高中英语北师大版选择性必修一UNIT 2 单元检测卷(二)

单元检测卷(二)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomanplantodothisweekend?A．VisitTom.B．Attendaparty.C．Gotothebeach.2．Howwillthewomanpay?A．Incash.B．Bycheck.C．Bycard.3．Whichpicturedoesthemanlikebest?A．Theoneoftheboats.B．Theoneofthevillagehouses.C．Theoneoftheanimals.4．Whowasabsentfromschoolyesterday?A．Bill.B．Cathy.C．Jill.5．Howmuchwillthemanreceivefromhisparents?A．$2,500.B．$3,000.C．$5,000.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wheredidthewomancomefrom?A．Britain.B．London.C．Australia.7．Wheredidshegetmarried?A．InFrance.B．InBritain.C．InAustralia.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inarestaurant.B．Inashop.C．Inahotel.9．Howmuchdoesthemantipthewoman?A．$1.70.B．$1.30.C．$0.70.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．WhyisthemangoingtotheStates?A．Toattendaconference.B．Tovisitplacesofinterest.C．Tovisithisfriends.11．WhendoesthemanwanttoleaveforAmerica?A．InearlyJanuary.B．Inmid-January.C．InearlyFebruary.12．Whatisprobablythewoman’sjob?A．Ascientist.B．Areporter.C．Anembassystaff.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatiswrongwiththetelevision?A．Thepictureisnotclear.B．Thereisnosound.C．Itcan’tbeturnedon.14．Howlongisthewarranty(保修单)forthetelevision?A．Twoyears.B．Twomonths.C．Twodays.15．Whatdoesthemanagreetodointheend?A．Givethemoneybacktothewoman.B．GivethewomananewTVset.C．Checkthetelevisionandmakeitworkproperly.16．Whyisthewomansurprised?A．Theycan’tadjustit.B．ItisnotanewTV.C．TheTVisoutofwarranty.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whofirstdevelopedplasticonalargescale?A．AFrenchman.B．AnEnglishman.C．AnAmerican.18．Whatwastheadvantageofplasticcollars?A．Theydidn’twearouteasily.B．Theywereeasytowash.C．Theywerecomfortable.19．Whyweretheplastictoysagoodideaforsomemothers?A．Theywerecolorful.B．Theywerecheap.C．Kidspreferredthem.20．Whatistalkedaboutattheendofthespeech?A．Theexcitementcausedbyplastic.B．Differentusesofplastic.C．Theharmfulsideofplastic.答案1.C2.C3.B4.A5.C6.C7.A8.A9.C10.A11.B12.C13.A14.C15.C16.B17.C18.B19.B20.C听力材料Text1M：Wearehavingalittlepartyattheweekend.Canyoucome?W：Thatsoundsnice.ButIalreadyhaveplanswithTom.We’regoingtothebeach.Text2W：Howmuchisit?M：That’llbe$375.Willthatbecashorcreditcard?Wealsoacceptchecks.W：I’llpaybycard.Idon’tcarrymuchcashwithme.Text3W：Whichpicturedoyoulikebest?Thatonewiththeboatsisgood，isn’tit?M：No，Idon’tlikeit.Ilovethatpictureofthevillagehouses.It’sbeautiful.Text4W：Bill，canIseeyournotesfromthehistorylecture?Iseemtobemissingapage.M：Sorry，Jill.Iwasabsentyesterday.Whynotborrowyourroommate’s?W：Cathy’snotansweringherphone.Text5W：David，haveyousavedenoughforthecar?M：Ihave$25,000now，andthecarcosts$30,000.Myparentssaidtheywouldliketohelp，soI’llgettherestfromthem.Text6M：Wheredidyouliveallyourchildhood?W：InSydney，andIwasbornthere.M：HowlonghaveyoubeeninBritain?W：Oh，I’vebeenheresince1972.M：Whydidyoucomehere?W：ImarriedanEnglishman！