广东省深圳市南山区为明学校高一上学期12月月考试卷

深圳市南山为明学校20232024学年第一学期高一年级12月月考英语试卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、学校、年级、班级填写在答题卡上。将考号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。第一部分、单项选择题(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)。从A、B、C、D个选项当中选出一个正确答案。1.The2013KaifengChrysanthemumFairwas___________greatsuccess.___________numberofvisitorswasreportedtoreachmorethan4,000,000.A.a;A B.a;The C.the;The D.不填;A【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：2013开封菊花交易会圆满成功。据报道，游客人数已超过4000000人。根据空后的可数名词success“成功的人(或事物)”可知，第一空使用冠词a表示泛指。根据空后的numberof和谓语动词wasreported可知，第二空使用冠词the，thenumberof“……的数量”；如果用anumberof谓语动词要使用were。故选B。2.Weshouldprotectourenvironmentfrombeingpolluted________ournextgenerationwillenjoyablueskyandliveahealthylife.A.asif B.sothat C.evenif D.incase【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词的用法。句意：我们应该保护我们的环境免受污染，这样我们的下一代就可以享受蔚蓝的天空，过健康的生活。A.asif似乎；B.sothat以便，为的是；C.evenif即使；D.incase以防万一。sothat引导目的状语从句，指保护环境的目的是为了下一代。故选B。3.___________iswidelyaccepted,greatprogressesfromconsistentefforts.A.As B.It C.Which D.What【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，巨大的进步来自持续的努力。引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，位于句首应用as。故选A。4.Inthepasttenyears,there___________greatchangesinourhometown.A.hasbeen B.are C.havebeen D.were【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，我们的家乡发生了很大的变化。根据上文Inthepasttenyears可知为现在完成时，主语为changes，助动词用have。故选C。5.Whenanalarm“___________”,itmakesanoise.A.estoanend B.burnsup C.goesoff D.isout【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当闹钟“响起”时，它会发出声音。A.estoanend结束；B.burnsup烧光；C.goesoff响起；D.isout外出。该空是when引导时间状语从句的谓语，根据主句中的makesanoise可知，goesoff符合句意。故选C。6.Hereistheperfectsolution___________allyourproblems.A.of B.with C.about D.to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：这是你所有问题的完美解决方案。A.of的；B.with与；C.about关于；D.to到。根据句意及空前的solution可知，要填入介词to，solutionto“解决办法”，为固定短语。故选D。7.Sheisjustthegirl,with___________mybrothercametovisitmelastmonth.A.whom B.her C.that D.who【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她就是我哥哥上个月来看望我的那个女孩。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是thegirl，指人，且从句中缺少with的宾语，应用whom引导定语从句。故选A。8.Isthereanythingelsein_________thatyou’dliketosharewithus?A.particular B.panic C.eagerness D.addition【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有没有什么别的你特别要和我们分享的吗？A.particular特别的，讲究的；B.panic恐慌；C.eagerness渴望；D.addition加法，相加，附加。固定短语inparticular相当于副词表示“尤其特别”，符合题意。inpanic恐慌，ineagerness渴望地；inaddition此外，都可以排除。故选A项。9.AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrowupasachild.A.which B.thatC.when D.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在巴黎住了50年后，他返回到孩时生长的小镇。句中包含定语从句，先行词是smalltown，在定语从句中作地点状语用关系副词，指在那里长大。故选D。10.Isawamanshoutingatadriver___________carwasblockingthestreet.A.whom B.that C.whose D.which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看见一个人对着一个司机大喊大叫，因为他的车挡住了街道。空格处引导的是定语从句，先行词driver和car之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose，故选C。11.Iwishto______themeetingasquicklyaspossible,forIhaveotherthingstoattendto.A.windup B.turnup C.burnup D.lookup【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望会议尽快结束，因为我还有别的事情要处理。A.windup结束；B.turnup出现，露面，调高；C.burnup烧毁，消耗；D.lookup查找，向上看。