江西省上饶市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末教学质量测试试题含解析

PAGE28-江西省上饶市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末教学质量测试试题（含解析）考生留意:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名,准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案必需在答题卡上完成，答案在本试卷上无效。4.总分为150分，考试时间为2小时。第Ⅰ卷选择题（共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthebusstation?A.It’sontherightsideofthestreet.B.It’stwoblocksdownthestreet.C.It’snearthepostoffice.2.Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?A.Arepairman.B.Amanager.C.Asalesman.3.Whatisthewoman’sadvantagetodothejob?A.SheisstrongenoughforthejobB.Shehasworkexperience.C.Shehasalotofkids.4.Whoistheman?A.Apoliceman.B.Thewoman’sboss.C.Thewoman’shusband.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedoesn’tagreewiththewoman.B.Hegetshighmarksatschool.C.Hewantstoreadmorebooks.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodecorate?A.Aschoolhall.B.Theirhome.C.Aclassroom.7.WheredoesthemansuggestplacingtheChristmastree?A.Ontherightoftheentrance.B.Ontheleftoftheentrance.C.Farfromtheentrance.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。8.WhatiswrongwithDick?A.HeeatstoomuchjunkfoodB.Hehasseriousheartdisease.C.HewatchesTVwhileeating9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofadvertisements?A.Theycanchangepeople’sattitudeovernight.B.Theygraduallychangepeople’sattitude.C.Theydon’thaveanyeffectonpeople.10.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Informtheirsonofhispotentialhealthproblem.B.Telltheirsontoeatwhathewatches.C.StoptheirsonwatchingTV.听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toaskhimtomakewayforher.B.Tomakefriendswithhim.C.Tochangeseatswithhim.12.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Givehimapieceofgum.B.Lendhimanewspaper.C.LendhimherCD.13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Onatrain.C.Onaplane听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.holidayplan.B.Alongtrip.C.Abigfamily15.Howwillthewomantravel?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane16.WheredoesTomlive?A.InMontreal.B.OntheEastCoast.C.OntheWestCoast17.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanfailedtogetaflightticket.B.Themanlivesfarfromhisparents.C.Thewomanlikesgoinghome.听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。18.Whatcanwelearnfromthespeaker?A.KissingisgoodmannersintheUS.B.TherearerulesforkissingintheUS.C.KissingisforbiddenintheUSschools.19.Whatistherelationshipbetweentheboyandthegirl?A.Brotherandsister.B.Strangers.C.Classmates.20.Whywastheboypunished?A.Hebrokehisfamilyrules.B.Hebroketheschoolrules.C.HebroketheAmericanlaw.其次部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUseyourAmericanExpressCardtoenjoyaone-dayvisittoanyoneofAmerica’sgreatestmuseumsbelow,andyouwillnotwanttomisstheirexcitingspecialexhibitions.CityMuseumExhibitiontimeActivityWebsiteBostonIsabellaStewartGardnerMuseumFebruary11--May8,2017ItalianfurnitureexpertFaustoCalderaiandIndianphotographerDayanitaSinghpresentanexhibitionofchairsfromthemuseum’scollectionand“chairphotographs”fromaroundtheworld.TheyarepresentedinaVenetian-stylehallhousingworld-famousNewYorkTheNoguchiMuseumMay1--December1,2017Noguchi’slong-termco-workwithdancerMarthaGrahamisregardedbymanyasahighpointinthehistoryofbothmoderndanceandart.Theexhibitionhighlightsnineofthesetscreatedthroughthisco-work.Formoreinformation→PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaAcademyoftheFineArtsJanuary11--April10,2017Foundedin1805,thePennsylvaniaAcademyhasbeenhometoAmerica’sartistsformorethan200years.TheAcademycollectsandexhibitsagreatnumberofworksoffamousAmericanartists,anditisalsowell-knownfortrainingfineartists.pafA.orgSeattleSeattleMuseumofGlassMarch7-May7,2017Thisexhibitionincludesover200piecesofbeautifulglassfromMurano,theislandofglass-blowersnearVenice,Italy.Watchliveglass-blowingshowsintheHotShopandseeothermodernglass1.Whichofthefollowingwebsitesoffersinformationaboutthefurnitureshow?A. B.C.pafA.org