Itwasquitearomanticsituation.WewerebothinFrance，andwemetandmarriedthere.Text7M：CanIordertake-outhere?W：Yes，sir.Whatwouldyoulike?M：Iwantahamburger，amediumFrenchfries，aBigMacmeal，andadoublecheeseburger，please.W：Anythingelse?M：Anda6-piecechickennuggets.W：Whatkindofdrinkwouldyoulike?M：AlargeCokewithextraiceandamilkshake.Andpleasegivemeseveralmorestraws.HowmuchdoIoweyou?W：Letmecalculateit，er...thatcomesto$14.30.M：Here’s$15.Keepthechange.Text8W：Whydon’tyousitdown?Now，thereareseveralquestionsImustask，ifyoudon’tmind.M：Notatall.Goahead.W：WhatisthepurposeofyourvisittotheStates?M：I’mgoingtoattendaconferenceonairpollution.W：Whenandwhereisthisconferencebeingheld?M：It’sbeingheldinthefirstthreeweeksofFebruaryattheUniversityofStanfordinCalifornia.W：Whowillpayyourexpenses?M：TheUniversityofCalifornia.Hereistheofficialletterofinvitation.W：Isee.Fine.Whendoyouwanttogo?M：I’dliketoleaveinmid-Januaryifmypassportisreadybythen.W：Thatshouldn’tbedifficult.Whydon’tyouphonemeaboutJanuary10th?Ishouldbeabletogiveyouananswerthen.M：Thankyou.Text9W：Hey，I’malittlebitupsetaboutthattelevisionyoupeoplesoldme.Igotithomeandthethingdoesn’twork!Thelines..，the...there’relinesalloverthepicture!I’mjustnotsatisfied.I’dliketohavemymoneyback，orgivemeanewtelevision.M：Well，it’snotmyfault!Whatdidyoudowithitwhenyougotithome?W：Ijustpluggeditinandturnediton.M：Well，itwasworkingfinewhenyoutookit...whenyoulefthere.W：Well，Ithinktheleastyoupeoplecandoistocomeoverandadjustitforme，andmakesurethething’sworkingallright.M：Well，Iwouldn’tminddoingthat.OryoucouldbringithereandI’llhavealookatit.Butyouboughtasecond-handTVandthere’sonlya．..two-daywarrantyonit.W：Second-hand？Second-hand？！Thatthingwassupposedtobenew!Yoursalesmantoldmeitwasbrandnew.M：Well，Ican’tberesponsibleforthat.Text10Thehistoryofplasticisnolongerthanyoumightexpect.Infact，thefirstman-madeplasticwasmadeoverahundredyearsago.ItwasdiscoveredbothbyanEnglishmanandanAmericaninthesameyear，butitwastheAmericanwhofirstdevelopeditonalargescaleduringthe1860s.Everybodywasexcitedbythisnewmaterialbecauseitwassocheap.Poorworkerswereabletobuyplasticcollars.Theseplasticcollarswerehardanduncomfortable，buttheywereeasytowash.Thepoorworkerscouldcleanthemeveryeveningwithjustsoapandwater.Poormothers，whohadnotbeenabletoaffordtoysfortheirchildren，werenowabletobuyinexpensiveonesmadeofplastic.However，plastichasoneseriousfault.Somekindsofplasticcancatchfireveryeasily，andwhentheydo，apoisonousgasisproduced.What’sworse，plastictakesaverylongtimetobreakdownsoitcausesseriouspollution.Wenowusetheterm“whitepollution”torefertoplasticpollution.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIndependence(独立)issomethingthatcanbedifficulttoachieve.Butdon’tworrybecauseherewehavefourbooksthatcanhelpyou.Ifyoudon’tbuylessthanthreeofthem，you’llbegivena20%discount!TheTotalMoneyMakeoverbyDaveRamseyTakingcareofyourfinanceishard.DaveRamsey，afamousbusinessman，isheretotakeyouonthewholeprocessofplanningyourfinance，andshowthemythsofcashadvancesanddebtconsolidation(债务重整)，tomakesureyourfinanceishealthy.Price：$14.49Grace’sGuidebyGraceHelbigGraceHelbigsharedhertipstobecomingagrown-up.ThebookisfullofpersonalstoriesofHelbig，herstrugglesandthelessonsshelearntfromfailingmanytimes.Thisbookisyouron-the-gofunreadwithpicturesanddrawingsofHelbig，andworksheets(工作记录)topractice.Price：$7.95TheOhSheGlowsCookbookbyAngelaLiddonHavingsufferedfromeatingdisorderandlivingondiet，AngelaLiddonpromisedtoeathealthilyforever.Shethrewoutherfat-freebutterspray(黄油喷雾)andlow-caloriefrozendinnersafterlearninghowtoproperlycook.Thisbookcontainsmorethan100recipes(食谱)coveringbreakfast，salads，soups，powersnacksandthemaindishesforahealthymealatanytimeoftheday.Weallknowthathealthyeatingisallpartofbeingindependent.Price：$22.22TinyBeautifulThingsbyCherylStrayedLifecanbehard，especiallywhenitcomestorelationshipswithothers.Inthebook，Strayedgivesadviceonloveandlife.Shewritesaboutdifferentsubjects:asonrejectedbyhisparents，amotherwhohaslostherchild.Andthemessagehiddenthroughoutallheradviceisalwaysthat，ifyouwantagoodlife，youhavetocreateit.Price：$8.76eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本书，可以在如何独立方面帮助你。)21．Howmuchwillyousaveatleastifyoubuythreeofthelistedbooks?A．$5.68. B．$6.24.C．$8.95. D．$9.10.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，如果你买至少3本书以上，就会得到20%的折扣，再根据每一本书的定价可知，如果你买了三本书，至少能省(14.49＋7.95＋8.76)*0.2＝6.24美元。故选B。22．WhatisspecialforthebookGrace’sGuide?A．Itisabouthowtogrowuphealthily.B．Itismainlyabouthowtoworkbetter.C．Itisbasedonitsauthor’slifeexperience.D．Itteachesreaderstolearnfromothers’lifestories.答案C解析细节理解题。根据Grace’sGuidebyGraceHelbig部分的第二句可知，《格雷斯指南》这本书的特别之处是基于作者的生活经历。故选C。23．Whichbookshouldyouchooseforsomeonewhoisbadatgettingalongwithothers?A．Grace’sGuide.B．TinyBeautifulThings.C．TheTotalMoneyMakeover.D．TheOhSheGlowsCookbook.答案B解析细节理解题。根据TinyBeautifulThingsbyCherylStrayed部分的第一句可知，对于不善于与人相处的人，应该选择《最美的小事》这本书，故选B。BIfapersonlostanarm，howcouldheorshestillplaybasketball，orevendribble(运球)likeKyrieIrvingdoes？ZhangJiacheng，a16-year-oldChineseboy，diditandimpressedeveryone.Afterashortvideooftheteenagebasketballplayerplayingaone-on-onecompetitionwasrecentlysharedonline，Zhang’sdribblingskillsandthestorybehinditbecameahottopiconWeiboinChina，withmorethan35millionviewsasofTuesday.NBAstarStephenCurrysaidonThursdaythathewantedtofindthisone-armedChineseboy.“Whoisthiskid?Helpmefindhim!Keepbeingyourselfanddon’tletanyonetellyouthatyoucan’t，”thefamousplayerwrotetohis4.5millionfollowersonWeibo.BorninsouthernChineseProvinceofGuangdong，Zhanglosthisrightarminanaccidentatjustfiveyearsold，whichwasatragedyforalittlekid.ButZhanghasnevergivenintofate(命运)ashisloveforbasketballgrowsstronger.“Theheartisalwaysthestrongestpartofthebody，”saidYiJianlian，currentChineseBasketballAssociation(CBA)’sall-timeleadingscorer，afterwatchingtheteenager’sshortvideo.ZhanghasalsobeeninvitedtovisitChineseBasketballAssociationchampionsGuangdongSouthernTigers.“ThisisthebestkidIhaveeverseenplayingbasketball，”ZhuFangyu，generalmanagerofdefendingchampionstheGuangdongSouthernTigerssaid.ZhangisafanofKyrieIrvingandheusesaposterofthedribblingmasterasthecoverimageofhissocialmediaaccount(账号)．Theone-armedteenagerdreamsofbeingabasketballplayer.“Giveitatry，orgiveitup，”hewrotewhensharingashortvideo.