必修二Unit2WildlifeProtection单元培优综合测试卷

必修二Unit2WildlifeProtection单元培优综合测试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·山东·三模）AccordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN),hundredsofmarine(海洋的)speciesacrosstheworldeunderendangeredandcriticallyendangeredcategories.Someoftheendangeredandrecognizablemarinespeciesarenamedhere.Kemp’sRidleySeaTurtleTheKemp’sRidleySeaTurtle,alsoknownastheAtlanticRidleySeaTurtle,isendangeredastherarestandsmallestseaturtle.DistributedthroughouttheGulfofMexicoandU.S.Atlanticseaboard,theygatheroffthecoastinnortheasternMexicoandeashoreinlargegroupstolayeggseveryyear.Asmarinereptiles(爬行动物),theyarethreatenedbyoilspills,lackoffoodandmarinepollution.VaquitaAsararemarinemammal,Vaquitaisontheedgeofextinctiononlyahalfcenturyafteritsfirstsighting.ExtensivefishingintheGulfofCaliforniahasendangeredthismarinespecies,resultinginagradualdropinpopulationsincethe1940s.Accordingtoreports,thereareonlyadozenofthesemarinemammalsleftintheworldsincethepercentageofdeclineintheirpopulationwasasmuchas90%since2011.WhaleFinWhaleisthesecondlargestmammalontheplanetafterBlueWhaleanditisalsoavictimofhunting.Accordingtoestimates,theglobalpopulationofFinWhalerangesfrombelow100,000toaround119,000.HumpbackWhale,anotherwhalespecies,hasalsobeenlistedasanendangeredmarinespecies.Beforetheintroductionofthewhalingmoratorium(暂停)in1966,thespecieswashuntedforitsfur,whilethepopulationdroppedby90%.Currently,around2,500HumpbackWhalessurviveintheworld.HawaiianMonkSealAnativeoftheNorthwesternHawaiianIslands,HawaiianMonkSealisoneoftheearlesssealswholiveonwarmbeaches,unlikeotherseals.Accordingtorecentresearch,only1,400HawaiianMonkSealsremainontheIslands.Thesesealsaremainlythreatenedbypredatorsliketigersharks.Besides,otherreasonslikehabitatlossandfoodlimitationalsocontributetotheircriticalsituation.1．WhydoKemp’sRidleySeaTurtleslandonthebeachinlargegroups?A．Tonest. B．Toreproduce. C．Toavoidattack. D．Tohuntfoods.2．WhatisthemajorthreattoHawaiianMonkSeal?A．Globalwarming. B．Lackoffood. C．Naturalenemies. D．Habitatpollution.3．Whichofthefollowingisthemostcriticallyendangeredspecies?A．Vaquita. B．FinWhale. C．HumpbackWhale. D．HawaiianMonkSeal.【答案】1．B2．C3．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些濒临灭绝的海洋物种的情况，旨在引起人们对海洋生物保护的关注。1．细节理解题。根据Kemp’sRidleySeaTurtle下面第二段的“DistributedthroughouttheGulfofMexicoandU.S.Atlanticseaboard,theygatheroffthecoastinnortheasternMexicoandeashoreinlargegroupstolayeggseveryyear.(它们分布在墨西哥湾和美国大西洋沿岸，每年都会聚集在墨西哥东北部海岸，成群结队地上岸产卵)”可知，该地的海龟成群结队来到海滩上是为了繁衍后代。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Accordingtorecentresearch,only1,400HawaiianMonkSealsremainontheIslands.Thesesealsaremainlythreatenedbypredatorsliketigersharks.Besides,otherreasonslikehabitatlossandfoodlimitationalsocontributetotheircriticalsituation.(根据最近的研究，岛上只剩下1400只夏威夷蒙克海豹。这些海豹主要受到虎鲨等捕食者的威胁。此外，栖息地丧失和食物限制等其他原因也导致了它们的危急状况)”可知，夏威夷蒙克海豹的主要威胁来自于它们的天敌。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据Vaquita下面第二段的“Accordingtoreports,thereareonlyadozenofthesemarinemammalsleftintheworldsincethepercentageofdeclineintheirpopulationwasasmuchas90%since2011.