2024年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷03（试题版）

2024年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷03一、听力理解（共25小题；每小题1分，共25分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第1段材料，回答第1题。1．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Abook. B．Amovie. C．Awar.听第2段材料，回答第2题。2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Bepatient. B．Getofftheplane. C．Sitatthefront.听第3段材料，回答第3题。3．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewsstory?A．Amazed. B．Inspired. C．Confused.听第4段材料，回答第4题。4．Whatshouldtheman’ssondoaccordingtothewoman?A．Becomeamemberofaclub.B．Spendmoretimestudying.C．Takepicturesofhisfriends.听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。5．Whoaccompaniedthewomantothehospital?A．Theman. B．Hersister. C．Hermother.6．Whatisthewomanallergicto?A．Dust. B．Seafood. C．Mangoes.听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题。7．WhyaretheBlacksmovingtoAustralia?A．MrBlackhasfoundanewjobthere.B．Theyhavemanyfriendsthere.C．MrsBlackwantstoteachthere.8．WhatmightMrsBlackdoinMelbourne?A．Ateacher. B．Ahousewife. C．Aclerk.听第7段材料，回答第9题至第11题。9．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Bookaroom. B．Changerooms. C．Checkout.10．Whenisthecheck-outtime?A．12:00atnoon. B．10:00inthemorning. C．2:00intheafternoon.11．Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanlike?A．OnefacingtheBigBen.B．OnefacingtheThamesRiver.C．OnefacingtheLondonBridge.听第8段材料，回答第12题至第14题。12．Whathappenedwhenthemanwasclimbingmountains?A．Hehadacold. B．Hegotstuckinahole. C．Hewaslostinbadweather.13．Whatcausedthelossoftheman’slegs?A．Lowtemperature.B．Abadfallinthemountain.C．Anunsuccessfuloperation.14．Whatdidthemandecidetodoafterlosinghislegs?A．Designnewclimbingshoes.B．Setupaclubforthedisabled.C．Usetechnologytofighthisdisability.听第9段材料，回答第15题至第17题。15．Wherearethespeakers?A．Athome. B．Inapark. C．Intheoffice.16．WhatdoesthemanthinkoftheweatherinEngland?A．It’senjoyable. B．It’schangeable. C．It’scomfortable.17．Whatwastheweatherlikeatnoon?A．Windy. B．Rainy. C．Sunny.听第10段材料，回答第18题至第20题。18．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Heisunabletostayfocused.B．Heisuninterestedinthesubject.C．Heisoftensleepyintheclass19．Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A．Drawingpictures. B．Readingbooks. C．Writingnotes.20．Whydoesthewomandrawinclass?A．Towriteherideas. B．Topayactiveattention. C．Totakenotes.第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。AWeatherReportinAustraliaNewSouthWalesThereisawarninginplaceasbush21spread.QueenslandAtleast22inchesofrainareexpectedtofalloverthenext24hours.NorthernTerritoryResidentsshouldonlyexperiencelightshowers,anditwillremaindryandcloudyuntil23evening.PerthTherewillbeacalm24thatmaybecomestrongertowardstheendoftheweek.GeraldtonRainshowerswillcomeinfromthe25butshoulddisappearlater.二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EverySaturdaymorningPhoenixYoungwouldtakepianolessonswithafamilyfriendwhenhewasachild.“Atthattimewewould1aroundandtakeallmorningjusttohavealesson,”Phoenix2.“AndIlovedit.”ButwhenPhoenixwas12,histeacherproposedthatheneedbetter3.SohismothertookhimtoamusicschoolintheBronx,andsignedhimupforclasseswithateachernamedBadeSimon,experiencedbitknownforbeing4.Andshequicklyliveduptothat5.Phoenixfoundthestressfullifewas6likehislightheartedSaturdaymorningswithhisformerteacher,soitwasn’tlongbeforehe7thathewouldquit.Oneday,however,Bade8himandsaidsomethingsurprising:“Ihave9inyou.Keepgoing.Thenthereluctant(不情愿的)studentdidsomethingsurprising10:hesaid,“Okay.”“ItwasasifallIwantedwasjusta11fromherthatshecaredaboutme,”Phoenixsaid.Thatmoment12theirrelationship.Withinafewweeks,theywerehaving13duringlessons.Andwithinafewmonths,shewasteachinghimthingsaboutmusicthathe’dneverknownbefore.Itwasthebeginningofalongandfruitfulrelationship.“Iwentinto14andbecameapianoteacher,acareerIhavebeendoingfor50years,”Phoenixsaid.“AndI15italltothatpreciousmomentwithmyunsunghero,BadeSimon.”1．A．walk B．joke C．look D．stick2．A．announced B．sighed C．regretted D．recalled3．A．instruction B．behaviour C．recognition D．relationship4．A．sweet B．violent C．tough D．strange5．A．expectation B．standard C．quality D．reputation6．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything7．A．pretended B．admitted C．rejected D．decided8．A．attendedto B．turnedto C．liedto D．referredto9．A．courage B．faith C．doubt D．luck10．A．inreturn B．invain C．intime D．inpeace11．A．promise B．sign C．notice D．vision12．A．recovered B．transformed C．