语篇解读这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了独臂男孩张家城凭借精湛的篮球技能走红网络，被国内外球星疯狂支持的故事。24．Afterhisvideowassharedonline，Zhang.A．becameanInternethitB．losthisrightarmC．metKyrieIrvingpersonallyD．wonaone-on-onecompetition答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，在张家城的视频被分享到网上后，他成了网络红人。故选A项。25．WhatcanweknowaboutZhangJiacheng?A．Helikedplayingbasketballwhenhewasfive.B．Heusedtobeinterestedinsharingvideos.C．Hebecamedisabledbecauseofanaccident.D．Heisnowmorephysicallyactivethanbefore.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，张家城因一场事故而致残。故选C项。26．WhatcanweinferfromYiandZhu’swords?A．TheyshowedtheirappreciationofZhang.B．TheyarewillingtohelpZhang.C．TheyinspiredZhangtoplaybasketball.D．TheyweremovedbyZhang’smisfortune(不幸)．答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段易建联和朱芳雨所说的话我们可以推断出，他们表达了对张家城的欣赏。故选A项。27．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HopeIsBroughtBacktoSportswithDisabilitiesB．TheDisabledAreSupposedtoGetBacktotheFieldC．ATeenagerDreamsofBeingaFamousBasketballPlayerD．One-armedTeenShocksPeoplewithHisBasketballSkills答案D解析标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了独臂男孩张家城凭借精湛的篮球技能走红网络，被国内外球星疯狂支持的故事，故短文的最佳标题为“独臂少年用他的篮球技能震惊世人”。故选D项。CThousandsoffamilieswillhitEurope’sskiresorts(度假胜地)thismonth，hopingthatsnowconditionswillbemorefavourablethanatthestartoftheseasoninDecember.Awarmingworldischangingpreciselyhow，whenandwheresnowfalls.Forthewinter-sportsindustry，suchshiftscouldhitprofitsharderthanaspringtimeavalanche(雪崩)．ThesnowfallseasonhasbecomeshorterinplacessuchastheAlps，saysDavidRobinsonofRutgersUniversityinNewJersey，assnowarriveslaterandmeltsearlierthanitoncedid.Resortsatloweraltitudesareamongthemostaffected.Sincethebeginningofthe1980stheduration(持续时间)ofthesnowseason，averagedoverthenorthernhemisphere(半球)，hasdeclinedbyfivedaysadecade，accordingtotheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.Hugeregionalvariationexists，however，bothinEuropeandelsewhere.Californianresortsthatwereunabletoopeninrecentyearsbecauseofsnowshortageshadtocloseatthestartof2021.Forresortsworriedaboutstrangeweather，thereareplentyoffirmstohelpwithpiste-covering(铺设滑雪道)．Snowgunsandotherdevicesusewaterandcompressed(压缩的)airtoallowtinysnowcrystalstoformifitiscoldenough.AccordingtoMaxRougeaux，amanageratthefirm，itproducesabout4,500machinesayear.Turnoverhasgrownfrom90min2011to170masmoreandmoreresortstrytosatisfysnow-seekers.Thecostofcoveringpisteswithmanufacturedsnowdependsonmanyfactorsincludingthetypeofterrain(地形)．Nosnowmakercanstandstillwhenglobaltemperaturesarechanging.Thus,firmsspendaround50%ofrevenues(收入)inresearchinghowtomakesnowevenwhentemperaturesarearound0℃.Humidity(湿度)affectstheprocess:thedampertheairthelessmoisture(水分)itcanabsorbandthecolderitmustbecomeforsnowcrystalstoformfromwaterdroplets.Snowmakershaveenjoyedmuchsuccessrecentlybutprofitswillbelimitediftheirflakesturntoslush(雪水)．语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述气候变化及降雪量的减少给造雪师带来的机遇和挑战。28．What’stheeffectofthechangeofsnowfall?A．Morevisitorstoskiresorts.B．Earlierspringtimeavalanches.C．