(据报道，自2011年以来，这些海洋哺乳动物的数量下降了90%，现在世界上只剩下十几只)”可知，Vaquita是最濒危的物种。故选A。B（2024·江西宜春·模拟预测）AfishermanfromPortland,Maine,theUS,caughtaveryrarebrightbluelobster(龙虾)offthecoastofMainebutchosetosetitfreebackintotheocean.ThephotoofthebluelobsterwassharedbytechenterpriserLarsJohanLarsson.“ThisbluelobsterwascaughtoffthecoastofPortlandyesterdayandreturnedtothewatertocontinuetogrow.Bluelobstersareoneintwomillion,”hewrote.Whiletheshellsoflobstersaregenerallyredorbrownincolor,theblueshellisaresultofgenemutation(基因突变),whichcausesthelobstertoproducemoreofaparticularproteinthanotherlobsters,leadingtotherarebluecolor,asreportedbytheTorontoSun.Yellow,orangeandcrystalcoloredlobstersareconsideredevenrarerthanbrightblueones.AccordingtotheLobsterInstitute,yellowlobstersaccountforaboutonein30millionofthetotalpopulation.TwofishermeninDorsetcaughtacrystalcoloredlobsterin2011.“Whatevertheoddsofcatchingdifferentcoloredlobsters,there’snodenyingthatbrightblueonesaretrulybeautifulcreatures,”saidRobBayer,executivedirectoroftheUniversityofMaineLobsterInstitute.“Theymightnotbethemostunusual,butthey’reundoubtedlythebesttolookat.”It’sbeesomethingofatrendforrestaurantstosparebluelobsters.AustinHopley,achefat“TheHare”inRochdale,theUK,madethenewsforsparingabrightbluelobster.HegaveittoSeaLifeinManchester,asreportedbytheBBC．“Nowit’sthereforpeopletoenjoy,”saidHopley.“Ifeltresponsible.Somethingsoraredidn’trequireaplaceonthemenu.Everyspeciesdeservesafairchanceatsurvival.”ExpertBrendanMalonefromSeaLifesaid,“Itiscertainlyanextraordinaryfindandworthsavingtotrytoeducatethepublicabouttheseamazingcreaturesintheecosystem.”4．Whatistherootcauseforthecolorofbluelobsters?A．Genevariation. B．Adaptationfailure.C．Aspecificprotein. D．Amixofredandbrown.5．WhatdoesRobBayerthinkofbluelobsters?A．Theyaretherarest. B．Theyareeasytocatch.C．Theyaredelicioustoeat. D．Theyaremostbeautiful.6．WhywasHopleyunwillingtocookthebluelobster?A．Itwouldn’tmakeagooddish.B．Hewantedtofollowthetrend.C．Hetookonresponsibilitytosaveit.D．Itwouldbringhimfameandprofits.7．Whichcanserveasthebesttitle?A．BlueLobstersReboundSuddenlyB．ChefsTakeActiontoProtectLobstersC．GeneMutationHasanEffectonLobstersD．ManCatchesa“OneinTwoMillion”BlueLobster【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。一位来自美国缅因州波特兰市的渔民在缅因州海岸捕获了一只非常罕见的蓝龙虾，但他选择将其放回大海。4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Whiletheshellsoflobstersaregenerallyredorbrownincolor,theblueshellisaresultofgenemutation(基因突变),whichcausesthelobstertoproducemoreofaparticularproteinthanotherlobsters,leadingtotherarebluecolor,asreportedbytheTorontoSun.(据《多伦多太阳报》报道，虽然龙虾的外壳通常是红色或棕色的，但蓝色外壳是基因突变的结果，这种基因突变导致龙虾比其他龙虾产生更多的特定蛋白质，从而导致罕见的蓝色)”可知，蓝色龙虾颜色的根本原因是基因变异。故选A项。5．细节理解题。根据第四段““Whatevertheoddsofcatchingdifferentcoloredlobsters,there’snodenyingthatbrightblueonesaretrulybeautifulcreatures,”saidRobBayer,executivedirectoroftheUniversityofMaineLobsterInstitute.“Theymightnotbethemostunusual,butthey’reundoubtedlythebesttolookat.”(缅因大学龙虾研究所的执行主任RobBayer说：“无论捕获不同颜色龙虾的几率有多大，不可否认的是，明亮的蓝色龙虾确实是美丽的生物。”“它们可能不是最不寻常的，但它们无疑是最好看的。”)”可知，RobBayer认为蓝龙虾是最美丽的。故选D选项。6．推理判断题。根据第六段““Nowit’sthereforpeopletoenjoy,”saidHopley.