D.2.WhoisMarthaGraham?A.aglassblower B.aphotographerC.adancer D.apainter3.WhichmuseumshouldyouvisitifyouwanttoknowthehistoryofAmericanpaiting?A.PennsylvaniaAcademyoftheFineArts B.TheNoguchiMuseumC.IsabellaStewartGardnerMuseum D.SeattleMuseumofGlass【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最好的四大博物馆的相关信息。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据表格其次行第四列的“ItalianfurnitureexpertFaustoCalderaiandIndianphotographerDayanitaSinghpresentanexhibitionofchairsfromthemuseum’scollectionand“chairphotographs”fromaroundtheworld.”可知，在波士顿博物馆有家具展览，对应的网址为。故选B项。【2题详解】推理推断题。依据表格第三行第四列的“Noguchi’slong-termco-workwithdancerMarthaGrahamisregardedbymanyasahighpointinthehistoryofbothmoderndanceandart.(Noguchi与舞蹈家玛莎·格雷厄姆的长期合作被很多人认为是现代舞蹈和艺术史上的一个高点。)”可知，MarthaGraham是一位舞蹈家。故选C项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据表格第四行第四列的“TheAcademycollectsandexhibitsagreatnumberofworksoffamousAmericanartists,anditisalsowell-knownfortrainingfineartists.”可知，PennsylvaniaAcademyoftheFineArt收录了很多美国美术家的美术作，所以在这个博物馆可以了解到美国的美术史。故选A项。【点睛】BAbout97%oftheworld'swaterissaltyandisfoundinouroceansandseas.But，aswecan'tdrinkseawater，howcanitbeimportant?Everypartofourseasandoceanscontainsanamazingnumberofanimalsthatliveatdifferentoceandepths.Mostofthedifferentspeciesofanimalsandfishdependonsimpleplantsfortheirfood.Thesesimpleplantscalledalgae(海藻)driftnearthesurfaceoftheoceanandusesunlighttoturncarbondioxideandwaterintofoodandoxygen.Infact，algaeproduceoverhalfoftheoxygenpeoplebreathe.Howimportantseawateris!Eachplantoranimalinourseasandoceansisanimportantlinkinafoodchain.Thealgaeareeateninlargeamountsbymicroscopic(微小的)animals，whichareinturnconsumedbylargeranimals.Thesefoodchainsaredelicatelybalanced.Thebadnewsaboutthefoodchainsintheoceansisthattheyareunderthreatbecauseofman，Peopleoncethoughtthattheoceansweresobigthatitdidn'tmatterifwedumpedrubbishintothemorcaughthugequantitiesoffishandwhalesforfood.Butwenowknowthisisnottrueandfishstocksintheoceanshavestartedtodrop.Thankfully，theworldistakingstepstoprotectthefutureofouroceansbyintroducinginternationalagreementstoprotectmarinehabitats(海疆)．Mostcountrieshaveintroducedfishingrestrictionstoprotectfishstocksintheoceansandnewtechniquesarebeingpioneered(提倡)tocopewithpollution.Finally，theimportanceofprotectingoceansisbeingmadeknowntomorepeople.Thisisjustthebeginningofalongprocesstoprotecttheoceansforourfuture.Wedependontheoceansforfishwhichareanimportantpartofthehumandiet.Howimportantseawateris!4.Whichofthefollowingistheproperorderofthefoodchain？A.smallanimals→algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→manB.algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→largeranimals→manC.smallanimals→algae→largeanimals→microscopicanimals→manD.microscopicanimals→algae→largeanimals→largeranimals→man5.Peopleusedtothinkthattherubbishthrownintothesea____.A.wouldn'tharmthefishintheseaB.wouldchangethebalanceofthefoodchainC.wouldbebrokendownintheseaD.wouldn'tdomuchharmtothesea6.Fromthepassage，welearnthat____.A.mostfishandseaanimalsliveatthesurfaceoftheseasB.itisverydifficulttobreakthebalanceofafoodchainC.excessivefishinghascausedthedecreaseinfishstocksD.itwon'tbelongbeforetheproblemsconcerningoceansaresolved7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaybeingusedtoprotecttheoceans？A.Theuseofinternationalagreements.B.Forbiddingfishingtoprotectfishstocks.C.Theuseofnewtechniques.D.Raisingpeople'sawarenessofprotectingtheoceans.