Amoreseriouswarmingworld.D．Adeclineofsnow-sportsindustry.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Forthewinter-sportsindustry，suchshiftscouldhitprofitsharderthanaspringtimeavalanche(雪崩)．”可知，降雪量的改变会降低冬季运动业的利润，导致冰雪运动产业的衰落。故选D。29．Whatcanweinferaboutthedurationofthesnowfallseason?A．Itvariesfromplacetoplaceslightly.B．Itdoesn’taffectresortsathighaltitudes.C．Itdoesn’tchangeinthesouthernhemisphere.D．Ithasshortenedbyabout20daysinsomeareas.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sincethebeginningofthe1980stheduration(持续时间)ofthesnowseason，averagedoverthenorthernhemisphere(半球)，hasdeclinedbyfivedaysadecade”可知，从20世纪80年代开始，雪季的持续时间每10年减少5天。现在是21世纪，故推知在某些地区，雪季的持续时间大概缩短了20天。故选D。30．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphimply?A．Nosnowmakercanstandtheclimatechange.B．Risingtemperaturesdon’taffectsnow-making.C．Snowmakersreactactivelytoglobalwarming.D．Allsnowmakersinvestmuchinvariousdevices.答案C解析句意理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thus，firmsspendaround50%ofrevenues(收入)inresearchinghowtomakesnowevenwhentemperaturesarearound0℃.”可知，面对气候变化及降雪量的减少，造雪师没有坐以待毙，他们将一半的收入用于研究造雪。由此推知，画线句子表明造雪师们积极应对全球变暖。故选C。31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theeffectsofawarmingclimate.B．Snowshortagefacedbyskilovers.C．Achanceandchallengeforsnowmakers.D．Newequipmentcreatedbysnowmakers.答案C解析主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据倒数第二段最后两句以及最后一段可知，文章主要讲述了气候变化及降雪量的减少给造雪师们带来的机遇和挑战。故选C。DWhyDoesWalkingThroughDoorwaysMakeUsForget?We’vealldoneit.Runupstairstogetyourkeys，butforgetthatitisthemyou’relookingforonceyougettothebedroom.Openthefridgedoorandreachforthemiddleshelfonlytorealizethatwecan’trememberwhyweopenedthefridgeinthefirstplace.Wecanunderstandthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessmaybemorethanjustanannoyance.Althoughtheseerrorscanbeembarrassing，theyarealsocommon.It’sknownasthe“DoorwayEffect”，anditshowssomeimportantfeaturesofhowourmindsareorganized.Understandingthismighthelpusacceptthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessasmorethanjustanannoyance.TheDoorwayEffectoccurswhenourattentionmovesbetweenlevels，anditreflectsthetrustinourmemories—evenmemoriesforwhatwewereabouttodo—ontheenvironmentwe’rein.Imaginethatwe’regoingupstairstogetourkeysandforgetthatitisthekeyswecameforassoonasweenterthebedroom.Psychologically，whathashappenedisthattheplan(“Keys！”)hasbeenforgotteneveninthemiddleofcarryingoutanecessarypartofthestrategy(“Gotobedroom！”)．Probablytheplanitselfispartofalargerplan(“Getreadytoleavethehouse！”)，whichispartofplansonawiderandwiderfield(“Gotowork！”“Keepmyjob！”“Beaproductiveandresponsiblecitizen”，orwhatever)．Eachfieldrequiresattentionatsomepoint.Somewhereincontrollingthecomplexlevels，theneedforkeyssuddenlycomesintomind.Ourmemories，evenforourgoals，areplantedinwebsofconnections.Thatcanbethephysicalenvironmentinwhichweformthem，whichiswhyrevisitingourchildhoodhomecanbringbackafloodofpreviouslyforgottenmemories，oritcanbethementalenvironment—thesetofthingswewerejustthinkingaboutwhenthatthingsuddenlycomesintomind.TheDoorwayEffectoccursbecausewechangeboththephysicalandmentalenvironments，movingtoadifferentroomandthinkingaboutdifferentthings.Thathurriedlythought-upgoal，whichwasprobablyonlyoneplateamongthemanywe’retryingtospin(旋转)，getsforgottenwhenthecontextchanges.