“Ifeltresponsible.Somethingsoraredidn’trequireaplaceonthemenu.Everyspeciesdeservesafairchanceatsurvival.”(“现在人们可以欣赏它了，”霍普利说。“我觉得自己有责任。这么稀有的东西根本不需要出现在菜单上。每个物种都应该有公平的生存机会。”)”可知，霍普利不愿意烹饪这种蓝龙虾的原因是他承担起了拯救它的责任。故选C项。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AfishermanfromPortland,Maine,theUS,caughtaveryrarebrightbluelobster(龙虾)offthecoastofMainebutchosetosetitfreebackintotheocean.ThephotoofthebluelobsterwassharedbytechenterpriserLarsJohanLarsson.“ThisbluelobsterwascaughtoffthecoastofPortlandyesterdayandreturnedtothewatertocontinuetogrow.Bluelobstersareoneintwomillion,”hewrote.(美国缅因州波特兰市的一名渔民在缅因州海岸捕获了一只非常罕见的亮蓝色龙虾，但他选择将其放归大海。这只蓝色龙虾的照片是由科技企业家拉斯约翰·拉尔森分享的。“这只蓝龙虾昨天在波特兰海岸被捕获，并被放回水中继续生长。蓝龙虾是两百万分之一，”他写道)”可知，本文主要讲述了一位来自美国缅因州波特兰市的渔民在缅因州海岸捕获了一只非常罕见的蓝龙虾，但他选择将其放回大海。由此可知，D项“ManCatchesa“OneinTwoMillion”BlueLobster(男子捕获了一只“二百万分之一”的蓝龙虾)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。C（2024·浙江绍兴·二模）Doyouseeabirdrightnow?Canyouhearonechirping?Ifso,youmightbegettingamentalhealthboost.AstudyrecentlypublishedinthejournalSciencefoundthatbeinginthepresenceofbirdsmadepeoplefeelmorepositive.AndreaMechelli,apsychologistatKing’sCollegeLondon,foundhimselfstudyingthenaturalworldaccidentally.Initiallyhewassearchingforanswerstowhypeoplewholivedincitiesseemedtotendtosuffermentalillness,particularlypsychosis.In2015,hecreatedthesmartphoneappUrbanMindtosearchforpatternsinusers’environments.“Ourfirstfindingisthatnaturehasaverypowerfuleffect,”saysMechelli.Heandhiscolleaguesthenwonderedifsomeaspectsofnatureweremorebeneficialthanothers.Theyturnedtobirdsfortheirubiquity(普遍存在)inruralandurbanenvironments.Theirlateststudyincluded1,292participantsmainlyintheUnitedKingdomandEurope.Fortwoweeks,participantswerepromptedtofilloutaquestionnaireabouttheirsurroundingenvironmentandtheirmentalstatethreetimesaday.Mechelliperformedastatisticalanalysisthatfoundanobviousimprovementinwellbeingwhenbirdswerepresent,evenwheneliminatingotherfactorslikethepresenceoftreesorwaterways.Thementalhealthbenefitwastruebothforpeoplewhodisclosedadepressiondiagnosisandthosewithoutanydiagnosedmentalhealthconditions.PeterJames,anenvironmentalhealthscientistatHarvard,wouldliketoseemoredata.Hefoundthatenvironmentalhealthstudiesliketheselackdiversity.Yet,apsychologistatTrentUniversityinCanada,LisaNisbetsays,“Thiskindofstudyhelpsusunderstandhowpeople’severydayexperiencewithspecificelementsofnature,suchasbirds,canberestorative.”Appreciatingbirdsseemstobeapromisingavenuefornaturebasedhealthandwellbeinginterventions.AtMechelli’sclinicalpracticeinLondon,hefocusesonearlyinterventiontherapies.Hesuggestshispatientsgoforwalkstoobservethetreesandplantsgrowinginthecity,andthebirdflutteringbyfrombranchtobranch.“Ithasnosideeffects,”hesays.“It’ssomethingtheycouldtry,andtheyhavenothingtolose.”8．WhatcanbeinferredaboutAndreaMechelli’sstudy?A．Diverseenvironmentsarerewardingonlyfordepressedpeople.B．Thepresenceofbirdsisbeneficialtomentalhealth.C．PeterJamesthoughthighlyofMechelli’sresearch.D．Itwasoriginallytargetedattheresearchonbirds.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”meaninparagraph3?A．Defeating. B．Identifying.C．Considering. D．Removing.10．WhichofthefollowingstatementmightAndreaMechelliagreewith?A．