Unit4FriendsforeverUsinglanguage语法课件高中英语

外研必修第一册inspiringteenageradj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的n.青少年，十几岁的孩子（13到19岁之间的孩子）UNIT4FriendsforeverP3Grammar-Attributiveclauses(1)Attributiveclauses(1)Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.Group2c

Wecan…stayintouchwiththepeople.

Wewanttoremainfriendswiththem.d

Thedigitalagealsoenablesustofind

people.

Thesepeopleshareourinterests

…Group1a

Wecan…stayintouchwiththepeople

thatwewanttoremainfriendswith.bThedigitalagealsoenablesustofind

peoplewhoshareourinterests…Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?thatwewanttoremainfriendswith.whoshareourinterestsSentences(a)and(b)bothcontainaclause

defininganounineachsentence.Sentences(c)and(d)areeachconstructedwithapairofsimplesentences,withonedefininganounthatappearsintheothersentenceineachpair.先行词Whatdo“that”and“who”refertoinsentences

(a)and(b)?“That”refersto“thepeople”insentence(a).“Who”refersto“people”insentence(b).关系代词Whydoestheauthorchoosetousesentences(a)and(b)inthereadingpassage?·Thereisacloserlinkandconnectionbetween“people”andtheclausesdefiningitinsentences(a)and(b).·Makethepassageclearer.·Createanemphaticeffectonthepeopleorthingsbeingdefined.Nowlookformoresentenceswithattributiveclausesinthereadingpassage.1.Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobe

delivered?2.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.3.Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappy

andfriendly.Fillintheblanks.1.Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritingletters______tookagestobedelivered?2.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithothers______alsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.3.Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdates______makethemappearhappyandfriendly.thatwhothatgo

Ready?Focuson基本用法定语从句Wecan…stayintouchwiththepeoplethat

wewanttoremainfriendswith.在复合句中，主句中的名词和代词可以由从句来修饰。这种用来修饰主句中的名词和代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句修饰antecedent

先行词relativepronoun关系代词1.Isatnexttoagirl

whosenamewasDiana.2.Ilovedthelessons

thatshegaveinEnglishLiterature.3.SomeofthecitiesinChina

whichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.4.Mostofthestudents

whomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.5.NeilArmstrongis

theperson

whomadepeople

aroundtheworldrealisethatspaceexplorationwas

trulypossible.常见的关系代词有______,______,_______,_______

和________，常在从句中充当_______,________和________。thatwhowhichwhosewhom主语宾语定语定语宾语宾语宾语主语关系代词的用法(1)Footballisagame

whichislikedbymostboys.(2)Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenby

foreignwriters.

(3)Thisisthepen

(which)heboughtyesterday.

(4)Thefilm

(which)theywenttoseelastnight

wasnotinterestingatall.1.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，

作宾语时常可省略。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)Aperson

who

stealsthingsiscalledathief.(3)That'sthegirl(who)Iteach.2.who指人，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）。who和whom都用于指代人，who往往可以代替whom在从句中担任宾语，但前面有介词时必须用whom，即“介词+whom”。(1)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.(2)ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.3.whom指人，作宾语（作宾语可省略，若介词提前则不能省）。(1)Whereistheman

(that/whom)Isawthismorning?(2)Theperson(that/whom)youintroducedtomeisverykind.

(3)Theseason

that/whichcomesafterspringissummer.

(4)YesterdayIreceivedaletter

that/whichcamefrom

Australia.

4.that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。(1)Hehasafriend

whosefatherisadoctor.(2)Italkedwiththeman

whosehousewasdestroyed

intheflood.(3)Theclassroom

whose

doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Doyoulike

thebook

whose

coverisyellow?5.whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为

所属关系。whose既可指人，也可指物。1.that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，

但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。①Iamsureshehassomething

that

youcanborrow.

②

Doyouhaveanything

thatyoudon'tunderstand?我肯定她有你可以借的东西。你有什么不明白的吗？(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,

anything,little,much等不定代词①Thisisthefirstbook

(that)hehasread.

②

Thisisthebestfilm

(that)Ihaveeverseen.这是他读的第一本书。这是我看过的最好的电影。(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰①Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

that

they

remembered.