根据forIhaveotherthingstoattendto可知，此处表达“会议尽快结束”的含义。故选A项。12.Whataterriblesnowstorm!Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedinthesamewayastheword“snowstorm”?A.careless B.railway C.unhealthy D.tourist【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查构词法。snowstorm“暴风雪”是由snow和storm合成的，属于合成词。railway“铁路”是由rail和way合成的，属于合成词。其他词是由一个词根变来的，属于派生词。故选B项。13.Thenumberoffirmssellingputersinthisregion________sinceJanuary2012.A.aredropping B.isdropping C.havedropped D.hasdropped【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：自2012年1月以来，该地区销售电脑的公司数量已经下降。A.aredropping现在进行时，复数形式；B.isdropping现在进行时，单数形式；C.havedropped现在完成时，复数形式；D.hasdropped现在完成时，单数形式。根据句中时间状语sinceJanuary2012可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，又因短语Thenumberof+n.作主语时视为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。综上，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，单数形式。故选D项。14.Wasitin1939___________theSecondWorldWarbrokeout?A.which B.that C.when D.what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？由Wasit和句意可知，句子是强调句的一般疑问句，结构是“Wasit+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，此处被强调的是in1939，因此空格处用that。故选B。15.Everyoneinthetownknewhim,sowehadnodifficulty___________hishouse.A.finding B.tofind C.found D.find【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：镇上的每个人都认识他，所以我们毫不费力地找到了他的房子。“做某事没有困难”用固定短语havenodifficulty(in)doingsth.表示，其中in可以省略，故动词find“找到”用动名词finding，作in的宾语。故选A项。第二部分、阅读理解(共两节满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearemanypodcasts(播客)thatteachEnglishandyoucanlistentothemanytime.Hereisalistofsomeofthebestpodcaststhatyoumustsee.LearnEnglishPodcastThispodcasthasthreelevels.Thefirstisforbeginners,thesecondisforintermediates(中级学生)andthethirdisforupperintermediates.IfapersonwantstolearnBusinessEnglish,thenepisodesarealsomadeforhim.Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.SpeakingBroadlyThispodcastismadeforadvancedlearners.Explainedthroughdiscussionandinterviews,eachepisodehasnonnativeEnglishspeakersandeveryrecordingalsohasexpertfeedback.YouwillseesomemonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.TheEnglishWeSpeakThispodcastairsoneepisodedailyandeveryepisodeisonlythreetofourminutes,whichtalksaboutphrasesandidioms.Therearetwopeopleineachepisodewhomunicatewitheachother.Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewardingElementaryPodcastThispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.Thelengthofapodcastisaround25minutesbutyoucanpauseitanytimeandcontinuewheneveryouwant.Thehostsofeachepisodearedifferent.16.Whichpodcastprovidesexercisesgoingwithit?A.LearnEnglishPodcast. B.SpeakingBroadly.C.TheEnglishWeSpeak D.ElementaryPodcast.17.WhatdoweknowaboutSpeakingBroadly?A.Itrecordsjustexpertspeakers. B.Itaimsatbeginners.C.Itpresentssometypicalmistakes. D.Itprovidesfeedbackfromlisteners.18.WhatdoTheEnglishWeSpeakandElementaryPodcasthaveinmon?A.Theyhavethesamelength. B.Theyarebothinteractive.C.Theysharethesamecontents. D.Theyaresuitableforbeginners.【答案】16.A17.C18.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以帮助英语学习的英语播客。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据LearnEnglishPodcast部分的“Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.