Earlyinterventionshowsnosignificance.B．Theaccesstonaturehelpspeoplebemoreconfident.C．Naturebasedinterventionfunctionswellinmentalhealth.D．People’sdailyexperienceisconnectedwithmentalproblems.11．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．UseNatureinSupportingMentalHealth B．GetOutsideforaQuickerMentalRecoveryC．AnalyzeDatatoMakeaGoodTreatmentPlan D．TurntoBirdsforBetterUnderstandingsofHumans【答案】8．B9．D10．C11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的一项研究发现，与鸟儿在一起会让人感觉更加积极。8．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Mechelliperformedastatisticalanalysisthatfoundanobviousimprovementinwellbeingwhenbirdswerepresent(Mechelli进行了一项统计分析，发现有鸟在场时，幸福感有明显改善)”以及“ Thementalhealthbenefitwastruebothforpeoplewhodisclosedadepressiondiagnosisandthosewithoutanydiagnosedmentalhealthconditions.(对于那些被诊断出患有抑郁症的人和那些没有任何被诊断出患有精神疾病的人来说，心理健康方面的好处都是真实的。)”可知，从AndreaMechelli的研究中可推知鸟的存在有利于心理健康。故选B项。9．词句猜测题。根据划线所在句子“Mechelliperformedastatisticalanalysisthatfoundanobviousimprovementinwellbeingwhenbirdswerepresent,evenwheneliminatingotherfactorslikethepresenceoftreesorwaterways.(Mechelli进行了一项统计分析，发现有鸟类在场时，即使eliminating树木或水道等其他因素，人们的幸福感也会有明显改善)”中的“whenbirdswerepresent”以及“evenwhen”可知，此处应是表达“只要有鸟类在场，即使排除树木或水道等其他因素，人们的幸福感也会有明显改善”符合语境，划线词eliminating应是“排除”之意，和D项“Removing(排除，去除)”意思一致。故选D项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Appreciatingbirdsseemstobeapromisingavenuefornaturebasedhealthandwellbeinginterventions.AtMechelli’sclinicalpracticeinLondon,hefocusesonearlyinterventiontherapies.Hesuggestshispatientsgoforwalkstoobservethetreesandplantsgrowinginthecity,andthebirdflutteringbyfrombranchtobranch.“Ithasnosideeffects,”hesays.“It’ssomethingtheycouldtry,andtheyhavenothingtolose.”(欣赏鸟类似乎是一种基于自然的健康和福祉干预的有希望的途径。在伦敦Mechelli的临床实践中，他专注于早期干预疗法。他建议他的病人去散步，观察城市里生长的树木和植物，以及在树枝间飞舞的鸟儿。“它没有副作用，”他说。“这是他们可以尝试的东西，他们没有什么可失去的。”)”可推知，AndreaMechelli建议他的病人去散步，观察城市里生长的树木和植物以及在树枝间飞舞的鸟儿，由此可推知，AndreaMechelli会赞同基于自然的干预对心理健康有很好的作用。故选C项。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Doyouseeabirdrightnow?Canyouhearonechirping?Ifso,youmightbegettingamentalhealthboost.AstudyrecentlypublishedinthejournalSciencefoundthatbeinginthepresenceofbirdsmadepeoplefeelmorepositive.(你现在看到一只鸟了吗?你能听到其中一只啾啾吗?如果是这样，你可能会得到心理健康的促进。最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究发现，有鸟在身边会让人感觉更积极)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了与鸟儿在一起会让人感觉更加积极，所以A项“UseNatureinSupportingMentalHealth(利用自然支持心理健康)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。D（2024·四川·模拟预测）Inaneraofdigitaltechnology,theartofwritingbyhandhasslowlybeendowngradedtoapastentertainment.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatthisphysicalactisessentialtobrainhealthanddevelopment,havingmultiplecognitive(认知的)benefits.Itistimeweshouldreevaluatethepotentialbenefitsitmayhaveonourmentalcapacities.Accordingtonumerousstudies,writingbyhandstimulatesmoreplexanddiversebrainconnectionsessentialforencodingnewinformationandformingmemories.Forinstance,arecentinvestigationfoundthatbrainconnectivitypatternswerefarmoreplicatedandwidespreadforparticipantswhowrotebyhandparedtothosewhotyped.Thus