职称英语理工类a级模拟24

职称英语理工类A级模拟24

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接

近的选项。

1>TheCommissionhasalsobegunlookingintotheroleofclimate.

A.rollB.road

C.partD.character

2、Thistape-recorderhasatape-slidefacility,

A.toolB.faculty

C.buildingD.sign

3、FrancehaskeptintimatelinkswithitsformerAfricanterritories.

A.privateB.friendly

C.strongD.secret

4、Customersoftendeferpaymentaslongaspossible.

A,makeB.demand

C.obtainD.postpone

5、Thecuriouslooksfromthestrangersaroundhermadeherfeeluneasy.

A.differentB.proud

C.unconsciousD.uncomfortable

6、TheattackonFortSumternearCharlestonprovokedasharpresponsefrom

theNorth,which16dtotheAmericanCivilWar.

A.demandedB.elicited

C.extractedD.defied

7、IntheUnitedStateseducationalsystem,intermediateschoolisthe

transitionalphasebetweentheprimarygradesandhighschool.

A.stageB.notion

C.patternD.alternative

8、Sheisveryconscientiousaboutherwork.

A.worriedB.careful

C.anxiousD.nervous

9、Heexpressedconcernthattheshipmightbeindistress.

A.despairB.difficulties

C.needD.danger

10、Theleadingastronomersofthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturieswere

fascinatedbycomets.

A.intriguedB.infected

C.inconveniencedD.inclined

11>UnfortunatelywarstartedsuddenlyintheMiddleEastonOctober6,1973.

A.brokeoutB.brokeoff

C-brokethroughD.brokeaway

12>Mymotherhaslivedseparatelysincemyfatherdied20yearsago.

A.singleB.alone

C.soleD.lonely

13、Gunpowderwasusedextensivelyinfirearmspriorto1990.

A.inB.around

C•fromD.before

14、Jackisadiligentstudent.

A.hardworkingB.ambitious

C.lazyD.slow

15>Foreignmoneycanbeconvertedintothelocalcurrencyatthisbank.

A.alteredB.changed

C.boughtD.sold

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文

中没有提及，请选择C。

KitchenDesign

Overtheyearseconomic,socialandtechnologicalfactorshaveinfluenced

thedesignofkitchens.Sinceitisoftenusedsimultaneouslybybothfamily

membersaswellasguests,thekitchenrequiresnotonlyaglamorouslook

butapracticalone.Also,thedesignelementsmustmeettheneedsofthe

modernfamily.

Environmentalconcernshavehadanenormousimpactonkitchendesign.This

concernincludesrecyclingofhouseholdmaterialzaswellasenergyefficient

appliancesandthepurityofbothwaterandair.Researchshowsthatupto

85percentofthepopulationisconcernedaboutwhatmightbeintheirdrinking

water.Theyarealsooftendissatisfiedwiththetasteandodorofwhatcomes

outoftheirtap.Thisiswhyit1simportanttoconsideraddingawaterfilter

system.

Thecharacteroftoday*skitchenisverydifferentfromthewayitwas

thirtyyearsago.There1smoresophisticationinfoodpreparation,andmore

technologicalhelpwithcookingandclean-up.

Whenchoosingcabinetszfirstconsiderthestyle.Usethearchitectural

styleofyourhouseasaguide.Becausecabinetsareabiginvestmentzit

isbesttochoosequality.Popularstylesinkitchencabinetsareframedpanel

doorswithraisedorrecessedpanelsofwood,cabinetfrontswithglasspanesz

orsimpleslabdoorsinarichpaintedorlaminatedfinish.Cabinetpullsz

don*tbeafraidtomixandmatchstyles.

Becausemanyoftoday1skitchensconsistoftwoormorecookssharingin

themealpreparation,thereisaneedformorecounterspacezcooktopsand

sinks.Althoughlifestylesarechanging,theprimaryfunctionofthekitchen

asanareaforpreparingfoodhasremainedunchanged.Thesinkremainsone

ofthemostusedareasinthekitchenaswellasanimportantdecorativestatement.

Appliancetechnologyismovingataveryfastpace.Choosingwhattype

ofappliancesaswellashowmanywilldependonseveralfactorssuchashow

oftenandhowmuchyoucookandthesizeofyourkitchen.

Don*tlimityourselftooneofeachkindofappliance.Youcanhavea

refrigeratorinoneplaceandafreezerinaseparateareaortwosetsof

cooktops,oneonthecounternexttothewallovenandoneonanisland.

Youcanevenhavetwodishwashersifsizeandbudgetrequireandpermit—think

ofitassavingtimeinthelongrun.

16>Awe11-designedkitchenshouldbemodern,beautifulandpracticalatthe

sametime.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Beingharmlesstotheenvironmentisthetoppriorityinkitchendesign.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Qualitymattersthemostwhenyouarechoosingkitchencabinets.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Morecounterspace,cooktopsandsinkareneededintoday1skitchens

becausefoodpreparation

ismorecomplicatedthanitusedtobe.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Thedesignofthesinkisindicativeofakitchendesigner*sintelligence.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Meansofsavinglabor,appliancesshouldbereplacedwhenevernewmodels

comeout.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Itistheamountoftimeyoucanspendinthekitchenthatdecideshow

manyappliancesofthe

samekindyoushouldbuy.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每段

选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

ScreenTest

1EveryyearmillionsofwomenarescreenedwithX-raystopickupsignsofbreast

cancer,ffthishappensearlyenough,thediseasecanoftenbetreatedsuccessfully.

Accordingtoasurveypub-lishedlastyear,21countrieshavescreeningprogrammes.

Nineofthem,includingAustralia,Canada,theUSandSpain,screenwomenunder50.

2Butthemedicalbenefitsofscreeningtheseyoungerwomenarecontroversial,

partlybecausetheradiationbringsasmallriskofinducingcancer.Also,younger

womenmustbegivenhigherdosesofX-raysbecausetheirbreasttissueisdenser.

3ResearchersatthePolytechnicUniversityofValenciaanalyzedtheeffectof

screeningmorethan160,000womenat11localclinics.Afterestimatingthewomen's

cumulativedoseofradiation,theyusedtwomodelstocalculatethenumberofextra

cancersthiswouldcause.

4ThemathematicalmodelrecommendedbyBritain'sNationalRadiological

ProtectionBoard（NRPB.predictedthatthescreeningprogrammewouldcause36

cancersper100,000women,18ofthemfatal.ThemodelpreferredbytheUNScientific

CommitteeontheEffectsofAtomicRadiationledtoalowerfigureof20cancers.

5Theresearchersarguethatthelevelofradiation-inducedcancersis"notvery

significant"comparedtothefarlargernumberofcancersthatarediscovered

and.treated.TheValenciaprogramme,theysay,detectsbetween300and450casesof

breastcancerinevery100,000womenscreened.

6Buttheypointoutthattheriskofwomencontractingcancerfromradiation

couldbereducedbybetween40and80percentifscreeningbeganat50insteadof45,

becausetheywouldbeexposedtolessradiation.Theresultsoftheirstudy,theysuggest,

couldhelp"optimizethetechnique"forbreastcancerscreening.

7"Thereisatrade-offbetweenthediagnosticbenefitsofbreastscreeningandits

risks,'*admitsMichaelClarkoftheNRPB.Buthewarnsthatthestudyshouldbe

interpretedwithcaution."Onthebasisofthecurrentdata,forevery10cancers

successfullydetectedandpreventedthereisariskofcausingonelaterinlife.That's

whyradiationexposureshouldbeminimizedinanyscreeningprogramme.

A.HarmScreeningMayDotoaYoungerWoman

B.InvestigatingtheEffectofScreening

C.EffectsPredictedbyTwoDifferentModels

D.SmallRiskofInducingCancersfromRadiation

E.TreatmentofCancers

F.FactorsThatTriggerCancers

23、Paragraph2_______

24、Paraqraph3

25、Paraqraph4

26、Paraqraph5

A.becostly

B.harmful

C.savealife

D.stillopentodebate

E.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancer

F.reducedtotheminimum

27、Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay.