(每个播客都很短，但信息量很大。还包括活页练习题和词汇任务)”可知，LearnEnglishPodcast提供了活页练习题和词汇练习。故选A项。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据SpeakingBroadly部分的“YouwillseesomemonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.(你会看到英语学习者犯的一些常见错误，你可以通过从这些错误中学习来提高你的英语水平。)”可知，该播客提供了英语学习者会常犯的错误。故选C项。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据TheEnglishWeSpeak部分的“Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewarding.(无论你是什么水平，你都会发现它是有益的)”和ElementaryPodcast中的“Thispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.(该播客主要面向初学者和中级学习者)”可知，TheEnglishWeSpeak和ElementaryPodcast这两个博客的共同之处在于两者都适合初学者。故选D项。BEveryneighborhoodneedsabookstore.Oneinspiredwomantookthismissiontoheartandopenedherdreambookstore.BronxBoundBooksisamunityprojectonwheels,ensuringeveryoneintheneighborhoodhasabookstorenearby.EversinceDeVaughnwasachild,shedreamedofopeningabookstore.Adoptedbyhergrandmother,shespentmanychildhoodhoursexploringbookshops.“MygrandmotherwasaneducatorintheSouthBronx,”DeVaughnexplained.“Shereadtothepeopleinourmunitywhocouldn’tread.Somepeople’slivesdependedontheinformationshegavethem.”Althoughhergrandmotherhadpassedaway,DeVaughnneverforgotherdream.Sheknewherthoughtwasimportantasthenearestbookstorewasonehouraway.Itwashardforlocalpeopletogetbooks.Aftershewasintroducedtotheideaofamobilebookshop,shesoonwantedtoputitintopractice.DeVaughnunderstoodthatthemunitywasthemostimportantaspecttoensurethesuccessofthisproject,soshebeganbyreachingouttofriendsandneighbors.“Yourmunityisthemostvaluableresourcewhenyoustartasmallbusiness,”shesaid.“Ifyou’redeterminedenoughtoletthemknowwhatyouwant,they’lltrytheirbesttomakeithappenforyou.”Shecollectedusedbooksfromfriendsandgoodneighborsandreceivedasmallbusinessloan.Soonshehadabus,loadsofbooks,andkindnessfromlotsofwarmheartedhelpers.DeVaughnsoonrealizedthatshewasmakingahugeimpactonthemunity.Nowshehasplanstopartnerwithschoolsandbookfairs,andevengetasecondbus.NotonlyisDeVaughninspiringpeopleinhermunitytopurchasetheircherishedbooksandenjoyreading,butherownfamilyalsobenefitfromherencouragingaction.19.WhatcanbeknownaboutDeVaughn’sgrandmother?A.Shefoundedamunityschool.B.Shehelpedthelocalsgetfreebooks.C.ShehadapositiveinfluenceonDeVaughn.D.Sheputforwardtheideaofamobilebookstore.20.WhydidDeVaughndecidetoopenamobilebookstore?A.Tomakebookseasilyaccessibletolocalpeople.B.Tofulfilhergrandmother’sdyingwish.C.Tomakemoneytosupporthermunity.D.Todrawattentiontopoorchildren.21.HowwasDeVaughn’sdreamfinallyrealized?A.Byusingheryearsofworkingexperience.B.Bysharingherprojectonlineandraisingmoney.C.Byseekingprofessionalguidancefromeducators.D.Byunitingthepowerofhermunityandfriends.22.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AwomansetsashiningexampletokidsB.ThevalueofdevelopingasenseofbelongingC.AbookstoreonwheelsdrivesaloveofreadingD.Thedifficultyofopeningamunitybookstore【答案】19.C20.A21.D22.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。DeVaughn在祖母的影响下有了开书店的想法，后来在朋友和社区的帮助下成功开办了一家“移动书店”。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句““Shereadtothepeopleinourmunitywhocouldn’tread.Somepeople’slivesdependedontheinformationshegavethem.”(“她给我们社区里不识字的人读书。有些人的生活依赖她给他们的信息。”)”和第三段第一句“Althoughhergrandmotherhadpassedaway,DeVaughnneverforgotherdream.