,itisclearthathandwritinghasadistinctandsignificantimpactonourbrainhealth.Handwritingisn’tjustgoodforourbrainshealth—italsohasclear,practicalbenefits.Researchhasshownthatstudentswhotakehandwrittennotesscoresignificantlyhigheronquizzes,demonstratingimprovedlearning.Thisextendsbeyondtheclassroomtoo.Peoplewhorecordedinformationonpapercalendarsdemonstratedmorebrainactivityandrecalledinformationfasterthanthosewhousedsmartphones.Theactofhandwriting,therefore,couldbeavaluabletoolforstudentspreparingforexamsandadultsmanagingdailytasks.Despiteitsclearbenefits,handwritinghasbeenonthedecline.However,25statesintheUShavereintroducedwritingbackintoschoolcurriculums.Thisisastepintherightdirection,aspreviousresearchhasalsoindicatedthathandwritingisessentialinchildren’sbraindevelopment.Preliterate(未识字的)childrenwhowrotebyhanddemonstratedbrainactivityinacircuitofthebrainusedinlearningtoread,furtherstrengtheningthelinkbetweenhandwritingandcognitivedevelopment.Itisclearthathandwritingisavaluableactivitythathasthepotentialtoenhanceourbrainhealth,learning,memory,andproblemsolvingskills.Aswecontinuetonavigatethedigitalage,itisimportantnottooverlookthevalueofthisseeminglysimpleactivity.So,thenexttimeyoureachforyourkeyboard,rememberthebenefitsofpickingupapeninstead.12．Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofhandwritingatpresent?A．Ithasbeeanoldfashionedskill. B．Ithasmanycognitivebenefitsinlife.C．Ithasbeenreplacedbydigitaldevices. D．Ithasbeenapopularentertainment.13．Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowabouthandwritinginparagraph3?A．Itisbeneficialtobrainhealth. B．Ithelpsstudentsscorehigheronquizzes.C．Itstimulatesdiversebrainconnection. D．Ithasgoodeffectsonlearningandmemory.14．Whyispreviousresearchmentionedinparagraph4?A．Tomakeaparison. B．Toaddfurtherevidence.C．Toshowdifferentopinions. D．Toexplainthebrainactivity.15．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toillustrateafindingonhandwriting. B．Toemphasizetheimportanceofhandwriting.C．Toshowthewideapplicationofhandwriting. D．Tointroducetheartisticvalueofhandwriting.【答案】12．A13．D14．B15．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文，论述我们应该重新评估书写对我们的心智能力的益处，未来它将成为教育的重要组成部分。12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Inaneraofdigitaltechnology,theartofwritingbyhandhasslowlybeendowngradedtoapastentertainment.(在数字技术时代，手写的艺术已经慢慢沦为一种过时的娱乐)”可知，人们通常把手写看成一种已经过时的技能。故选A。13．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Handwritingisn’tjustgoodforourbrainshealth—italsohasclear,practicalbenefits.Researchhasshownthatstudentswhotakehandwrittennotesscoresignificantlyhigheronquizzes,demonstratingimprovedlearning.Thisextendsbeyondtheclassroomtoo.Peoplewhorecordedinformationonpapercalendarsdemonstratedmorebrainactivityandrecalledinformationfasterthanthosewhousedsmartphones.Theactofhandwriting,therefore,couldbeavaluabletoolforstudentspreparingforexamsandadultsmanagingdailytasks.(手写不仅对我们的大脑健康有好处——它还有明显的、实际的好处。研究表明，做手写笔记的学生在测验中得分明显更高，这表明他们的学习能力有所提高。这也延伸到了课堂之外。在纸质日历上记录信息的人比使用智能的人大脑活动更活跃，回忆信息的速度也更快。因此，对于准备考试的学生和管理日常事务的成年人来说，书写的行为可能是一个有价值的工具)”可知，该段主要讲述手写对学习和记忆的影响。