2023-2024学年湖北省部分普通高中高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省部分普通高中2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandotomorrowmorning?A.Picksomeoneup.B.Taketheplane.C.Seethewomanoff.2.Whatisthemandoing?ACooking.B.Repairingthepan.C.Fillinguphiscar.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Ontheplane.C.Onabus.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Havearest.B.TurnofftheTV.C.Leavethejobtoher.5.Whatisthewoman?A.Adoctor.B.Awaitress.C.Anoperator.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatcolordoesthemanwant?A.White.B.Black.C.Yellow.7.What'sthepriceoftheshirt?A.￥120.B.￥112.C.￥100.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whatistheman'smothergoingtodo?A.Meetthewoman.B.Seeadoctor.C.Gobackhome.9.Whendidthemangethisnewcar?A.Aweekago.B.Twoweeksago.C.Amonthago.10.Whichoneistheman'snewcar?A.AgrayBMW.B.AwhiteNissan.C.AblackHonda.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetripalltogether?A.$339.B.$678.C.$1,356.12.Whatdoestheman'spackageinclude?A.Fivenights'accommodationandairtickets.B.Asightseeingtouronboatandaccommodation.C.Thestayandmeals.13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanhasjustgotmarried.B.Thespeakerswilltakeaboattothedestination.CTheMaidoftheMististhemostbeautifulscenery.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Workmates.C.Doctorandpatient.15.Whatdoesthemanusuallyeatforlunch?A.Asandwichandacupofcoffee.B.Noodles.CSomesnacks.16.Howdoesthemangoalongwithhiswork?A.Hedoeshisworkverywell.B.Hedoesn'tlikehiswork.C.Hehasalotoftroubleinhiswork.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Eatmorevegetables.B.Takesomeexercise.C.Beawayfromwork.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Whichbookwillyouchooseifyoulikescience?A.ShallowEarth.B.GivemeShelter.C.JumpfortheStars.19.WhoarethemaincharactersofShallowEarth?A.Agroupofsoldiers.B.Agroupofplayers.C.Twoyoungpeople.20.WhatisTrayMcGrady?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Adirector.C.Awriter.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThereareendlessopportunitiestoenjoyfishingintheLakeDistrict.Manyofourriversholdgoodstocksofallkindsoffish.Severalofthelargerlakesareparticularlygoodfortheircoarsefishing(捕捉杂鱼活动)better.MuchofthefishingwithintheNationalParkiscontrolledbylocalAngling(钓鱼)Associations.Thesewelcomevisitorsandofferarangeofdailyorweeklypermits.VisitorscanalsoenjoyfishingforfreeonWindermere,UllswaterandConistonWater.Thingstorememberwhenfishing:ForwheelchairanglersAnelectricwheelchairaccessibleboatisavailableatConistonBoatingCentre.Itisadaptedwithaspecialramp(活动坡道)tocarryuptosixwheelchairusers.Thetopspeedissixmph(milesperhour),whichisperfectforwheelchairanglersCodeofconductAnglersmust:followgoodanglingpracticesothatthenextgenerationcancontinuetoenjoyfishingfollowanylocaland/orseasonalrestrictionstoallowadisturbance-freeperiodforvegetation,fish,birdsandotherwildlifenotuselivebait(鱼饵)--thisisbannedbytheEnvironmentAgencyasitincreasestheriskofintroductionofdiseaseandpestspeciesHelpnativewildlifeInvasive(入侵的)non-nativespeciesofwildlifecanbecarriedaroundonequipment,footwear,clothingandboats.Youmayunintentionallyspreadforeigncreaturesevenifyoujustgoforapaddle!Everytimeyouleaveanywatersuchasariverorlake,youneedto:Check-Clean-DryCheckyourequipmentandclothingforlivingorganisms.Payparticularattentiontodamporhard-to-inspectareas.Cleanandwashallequipmentfootwearandclothesthoroughly.Ifyoudocomeacrossanyorganisms,leavethematthelakeorriverwhereyoufoundthemoronahardsurfacetodieout.Dryallequipmentandclothing.Somespeciescanliveformanydaysindampconditions.1.Whichplaceisthemostconvenientfordisabledanglers?A.Ullswater. B.Windermere.C.ConistonWater. D.TheNationalPark.2.WhatshouldpeopledowhilefishingintheLakeDistrict?A.Avoidusinglivewormsasbait.B.Stayawayfromwildanimals.C.Takeenoughclothingtokeepwarm.D.Watchoutforpestspeciesallthetime.3.Howcananglersensuretheydon’tcarryforeigncreatures?A.Bykeepingtheirclothingdryallthetime.B.Byabandoningwetpersonalthingsatthescene.C.Bygoingforapaddleonlyinthebiggerriversandlakes.D.Bycleaninganddryingtheirequipmentandclothingafterfishing.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了在英国湖区钓鱼时需要注意的一些事项。——★参考答案★——1.C2.A3.D【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Forwheelchairanglers部分的“AnelectricwheelchairaccessibleboatisavailableatConistonBoatingCentre.(科尼斯顿划船中心提供电动轮椅无障碍船。)”可知，ConistonWater有可以使用轮椅的无障碍船，残疾人更方便。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Codeofconduct部分的“●notuselivebait(鱼饵)—thisisbannedbyheEnvironmentAgencyasitincreasestheriskofintroductionofdiseaseandpestspecies(不使用活物当鱼饵——这是环境署禁止的，因为它增加了引入病虫害物种的风险。)”可知，湖区里禁止使用活虫作诱饵。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Helpnativewildlife部分的“Cleanandwashallequipmentfootwearandclothesthoroughly.Ifyoudocomeacrossanyorganisms,leavethematthelakeorriverwhereyoufoundthemoronahardsurfacetodieout.(彻底清洁和清洗所有设备鞋类和衣物。如果你真的遇到了任何生物，把它们留在你发现它们的湖里或河里，或者放在坚硬的表面上让它们灭绝。)”和“●Dryallequipmentandclothing.Somespeciescanliveformanydaysindampconditions.(干燥所有设备和衣物。有些物种可以在潮湿的条件下生存很多天。)”可知，垂钓者在捕鱼后清洁和干燥其设备和衣物可以确保他们不携带外来生物。故选D。BJacobhatedfinishingthingsalmostasmuchashelovedstartingthem.Asaresult,hehadgottenintoamillionhobbiesandactivities,butheneverstuckwithanyofthemlongenoughtogetanygood.HebeggedhismotherformonthsforaguitarsothathecouldplaysongstoAngie,agirlheliked,butafterhefinallygotoneforChristmas,hefoundoutthatguitarsdidn’tplaythemselves.Hetookafewlessons,butthestringshurthisfingers,sonowthefive-hundreddollarguitarlivesunderhisbed.Afterreadinganadinthebackofoneofhiscomicbooks,Jacobdecidedthathewantedametaldetector(探测器),sothathecouldfindburiedtreasure.Bythetimespringcamehehadsaved$200andpurchasedthemetaldetector.Hebeepeditaroundtheparkforawhile,butsoonfoundoutthatnoonehadeverleftanytreasureinhisneighborhood.Heburiedthemetaldetectorinhisclosest.GivenJacob’shistorywithhobbies,itwasnosurprisethatJacob’sfatherwasunwillingtobuyhimamagician’skit(魔术包)forhisbirthday.“Dad,thistimeI’llstickwithitforreal.Ipromise!”Jacobbegged.Jacob’sfathersighed.Buthewasremindedofhisownyouthlongago,whenhequitfootballandstartedboxingpracticebeforehardlygettinghisequipmentdirty.SowhenJacob’sbirthdaycamearound,hewasbothsurprisedandpleasedtofindthemagician’skitthathehaddesiredsobadly.AsJacobcontinuedpullingplasticthumbsandgiantplayingcardsoutofthekit,anadontheTVcaughthisattention.“Heykids!Haveyoueverwantedtogotospace?Foronly$195youcangotospacecampandlivelifelikeanastronautforawholeweekend!”Astheadcontinuedplaying,JacobwalkedawayfromthemagickitandstaredattheTVscreeneagerly.Jacob’scryrangthroughoutthehouseasheyelled,“MOM!”Henowknewwhathistruepurposeinlifewas.4.WhydidJacobstopplayingtheguitar?A.Itwastooexpensive. B.Hedislikedthelessons.C.Ithurthisfingers. D.Hebecameinterestedincomicbooks.5.Jacob’sfatherdecidedtobuyhimthemagician’skitbecause________.A.Jacobremindedhisfatherofhimself B.Jacob’sbirthdaywascomingC.Jacobquitmanyexpensiveactivities D.Jacobinsistedonhavingit6.WhichofthefollowingisJacobmostlikelytodonextbasedontheendofthestory?A.Becomeagreatmagician. B.Raisemoneytogotospacecamp.C.Detectanincrediblehiddentreasure. D.Learntoplayguitarwell.7.WhatcanbelearnedaboutJacobaccordingtothepassage?A.Hewasdeterminedinpursuinghisdreams. B.Hefinallyfoundhistruepurposeinlife.C.Hehasalwayswantedtobeamagician. D.Heneverstuckwithanythingforlong.