(尽管祖母已经去世，德沃恩从未忘记她的梦想。)”可知，德沃恩的祖母对德沃恩有很积极的影响。故选C。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Itwashardforlocalpeopletogetbooks.Aftershewasintroducedtotheideaofamobilebookshop,shesoonwantedtoputitintopractice.(当地人很难买到书。有人向她介绍了移动书店的想法后，她很快就想把它付诸实践。)”可知，德沃恩决定开一家移动书店是为了使当地人能方便地接触到书籍。故选A。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“DeVaughnunderstoodthatthemunitywasthemostimportantaspecttoensurethesuccessofthisproject,soshebeganbyreachingouttofriendsandneighbors.(德沃恩明白，社区是确保这个项目成功的最重要因素，所以她开始向朋友和邻居求助。)”可知，德沃恩的梦想最终是通过团结社区和朋友的力量实现的。故选D。【22题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Everyneighborhoodneedsabookstore.Oneinspiredwomantookthismissiontoheartandopenedherdreambookstore.BronxBoundBooksisamunityprojectonwheels,ensuringeveryoneintheneighborhoodhasabookstorenearby.(每个社区都需要一家书店。一位受启发的女性将这一使命牢记于心，开了她梦想中的书店。布朗克斯装订图书是一个车轮上的社区项目，确保社区里每个人附近都有一家书店。)”和最后一段“DeVaughnsoonrealizedthatshewasmakingahugeimpactonthemunity.Nowshehasplanstopartnerwithschoolsandbookfairs,andevengetasecondbus.NotonlyisDeVaughninspiringpeopleinhermunitytopurchasetheircherishedbooksandenjoyreading,butherownfamilyalsobenefitfromherencouragingaction.(德沃恩很快意识到她对社区产生了巨大的影响。现在，她计划与学校和书展合作，甚至买第二辆巴士。德沃恩不仅鼓励她所在社区的人们购买他们珍爱的书籍并享受阅读，而且她自己的家人也从她的鼓励行动中受益。)”可知，文章主要是讲德沃恩开了一家设在巴士里的移动书店，旨在为社区里的人们提供阅读的便利。故选C。CTherearehundredsoftypesofbirthdaycakeintheworld.Youarelikelytoenjoyoneduringatleastoneofyourbirthdayparties.Buthaveyoueverstoppedandwondered,“WhyamIeatingthis?Whatmakesthisdessertfittocelebratethedayofmybirth?”It’sbecauseyouareasimportantandbelovedasthegods.TheancientEgyptiansarethoughttohave“invented”thecelebrationofbirthdays.Theybelievedwhenpharaohs(法老)werecrowned,theybecamegods,sotheircoronation(加冕)daywastheir“birth”asagod.AncientGreeksborrowedthetradition,butrealizedthatadessertwouldmakethecelebrationmoremeaningful.Sotheybakedmoonshapedcakestoofferuptothegoddessofthemoon.Theydecoratedthemwithlightedcandlestomakethecakesshinelikethemoon.Itisthereasonwhywelightourbirthdaycakesonfire.Modernbirthdaypartiesaresaidtogettheirrootsfroman18thcenturyGermancelebration.Onthemorningofachild’sbirthday,heorshewouldreceiveacakewithlightedcandlesthataddeduptothekid’sage,plusone.Thisextracandlewascalledthe“lightoflife,”representingthehopeofanotherfullyearlived.Andthen,torture—becausenoonecouldeatthecakeuntilafterdinner.Thefamilyreplacedthecandlesastheyburnedoutthroughouttheday.Finally,whenthemomentcame,thebirthdaychildwouldmakeawish,trytoblowoutallthecandlesinonebreath,anddigin.Sincetheingredients(原料)tomakecakeswereprettyexpensive,thisbirthdaycustomdidn’tbeepopularuntiltheIndustrialRevolution.Moreingredientswereavailable,whichmadethemcheaper,andbakeriesevenstartedsellingprebakedcakes.23.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theoriginofbirthdaycakes. B.Thesignificanceofbirthdaycakes.C.Thehistoryofbirthdayparties. D.Theintroductionofcakeproduction.24.Whoestablishedthetraditionofcelebratingbirthdayswithcakesaccordingtothepassage?A.Germans. B.Pharaohs.CAncientGreeks. D.AncientEgyptians.25.Theunderlinedword“torture”inParagraph6isclosestinmeaningto________.A.pleasure B.replacementC.sharing D.suffering26.WhywasthebirthdaycakecustomunpopularbeforetheIndustrialRevolution?A.Thetransportwasinconvenient.B.Theingredientsofcakeswereexpensive.C.Thecakecouldnotbeeatenbeforedinner.DThebakerieswouldnotsellprebakedcakes.