiingthisweekend.

A.meltsB.willbemeltingC.ismeltedD.hasbeenmelted

五、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

OldBuildingsacrossCityRevivedbyIndustryParks

TheLongfuTemplecommunityinBeijing,aboomingcommercialcenterdatingback

sixcenturies,hasbecomeatrendyspotforyoungpeopletovisitexhibitions,bookstoresand

enjoycoffee.Itisoneofthetraditional46(landmark)intheChinesecapitalto

undergotransformation,adopting47modernizedandtechnologicallook,and48

(gain)anewlife.

LongfuTemple,builtintheMingDynasty,was49(historic)thecorecommercial

districtofthecapital.Inrecentyears,throughthepreservationofitsappearanceandurban

renewal,LongfuTemple50(consider)asanimportantpartoftheculturalbeltinthe

nearbyForbiddenCity.

JintaiShareSpaceCulturalBellTowerwasunveiledasacharacteristicculturalindustry

parkandalsoasayoungcreativelifestyleservicecommunity,51culturalandcreative

workshopsand52(share)officesaregathered,unlockinganewmaptoexplore

Beijing'smodemculture.

Inadditiontoexpandingandstrengtheningculturalindustryparks,Beijingaimsto

becomethecapitalofperformingartstodrivethe53(grow)oftheculturalsector.

Many