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jacob是一个喜新厌旧的孩子，他有很多爱好，从吉他到金属探测仪，到魔术工具包再到太空旅行，但是没有一个爱好他能坚持下来。——★参考答案★——4.C5.A6.B7.D【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hetookafewlessons,butthestringshurthisfingers,sonowthefive-hundreddollarguitarlivesunderhisbed.(他上了几节课，但琴弦弄伤了他的手指，所以现在这把价值五百美元的吉他就放在他的床底下。)”可知，Jacob不再弹吉他的原因是琴弦伤了他的手指，故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Buthewasremindedofhisownyouthlongago,whenhequitfootballandstartedboxingpracticebeforehardlygettinghisequipmentdirty.SowhenJacob’sbirthdaycamearound,hewasbothsurprisedandpleasedtofindthemagician’skitthathehaddesiredsobadly(但是他想起了很久以前自己的青年时代，当时他放弃了足球，开始练拳击，几乎没有把他的装备弄脏。因此，当雅各布的生日来临时，他既惊讶又高兴地发现了他渴望很久的魔术师工具箱)”可知，Jacob的爸爸决定给Jacob买魔术师工具箱是因为Jacob让父亲想起了自己的经历，故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Heykids!Haveyoueverwantedtogotospace?Foronly$195youcangotospacecampandlivelifelikeanastronautforawholeweekend!”Astheadcontinuedplaying,JacobwalkedawayfromthemagickitandstaredattheTVscreeneagerly.Jacob’scryrangthroughoutthehouseasheyelled,“MOM!”Henowknewwhathistruepurposeinlifewas.(“嘿，孩子们！你想过去太空吗？只要195美元，你就可以去参加太空夏令营，像宇航员一样度过整个周末！”当广告继续播放时，雅各布从魔术工具箱旁走开，热切地盯着电视屏幕。雅各布的喊声响彻整个房子，他喊道:“妈妈！”他现在知道他人生的真正目的是什么了。)”可知，根据故事的结尾，Jacob下一步最有可能筹集钱去太空营，故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Asaresult,hehadgottenintoamillionhobbiesandactivities,butheneverstuckwithanyofthemlongenoughtogetanygood.(结果，他有了无数的兴趣爱好和活动，但是他从来没有坚持足够长的时间，以至于没有获得任何好处。)”可推知，Jacob对任何事都不会坚持太久。故选D。CThisfall,studentsattheUniversityofMassachusettsfoundanewmenuattheircanteens:the“dietforacoolerplanet”menu.Thismeantherb-roastedlamb,raisedwithacarbon-friendlyapproach.Itincludedsweetpotatoesthathadbeenpickedfromalocalfarm’sfield.Theoptionswereplant-heavy,locallygrown,andinvolvedlittleornopackaging.“Wewantedtoletstudentsparticipateinclimateactionbymakingchoicesabouttheirfood”saysKathyWicks,sustainability(可持续发展)directorforUMassDiningTheuniversityisnotaloneinthiseffort.Increasingly,Americanconsumersandinstitutionsarethinkingabouthowtheirfoodchoicesimpactclimatechange.Formany,smallchoicesatthegrocerystoreandrestaurantcanbemoreaccessiblethanbig-ticketoptionslikebuyingafuel-efficientcar.Smallchangesineatinghabitsmaymakeabigdifference.Studiespointtothefoodsystemasasignificantcauseofglobalwarming.AccordingtoProjectDrawdown,aresearchorganizationthatevaluatesclimatesolutions,thewayfoodisgrown,transported,andconsumedaccountsforabout1/4oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Beefisaregulartarget.“If,onaverage,Americanscut1/4poundofbeefperweekfromtheirdiet,it’sliketaking10millioncarsofftheroadayear,”saysSujathaBergen,directorofhealthcampaignsfortheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil.Foodwasteranksthirdamongclimatesolutions.Whilemuchwasteoccursbeforeconsumersareinvolved,Americansalsothrowoutalotoffoodtheyhavepurchased(购买)about$1,600worthayearperfamilyoffour.