【答案】23.A24.C25.D26.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了生日蛋糕的起源。【23题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Buthaveyoueverstoppedandwondered,“WhyamIeatingthis?Whatmakesthisdessertfittocelebratethedayofmybirth?”可知，但是你有没有停下来想过，“我为什么要吃这个?”是什么让这个甜点适合庆祝我的生日呢?所以短文以提问的形式点明主题以及根据下文的具体介绍可知，本文讲述了生日蛋糕的起源。故选A。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段AncientGreeksborrowedthetradition,butrealizedthatadessertwouldmakethecelebrationmoremeaningful.Sotheybakedmoonshapedcakestoofferuptothegoddessofthemoon.Theydecoratedthemwithlightedcandlestomakethecakesshinelikethemoon.Itisthereasonwhywelightourbirthdaycakesonfire.古希腊人借鉴了这一传统，但意识到甜点会让庆祝活动更有意义。所以他们烤月亮形状的蛋糕来供奉给月亮女神。他们用点燃的蜡烛装饰蛋糕，使蛋糕像月亮一样闪闪发光。这就是我们为什么把生日蛋糕点着的原因。所以是古希腊人建立了用蛋糕庆祝生日的传统。故选C。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第六段Andthen,torture—becausenoonecouldeatthecakeuntilafterdinner.大家只有在晚餐后才能吃蛋糕，这是一种折磨。所以划线词的意思是suffering“折磨”。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。Sincetheingredients(原料)tomakecakeswereprettyexpensive,thisbirthdaycustomdidn’tbeepopularuntiltheIndustrialRevolution.因为制作蛋糕原料非常贵，直到工业革命生日蛋糕风俗才受欢迎。所以在工业革命前生日蛋糕风俗不受欢迎的原因是原料很贵。故选B。DLastyear,Americansspentmorethan$22billiononchocolate.Butthetastytreatesatafargreatercostthanthis.That’sbecausefarmersoftencutdowntreesintherainforestwhentheyneedmorelandtoplantcacaotrees.Thiscontributestoclimate(气候)change.Inturn,climatechangehurtscacaocrops(产量).Thisputschocolateatrisk.Butexpertsaredevelopingsolutionstoensureitsfuture.ChocolateesmainlyfromtheCocoaBelt,anarrowpieceoflandalongtheequator.IntheCocoaBelt,itishotandrainy.Theconditionsareperfectforgrowingcacao.Butinrecentyears,climatechangehasabadinfluenceontheweatherintheCocoaBelt.Asaresult,cacaotreesproducefewerbeans.Climatechangehasalsoledtothespreadofdiseasethatharmstrees.In2013,researchersstudiedthechangingconditionsintheCocoaBelt.Theysaidthatby2050,itwillbehardertogrowcacaoin90%ofplaceswhereitisnowplanted.ButChristianBunnoftheInternationalCenterforTropicalAgriculturesayschocolatewon’tdisappearanytimesoon.Planstoprotectitarealreadytakingshape.Onesolutiontotheproblemiscrossbreeding(杂交).Scientistshavedevelopednewcacaotreesthatstanduptodisease.Someevenproducemorecacao.Weatherstationswillalsohelp.GroupsarebuildingtheminAfrica.Around70%ofcacaoisgrownthere.Informationfromthestationswillhelpfarmersknowwhentoplanttrees.“Yearsback,farmerswouldfollowfarmingrulesthatgowiththeseasons,”Bunnsaid.“Thoserulesdon'talwaysapplyanymore.”Thesefixescouldhelpfarmersgrowmorecacaoonlessland.Thatcouldhelpendthepushtoclearrainforest.That’sgoodforchocolate,andasweetdealfortheplanet.“Everythinghasasideeffect,”Bunnsaid.“Wehavetobesmarteraboutourfood.”27.Whatcausesadropincacaocropsaccordingtothetext?A.Highercosts. B.Lessfarmland.C.Waterpollution. D.Climatechange.28.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“standupto”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Gowith. B.Diefrom. C.Protectagainst. D.Bringabout.29.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothechocolateprotectionplans?A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Positive. D.Disapproving.30.