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，分析了为什么我们会经历短暂性遗忘。)32．What’sthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Topresentdailyfacts.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Toremindusofourweakmemory.D．Tocallattentiontothedangerofforgetfulness.答案B解析推理判断题。第一段列举了短暂性健忘的现象，再结合第二段中的“It’sknownasthe‘DoorwayEffect’，and...asmorethanjustanannoyance.”可知，第一段的目的是引出“为什么我们会经历短暂性遗忘”这一主题，故选B。33．Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulness?A．Theycanbeunderstoodandaccepted.B．Theyareimportantfeaturesofourminds.C．Theyshowthatourmindsareoutoforder.D．Theyareembarrassingandshouldbeavoided.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’sknownasthe‘DoorwayEffect’，anditshowssomeimportantfeaturesofhowourmindsareorganized.Understandingthismighthelpusacceptthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessasmorethanjustanannoyance.”可知，作者认为短暂性遗忘是可以被理解和接受的，故选A。34．Whichofthefollowingmemorieswasformedinthephysicalenvironment?A．Atoyhelpsyourememberachildhoodfriend.B．Whenyousingasong，youthinkofaformerclassmate.C．Youareplayingbasketballwhenyourememberyourhomework.D．Whilevisitingyourprimaryschool，yourecallaforgottenmemory.答案D解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thatcanbethephysicalenvironmentinwhichweformthem，whichiswhyrevisitingourchildhoodhomecanbringbackafloodofpreviouslyforgottenmemories”可知，当参观小学校园时，回想起以往的事情属于物理环境中形成的记忆，故选D。35．Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A．Byprovidingdata.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingcomparisons.D．Bylistingstudyfindings.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“We’vealldoneit.Runupstairstogetyourkeys，but...whyweopenedthefridgeinthefirstplace.”可知，文章以举例的方式介绍了为什么我们在生活中可能出现短暂性遗忘这一现象，故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoProtectEyesfromScreensToomuchscreentimemaycauseseriouseyestrain(眼疲劳)andevenasharpdeclineofeyesight.That’sabigproblemalotofpeoplearefacedwithnowadays，especiallythosewhoworkonacomputer.Thefollowingtipsmaybehelpful.Getregulareyetests.Expertsrecommendhavingacomprehensiveeyeexameveryyeartodetect(发现)problemsbeforetheydevelop.Duringthistest，youshouldtellthedoctorhowoftenyouuseyourphoneandyourcomputer.36Tellyourdoctoraboutit，andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.Giveyoureyesspace.Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes，thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.37Ifthismakesithardforyoutoread，considerincreasingthesizeofthetextratherthanmovingthescreencloser.Takebreaks.Thismaynotalwaysbepracticalifyou’requitebusy，butit’simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong.38Whilesurveyshaveshownthatmanyofficeworkerstakenomorethanhalfanhouradayawayfromtheircomputer，it’srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen.39Staringatascreencontinuouslyforhoursonendmaymakeitdifficultforyoutofocus.Toavoidthis，manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20－20－20rule”—lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.Thesciencebehindthistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.40A．