“Peoplearebeginningtounderstandthattheirfoodchoiceshaveabigimpactonclimate.”saysMeganLarnner,directorofregionalfoodattheGlynwoodCenterforRegionalFoodandFarminginNewYork.Butsheaddsthatsubstantialchangewillneedtocomefromthewholefoodsystem.8.WhatisthepurposeofthenewmenuattheUniversityofMassachusetts?A.Tomarketthecolddishes. B.Toreducethecostofpackaging.C.Toraiselowcarbonawareness. D.Topopularizetheplant-heavydiet.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Foodchoicesmattermuchtoglobalwarming.B.Foodisadecisivefactorforclimatechange.C.Universitiesareworkingtogetherinclimateaction.D.Fuel-efficientcarsarenotaffordableforconsumers.10.WhatdoesSujathaBergensayaboutbeef?A.ItplaysasignificantroleinAmerican’sdiet. B.Itispopularamongmillionsofcardrivers.C.Ithasnorelationshipwithgasemission. D.Ithasgreatinfluenceoncarbonreduction.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FoodSystemReform:ASuccessfulTrial B.LowCarbonDiet:Atrend,orMore?C.CarbonEmission:AKiller,orHealer? D.GlobalWarming:AnApproachingDanger【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物为应对气候变化做出贡献。——★参考答案★——8.C9.A10.D11.B【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisfall,studentsattheUniversityofMassachusettsfoundanewmenuattheircanteens:the‘dietforacoolerplanet’menu.Thismeantherb-roastedlamb,raisedwithacarbon-friendlyapproach.Itincludedsweetpotatoesthathadbeenpickedfromalocalfarm’sfield.Theoptionswereplant-heavy,locallygrown,andinvolvedlittleornopackaging.(今年秋天，马萨诸塞大学的学生们在食堂里发现了一份新菜单：‘更凉爽星球的饮食’菜单。这意味着以碳友好的方式饲养的香草烤羊肉。其中包括从当地农场采摘的红薯。这些选择以植物为主，在当地种植，很少使用包装或没有包装。)”可知，马萨诸塞大学新菜单的目的是提高低碳意识。故选C项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Increasingly,Americanconsumersandinstitutionsarethinkingabouthowtheirfoodchoicesimpactclimatechange.Formany,smallchoicesatthegrocerystoreandrestaurantcanbemoreaccessiblethanbig-ticketoptionslikebuyingafuel-efficientcar.(越来越多的美国消费者和机构开始考虑他们的食物选择如何影响气候变化。对许多人来说，在杂货店和餐馆里选择一些小的东西比买一辆省油的汽车这样的大选择更容易。)”可知，食物选择影响气候变化，比起节能汽车等昂贵的物品来说，食物选择是人们更容易做到的，由此可推知，食物选择对全球变暖意义重大。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中SujathaBergen所说“If,onaverage,Americanscut1/4poundofbeefperweekfromtheirdiet,it’sliketaking10millioncarsofftheroadayear.(如果美国人平均每周从他们的饮食中减少1/4磅牛肉，这就像每年减少1000万辆汽车。)”可知，牛肉对减少碳排放量有很大的影响。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“Smallchangesineatinghabitsmaymakeabigdifference.Studiespointtothefoodsystemasasignificantcauseofglobalwarming.(饮食习惯的小改变可能会产生很大的不同。研究指出，粮食系统是全球变暖的一个重要原因。)”以及最后一段中“Peoplearebeginningtounderstandthattheirfoodchoiceshaveabigimpactonclimate.(人们开始明白，他们的食物选择对气候有很大的影响。)”可知，本文主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物为应对气候变化做出贡献。B项“低碳饮食：是趋势，或是更多？”适合做文章标题，故选B项。DInhabitatsacrosstheplanet,animalsperiodicallydropeverythingtowalk,flyorswimtoanewplace.Wildlifesuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseacombinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.Anothergroupofmigratorsdoesnotquitefiteithermodel,andresearchershaveonlyrecentlystartedtofigureouthowtheyfindtheirway.TaketheCory’sshearwater,anoceangoingseabirdthatmigratesovertheAtlanticeveryyear.Theyoungdonotmigratewiththeirparents,soculturecannotexplaintheirjourneys.Andtheexactpathsvarywildlyfromindividualtoindividual,makinggeneticsequallyunlikely.Cory’sshearwatersarelong-lived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.Researcherscallthisthe“exploration-refinement”,anduntilnowithasbeenhypothetical(假设的)becauseofdifficultiesintrackingmigratoryanimals’movements.Butateamofresearchershasdonethatbyattachingsmallgeolocatorstomorethan150ofthebirdsagedfourtonine.Theyfoundthatyoungerbirdstraveledlongerdistances,forlongerperiods,andhadmorediversepathsthanolderbirds.