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SolutionstoSavingChocolate B.AnEndtoTraditionalFarmingC.NewWaystoPlantCacaoTrees D.MeasurestoProtectRainforest【答案】27.D28.C29.C30.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了介绍气候变化导致可可减产，进而引发巧克力生产处于危险之中，对此，相关专家提出应对的解决方案。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inturn,climatechangehurtscacaocrops(产量).(反过来，气候变化损害了可可作物。)”和第三段中“Butinrecentyears,climatechangehasabadinfluenceontheweatherintheCocoaBelt.Asaresult,cacaotreesproducefewerbeans.(但近年来，气候变化对可可带的天气产生了不利影响。因此，可可树产出的可可豆更少。)”可知，气候变化导致可可产量下降。故选D项。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Climatechangehasalsoledtothespreadofdiseasethatharmstrees.(气候变化也导致了危害树木的疾病的传播。)”和划线词句前文“Onesolutiontotheproblemiscrossbreeding.(解决这个问题的一个办法是杂交育种。)”及后文“Someevenproducemorecacao.(有些甚至能生产更多的可可。)”说明科学家有办法防止树木的疾病，从而推知划线词句“Scientistshavedevelopednewcacaotreesthatstanduptodisease.(科学家们已经开发出了能够standupto疾病的新型可可树。)”其中划线短语意思是“防止”。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thesefixescouldhelpfarmersgrowmorecacaoonlessland.(这些补救措施可以帮助农民在更少的土地上种植更多的可可。)”可知，作者对这些措施持肯定态度。故选C项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“Inturn,climatechangehurtscacaocrops(产量).Thisputschocolateatrisk.Butexpertsaredevelopingsolutionstoensureitsfuture.(反过来，气候变化损害了可可作物。这使巧克力处于危险之中。但专家们正在开发解决方案，以确保它的未来。)”可知，本文主要介绍气候变化导致可可减产，进而引发巧克力生产处于危险之中，对此，相关专家提出应对的解决方案。A项“拯救巧克力的解决方案”符合主题，故选A项。第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’smontofeelhungryandtakeasnackthroughouttheday.____31____Butifyoufindyourselfalwaysfeelinghungryandreachingforasnack,youmightaskyourself:AmIreallyhungry,oramIbored?Whattypeofhunger?Therearedifferenttypesofhunger:Physicalhungerandpsychological(心理的)hunger.Ifyouarefeelingphysicaleffectsofhunger,likearumbling(辘辘声的)stomachoraheadache,yourbodyisinneedoffoodtokeepgoing.Butifyou“think”you’rehungry,itmightbepsychologicalhunger.Hungerisanormalsensethatmakesyouwanttoeat.Yourbodytellsyourbrainthatyourstomachisempty.Avoidgoinglongperiodswithouteatingoreatingverylargemeals.____32____AmIhungry?Onetiptoavoidfillingyourpsychologicalhungeristowait20to30minutesafteryoufirst“feel”hungry.____33____Ifyouhavesomeillnessthatrequiresbloodsugarlevels,thenyou’llwanttofollowyourdoctor’ssuggestions.Planahead____34____Haveanideatofillthetimeandavoidboredom,liketakingawalk,readingabookorpletingatask.Keepingafooddiaryforaweekcanbeapowerfultoolforyoutobeemoreawareofyoureatinghabitsandpossiblecausesforemotionaleating.____35____Often,beingthirstyanddehydration(脱水)canbemisunderstoodashunger.Nexttimeyouwantasnack,trydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst!A.Youarestrugglingwithbeingfat.B.Youcantakemeasuresinadvanceforit.C.Moreover,youcantrydrinkingaglassofwater.D.Hungerusuallymakessomepeoplefeelunhappy.E.If,afterthattime,youarestillhungry,it’stimetoeat.F.Infact,ifitisdoneproperly,there’snothingwrongwithit.G.Instead,takeamomenttoconsiderthetypeofhungerbeforeeating.【答案】31.F32.G33.E34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明如何分辨自己是否是真的饥饿，以及解决无聊时不断进食的问题。【31题详解】根据前文“It’smontofeelhungryandtakeasnackthroughouttheday.