Exerciseyoureyes.B．Giveyoureyesachancetorest.C．Makeyourscreenmoreeye-friendly.D．Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.E．Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.F．Makesurethatyouuseyourphoneorcomputerinaroomwherethelightingisbrightenough.G．Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了几种保护眼睛免受屏幕伤害的方法。)36．答案E解析根据后句“Tellyourdoctoraboutit，andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.”可知，这里是建议大家测量眼睛与屏幕之间的距离。选项E符合上下文语境，且选项E中的“distance”与下文一致。故选E。37．答案G解析根据前句“Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes，thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.”可知，这里是说屏幕与眼睛之间应该保持一定的距离。选项G承接前一句的内容，其中的nocloserthan40cm又与后句中的this呼应。故选G。38．答案B解析空处前句建议人们不要长时间盯着屏幕，由此可知，要让眼睛得到休息，选项B呼应段落小标题以及后文内容。故选B。39．答案A解析根据下文可推知，本段主要建议大家锻炼眼睛来缓解疲劳。选项A符合语境，能够概括下文内容，适合作小标题。故选A项。40．答案D解析前句解释了“20－20－20规则”的科学依据。选项D进一步总结了这一规则的实用性。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AbraveICUnurse，whosufferedabreakdownafterworkingthroughthepandemic(疫情)，isrunningtheLondonMarathonforcharitydressedinapintofbeercostumeonOctober3.JackLaplante，adadofthreekids，41runningafterhewasdiagnosed(诊断)withpost-traumaticstressdisorder(创伤后应激障碍)earlierthisyear.Hehasbeenanursefor23yearsandhasbeen42asaleadnurse.Hismentalhealth43whenhelostapatient，whowasthesameageashim.Despitesufferingfrompanicattacksandanxiety，Jackstillwantedto44hisworkinICUwhenthesecondwave45thecountry.Sincehisnewfitnessplan，Jacksaysheisn’t46medicineanymore.47，hehasstartedsleepingthroughthenightforthefirsttimein18months.Hesays，“InMarchIjoinedarunning48andithasbeenbuildingupfromthere.IknewIhadtoget49aboutmyrunningwhenIgotanemailsayingIgota50fortheLondonMarathon.IamveryproudofmyselfaftereverythingthatIhavebeenthrough.Runninghas51mymentalhealth，helpedwithmy52，andreducedmypanicattacks.”EarlierinJuly，Jack53tothetopofMountSnowdondressedasapintofbeerfor54andhenowhopestobeattheGuinnessWorldRecordforthe55mantorunamarathondressedasapintofbeer.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位患有创伤后应激障碍的护士Jack通过跑步改善了心理状况的故事。41．A.cutdown B．turneddownC．gaveup D．tookup答案D解析根据第一段内容及上下文语境可知，Jack在被诊断出创伤后应激障碍症后，开始跑步。takeup拿起；开始从事。42．A.describing B．imaginingC．working D．helping答案C解析根据前半句可知，他一直是一名护士，故此处表示他担任护士长。workas担任。43．A.suffered B．easedC．recovered D．broke答案A解析根据下句中的“sufferingfrompanicattacksandanxiety”可知，在和他同龄的一位患者去世之后，他的心理健康变差了，suffer变差；变糟。44．A.change B．continueC．leave D．stop答案B解析根据Jack是ICU病房的护士及“Despitesufferingfrom...”可知，虽然Jack遭受恐慌症和焦虑的折磨，但他仍想继续在ICU工作。45．A.defeated B．controlledC．bothered D．hit答案D解析结合前文的“pandemic”可知，此处指的是第二波疫情袭击这个国家。46．A.making B．takingC．studying D．selling答案B解析根据上文可知，Jack患有恐慌症和焦虑，所以此处指服用药物。takemedicine吃药，服药。47．A.Immediately B．SimplyC．Finally D．