“Wefinallyhaveevidenceofthe‘exploration-refinement’formigratorybirds,”saysLetiziaCampioni,wholedthestudy.YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults—buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse.Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,“explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganisms(生物)inarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictableman-madechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.“Itmightbesafertorepeatabehaviorthatwasrecentlysuccessfulthantorelyonpatternsthatwereperfectedlongagobutmightnolongerbesafe.”12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Itdescribesanimals’habitats. B.Ittalksaboutmigrationmodels.C.Itcomparesdifferentspecies. D.Itintroducesatrackingtechnology.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph3referto?A.Theopeningforlearningandpractice.B.TheuniquelivinghabitofCory’sshearwaters.C.ThewayCory’sshearwatersformtheirmigrationpatterns.D.TheprocessscientiststrackCory’sshearwaters’movements.14.WhatdoesLetizia’sstudyfindabouttheyoungerCory’sshearwaters?A.Theytravelasmuchasadultbirds. B.Theymoveinapredictablemanner.C.Theylowerthespeedforexploration. D.Theylookforacoursewiththeirparents.15.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Man-madechangesmakemigrationeasier.B.Animalsmakeasaferjourneyviaafixedtrack.C.Courseexplorationcontributestobirds’adaptability.D.Acombinationofstrategiesassuresmigrationsuccess.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对Cory海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。——★参考答案★——12.B13.C14.C15.C【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlifesuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseacombinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.(鲸鱼和鹅等野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，通过遗传密码获得迁徙的距离和方向。有些动物利用基因和文化的结合来指导它们的迁徙。)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’sshearwatersarelong-lived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.(Cory的海鸥寿命很长，很少能在9岁之前成功繁殖后代。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式留下了空间。)”和“Researcherscallthisthe“exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”。)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索－精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是Cory海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults—buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse.(小的Cory海鸥能飞得和成年海鸥一样快——但它们没有，这表明年轻的海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并适应一个更喜欢的航线，这种探索会逐渐消失。)”可知，Letizia的研究发现小Cory海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,“explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganisms(生物)inarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictableman-madechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.(BarbaraFrei说，尽管与其他策略相比，这种方法似乎效率较低，但“在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索改进可能对鸟类和其他生物有益。”)”可知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Stresscansignificantlyaffectyourabilitytokeepahealthyweight.___16___.Whetherit’stheresultofhighlevelsofthestresshormonecortisol(荷尔蒙皮质醇),orunhealthybehaviorrelatedtostress,thelinkbetweenstressandweightgainisobvious.Butdon’tworry.Hereareafewskillstohelpyou.Makeexercisepriority(优先)Exercisingisavitalpartofstressreductionandweightmanagement.Itcanhelpyouhandlebothissuesatthesametime.