新教材英语专题07 同义句

专题07《同义句》【考点精讲】同义句的概念：同义句就是指能用不同的句子或短语来表达同一意义的句子类型。现就同义句转换题的特点及转换形式进行分析，希望从中帮助同学们找出规律，提高其应试能力。同义句转换的实质就是替代、合并和改写句子。具体分析如下：方法一：替代法1、用一个新的词、短语替代原句中有关部分。如：①IreceivedaletterfromLucy.=IheardfromLucy.(receivealetterfrom→hearfrom)②Ioftenwalktoschooleveryday.=Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(walk→goonfoot)③ShedecidedtostoplearningEnglish.=ShedecidedtogiveupEnglish.(stopdoingsth.→giveupdoingsth.)2、用反义词来替代。如：3、④Weareindifferentrows.=Wearen’tinthesamerow.(different→same)4、⑤Mybikeischeaperthanyours.=Yourbikeismoreexpensivethanmine.(cheap→expensive)用反义词或反义短语来替换时，一般会有一个否定意义的词，如not,less,no,never,hardly等。方法二：合并句子法合并句子一般是通过并列连词将两个简单句合并为一句。常见的并列连词有：notonly…butalso,both…and,neither…nor,either…or等。例如：⑥Marydidn’tgotothepark.Ididn’t,either.=NeitherMarynorIwenttothepark.⑦WeiHuamaygotothecinema,orAnnmaybecausethereisonlyoneticket.=EitherWeiHuaorAnnmaygotothecinemabecausethereisonlyoneticket.⑧Johnhasgotapenfriend.Mikehasgotapenfriend,too.=NotonlyJohnbutalsoMikehasgotapenfriend.=BothJohnandMikehavegotpenfriends.方法三：改写句子法通过能够表达同一意义的不同句型、句式、语态的转换，来达到改写句子的目的。具体可分为：1、复合句改为简单句。含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，可用不定式改写，将宾语从句中的谓语动词变为不定式。如：⑨Weallagreethatweshouldleaveatonce.=Weallagreetoleaveatonce.⑩Couldyoutellmewhenwewillstart?=Couldyoutellmewhentostart?含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，还可用复合宾语，即宾语加宾语补助语来改写。如：1.Isawhewentintotheroomjustnow.=Isawhimgointotheroomjustnow.2.Edison’smotherfoundthathewasacleverboy.=Edison’smotherfoundhimclever.WeheardthatshewassinginginEnglish.=WeheardhersinginginEnglish.2、含状语从句的复合句变简单句时，常用以下方法：以so…that引导的结果状语从句常转换为too…to或enoughto结构。如：Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.另外还可通过结构和语态的转换来改写。如：Ican’tfinishtheworkifyoudon’thelpme.=Ican’tfinishtheworkwithoutyourhelp.=Ican’tfinishtheworkunlessyouhelpme.Weusecomputersinmanyways.=Computersareusedinmanyways.3、句型间的转换，要求对能够表达同一意义的常用句型结构了解甚透。如：Ittookmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.=Ispenttwohoursinfinishingmyhomework.Ifyoudon’thurry,youwillbelate.=Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.4、还可利用词性转换来改写。如：Therewasaheavysnowherelastnight.=Itsnowedheavilyherelastnight.UncleWanginventedthemachine.=UncleWangwastheinventorofthemachine.【典题突破】一、单选题（共5题；共10分）1.Ilikerainydays.A.Iliketherain.B.Ilikerainweather.C.Ilikeraindays.2.Nosmokinghere.A.Youcan'tsmokinghere.B.Youcansmokehere.C.Don'tsmokehere.3.Breakfastisimportant.A.It'simportantforbreakfast.B.It'simportanttohavebreakfast.C.Breakfastisimportanttohave.4.找出可以替换“Pleasedtomeetyou.”的语句：A.Nicetoseeyou. B.I'mfine.二、句型转换（共18题；共47分）5.Ijumphigherthanmybrother.(改为同义句)Mybrother________________thanme.6.Wehaveagoodtimeattheparty.(写同义句)Wehave________________________________attheparty.7.Dannylikesshorts,too.(改为同义句)Danny________likesshorts.8.Samwouldlikesomefish.(改为同义句)Sam________________fish.9.Iwalkedtoschoolthismorning.I________toschool________________thismorning.10.Theymustcleantheroom.(改为同义句)They________________cleantheroom.11.Wehaveagreattimetoday.（改为同义句）We________alotof________today.12.按要求改写句子（1）Thisisalittleanimal.（改为一般疑问句）________________alittleanimal?（2）Heismyfather.（划线提问）________________________?（3）Yourtailisshort.（改为否定句，但意思不变）Yourtail________________.（4）Iamverywell.(用How提问)____________________________________（5）Hissisterissevenyearsold.(划线提问)____________________________________13.CanIlookatyournewsofa?(改为同义句)CanI________________________________yournewsofa?14.What'shisage(年龄)？(同义句)________________ishe?15.IwenttoShanghaibybus.(改写同义句)I________________________toShanghai.16.Cinderellahasagoodtimeattheparty.(改为同义句)Cinderellahas________________________attheparty.17.Wemusteatlotsofvegetableseveryday.（改为同义句）________________________________18.Myshirtisshort.(改为同义句)____________________________19.It'stimeforsupper.(改成同义句）It'sthe________________.20.IwasbornonthesecondofOctober.(改为同义句)________________isonthesecondofOctober.21.Jimdoesbadlyatschool.(改为同义句)Jimdoesn't________________atschool.22.Theyaregoingtohaveabirthdaypartythisweekend.(改为同义句)They________________abirthdaypartythisweekend.

专题07《同义句》【参考答案】一、单选题1.【答案】A2.【答案】C3.【答案】B4.【答案】A二、句型转换5.【答案】jumps；lower6.【答案】a；lot；of；fun7.【答案】also8.【答案】wants；some9.【答案】went；on；foot10.【答案】have；to11.【答案】have；fun12.【答案】（1）Is；this（2）Who；is；he（3）isn't；long（4）Howar