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Despiteitsclearbenefits,handwritinghasbeenonthedecline.However,25statesintheUShavereintroducedwritingbackintoschoolcurriculums.Thisisastepintherightdirection,aspreviousresearchhasalsoindicatedthathandwritingisessentialinchildren’sbraindevelopment.Preliterate(未识字的)childrenwhowrotebyhanddemonstratedbrainactivityinacircuitofthebrainusedinlearningtoread,furtherstrengtheningthelinkbetweenhandwritingandcognitivedevelopment.(尽管有明显的好处，但手写一直在走下坡路。然而，美国已有25个州将写作重新引入学校课程。这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步，因为之前的研究也表明，书写对儿童的大脑发育至关重要。识字之前用手写字的儿童在学习阅读的大脑回路中表现出大脑活动，进一步加强了书写和认知发展之间的联系)”可推断，该段提及从前的研究是为了进一步证实书写的好处。故选B。15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Inaneraofdigitaltechnology,theartofwritingbyhandhasslowlybeendowngradedtoapastentertainment.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatthisphysicalactisessentialtobrainhealthanddevelopment,havingmultiplecognitive(认知的)benefits.Itistimeweshouldreevaluatethepotentialbenefitsitmayhaveonourmentalcapacities.(在数字技术时代，手写的艺术已经慢慢沦为一种过时的娱乐。然而，最近的研究表明，这种身体活动对大脑的健康和发育至关重要，有多种认知益处。是时候我们应该重新评估它对我们心智能力的潜在好处了)”结合文章论述强调了书写对我们的心智能力的益处，希望读者重视书写。即文章的目的是强调书写的重要性。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·广东广州·三模）Theteenageyearsareatransformativeperiodmarkedbygreatphysical,psychological,andemotionalchanges.16Theyrefertothefeelingsthatariseduringinteractionswithothers,suchasgratitude,shame,sympathy,guilt,andpride.Understandingandmanagingsocialemotionscanhelpdevelopteenagers’identities.Teenagersexperienceawiderangeofemotionsfromsocialinteractions,whichsignificantlyinfluencestheirselfunderstandingandsocialawareness.Intheprocess,theylearntounderstand,andappropriatelyrespondtoboththeirownemotionsandthoseofothers.17Inacademicsettings,socialemotionalpetencieslikeselfregulation,motivation,andsocialawarenessdirectlyimpactateenager’sabilitytolearn,participate,andengageinschoolactivities.18Teenagerswithstrongsocialemotionalskillsarebetterequippedtohandlestress,resistpeerpressure,andavoidriskybehaviors,reducingthelikelihoodofdevelopingmentalhealthissues.Learningsocialemotionsinvolvesabinationofpersonalexperience,guidance,andformaleducation.19Thisenvironmentinfluencesteenagers’earliestunderstandingofhowtomunicateandmanagetheiremotions.Theyfeelsafeandsupportivetoexpresstheiremotionsfreelyandlearntomanagethemwithoutfearofjudgment.Schoolsalsoplayasignificantrolethroughsocialemotionallearningprogramsthatteachtheseskillsinastructuredenvironment.munityinvolvement,extracurricularactivities,andpeer(同伴)interactionsofferadditionalopportunitiesforteenagerstopracticeandrefinetheirsocialemotionalskills.20Itcontributestoateenager’sabilitytomanagetheirownemotions,understandothers’emotions,andfacesocialplexities.Thislearningisacornerstoneforshapingtheiridentity,influencingtheirinterpersonalrelationships,academicsuccess,mentalhealth,andfuturelifeoutes.A．Whatexactlyaresocialemotions?B．Thejourneyintomatureemotionisquiteeasy.C．Socialemotionlearningforteenagersisessential.D．Centraltothisphaseistheconceptofsocialemotions.E．Thishelpsshapetheirownpersonalprinciplesandbeliefs.F．Familiesplayacrucialroleinmodelinganddevelopingtheseskills.G．