28>Advantagesofscreeningwomenunder50are.

29、Delayingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay.

30>Radiationexposureshouldbe.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题定1个最佳选项。

弟扁

DoubtsandDebatesovertheWorthofMBA

BillGateszthebillionaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleearned

universitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsabouttheworthof

thebusinessworld1sfavoriteacademictitle：theMBA（MasterofBusiness

Administration）.

TheMBA,a20th-centuryproductalwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerce

andgreed（贪婪）onthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessuch

asphilosophyandliterature.Butevenwiththerecessionapparentlycutting

intothehiringofbusinessschoolgraduateszabout79,000peopleareexpected

toreceiveMBAsin1993.Thisisnearly16timesthenumberofbusinessgraduates

in1960,atestimonytothewidespreadassumptionthattheMBAisvitalfor

youngmenandwomenwhowanttoruncompaniessomeday.11Ifyouaregoing

intothecorporateworlditisstilladisadvantagenottohaveone,"said

DonaldMorrison,professorofmarketingandmanagementscience."Butinthe

lastfiveyearsorso,whensomeonesays,1ShouldIattempttogetanMBA,,

theansweralotmoreis：Itdepends.n

ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWalton

ofWal-MartStoresInc.hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusiness

schoolcampusesovertheworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagement

skillscanbetaught.

TheHarvardBusinessReviewprintedalively,fictionalexchangeofletters

todramatizecomplaintsaboutbusinessdegreeholders.Thearticlecalled

MBAhires"extremelydisappointingnandsaid"MBAswantstomoveuptoofast,

theydon11understandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren11abletofunction

aspartofateamuntiltheirthirdyear.Butbythen,they*reoutlooking

n

forotherjobs.Theproblem,mostparticipantsinthedebateacknowledgez

isthattheMBAhasacquiredanaura（光环）offuturerichesandpowerfor

beyonditsactualimportanceandusefulness.

Enrollmentinbusinessschoolsexplodedinthe1970sand1980sandcreated

theassumptionthatnoonewhopursuedabusinesscareercoulddowithout

one.Thegrowthwasfueledbyabacklash（反冲）againsttheanti-businessvalues

ofthe1960sandbythewomen*smovement.

BusinesspeoplewhohavehiredorworkedwithMBAssaythosewiththedegrees

oftenknowhowtoanalyzesystemsbutarenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople.

"Theydon11getalotofgroundinginthepeoplesideofthebusiness,'*said

JamesShaffer,vicepresidentandprincipaloftheTowersPerrinmanagement

consultingfirm.

31、AccordingtoParagraph2,whatisthegeneralattitudetowardsbusiness

oncampusesdominatedbypurerdisciplines?

A.Envious.B.Scornful.

C.Realistic.D.Appreciative.

32、ItseemsthatthecontroversyoverthevaluesofMBAdegreeshasbeen

fueledmainlyby_______.

A.thesuccessofmanynonMBAs

B.thecomplaintsfromvariousemployers

C.theperformanceofMBAsatwork

D.thecriticismfromthescientistsofpurerdisciplines

33、WhatisthemajorweaknessofMBAholdersaccordingtoTheHarvardBusiness

Review?

A.Theyarenotgoodatdealingwithpeople.

B.Theykeepcomplainingabouttheirjobs.

C.Theyareusuallyselfcentered.

D.Theyareaggressiveandgreedy.

34、FromthepassageweknowthatmostMBAs.

A.canclimbthecorporateladderfairlyquickly

B.cherishunrealisticexpectationsabouttheirfuture

C.quittheirjobsoncetheyarefamiliarwiththeirworkmates

D.receivesalariesthatdonotmatchtheirprofessionaltraining

35>Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Adebateheldrecentlyonuniversitycampuses.

B.DoubtsabouttheworthofholdinganMBAdegree.

C.WhythereisanincreasedenrollmentinMBAprogrammes.

D.ThenecessityofreformingMBAprogramsinbusinessschools.