___17___.Whetheryougoforawalkduringyourlunchbreakorhitthegymafterwork,includeregularexerciseintoyourroutine.Keepafooddiary___18___.Areviewofstudiesthatexaminedthelinkbetweenself-monitoringandweightlossfoundthatthosewhokeptafooddiaryweremorelikelytomanageweightthanthosewhodidn’t.SowhetheryouuseanApptotrackyourfoodintakeoryouwriteeverythinginafooddiary,beingmoremindfulofwhatyouputinyourmouthcouldimproveyoureatinghabits.___19___Whetheryouenjoyyogaoryoufindcomfortinreadingagoodbook,tryaddingsimplestressrelieversliketakingadeepbreath,listeningtomusic,orgoingonawalkintoyourdailyroutine.Doingsocanreduceyourcortisollevels,helpingyoumanageyourweight.Stickwiththeskillsforawhile.Bydoingso,ithelpsmakethesehealthybehaviorahabitandbattlestress-relatedweightchanges.___20___.A.ItcanalsopreventyoufromlosingweightB.DecreasehormonecortisolinarightlevelC.Applystress-reliefskillstoyourdailylifeD.Remember:TheearlybirdcatchesthewormE.PayingattentiontoyoureatinghabitscanhelpyoucontrolyourfoodconsumptionF.Soit’snecessarytoworkouttopreventstress-relatedweightgainG.Persistencecanmakestressandweightfallbythewayside【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何控制因压力导致的不健康的体重。——★参考答案★——16.A17.F18.E19.C20.G【16题详析】空前讲“Stresscansignificantlyaffectyourabilitytokeepahealthyweight.(压力会显著影响你保持健康体重的能力。)”可知此处说的是压力的不利影响。A项“它还会阻碍你减肥”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。【17题详析】空前讲“Exercisingisavitalpartofstressreductionandweightmanagement.Itcanhelpyouhandlebothissuesatthesametime.(锻炼对减轻压力和控制体重发挥着重要作用。它可以帮助你同时处理这两个问题)”以及空后讲“Whetheryougoforawalkduringyourlunchbreakorhitthegymafterwork,includeregularexerciseintoyourroutine.(无论你在午休时散步，还是在下班后去健身房锻炼，把经常锻炼纳入你的日常生活。)”可知此处讲的是锻炼的必要性。F项“所以，(通过)锻炼来阻止与压力相关的体重增加是有必要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【18题详析】空后讲“Areviewofstudiesthatexaminedthelinkbetweenself-monitoringandweightlossfoundthatthosewhokeptafooddiaryweremorelikelytomanageweightthanthosewhodidn’t.(回顾自我监测和减肥之间联系的研究发现，那些记饮食日记的人比那些不记饮食日记的人更有可能控制体重。)”可知，要密切注意自己的饮食习惯和食物摄入量，E项“注意你的饮食习惯可以帮助你控制自己的食物消耗量”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】空处是本段小标题，“Doingsocanreduceyourcortisollevels,helpingyoumanageyourweight.(这样做可以降低你的皮质醇水平，帮助你控制体重。)”可知本段介绍了一些简单的压力缓解方法。C项“在你的日常生活中运用减压技巧”统领本段，符合段落大意。故选C。【20题详析】空前讲“Stickwiththeskillsforawhile.Bydoingso,ithelpsmakethesehealthybehaviorahabitandbattlestress-relatedweightchanges.(坚持这些技能一段时间。这样做可以帮助(你)将这些健康的行为形成习惯，并减少压力带来的体重变化。)”此处强调了坚持的重要性。G项“坚持可以让压力和体重大幅下降”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The____21____isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsofrubbishbecausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe____22____athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto____23____anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.____24____modernmanufacturing(制造业)andtechnology,companiesareabletoproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Anothercauseisourloveofdisposable(一次性的)products.As____25____people,wearealwayslookingfor____26____tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies____27____thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso____28____totheproblem.Weare____29____buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat_____30_____isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe_____31_____usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe_____32_____ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To_____33_____theamountofrubbishandtoprotecttheenvironment,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials._____34_____,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解决)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions_____35_____throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtochangeourspendinghabitstoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.21.A.key