Moreover,socialemotionalskillsarecloselylinkedtomentalhealth.【答案】16．D17．E18．G19．F20．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期，说明了社会情感技能的作用和重要性。16．根据上文“Theteenageyearsareatransformativeperiodmarkedbygreatphysical,psychological,andemotionalchanges.(青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期)”以及后文“Theyrefertothefeelingsthatariseduringinteractionswithothers,suchasgratitude,shame,sympathy,guilt,andpride.(它们指的是在与他人互动时产生的感觉，比如感激、羞耻、同情、内疚和骄傲)”可知，本句主要承接上文，继续说明青少年时期的情感变化阶段，故D选项“这个阶段的核心是社会情感的概念”符合语境，故选D。17．根据上文“Understandingandmanagingsocialemotionscanhelpdevelopteenagers’identities.Teenagersexperienceawiderangeofemotionsfromsocialinteractions,whichsignificantlyinfluencestheirselfunderstandingandsocialawareness.Intheprocess,theylearntounderstand,andappropriatelyrespondtoboththeirownemotionsandthoseofothers.(理解和管理社会情绪可以帮助发展青少年的身份。青少年在社会交往中体验到各种各样的情绪，这对他们的自我理解和社会意识有很大的影响。在这个过程中，他们学会理解并适当地回应自己和他人的情绪)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明理解和回应自己和他人情绪的作用。故E选项“这有助于塑造他们自己的个人原则和信仰”符合语境，故选E。18．根据后文“Teenagerswithstrongsocialemotionalskillsarebetterequippedtohandlestress,resistpeerpressure,andavoidriskybehaviors,reducingthelikelihoodofdevelopingmentalhealthissues.(拥有强大社交情感技能的青少年能够更好地处理压力，抵抗同辈压力，避免危险行为，减少发展心理健康问题的可能性)”可知，本句总结后文，后文主要说明了社交情感技能会影响青少年心理健康。故G选项“此外，社交情感技能与心理健康密切相关”符合语境，故选G。19．根据后文“Thisenvironmentinfluencesteenagers’earliestunderstandingofhowtomunicateandmanagetheiremotions.Theyfeelsafeandsupportivetoexpresstheiremotionsfreelyandlearntomanagethemwithoutfearofjudgment.Schoolsalsoplayasignificantrolethroughsocialemotionallearningprogramsthatteachtheseskillsinastructuredenvironment.munityinvolvement,extracurricularactivities,andpeer(同伴)interactionsofferadditionalopportunitiesforteenagerstopracticeandrefinetheirsocialemotionalskills.(这种环境影响了青少年对如何沟通和管理情绪的最早理解。他们感到安全和支持自由地表达自己的情绪，并学会管理他们，而不用担心被评判。学校也通过在结构化的环境中教授这些技能的社会情感学习项目发挥了重要作用。社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动为青少年练习和完善他们的社交情感技能提供了额外的机会)”可知，后文列举了学校、社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动对培养情感技能的作用，可知本句也是在说明会影响青少年情绪技能的环境。故F选项“家庭在培养和培养这些技能方面起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选F。20．根据后文“Itcontributestoateenager’sabilitytomanagetheirownemotions,understandothers’emotions,andfacesocialplexities.Thislearningisacornerstoneforshapingtheiridentity,influencingtheirinterpersonalrelationships,academicsuccess,mentalhealth,andfuturelifeoutes.(它有助于青少年管理自己的情绪，理解他人的情绪，以及面对社会复杂性的能力。这种学习是塑造他们的身份、影响他们的人际关系、学业成功、心理健康和未来生活成果的基石)”可知，本段总结了情感技能的重要性，C选项中Socialemotionlearning对应后文It。故C选项“对青少年来说，社会情感学习是必不可少的”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Ifoundabrownbagoutsideafterourmove.“GrassSeed,”itsaidinbigletters.MyhusbandandI21theseedsalloverthedirtyyardinfrontofournewhouse.