(一天中感到饥饿和吃零食是很常见的)”可知，一感到饥饿就吃东西是一种普遍现象，F项“事实上，如果做得好，并没有什么问题”是对上句的承接，且F项中的假设“ifitisdoneproperly”与下句中的假设“Butifyoufindyourselfalwaysfeelinghungryandreachingforasnack(但如果你发现自己总是觉得饿，想要吃点零食)”形成对比，引出了下句，故选F。【32题详解】根据本段小标题“Whattypeofhunger?(什么类型的饥饿？)”以及前文“Avoidgoinglongperiodswithouteatingoreatingverylargemeals.(避免长时间不吃东西或吃得太多)”可知，本段主要是讲要区分饥饿类型，空处与前文是讲述区分饥饿类型后建议采取的措施，G项“相反，在吃东西之前，花点时间考虑一下饥饿的类型”符合语境，故选G。【33题详解】上文“Onetiptoavoidfillingyourpsychologicalhungeristowait20to30minutesafteryoufirst‘feel’hungry.(避免填补心理饥饿感的一个建议是，在你第一次‘感到’饥饿后再等20到30分钟)”提到第一次‘感到’饥饿后再等20到30分钟，空处应是描述这段时间之后的情况，E项“如果过了这段时间，你还是觉得饿，那就该吃东西了”顺承上文，符合语境，E项中的“thattime”指代上文的“20to30minutes”，故选E。【34题详解】根据小标题“Planahead(提前计划)”可知，本段主要是说要提前计划，B项“你可以提前采取措施”与小标题呼应，故选B。【35题详解】上文“Haveanideatofillthetimeandavoidboredom,liketakingawalk,readingabookorpletingatask.Keepingafooddiaryforaweekcanbeapowerfultoolforyoutobeemoreawareofyoureatinghabitsandpossiblecausesforemotionaleating.(想一个办法来填补时间，避免无聊，比如散步，读书或完成一项任务。保持一周的饮食日记可以成为一个强大的工具，让你更加了解你的饮食习惯和可能导致情绪化饮食的原因)”提到了两个具体的应对假性饥饿的措施，C项“此外，你可以试着喝一杯水”也是一个应对措施，同时引出下文“Often,beingthirstyanddehydration(脱水)canbemisunderstoodashunger.Nexttimeyouwantasnack,trydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst!(通常，口渴和脱水会被误解为饥饿。下次你想吃零食的时候，试着先喝杯水)”有关饥饿和饮水的叙述，故选C。第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节:完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Asateenager,Iwasprettylazywhenitcametodoingthingsformyfamily.Ifoundmyselfrefusingto___36___outathomewitheventhesimplestthings.EveryWednesdayafternoon,forexample,mymother___37___metoanothertownforapianolesson.Duringmytwohourlesson,she’drushtothenearbystoreandbuyaweek’sworthof___38___.Giventhefactthatmymomhaddrivenmetwelvemilesthere,twelvemilesback,and___39___formylesson,you’dthinkI’dbevery___40___tohelpherbringthegroceriesintothehouse.ButIwasn’t.Igenerallyjustbroughtinanarmloadanddisappearedintomyroom,leavingthe____41____formymom.Don’tgetmewrong.Backinmyroom,Ifelt___42___aboutnothelpingmymothermore.Deepinside,Iwantedtochangemy___43___.ButIalsorealizedthatonceItookonmoreresponsibility,myparentswouldstart___44___morefromme.Atagefifteen,I____45____thatthisonesmallchangewouldmarksomethingmuchbigger:mypersonalchangefromaspoiledchildtoamore____46____youngman.I’llneverforgettheWednesdaywhenImadeadecisionto____47____andseewhathappened.ReturninghomefromthelessonIdisappearedintomyroomasusual.Butonceinside,Ifeltthatdeep____48____.Iheadedbacktothegaragetohelpmymother.HowhappyIfeltthatday!Surely,overtime,Icontinuedtohelpoutwithmorehousework.AsMomandDadrealizedtheycoulddependonmemore,ourtripsbecamefarless____49____,too.Sometimesthelittlethingsweputoffdoingthelongest____50____tobethesimplestthingstoplete.36.A.start B.cry C.help D.work37.A.drove B.guided C.sent D.walked38.A.groceries B.foots C.fruits D.vegetables39.A.applied B.settled C.paid D.planned40.A.anxious B.curious C.confident D.grateful41.A.sadness B.rest C.car D.trouble42.A.frightened B.confused C.guilty D.greedy43.A.figure B.position C.career D.way44.A.ignoring B.reminding C.investigating D.expecting45.A.sensed B.doubted C.worried D.achieve46.A.responsible B.ambitious C.professional D.intelligent47.A.turnup B.jumpin C.getaway D.catchup48.A.anger B.shame C.delight D.pride49.A.positive B.harmful C.stressful D.impressive50.A.develop B.turnout C.eup D.appear【答案】36.C37.A38.A39.C40.D41.B42.C43.D44.D45.A46.A47.B48.B49.C50.