ruined D．clouded13．A．stress B．patience C．fun D．argument14．A．acting B．singing C．composition D．music15．A．leave B．lead C．owe D．add三、阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheNewYorkAquariumoffersdiverseseaanimalsandniceviewingexperienceforallourguests.Whetheryou’reobservingpenguinsorswimmingunderwatertolookatcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)underthewater,orcheeringCaliforniasealionsonatthetheater,you’llfindplentytoseeanddoduringyourvisit.Yourunderwateradventureiswaitingforyou!Thissummer,gotoConeyIslandtolearnabouttheunderwaterworldattheNewYorkAquarium.JustofftheConeyIslandinBrooklyn,theNewYorkAquariumfeaturesmorethan300marine(海生的)species,suchasdolphinsandseals.Meetsomeofourmammalsandfish,andlearnsomethingusefulaboutthem.SummerhoursMay28—Sept.510：00am—6：00pm，Monday—Friday10：00am—7：00pm，Weekends&HolidaysFallhoursSept.6—Nov.610：00am—5：00pm，Monday—Friday10：00am—5：30pm，Weekends&HolidaysWinterhoursNov.7—Mar.3110：00am—4：30pm，DailySpringhoursApr.1—May2710：00am—5：00pm，Monday—Friday10：00am—5：30pm，Weekends&HolidaysTotalExperienceTicketAdult$18.00Child(Aged3—12)$14.00Senior(65＋)$15.00Groups(atleasttenvisitors)$8.00*Includesadmissiontoour4­DTheaterPlusGeneralAdmission.*Childrenunder3arefree!*Toenjoythegrouprate,youmustmakeareservationatleasttwoweeksinadvanceofyourgroup’svisit.Pleasecall718­741­1818.ASpecialonFridayAfternoonAdmissiononFridaysbeginningat3:00pmisbydonation.Suggesteddonationis$13foradults,$9forchildren,and$10forseniors.Everydollaryougivesupportsourworkincaringforanimalsattheaquarium.AquariumParkingCar$13.00Bus$13.00Pleasenote：*Duetorisingcosts,theWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)reservestherighttochangeallfeeswithoutnotice.*Allbuildingsandexhibitionsinthisaquariumareaccessiblebywheelchair.*Forfurtherinformation,pleasecall718­265­3454.16．Whichanimalcan’tbeprobablyseenbythevisitorsattheNewYorkAquarium?A．Penguins. B．Pandas. C．Dolphins. D．Seals.17．Sixadults(includingamanof68)andtwochildren(aged2and10)aregoingtovisittheNewYorkAquariumonSunday.Theywillhavetopay________.A．$144 B．$133 C．$119 D．$16018．Whatisthedonationusedfor?A．Tohelpthepeopleinneed. B．Tohelpthedisabledvisitors.C．Tocareforanimalsattheaquarium. D．Tohelptosavetheendangeredanimalsintheworld19．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．VisitorscanenjoyfreeparkingserviceonFriday.B．YoucanvisittheNewYorkAquariumat5:30pmonChristmas.C．AvisitorinawheelchaircangetaroundattheNewYorkAquarium.D．Toenjoythegrouprate,visitorsmustreservetwoweeksinadvance.BIreadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?Tounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait,ItiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofallTakefillingupthekitchensink(洗碗池)asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatiencePerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.20．WhiledoingaWatched-PotWaitwetendto__________.A．keepourselvesbus B．getabsent-minded C．growanxious D．stayfocused21．WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?A．TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control. B．TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.C．TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections. D．TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.22．WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?A．ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait. B．Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.C．ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait. D．Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope.23．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting!A．Takeitseriously B．Don’trelyonothers C．Dosomethingelse D．Don’tloseheartCThinkbacktoyourfirstmemory.Howoldwereyouatthetime?Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.Sowhyisitthatwecan’trememberbeingababy?Theanswerliesinthewaythatourbrain’sabilitytostorememorieschangesaswegrow.Atbirth,ababy’sbrainisonlyaquarterofitsadultsize,growingtothree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrainbyagetwo.Thisincreaseisassociatedwithagrowthinthenumberofbraincells—calledneurons(神经元)—andtheconnectionsbetweenthesecells.Apartofthebrainthatisparticularlyimportantinformingmemoriesisthehippocampus(海马体),saysDrDhanishaJhaveri,aresearcheratTheUniversityofQueensland.Thisregionstoresautobiographicalmemoriesfromspecificeventsinourlives.