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述的海洋以及海水对人类的重要性，同时也描述了海洋的现状以及人们为了爱护海洋所做的努力。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段Eachplantoranimalinourseasandoceansisanimportantlinkinafoodchain.Thealgaeareeateninlargeamountsbymicroscopic(微小的)animals，whichareinturnconsumedbylargeranimals.Thesefoodchainsaredelicatelybalanced.可知，下列B项是食物链的正确依次。故选B。【5题详解】细微环节题。依据文章第四段前三行Peopleoncethoughtthattheoceansweresobigthatitdidn'tmatterifwedumpedrubbishintothemorcaughthugequantitiesoffishandwhalesforfood.可知以前人们认为向海洋里扔垃圾是没有关系的，故D正确。【6题详解】细微环节题。依据文章第四段最终一句Butwenowknowthisisnottrueandfishstocksintheoceanshavestartedtodrop.可知现在人们已经知道过度捕捞让海洋里的鱼变少了。故C正确。【7题详解】细微环节题。依据文章最终一段Thankfully,theworldistakingstepstoprotectthefutureofouroceansbyintroducinginternationalagreementstoprotectmarinehabitats.Mostcountrieshaveintroducedfishingrestrictionstoprotectfishstocksintheoceansandnewtechniquesarebeingpioneeredtocopewithpollution.Finally,theimportanceofprotectingoceansisbeingmadeknowntomorepeople.Thisisjustthebeginningofalongprocesstoprotecttheoceansforourfuture.Wedependontheoceansforfishwhichareanimportantpartofthehumandiet.Howimportantseawateris!可知ACD三项都是本文所讲解并描述的爱护海洋的方法。B项文章没有提及。故选B。CHaveyoueverstayedinahotel?MostChinesehotelsoftenprovideguestswiththingslikedisposable(一次性的)toothbrushes,toothpaste,shampooandslippers.Manyguestsliketheideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.But,ifyoutraveltoBeijing,remembertobringyourownthings.StartingfromJune,somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswiththesedisposables.Theywanttoaskpeopletouselessdisposablethings.Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.Peoplethrowthemawayafteronlyusingthemonce.Itisawasteofnaturalresourcesandisverybadfortheenvironment.Doyouknow,oneChinesepersonmakesasmuchas400kgofwasteayear!Mostofthatwastecomesfromdisposablethings.InBeijing,peoplethrowawayabout19,000tonsofplasticbagsand1,320tonsofplasticlunchbowlseveryyear!Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.Sothelessplasticwethrowout,thebetter.So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsandusethemagainandagain.Backathomeandschool,youcanalsodosomethingtomakeourworldabetterplace.Trytodothesethingsinyourdailylife:Useclothshoppingbags,notplasticones.Afterusingaplasticbag,washitoutandletitdry.Thenyoucanuseitoverandoveragain.Donotusepapercups.Atyourschoolcanteen,useyourownbowlandchopsticksinsteadofdisposableones.8.Whydomanyhotelsprovideguestswithsomedisposablethings?A.Wishtheirgueststosavemoney.B.Hopetheirguestsuselessdisposablethings.C.Wanttheirgueststousemoredisposablethings.D.Lettheirguestsbeconvenientduringtheirtravelling.9.SomeBeijinghotelswillnolongerprovideguestswith________.A.disposablethings B.cheapfoodanddrinksC.goodservice D.freeTVprogrammes10.WhatkindofwritingskillisusedinParagraph3?A.Makingcontrast. B.Citingnumbers. C.Givingexamples. D.Tellingastory.11.Whatcanwedotomakeourworldabetterplaceathomeandschool?A.Useshoppingbagsmadeofplastic.B.Donotthrowawaypapercups.C.Usedisposableplatesbowlsandchopsticks.D.Donotforgettoreusedailynecessities(日用品).【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍现在你去北京旅行要自己带洗漱用品，因为从六月起先，一些酒店不再供应这些一次性用品。每年因为这样一个人能够产生400千克的垃圾。因此无论你是在家还是在学校，你都不要运用塑料袋，纸杯，筷子等一次性用品．削减垃圾爱护环境。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。由其次段“Manyguestsliketheideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown”可知，很多客人喜爱这个办法，因为他们不必带他们自己的洗漱用品。所以为什么很多酒店会给客人供应一次性用品是让他们的客人在旅行时感到便利。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。由其次段“somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswiththesedisposables”可知，在北京的一些酒店将不再为客人供应这些一次性用品。故选A。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段oneChinesepersonmakesasmuchas400kgofwasteayear!