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从一个被宠坏的的小孩成长为一个负责任的年轻人的经历。最终作者感悟到有时候我们不愿意做的小事结果完成起来是最简单的。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己连最简单的家务都不愿意帮忙。A.start开始；B.cry哭；C.help帮助；D.work工作。根据上文“Asateenager,Iwasprettylazywhenitcametodoingthingsformyfamily.”可知，我在为家人做事时非常懒惰，可推知，此处为我发现自己连最简单的家务都不愿意帮忙。故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，每周三下午，我妈妈开车带我去另一个城镇上钢琴课。A.drove开车；B.guided指导；C.sent寄出；D.walked步行。根据下文“Giventhefactthatmymomhaddrivenmetwelvemilesthere,”可知，妈妈开车12英里把作者送到那里。故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我两个小时的课上，她会冲到附近的商店买一周的食品杂货。A.groceries杂货；B.foots脚；C.fruits水果；D.vegetables蔬菜。根据下文“you’dthinkI’dbevery____5____tohelpherbringthegroceriesintothehouse.”可知，妈妈要把食品杂货搬到家里。因此在作者上课时，她会冲到附近的商店买一周的食品杂货。故选A项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我妈妈开车带我去了12英里的地方，又接我回来，还付了我的学费，你会认为我会非常感激，帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A.applied申请；B.settled解决；C.paid支付；D.planned计划。根据该句中的“Giventhefactthatmymomhaddrivenmetwelvemilesthere,twelvemilesback,”可知，作者在讲妈妈对他的好，开车12英里把他送去上课，又开车12英里接回来，为他的钢琴课付钱。故选C项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我妈妈开车带我去了12英里的地方，又带我回来，还付了我的学费，你会认为我会非常感激，帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A.anxious焦虑的；B.curious好奇的；C.confident自信的；D.grateful感激的。根据上文“Giventhefactthatmymomhaddrivenmetwelvemilesthere,twelvemilesback,”可知，妈妈对自己很好，由此可推知，此处为你会认为作者会非常感激妈妈，帮她把食品杂货搬回家。故选D项。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我通常只是抱一堆东西进来，消失在我的房间，把剩下的留给妈妈。A.sadness悲哀；B.rest剩余的人或物；C.car汽车；D.trouble麻烦。根据下文“you’dthinkI’dbevery___5___tohelpherbringthegroceriesintothehouse.ButIwasn’t.”可推知，作者不会帮助妈妈把杂货拿回房间，因此推断作者只是抱一堆东西，然后就进房间不管了，把剩下的东西留给妈妈拿。故选B项。42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要误解我。回到我的房间，我也为没有更多地帮助我母亲而感到内疚。A.frightened害怕的；B.confused困惑的；C.guilty内疚的；D.greedy贪婪的。根据“Don’tgetmewrong”和文章最后一句“Deepinside,Iwantedtochangemy___8___.”可推断，作者不帮助妈妈也不会感到内疚，但是内心深处是想要改变自己的。故选C项。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在内心深处，我想改变我的方式。A.figure数字；B.position位置；C.career事业；D.way方式。根据下文“Sometimesthelittlethingsweputoffdoingforthelongest____15____tobesimplestthingstoplete.”可知，此处说的是具体的改变方式，由此可推知，在内心深处，作者想改变我的方式。故选D项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我也意识到，一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会开始对我有更高的期望。A.ignoring忽视；B.reminding提醒；C.investigate调查；D.expecting期望。根据句意以及该句中的“ButIalsorealizedthatonceItookonmoreresponsibility”承担了更多的责任，可推知，此处为但作者也意识到，一旦承担了更多的责任，父母就会开始有更高的期望。故选D项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：15岁时，我意识到这个小小的改变将标志着更大的变化：我个人从一个被宠坏的孩子变成一个更有责任感的年轻人。A.sensed觉察到；B.doubted怀疑；C.worried担心；D.achieve完成。根据上文“ButIalsorealized”可知，此处描述作者的心理成长历程，下文是作者意识到的事情，故选A项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十五岁的时候，我意识到这个小小的改变将标志着更大的东西：我从一个被关心、被宠坏的孩子变成一个更有责任感的年轻人。A.responsible负责任的；B.ambitious有野心的；C.professional专业的；D.intelligent聪明的。由最后一段中“Icontinuedtohelpoutwithmorehousework”可知，作者帮助妈妈做家务，承担更多家庭责任，此处指“负责任的”。故选A项。【47题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记那个周三，那天我决定踊跃参与，看看会发生什么。A.turnup出现；B.jumpin投入；C.getaway离开；D.catchup赶上。根据下文