%—-^扁

BenefitPaymentstoAmericanWorkers

GermanChancellor（首相）OttoVonBismarckmaybemostfamousforhismilitary

anddiplomatictalentzbuthislegacy（遗产）includesmanyoftoday*ssocial

insuranceprograms.Duringthemiddleofthe19thcentury,Germany,along

withotherEuropeannations,experiencedanunprecedentedrashofworkplace

deathsandaccidentsasaresultofgrowingindustrialization.Motivatedin

partbyChristiancompassion（怜悯）forthehelplessaswellasapractical

politicalimpulsetoundercutthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement.,

ChancellorBismarckcreatedtheworld*sfirstworkers1compensationlawin

1884.

By1908ztheUnitedStateswastheonlyindustrialnationintheworld

thatlackedworkers1compensationinsurance.America1sinjuredworkerscould

suefordamagesinacourtoflaw,buttheystillfacedanumberoftough

legalbarriers.Forexample,employeeshadtoprovethattheirinjuriesdirectly

resultedfromemployernegligenceandthattheythemselveswereignorantabout

potentialhazardsintheworkplace.Thefirststateworkers*compensation

lawinthecountrypassedin1911zandtheprogramsoonspreadthroughout

thenation.

AfterWorldWarII,benefitpaymentstoAmericanworkersdidnotkeepup

withthecostofliving.Infact,realbenefitlevelswerelowerinthe1970s

thantheywereinthe1940szandinmoststatesthemaximumbenefitwasbelow

thepovertylevelforafamilyoffour.In1970zPresidentRichardNixon

setupanationalcommissiontostudytheproblemsofworkers1compensation.

Twoyearslater,thecommissionissued19keyrecommendationszincludingone

thatcalledforincreasingcompensationbenefitlevelsto100percentofthe

states*averageweeklywages.

Infact,theaveragecompensationbenefitinAmericahasclimbedfrom55

percentofthestates*averageweeklywagesin1972to97percenttoday.Butz

asmoststudiesshow,every10percentincreaseincompensationbenefitsresults

ina5percentincreaseinthenumbersofworkerswhofileforclaims.And

withsomuchmoremoneyfloatingintheworkers*compensationsystem,it1s

notsurprisingthatdoctorsandlawyershavehelpedthemselvestoalarge

sliceofthegrowingpie.

36、Theworld1sfirstworkers1compensationlawwasintroducedby

Bismarck_______.

A.forfearoflosingthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement

B.outofreligiousandpoliticalconsiderations

C.tospeedupthepaceofindustrialization

D.tomakeindustrialproductionsafer

37、Welearnfromthepassagethattheprocessofindustrializationin

Europe_______.

A.metgrowingresistancefromlaborersworkingatmachines

B.resultedinthedevelopmentofpopularsocialinsuranceprograms

C.wasaccompaniedbyanincreasednumberofworkshopaccidents

D.requiredworkerstobeawareofthepotentialdangersattheworkplace

38、OneoftheproblemstheAmericaninjuredworkersfacedingetting

compensationintheearly19thcenturywasthat_______.

A.theyhadtoproduceevidencethattheiremployerswereresponsiblefor

theaccident

B.America1saveragecompensationbenefitwasmuchlowerthanthecost

ofliving

C.differentstateintheU.S.hadtotallydifferentcompensationprograms

D.theyhadtohavethecouragetosuefordamagesinacourtoflaw

39、After1972workers*compensationinsuranceintheU.S.becamemorefavorable

toworkerssothat_______.

A.thepovertylevelforafamilyoffourwentupdrastically

B.moremoneywasallocatedtotheircompensationsystem

C.therewerefewerlegalbarrierswhentheyfiledforclaims

D.thenumberofworkerssuingfordamagesincreased

40、Theauthorendsthepassagewiththeimplicationthat.

A.compensationbenefitsinAmericaaresoaringtonewheights

B.peoplefromallwalksoflifecanbenefitfromthecompensationsystem

C.theworkersarenottheonlyonestobenefitfromthecompensationsystem

D.moneyfloatinginthecompensationsystemisahugedrainontheU.S.