（一个中国人每年制造多达400公斤的垃圾!），peoplethrowawayabout19,000tonsofplasticbagsand1,320tonsofplasticlunchbowlseveryyear!

（人们每年扔掉大约19000吨的塑料袋和1320吨的塑料午餐碗!）和Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.

（塑料须要100到400年的时间才能分解。）可知，第三段通过引用数字来讲解并描述本段内容的。故选B。【11题详解】细微环节理解题。由第四段“Trytodothesethingsinyourdailylife:Useclothshoppingbags,notplasticones.Afterusingaplasticbag,washitoutandletitdry.Thenyoucanuseitoverandoveragain.Donotusepapercups.Atyourschoolcanteen,useyourownbowlandchopsticksinsteadofdisposableones.”可知，试着在日常生活中做这些事情：用布购物袋，不要用塑料袋，用塑料袋后，把它洗干净再晾干，然后你可以一次又一次地运用它．不要再用纸杯，在学校食堂，用自己的碗和筷子代替一次性碗筷。所以我们可以不要遗忘重复运用日常必需品，这会使我们的家庭和学校变得更好。故选D。DTheAmericandreamisthefaithheldbymanypeopleintheUnitedStatesofAmericathatthroughhardwork,courage,creativityanddetermination,theycanachieveabetterlifeforthemselves.Morespecifically,theyagreeonhowtogetaheadinAmerica:getacollegeeducation,findareliablejob,andbuytheirownhouse.ButdoAmericansstillbelieveinthatpath,andiftheydo,isitattainable?ThemostrecentNationalJournalpoll(民意测验，投票)askedparticipantsabouttheAmericandream,whatittakestoachievetheirgoal,andwhetherornottheyfeltthecontrolovertheirabilitytobesuccessful.Obviously,theresultsshowthattoday,theideaoftheAmericandreamandwhatittakestoachieveitlooksquitedifferentfromitdidinthelate20thcentury.Onthewhole,peoplefeltthattheiractionsandhardwork—notoutsideforces—werethedecidingfactorsinhowtheirlivesturnedout.Buttheparticipantshaddefinitelymixedfeelingsaboutwhatactionsmakeforabetterlifeinthecurrenteconomy.Inthelastsevenyears,Americanshavegrownmorepessimisticaboutthepowerofeducationtoleadtosuccess.Eventhoughtheyseegoingtocollegeasafairlyachievablegoal,amajority52percentthinkthatyoungpeopledonotneeda4-yearcollegeeducationinordertobesuccessful.MiguelMaeda,42,whohasamaster’sdegreeandworksinpublichealth,wasthefirstinhisfamilytogotocollege,whichhasallowedhimtoachieveasenseoffinancialstabilityhisparentsandgrandparentsneverdid.Whilesome,likeMaeda,emphasizedthevalueofadegreeratherthantheeducationitself,othersstillseecollegeasawaytogainnewviewpointsandlifeexperiences.Sixty-year-oldWillFendley,whohadasuccessfulcareerinthemilitaryandneverearnedacollegedegree,think“personaldrive”isfarmoreimportantthanjustgotocollege.ToFendley,asenseofdriveandpurpose,aswellasaneffectivehigh-schooleducation,andbasiclifeskills,likebalancingacheckbook(支票簿),arethenecessaryelementsforasuccessfullifeinAmerica.12.What’sthefindingsofthelastestNationalJournalsurveyintermsofAmericandream?A.MoreandmoreAmericansarefindingithardtorealize.B.ItremainsaliveamongthemajorityofAmericanpeople.C.Americans’ideaofithaschangedoverthepastfewdecades.D.AnincreasingnumberofyoungAmericansareabandoningit.13.SomeAmericansnowhaveapessimisticviewthatcollegeeducation________.A.isagoaldifficulttoachieveB.stillremainsopentodebate.C.isnecessarytoachievesuccessD.isnolongerasimportantasitusedtobe14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.WhichpersonhasrealizedhisAmericandreamB.WhohasabetterviewabouttheAmericandreamC.BasiclifeskillsarenecessaryforsuccessinAmericaD.Viewsabouttheroleofcollegeeducationinachievingsuccess15.What’stheauthor’sattitudeasthepassage'stopicisconcerned?A.Indifferent. B.optimistic. C.Pessimistic. D.Objective.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。《国家期刊》最近进行的一项民意调查询问了受访者的美国梦、实现目标须要什么，以及他们是否觉得自己有实力取得胜利。明显，探讨结果表明，今日的美国梦及其实现方式与20世纪末的美国梦大相径庭。总的来说，人们觉得他们的行为和努力工作——而不是外部力气——才是确定他们生活结果的因素。但对于在当前经济环境下，什么样的行动才能让生活更美妙，参与者们的感受喜忧参半。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段其次句Obviously,theresultsshowthattoday,theideaoftheAmericandreamandwhatittakestoachieveitlooksquitedifferentfromitdidinthelate20thcentury.（明显，探讨结果表明，今日的美国梦及其实现方式与20世纪末的美国梦大相径庭。）可知，这一结果表明美国人对美国梦的看法在过去的数十年里已经变更了。故选C。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段Eventhoughtheyseegoingtocollegeasafairlyachievablegoal,amajority52percentthinkthatyoungpeopledonotneeda4-yearcollegeeducationinordertobesuccessful.（尽管他们认为上高校是一个相当可以实现的目标，但大多数52%的人认为年轻人不须要接受4年的高校教化才能胜利。）可知，一些美国人现在悲观地认为高校教化不再像以前那么重要了。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。依据最终一段Whilesome,likeMaeda,emphasizedthevalueofadegreeratherthantheeducationitself,othersstillseecollegeasawaytogainnewviewpointsandlifeexperiences.（虽然有些人，如Maeda，强调学位的价值，而不是教化本身，其他人仍旧认为高校是获得新观点和生活阅历的一种途径。）和ToFendley,asenseofdriveandpurpose,aswellasaneffectivehigh-schooleducation,andbasiclifeskills,likebalancingacheckbook(支票簿),arethenecessaryelementsforasuccessfullifeinAmerica.（对Fendley来说，动力和使命感，有效的中学教化，基本的生活技能，比如平衡支票簿，是在美国胜利生活的必要元素。）可知，本段主要讲解并描述了高校教化在胜利中的作用。故选D。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段第一句TheAmericandreamisthefaithheldbymanypeopleintheUnitedStatesofAmericathatthroughhardwork,courage…（美国梦是美利坚合众国很多人的信念，即通过努力工作、志气、创建力和决心，他们可以让自己过上更好的生活。）其次段第一句ThemostrecentNationalJournalpoll(民意测验，投票)askedparticipantsabouttheAmericandream…（《国家杂志》最近的民意调查询问了参与者关于美国梦的问题，实现目标须要什么，以及他们是否能掌控自己的胜利实力。）