②

Lookatthemanandhisdonkey

thatarewalkingup

thestreet.

他们谈论他们记得的人和事。你看那人和他的驴，正走在街上。(3)先行词既有人又有物①I'vereadallthebooks

thatarewrittenbyhim.

②

Thisistheverybook

thatbelongstohim.他写的书我都读过了。这正是他的书。(4)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,thelast,just,right等修饰。①

Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?

②

WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?

开车的女孩是谁？哪件T恤衫最适合我？(5)先行词是who或which引导的主句中。2.that和who在指人的情况下一般都可以互换，但在

下列情况下，一般用who而不用that。①

Those

whowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.

②

Anyone

whobreaksthelawsshouldbepunished.③

I'vetoldall

whowillattendthemeeting.

那些想去看电影的人将不得不在学校门口等候。任何违反法律的人都应该受到惩罚。(1)当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none

等不定代词和those时。我已经通知所有与会人员。Imetagirlinblueyesterday

whogrewupinwesternYunnanprovince.(2)当先行词有较长后置定语时Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleader

whostudiesveryhard.(3)一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个用who。Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyourfather.(4)在therebe句型中Rewritetheunderlinedsentenceswiththat,which,who,whomorwhose.P41

2①Lucyismyfriend.Shehasahearing

problem.Whenshefirstcametomy

school,sheseemedlonely,butwe

soonbecamefriends.Atfirstitwas

difficulttocommunicatewithher.

②SoIlearntanewlanguage.Itallows

meto“speak”withmyhands.

③Lucyisasmartgirl.Herideas

arealwaysinspiring.

④Isometimeshaveproblems.Ican'tsolvethem.

Whenthishappens,Ialwaysask

Lucyforhelp.⑤Lucyisagood

listener.Ienjoysharingmoments

ofmylifewithher.①

Lucyismyfriendwho/that

hasahearingproblem.②

SoIlearntanewlanguage

which/thatallowsmeto

“speak”withmyhands.③

Lucyisasmartgirlwhose

ideasarealwaysinspiring.④

Isometimeshaveproblems

(that/which)Ican'tsolve.⑤

Lucyisagoodlistener(whom

/who/that)Ienjoysharing

momentsofmylifewith.Completetheonlineforumpostwiththat,which,who,whomorwhose.P41

3that

/whichwhosewho/thatwhich/thatwhom/who关系代词指代的先行词在从句中的成分是否可省略whichwhowhomthatwhose指物主语或宾语作宾语可省指人主语或宾语作宾语可省指人宾语可省指人或指物主语或宾语作宾语可省指人或物的定语不可省Ⅰ.实战高考。1.[2022年

浙江卷

语法填空]BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool____________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.2.[2022年

新高考Ⅰ卷

阅读理解C篇]Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlers________followedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.that/whichwhoⅡ.用适当的关系代词填空。1.Thewashingmachines__________aremade

byyourfactoryareofhighquality.2.Thegirl__________issittingnearthewindow

ismyfriendJessica.3.Lauraistalkingwiththeman__________is

repairinghercomputer.4.Couldyoupassmethebottle__________

colorisred?5.Ilikethewomanwriter__________books

havehadagreateffectonme.Cthat/whichwho/thatwho/thatwhosewhose6.Maryisnotinterestedintheactress

______________othergirlsaretalkingabout.7.Didyoureturnthebooks__________you

borrowedfromthelibrarytwoweeksago?8.Didyourbrotherbuythecar__________price

isveryhighlastweekend?9.Theartist__________paintingsyoulikebestis

nowinhisseventies.10.Doyoulikethemusic__________isbeing

playedbythefamousmusician?who/whom/thatwhich/thatwhosewhosethat/whichⅢ.用关系代词that,which,who或whose改写下列句子。1.Doyouknowthegirl?

Thegirlisplayingthepianoonthestage?

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___________________________________________________2.Peterlikesthetoyverymuch.Hisuncleboughthimthetoy.

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___________________________________________________3.Wearecollectingmoneyfortheboy.

Theboy'shousewasburntdownbyafire.

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