Economy

第二篇

TheSchoolClose

WhenschoolofficialsinKalkaska,Michigan,closedclasseslastweek,

themediaflockedtothestory,portrayingthetown1s2,305studentsasvictims

ofstingy（吝啬的）taxpayers.Thereissometruthtothat：theproperty-tax

ratehereisone-thirdlowerthanthestateaverage.Butshuttingtheirschools

alsoswallowedKalkaska*seducatorsandthestate*slargestteachers*union,

theMichiganEducationAssociation,tomakeapoliticalpoint.Theiraimwas

tospurpassageoflegislationMichiganlawmakersaredebatingtoincrease

thestate'sshareofschoolfunding

ItwasnocoincidencethatKalkaskashutitsschoolstwoweeksafterreduced

a28percentproperty-taxincrease.Theschoolboardarguedthatwithoutthe

increaseitlackedthe$1.5millionneededtokeepschoolsopen.

Buttheschoolsystemhadnotdoneallitcouldtokeeptheschoolsopen.

Officialsdeclinedtoborrowagainstnextyear1sstateaid,theyrefusedto

trimextracurricularactivitiesandtheydidnotconsiderseekinga

smaller-perhapsmoreacceptable-taxincrease.Infact,closingearlyiscosting

Kalkaskaasignificantamount,including4600,000inunemp1oymentpayments

toteachersandstaffand$250,000inloststatesubsidy.InFebruary,the

schoolsystempromisedteachersandstafftwomonthsofretirementpayments

incaseschoolsclosedearly,adealthatwillcostthedistrict$275z000

more.

Othersignssuggestschoolauthoritieswereatleastaseagertomakea

politicalstatementastokeepschoolsopen.TheMichiganEducationAssociation

hiredapublicrelationsfirmtostagearallymarkingtheschoolclosings,

whichattracted14localandnationaltelevisionstationsandnetworks.The

presidentoftheNationalEducationAssociation,theMEA'sparentorganization,

flewfromWashingtonD.C.,fortheevent.2kndtouniontutoredschoolofficials

intheartoftelevisioninterviews.SchoolsupervisorDoyleDisbrow

acknowledgesthedistrictcouldhavekeptschoolsopenbycuttingprograms

butdeniesthemoveswerepoliticallymotivated.

Michiganlawmakershavereactedangrilytotheclosings.ThestateSenate

hasalreadyvotedtoputthesystemintoreceivership（破产管理）andreopen

schoolsimmediately；TheMichiganHousePlanstoconsiderthebillthisweek.

41>WelearnfromthepassagethatschoolsinKalkaska,Michigan,are

funded_______.

A.mainlybythestategovernment

B.exclusivelybythelocalgovernment

C.bytheNationalEducationAssociation

D.byboththelocalandstategovernments

42、Oneofthepurposesforwhichschoolofficialsclosedclasseswas.

A.todrawtheattentionoflocaltaxpayerstopoliticalissues

B.to.avoidpayingretirementbenefitstoteachersandstaff

C.topressureMichiganlawmakersintoincreasingstatefundsforlocal

schools

D.tomakethefinancialdifficultiesoftheirteachersandstaffknown

tothepublic

43、Theauthorseemstodisapproveof.

A.theshuttingofschoolsinKalkaska

B.theinvolvementofthemassmedia

C.theMichiganlawmakers*endlessdebating

D.delayingthepassageoftheschoolfundinglegislation

44、WelearnfromthepassagethatschoolauthoritiesinKalkas

kaaremoreconcernedabout_______.

A.makingapoliticalissueoftheclosingoftheschools

B.theattitudeoftheMEA*sparentorganization

C.araiseintheproperty-taxrateinMichigan

D.reopeningtheschoolsthereimmediately

45、Accordingtothepassage,theclosingoftheschoolsdevelopedintoa

crisisbecauseof_______.

A.thestrongprotestonthepartofthestudents*parents

B.thepoliticalmotivesonthepartofthe,educators

C.theweakresponseofthestateofficials

D.thecomplexity