可知，本文作者只是介绍了一些关于美国梦的事实，所以作者的看法是客观的。故选D。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sincetheendof2024,aterriblediseasehasbeenspreadingallovertheworld.It’scausedbyavirusthathasnotbeenfoundbeforeinhumans.____16____.Whatarethesymptoms?Thevirusisfromafamilycalledthecoronaviruses.Thesymptomsofthisillnessareprettyordinaryonthefaceofit:it’sdrycough,feverandthenbreathingproblems.____17____.However,asforthemoreseverecases,peoplehavegoneontodevelopviral(病毒性的)pneumonia,andallthedeathshavebeenamongthosepeople.Whodoesthisvirusattack?Aswecansee,olderpeopleareendingupinhospitalwiththevirus.Mostoftheaffectedpeopleareusuallyover40yearsold.____18____Basicallytheirimmune(免疫)systemsarenotverystrong,andthey’regoingtofinditveryhardtofightoffavirus.____19____.We’veonlyjustdiscoveredthatthenewcoronavirusisactuallyspreadfromonepersontoanother.Itwashopedatfirstactuallythatitjustcamefromanimalsasallcoronavirusesdo.____20____.A.Howisthisvirusspread?B.Itseemsquitemildinlotsofpeople.C.Thosewhohavediedtendactuallytohaveotherdiseasesalready.D.Peopleaffectedbyviralpneumoniawilldie.E.Signsofthevirusmayappearbetween2and14daysafterbeingnearsomeonewhoisaffected.F.Sothediseaseiscalleda"novel"ornewvirus.G.Nowithasbeenconfirmedthatitisactuallypassedfromonepersontoanother,however.【答案】16.D17.B18.E19.A20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠病毒的症状，传播方式和易感人群。【16题详解】依据空前It’scausedbyavirusthathasnotbeenfoundbeforeinhumans.

可知，这是由一种以前在人类身上未发觉的病毒引起的。由此可知，空处谈论的是这种病毒带来的危害；结合选项可知，选项D.Peopleaffectedbyviralpneumoniawilldie.感染病毒性肺炎的人会死亡，与前文呼应，符合题意。故选D。【17题详解】依据空后

However,asforthemoreseverecases,peoplehavegoneontodevelopviral(病毒性的)pneumonia,andallthedeathshavebeenamongthosepeople.（然而，对于更严峻的病例，人们会发展成病毒性肺炎，全部的死亡都发生在这些人中。）可知，空处谈论的是这种肺炎稍微的表现；结合选项可知，选项B.Itseemsquitemildinlotsofpeople.很多人的症状好像都很稍微，此处的mild与后一句severe对应，切题。故选B。【18题详解】依据空前Mostoftheaffectedpeopleareusuallyover40yearsold.

（大多数受影响的人通常超过40岁。）和后文

Basicallytheirimmune(免疫)systemsarenotverystrong,andthey’regoingtofinditveryhardtofightoffavirus.（基本上，它们的免疫系统不是很强大，它们会发觉很难对抗病毒。）可知，空处谈论的是人们何时会感染上病毒；结合选项可知，选项E.Signsofthevirusmayappearbetween2and14daysafterbeingnearsomeonewhoisaffected.病毒的迹象可能出现在靠近受感染者2到14天后，承接上下文，符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】空处是本段的主旨句，依据空后We’veonlyjustdiscoveredthatthenewcoronavirusisactuallyspreadfromonepersontoanother.