“Inthehippocampus,newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated.Inadulthood,newcellsarestillbeingproduced,buttherateofproductioninthehippocampusslowsdown,”saysDrJhaveri.Neuroscientistsbelievethattherapidrateatwhichbraincellsarebeingproducedinchildhoodcouldbethecauseofinfantileamnesia.Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(扰乱)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.Despitethismemoryloss,childhoodexperienceshavebeenfoundtoinfluenceadultbehaviouryearslater,whichsuggeststhattracesofthesememoriescouldbestoredsomewhereinthebrainthatisn’teasytoaccess.Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潜在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(触发)byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.24．Whatisinfantileamnesia?A．Theinabilitytoformmemoriesduringadulthood. B．Theinabilitytorecallearlyexperiences.C．Theinfluenceonexistingmemorynetworks. D．Theinfluenceonmentalandemotionalwell-being.25．Whatdowelearnaboutthebrainaccordingtothepassage?A．Newneuronsdisruptexistingmemorycircuits. B．Thehippocampusplaysapassiveroleinone’smemory.C．Ababy’sbrainisthree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrain. D．Braincellsarebeingproducedmorerapidlyinadulthood.26．Whatdoestheresearchinanimalsshow?A．Memoriesarestoredseparatelyintheirbrain. B．Memoriesaremainlyformedwhentheyareyoung.C．Earlyexperienceshavealong-termimpactonlife. D．Earlyexperiencesareeasytobetriggeredbyareminder.27．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheFormationofEarlyChildhoodMemoriesB．TheImpactofInfantileAmnesiaonMemoryNetworksC．TheRoleoftheHippocampusinMemoryFormationD．TheInfluenceofEarlyLifeExperiencesonMentalWell-beingDTheworldisbeingalertedtothepossibilityofaseveredroughtcrisiscausedbytherecentheatwavethathasaffectedmuchofAsiaandthearrivalofElNiño,whichcancauseintensedroughtfor2−3years,MinisterofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentVarawutSilpa-archahaswarned.Thailandissusceptible(易受影响的)totheeffectsofElNiño,whichisforecasttostartinJune.TheworldisexpectedtofaceanintensedroughtduetotheoccurrenceofElNiño,leadingtoreducedrainfallduringtherainyseason,orpossiblynorainatall.Inadditiontotheongoingdrought,Thailandisalsofacinganotherunprecedented(前所未有的)phenomenon,theso-called“MonsterAsianheatwave”.Thisextremeheatwaveunderlinedgrowingglobalwarmingconcernsandhasmadeitevenmoreimportanttorecognisetheneedtoreduceplasticwastesandindustrialairpollutants.Thereisnoquickfix,however.Becausewehavebeenworseningtheenvironmentformanydecades,itwilltakemanyyearsofintensiveeffortstotackletheglobalwarmingproblem.“Preparingtodealwiththeseveredroughtcrisisforthenext2−3yearsisurgent,”Varawutstressed.Inthepast,Bangkokhasexperiencedfloodingandarisingsealevelduetothemeltingofthepolaricecaps.Ifthesituationworsensbeyondthecurrentlevel,theElNiñoissuewillbecomeevenmoresevereinthenext2−3years.Solutionstothisproblemincludebuildingmorereservoirs(水库)andexpandingthewaterwaystoaccommodaterainfallduringthisrainyseason.Althoughthisyear’sdryseasonisaconcern,therearestilladequatewaterreservesinthedams.However,thesituationisexpectedtoworsennextyearandin2025.Therefore,sufficientwaterstoragefacilitiesandefficientfarmlandirrigationsystemarevitalpreparations.“Whethertheissueofclimatechangewillleadtothecollapseofourworld,ornot,isstillupintheair.Wemaynothavereachedthatstageyetbutifwedonotspeedupeffortstotacklethisissueseriously,wemayfacealossofbiodiversity,”Varawutsaid.28．Whatarethetwomainfactorsofthepossibledroughtcrisis?A．Floodingandsealevelrising. B．ExtremeheatandtheElNiño.C．Meltingpolaricecapsandplasticwaste. D．Industrialairpollutantsandglobalwarming.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“quickfix”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Goodresult. B．Bigdecision. C．Easysolution. D．Perfectexcuse.30．HowshouldthedroughtcrisisbesolvedaccordingtoVarawut?A．Byreducingplasticwaste.B．Byexpandingmorefarmland.C．Byincreasingtheamountofrainfall.D．Byconstructingenoughwaterstoragefacilities.31．WhichstatementwillVarawutprobablyagreewith?A．Thecollapseoftheworldisontheway.B．Thelossofbiodiversityisnotamajorconcern.C．Theeffectsofclimatechangearestilluncertain.D．Effortstoaddressclimatechangeneedtobespedup.第二节（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Isillremembermyfirstdayofsecondgrade.Iwasledtoaclassroom.Noteacheryet.Girlstalkingandlaughing.Boysplayinggames.Itooksomepaperandapencil,pickedadesk,andwenttowork.Minuteslater,agirlcameoverandsatontop