“Ihavenoideaiftheywill22,”Itoldhim,“butit’sworthashot.”Justlikeour23tomovetotheruralArizona.Nearournewhousesatacharmingcottage,whichwas24totourists.Igotajobofferto25thecottage.I’dworkedinhotelsforyears,sowhenofferedthe26,Ijumpedatit.Still,itwasabigchange.I27thatitwouldbearightmove.Whilewewaitedforourgrasstogrow—ornot—we28settledintoournewhousethroughourefforts.Wemadeitacozyhome,despitethe29inthefrontyard,whichwasstillbarenow.Meanwhile,manyofthecottageguestsbecame30,andIgottoknowthemwell.Ifelt31tomaketheirstaysmemorable.PerhapsIwasbetteratthatthan32.Butafteramonsoon(季风)sweptthrough,Iwokeuptoabeautifulmorningandlookedoutthewindow.Therewasnograssgrowinginthesunlight.33,ouryardwascoveredinarainbowofzinnias(百日菊)!ThefrontyardturnedoutevenbetterthanIcouldhave34,justlikeournewlife.Anditremainsapowerful35ofthebeautythatawaitsusinournewchapter.21．A．spread B．sought C．collected D．removed22．A．remain B．last C．root D．dry23．A．need B．decision C．intention D．agreement24．A．given B．introduced C．sold D．rented25．A．explore B．lookafter C．advertise D．pulldown26．A．help B．service C．chance D．acmodation27．A．pretended B．decided C．prayed D．understood28．A．naturally B．gradually C．hardly D．temporarily29．A．danger B．potential C．uncertainty D．untidiness30．A．locals B．employers C．gardeners D．regulars31．A．curious B．grateful C．stressed D．proud32．A．houserenting B．yardcleaning C．growinggrass D．keepinghouse33．A．Instead B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore34．A．remembered B．imagined C．designed D．appreciated35．A．reminder B．memory C．test D．choice【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．B26．C27．C28．B29．C30．D31．D32．C33．A34．B35．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者和丈夫在搬到亚利桑那州乡村的新家后，尝试在前院种植草籽以改善院子环境，然而，他们的努力并未直接得到预期的结果——院子里并没有长出草来。相反，一阵季风过后，院子里意外地长出了彩虹般的百日菊，使院子变得比他们想象的还要美丽。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫把种子撒满了新房前肮脏的院子。A.spread撒，散播；B.sought寻找；C.collected收集；D.removed去除。根据下文“theseedsalloverthedirtyyard”可知，作者和丈夫把种子撒在院子里。故选A。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们是否会生根。A.remain保持；B.last持续；C.root生根；D.dry（使）变干。根据上文“MyhusbandandI__1__theseedsalloverthedirtyyard”可知，作者和丈夫在院子里撒下了种子，作者不知道那些种子是否会生根。故选C。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像我们决定搬到亚利桑那州的乡村一样。A.need需要；B.decision决定；C.intention目的，意图；D.agreement同意。根据下文“tomovetotheruralArizona”可知，作者决定搬到亚利桑那州的乡村。故选B。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的新房子附近有一座出租给游客的迷人小屋。A.given给；B.introduced介绍；C.sold卖；D.rented出租。根据上文“acharmingcottage”和下文“totourists”可知，那个小屋是租给游客。故选D。25．考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。句意：我得到了一份照看小屋的工作。A.explore探索；B.lookafter照看；C.advertise打广告；D.pulldown拆毁。根据下一段“Wemadeitacozyhome”可知，作者得到的工作是照看那个小屋。故选B。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在酒店工作多年，所以当有机会时，我就欣然接受了。A.help帮助；B.service服务；C.chance机会；D.acmodation住宿。根据上文“Igotajoboffer”可知，作者得到了一份工作，也就是一个机会。故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我祈祷这将是一个正确的举动。A.pretended假装；B.decided决定；C.prayed祈祷；D.understood明白。根据下文“itwouldbearightmove”可知，作者祈祷这将是一个正确的举动。故选C。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在等待草长出来或长不出来的时候，我们通过努力逐渐适应了我们的新房子。A.naturally自然地，天然地；B.gradually逐渐；C.hardly几乎不；D.temporarily暂时地。根据下文“settledintoournewhousethroughourefforts”可知，作者他们是逐渐适应新房子。故选B。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把它变成了一个舒适的家，尽管前院的情况不确定，现在还是空荡荡的。A.danger危险；B.potential潜力；C.uncertainty不确定性；D.untidiness不整洁。根据上文“Ihavenoideaiftheywill__2__”和“wewaitedforourgrasstogrow—ornot”可知，作者他们也不知道院子里的种子会不会发芽，这