（我们刚刚发觉新的冠状病毒事实上是从一个人传播到另一个人。）可知，本段主要介绍了新冠病毒的传播方式；结合选项可知，选项A.Howisthisvirusspread?这种病毒是如何传播的？，能够概括本段大意，符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】依据空前Itwashopedatfirstactuallythatitjustcamefromanimalsasallcoronavirusesdo.（起初人们希望它只是像全部的冠状病毒一样来自动物。）可知，空处谈论这种新病毒名字的来历；结合选项可知，选项F.Sothediseaseiscalleda"novel"ornewvirus.所以这种疾病被称为“新”病毒，承接上一句，符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Maggie,mygranddaughter,wasmovingintoherfirstapartment.Shehadcomebyto____21____Grandma’scontributionstoher____22____,amongwhichtherewasaspecialgift.Iwasalittle____23____.abouthowMaggiewouldreceiveit.Itwas,afterall,oldandused.Sheunwrappedthepackageand____24____thecup.“Grandma,it’sbeautiful.”shesaid.Seeingthecracksandthehandlegluedon,sheadded,”Butit’s____25____.”“No,honey,it’smended,”Isaid.ThenItoldherthecup’s____26____.Thecupwasgiventomebymydearestfriend,Dianne.____27____whenweusedtoplayteapartywhenyouwerelittle?MyfriendandIwould____28____teatimesjustlikethat.We’dgettogethertotalkoverteaaboutjoysandchallengeslifehad____29____uswith.Theteacuphas____30____manystoriesandsecrets.Womenthenwenttooneanotherwiththeir____31____.ThereweremanymorningswhenIranuptoherhouseinmyrobeandslippers,andwe’dsitbythefiresideandsipourtea.Diannewouldlistenandofferedme___32___whenIhadaproblem.Andshewouldcometomeinthe____33____way.Eventually,Diannemovedaway,butIkeptmyteacupandwould____34____herwheneverIusedit.ThenIsoldmyhouse,andwhile____35____,Idroppedmyspecialcup.Ididthebesttoputittogether.Thecupwasno___36___thesame,butIrealizeditreallydidn’t____37____.Thoughitnolongerholdsliquid,itisfilledwithsweet___38___.“I’dlikeyoutohaveit.”“Thankyou,Grandma.”Iknewmyspecialteacupwasingoodhands--andthatitwasthe___39___giftforagranddaughter____40____onherownjourney.21.A.require B.collect C.organize D.replace22.A.construction B.design C.convenience D.furniture23.A.confident B.certain C.anxious D.curious24.A.staredat B.tookapart C.cameacross D.dealtwith25.A.messy B.attractive C.shallow D.broken26.A.record B.quality C.history D.function27.A.Remember B.Doubt C.Wonder D.Imagine28.A.spare B.afford C.suggest D.share29.A.impressed B.equipped C.presented D.supplied30.A.stolen B.heard C.created D.hidden31.A.problems B.arguments C.achievements D.chances32.A.independence B.judgment C.explanation D.comfort33.A.ordinary B.same C.awkward D.particular34.A.callon B.dependon C.thinkof D.carefor35.A.bargaining B.packing C.hesitating D.decorating36.A.longer B.more C.way D.doubt37.A.matter B.match C.work D.conflict38.A.dreams B.burdens C.memories D.expressions39.A.familiar B.standard C.delicate D.perfect40.A.showingoff B.startingout C.turningaround D.speedingup【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.B36.A37.A38.C39.D40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了一个与杯子有关的故事，这个杯子见证了作者和最好挚友Dianne之间的友情，是一个装满了甜蜜记忆的特殊杯子，作者把这个杯子作为孙女起先人生新旅途的礼物。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她过来收她奶奶给她的家具。A.require要求；B.collect收集；C.organize组织；D.replace代替。依据前文“Maggie,mygranddaughter,wasmovingintoherfirstapartment.”可知，作者的孙女要搬进她自己的第一套公寓了，可推断她是去作者那儿整理东西。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她过来收她外婆给她的家具。A.construction建立；B.design设计；C.convenience便利；D.furniture家具。