Normally答案C解析根据“forthefirsttimein18months”可知，Jack饱受恐慌症和焦虑的折磨长达18个月之久，经过跑步训练，心理健康得以改善，终于可以睡个好觉了。48．A.club B．companyC．class D．competition答案A解析根据语境可知，Jack加入了一个跑步健身俱乐部。49．A.serious B．curiousC．excited D．surprised答案A解析根据后半句可知，Jack报名参加伦敦马拉松的事得到肯定答复，因此他认为应该认真对待跑步。50．A.name B．prizeC．reward D．place答案D解析根据文章开头Jack在10月3号当天跑伦敦马拉松可知，Jack收到马拉松组委会的回复，得到一个参赛名额。place位置；名额。51．A.destroyed B．improvedC．worsened D．determined答案B解析根据本段第一句可知，跑步改善了Jack的心理健康。52．A.weight B．projectC．patience D．anxiety答案D解析根据上文的“sufferingfrompanicattacksandanxiety”和下文的“reducedmypanicattacks”可知，跑步对治疗Jack的焦虑很有好处。53．A.jumped B．roseC．climbed D．stuck答案C解析根据“thetopofMountSnowdon”可知，Jack爬上了斯诺登山顶。54．A.charity B．funC．support D．business答案A解析根据文章开头的“runningtheLondonMarathonforcharitydressedinapintofbeercostume”可知，Jack穿着啤酒造型的衣服跑马拉松是为慈善组织募捐。55．A.tallest B．fastestC．oldest D．funniest答案B解析根据前半句Jack希望打破吉尼斯世界纪录可知，跑步速度应为最快的，故选fastest。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wehearaboutclimatechangeprettymucheverydaynow.ScientistshavejustannouncedthatJulywasthehottestmonthever56.(record)．ThescientistsarefromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)intheUSA.AspokespersonfromNOAAsaid，“Julyis57.(typical)theworld’swarmestmonthoftheyear，butJuly2021beat58.__________(it)asthehottestJulyandhottestmonthever.”NOAAsaidEarth’slandandoceansurfacetemperatureinJulyincreased59.0.93degreesCelsius，comparedtothe20th-centuryaverageof15.8degreesCelsius.TheNorthernHemispherewas1.54degreesCelsiushotterthanaverage.TheNOAAspokespersonsaidthisnewrecordwas60.(worry)．Hesaid，“Inthiscase，firstplaceistheworstplacetobe.”TheannouncementfromNOAAcomesaweekaftera4,000reportonclimatechangefromtheUnitedNations.Itclearly61.(state)thathumanshadaffectedtheclimate.Itwrote，“Itisclear62.humaninfluencehaswarnedtheatmosphere，oceanandland.”63.totalof234scientistsfrom66countriesworkedonthereport.Itwarnsthatextremeweather64.(continue)togetworse.Itsayseveryregionwillexperiencemultiple65.(change)inweather，likeswelteringheatandflooding.语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。美国国家海洋和大气管理局的最新数据显示，2021年7月是有史以来最热的月份，联合国气候变化报告明确指出人类活动已经影响了气候，极端天气将继续恶化。56．答案recorded解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，record与其逻辑主语month之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填recorded。57．答案typically解析考查副词。修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式，表示“通常”。故填typically。58．答案itself解析考查反身代词。通常当主语与宾语是同一人或物时使用反身代词作宾语。根据句意“2021年的7月超越了往年的7月”可知，此处主语July发出的动作施加在自己身上，应使用反身代词itself。故填itself。59．答案by解析考查介词。increaseby...是固定搭配，意为“增加了……”。故填by。60．答案worrying解析考查形容词。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作表语，表示“令人担忧的”，应用-ing形式的形容词worrying。故填worrying。61．答案stated解析考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，设空处是主句中的谓语动词，与主语It之间是主动关系，结合宾语从句中使用了过去完成时可推知，主句应使用一般过去时。故填stated。62．答案that解析考查名词性从句。Itbeclearthat...是固定句型，表示“很明显……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。故填that。63．答案A解析考查冠词。atotalof为固定短语，意为“总共……”。设空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。64．答案willcontinue解析考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，设空处是宾语从句中的谓语动词，与主语extremew