B.reason C.project D.problem22.A.face B.become C.observe D.change23.A.hide B.control C.replace D.withdraw24A.Thanksto B.Asto C.Exceptfor D.Regardlessof25.A.sensitive B.kind C.brave D.busy26.A.ways B.places C.jobs D.friends27.A.donate B.receive C.produce D.preserve28.A.adapts B.returns C.responds D.contributes29.A.tiredof B.addictedto C.worriedabout D.ashamedfor30.A.newer B.stronger C.higher D.larger31.A.pickup B.payfor C.holdonto D.throwaway32.A.advantages B.purposes C.functions D.consequences33.A.show B.record C.decrease D.measure34.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile35.A.by B.infavourof C.after D.insteadof——★参考答案★——21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是现代社会如何转变为一个“一次性社会”，并探讨了这一现象背后的原因以及由此产生的环境问题。29.B30.A31.D32.D33.C34.A35.D【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾越来越多，因为人们扔的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A.key钥匙；B.reason原因；C.project项目；D.problem问题。根据下文“countriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsofrubbish”可知，世界各国的垃圾越来越多，这是一个问题。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们是如何变成一个一次性的社会的？A.face面对；B.become成为；C.observe观察；D.change改变。根据上文“peoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore”可知，人们扔的垃圾比以往任何时候都多，我们这个社会成为了一次性的社会。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，现在更换一件物品比花时间和金钱修理它要容易得多。A.hide躲藏；B.control控制；C.replace代替，替换；D.withdraw撤回。根据第一段“whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone”可知，现在人们换掉一件物品比修理一件东西容易。故选C。【24题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：多亏了现代制造业和技术，公司能够快速和廉价地生产产品。A.Thanksto多亏了；B.Asto关于；C.Exceptfor除了；D.Regardlessof不管，不顾。根据下文“modernmanufacturing(制造业)andtechnology,companiesareabletoproductsquicklyandinexpensively”可知，多亏了现代制造业和技术，公司能够快速和廉价地生产产品。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更轻松的方法。A.sensitive敏感的；B.kind善良的；C.brave勇敢的；D.busy忙的。根据下文“tosavetime”可知，人们总是想节省时间，由此可见，人们都是忙碌的人。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更轻松的方法。A.ways方法；B.places地方；C.jobs工作；D.friends朋友。根据上文“lookingfor”和下文“tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier”可知，人们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更轻松的方法。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司生产成千上万种不同种类的一次性产品：纸盘、塑料杯和相机，仅举几例。A.donate捐赠；B.receive收到；C.produce生产；D.preserve保存。根据下文“thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts”可知，公司是生产很多一次性产品。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对新产品的渴望也导致了这个问题。A.adapts适应；B.returns回来；C.responds回答；D.contributes促成，是……的原因之一。根据上文“Ourappetitefornewproducts”和下文“theproblem”和“wewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts”可知，我们对新产品的渴望也导致我们喜欢把东西扔掉。故选D。【29题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们沉迷于买新东西。A.tiredof厌倦；B.addictedto对……上瘾，沉迷于；C.worriedabout担心；D.ashamedfor为……感到羞耻。根据下文“wewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts”可知，我们更喜欢最新的产品，所以是沉迷于买新东西。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广告使我们相信更新的产品更好，我们会更喜欢最新的产品。A.newer更新的；B.stronger更强大的；C.higher更高的；D.larger更大的。根据下文“wewillbehappierwiththelatestprod