依据前文“Maggie,mygranddaughter,wasmovingintoherfirstapartment.”可知，作者的孙女要搬进她自己的第一套公寓了，新家须要放置家具，可推断作者帮孙女打算了一些家具。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有点迫切想知道Maggie收到这个礼物会是怎样的反应。A.confident自信的；B.certain确定的；C.anxious迫切的，着急的；D.curious新奇的。依据后文“Itwas,afterall,oldandused.”可知，这个东西很旧而且被用过，所以可推断作者迫切想知道孙女收到这样一个礼物的反应。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她打开包装，看着那个杯子。A.staredat看着；B.tookapart拆解；C.cameacross偶然遇见；D.dealtwith处理。依据后文“Seeingthecracksandthehandlegluedon”可知，作者的孙女在拆开包装之后看着杯子才发觉了杯子的裂痕。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是它破了。A.messy凌乱的；B.attractive吸引人的；C.shallow浅的；D.broken裂开的。依据前文“Seeingthecracksandthehandlegluedon”可知，杯子上面有裂痕和胶水，可见杯子是破的。故选D项。26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我告知她杯子的历史。A.record记录；B.quality质量；C.history历史；D.function功能。依据后文的内容可知，作者叙述了杯子的故事，也就是杯子的历史。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：还记得你小时候我们常常去的茶话会吗？A.Remember记得；B.Doubt怀疑；C.Wonder想知道；D.Imagine想象。依据语境可知，作者在讲解并描述以前的事情，所以可推断作者问孙女记不记得过去的事情。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挚友和我就是像那样一起度过茶话会的时间。A.spare挤出；B.afford买得起；C.suggest建议；D.share共享。依据后文“We’dgettogethertotalkoverteaaboutjoysandchallenges”可知，作者和挚友在茶话会上很开心，可推断她们共享那段快乐的时间。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们聚在一起谈论茶以及生活赐予我们的快乐和挑战。A.impressed使……印象深刻；B.equipped装备；C.presented授予，呈现；D.supplied供应。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，lifehad9uswith.修饰前面的名词joys和challenges，不管是快乐还是挑战都是生活赐予我们的，此处考查了presentsbwithsth结构，意为“赐予某人某物”。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个茶杯听到了很多故事和隐私。A.stolen偷窃；B.heard听到；C.created创建；D.hidden隐藏。依据前文的描述可知，作者和挚友在茶话会的时候谈论生活中的快乐和挑战，而这个杯子始终跟她们在一起，故而这个杯子“听见”了很多故事和隐私，此处运用了拟人的表达手法。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们相互带着自己的问题去找对方。A.problems问题；B.arguments争辩；C.achievements成就；D.chances机会。依据后文“Diannewouldlistenandofferedme12whenIhadaproblem.”可知，作者那个时候和挚友常常相互沟通自己遇到的问题。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到问题的时候，Dianne会仔细倾听我的问题然后给我劝慰。A.independence独立；B.judgment推断；C.explanation说明；D.comfort劝慰。依据语境可知，在作者遇到问题的时候，作为挚友的Dianne会作为倾听者赐予作者劝慰。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她也会以相同的方式来向我求助。A.ordinary一般的；B.same相同的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.particular特殊的。依据语境可知，作者和Dianne之间是密切的挚友关系，两个人在对方遇到问题的时候会相互帮助相互劝慰，所以可推断Dianne会像作者向她求助一样，在须要的时候向作者求助。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，Dianne搬走了，但是我保留着这个杯子，不管我什么时候用这个杯子，我都会想起她。A.callon号召；B.dependon依靠；C.thinkof想起；D.carefor照看。结合全文可知，作者和Dianne之间是很密切的挚友，可推断作者在Dianne搬走之后常常睹物思人。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我卖了自己的房子，在打包的时候，我摔了这个特殊的杯子。A.bargaining讨价还价；B.packing打包；C.hesitating迟疑；D.decorating装饰。依据语境可知，作者把房子卖了，所以确定须要整理打包自己的东西。故选B项。【36题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：这个杯子再也不像之前那样了。各选项与no搭配的含义分别为：A.nolonger不再；B.nomore不再；C.noway不行能；D.nodoubt毫无疑问。依据前文“Seeingthecracksandthehandlegluedon”可知，杯子打破之后是无法修复到跟原来一样的，裂痕还是看得见，所以设空处须要表达“不再”的意思；nolonger指时间上不再……，nomore指程度和数量上不再……；这里是跟原先比，所以是时间是不再像以前一样了。故选A项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我意识到，这并没有关系。A.matter有关系；B.match匹配；C.work工作；D.conflict冲突。依据前文“Thecupwasno16thesame”及句中表示转折的but可知，虽然杯子难以复原到跟之前一样，但是作者认为这并没有关系。故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管它不再能盛液体，但是它充溢了甜蜜的记忆。A.dreams幻想；B.burdens负