高中英语北师大版必修二UNIT 5　培优提能限时练(三)

培优提能限时练(三)(限时：40分钟满分：50分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoSummerC；findandbooktheverybestsummercamps.Yourchildrenareprecioussoweofferthehighestqualityofcampsthatwillmeeteachchild’sneedsandinterests.CatalinaSeaCampSeaCampoffersthreeone-weeksessionstoboysandgirlsaged8－13andtwothree-weeksessionstoteensaged12－17.Ourhand-pickedinstructorscreateanatmosphereoffunandexcitementwhileleadingcamperstoahostofoceanadventures，marine(海洋的)biology，andsocialsummercampactivities.Address：ToyonWay，SanBruno，California94066Phone：800-645-1423CampCayugaCampCayugaisaprivatesummercampforchildrenaged6to16.Thecampisona350-acrelandinthePoconoMountainsofNortheastPennsylvania，justoutsidethevillageofHonesdale.It’sa3-hourdrivefromNewYorkCitytoPhiladelphia.Address：321NilesPondRoad-SuiteISC，Honesdale，Pennsylvania18431Phone：908-470-1224CampRockmontCampRockmontisasummercampforboys，aged6－16，intheBlueRidgeMountainsofNorthCarolina.Rockmont’sdutyofdevelopingboysintohealthyyoungmenisaccomplishedthroughage-appropriateskills，activities，andchallengesthathelpcamperstoknowthemselvesbetter.Address：375LakeEdenRoad，BlackMountain，NorthCarolina28711Phone：828-686-3885PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCampsPrimitivePursuitsOvernightCampsofferweek-longSummerAdventureOvernightCampsinNewYork’sFingerLakestoyourchildrenaged11－15.Campersexperienceaweekofnature-basedskillstraining，inspiringchallenges，andfunactivitiesundertheguidanceofskilledinstructors.Address：611CountyRd13，VanEtten，NewYork14889Phone：607-272-2292语篇解读这是一篇应用文，为学生家长提供了夏令营信息，以便选出适合自己孩子的夏令营。1．Ifaboyiscuriousaboutseacreatures，whichcampshouldhegoto?A．CatalinaSeaCamp.B．CampCayuga.C．CampRockmont.D．PrimitivePursuitsOvernightCamps.答案A解析细节理解题。根据CatalinaSeaCamp部分的“...leadingcamperstoahostofoceanadventures，marine(海洋的)biology，andsocialsummercampactivities.”可知，如果一个男孩对海洋生物好奇，他应该去CatalinaSeaCamp。故选A。2．Whereshouldagirlof7goforcamping?A．ToyonWay，SanBruno.B．611CountyRd13，VanEtten.C．375LakeEdenRoad，BlackMountain.D．321NilesPondRoad-SuiteISC，Honesdale.答案D解析细节理解题。根据CampCayuga部分第一句可知，七岁的女孩可以去CampCayuga，对应的地址是321NilesPondRoad-SuiteISC，Honesdale。故选D。3．Wherecanreadersfindthistext?A．Fromamagazine.B．Fromatextbook.C．FromtheInternet.D．Fromanewspaper.答案C解析文章出处题。根据文章第一段中“WelcometoSummerC”可知，这篇文章应该来源于网络。故选C。B(2023·山东高一期末)Growingup，mygrandparentsboughtasecondhomeamongasmallforestinArkansasandwouldbringmethereeverysinglesummer.Iwouldspendalotoftimeoutsidetherefollowingmygrandfatheraroundwhilehedidyardwork.Wewouldcollectcool-lookingrocksandrefillthehummingbirdfeeders.IalwaysremembermygrandparentscallingmeovertothewindowwhenadeerfamilywasintheyardorafewhummingbirdswereatthefeederssothatIcouldwatchthem.IwouldexplorearoundintheyardbymyselfsometimestolookforinterestingrocksandifIwasluckyIwouldfindaturtle.IfIdidfindaturtle，mygrandfatherwouldputitinthekiddypoolformetoobserveforafewminutes.Iwasalwaysamazedbythesecreatures.AfterIfinishedobservingtheturtle，mygrandfatherwouldpickitbackupandreturnittothebushIfounditin.Iwouldwatchinamazementasitslowlystuckitslegsoutandcrawledbackunder.Ialwaysfeltveryatpeaceatmygrandparents’home.ItwasquietandfullofinterestingnaturalthingsInevergottoseeinIllinois.Theydisturbedthelandaroundthemaslittleaspossibleanddidn’tseeitasnuisance(令人讨厌的东西)，ratherabeautifulview.AsAldoLeopold，anAmericanscientist，putsit，weshouldtakethetimetoenjoyandobservethenaturalworldaroundus.Whenwedothis，wefinditbringsushappinessandhasagreatvaluebeyondjustthatofresources.Conservation(保护)ofthenaturalworldisimportantbecausewearedependentuponitforlife.Wecannotworsensuchabountifulprovideratsucharateinwhichitwillneverreturntoanythinglikewhatitoncewas.Ourexperienceswithnaturearewhatwilldriveustoreachthisconclusion，ifonlyeveryonetookthetimetoreallyinvolvethemselvesinit.语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身的经历告诉读者：大自然能给我们带来快乐，并具有超越资源的巨大价值；走进大自然，我们才会知道它是多么珍贵。4．Whatdoesthewritermainlytalkaboutinparagraph2?A．Hisinterestinrocksandanimals.B．Hisconnectionwithnaturalworld.C．Hisdailyroutineinsummervacation.D．Hiscloserelationshipwithgrandparents.答案B解析段落大意题。第二段中“我记得当院子里有一窝鹿，或者喂食器旁有几只蜂鸟时，祖父母会把我叫到窗前，让我看它们。有时我会自己在院子里探索，寻找有趣的岩石，如果幸运的话，我会发现一只乌龟”等信息都是在讲述他与自然界的联系。故选B。5．Whatdoes“abountifulprovider”referto(指的是)inthelastparagraph?A．Nature. B．Illinois.C．Thesmallforest. D．Grandparents’home.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上一句“Conservation(保护)ofthenaturalworldisimportantbecausewearedependentuponitforlife.”可知，我们依赖于自然界。根据画线单词所在句“我们不能让abountifulprovider以这样的速度恶化，让它永远不会恢复到以前的状态”可知，画线词指上文提到的“自然界”。故选A。6．Whatdoesthewritermostprobablygetacross?A．Pastexperiencesshouldbetreasured.B．Natureoffersmanajourneyofdiscovery.C．Qualitytimewithfamilyisofgreatvalue.D．Intothenature，youwillknowhowvaluableitis.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，大自然给我们带来快乐，具有超越资源的巨大价值。结合文章最后一句“Ourexperienceswithnaturearewhatwilldriveustoreachthisconclusion，ifonlyeveryonetookthetimetoreallyinvolvethemselvesinit.”可知，作者想告诉我们：走进大自然，你会知道它是多么珍贵。故选D。7．Inwhichforumwouldyoumostlikelyfindthetext?A．FamilyMatters.B．OntheRoad.C．AtOnewithNature.D．TheEconomist.答案C解析文章出处题。作者通过这篇文章告诉我们：大自然能给我们带来快乐，并具有超越资源的巨大价值；走进大自然，我们才会知道它是多么珍贵。所以，在“AtOnewithNature”这种与自然相关的论坛我们才能找到这篇文章。故选C。COneConcernisanAIcompany(人工智能公司)inCalifornia.ItisusingmachinelearningandAItohelpfirefighters.Thecompanyhopesitssoftwarecanmakeexactpredictionsaboutearthquakedamage.Itcantellfirefightershowtoplanforanearthquakeandhowtodotheirjobsbetterwhenithappens.NicoleHu，atechnologyofficerfromOneConcern，saysthekeyistofeedthecomputersalotofdataaboutanarea.Thedatamayincludeinformationabouthomesandotherbuildings，thenaturalenvironment，andthesizeofanearthquake.Thesoftwarethenusestheinformationtomakepredictionsaboutwhatwouldhappeniftherewereanearthquakeinthearea.Itthenusesdatafrompastearthquakestoseewhetheritspredictionsareanygood，andchangesitspredictivemodelsaccordingly.GregoryDeierlein，anearthquakeengineerattheStanfordUniversity，saysoneofthemostsurprisingthingsaboutthecompany’ssoftwareisitsabilitytomakeuseofdatafromanearthquakeasit’shappening，andtochangeitspredictionsinrealtime.Inthepast，researcherswouldcollectdataafteraneventandafewyearslaterthey’dproducenewmodels，saysDeierlein.Nowthenewmodelsappearinamatterofminutes.DanGhiorsoleadstheWoodsideFireProtectionDistrict(区)nearSanFrancisco，whichcoversabout32squaremiles.Hesaysinthepast，whenanearthquakehit，he’dhavetomakeeducatedguesses(basedonexperienceandtraining)aboutwhatpartsofthisdistrictmightbebadlydamagedandthendrivetoeachplacetohavealookaround.HehopesOneConcern’ssoftwarewillchangethat.“Insteadofdrivingthirty-twosquaremiles，infifteenminutesonacomputerIcangetagoodideaofthedamage，”hesays.“Insteadofmetakingmyeducatedguess，they’reputtingsciencebehindthepredictivemodels.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款人工智能软件，该软件能够更快更科学地预测地震造成的损失。8．Whatdoweknowaboutthesoftware’spredictions?A．Theycantellpeoplethesizeofanearthquake.B．Theyareaboutwhenanearthquakemayhappen.C．Theyarebasedondatafrommanydifferentareas.D．Theycanbemadebeforeandduringanearthquake.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可知，该软件能够预测地震的损失，再根据第三段可知，该软件还能够利用地震发生时的数据实时改变其预测。由此推知，该软件可以在地震前和地震发生时进行预测。故选D。9．WhatisanadvantageofthesoftwareaccordingtoDeierlein?A．Itcanmakepredictionsveryfast.B．Itissoldatverylowprices.C．Ithasmanydifferentuses.D．Itcanbeusedbycommonpeople.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，在过去，研究人员是在事件发生后收集数据，几年后才能创造出新的模型。现在，新模型在几分钟内就能形成。由此可知，该软件预测的速度很快。故选A。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Howtosavepeopleduringearthquakes.B．HowGhiorsogetstoknowearthquakedamage.C．Howtotrainfirefighterstomakeguesses.D．HowGhiorsolooksatnewpredictivemodels.答案B解析代词指代题。根据画线词所在句前一句可知，过去地震发生的时候，Ghiorso需要先根据经验猜测哪些地方的损失严重，然后驱车到这些地方查看，所以DanGhiorso希望新的软件能够改变这种模式，that指代的内容即为Ghiorso了解地震损失的方式。故选B。11．WhatisGhiorso’attitudetowardsthefutureofthenewtechnology?A．Hopeful. B．Uncaring.C．Worried. D．Doubtful.答案A解析观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Ghiorso希望这种软件能够更快对损失作出更科学的分析。由此推知，Ghiorso对这种新的技术抱有很大的希望。故选A。DBeavers(河狸)arefamousforbuildingimpressivedamsinstreams.Theyhavearareabilitytotransformthelandscapestheylivein.Thisisprimarilybecausebeaversneedtousetheirdamstohidefrompredators(捕食者)likebears，wolves，andriverotters.Beaversliveindome-shapedconstructionswithinthepondsthatcanonlybeaccessedbyunderwaterentrances.Inside，theyaresafefromthreats.Besides，theycanalsostorefoodinsideandkeepwarminwinter.Beaversbuilddamsupto5metershigh，andthelargestone，inAlberta，Canada，is850meterslong.Mostdamsarebuiltfrompiecesofwood，withstonesatthebaseandasealinglayerofmudandplantsontheupstreamside.Thedamsarethickeratthebottomwithashallowslopeontheupstreamside，meaningthattheweightofthewaterpushesdownonthedam，keepingitinplaceandallowingittoholdbacklargevolumesofwater.Theirengineeringworkissoeffectivethatbeaverdamscanlastfordecades.Beaverdamscanpromotethecreationanddevelopmentofstablewetlandecosystems，oneofthemostproductiveecosystemsintheworld，whichserveasthehomeofrareandendangeredspecies.Inaddition，thedamscanhelpwaterflowtothenewlycreatedponds，thus，preventingfloodinginareasdownstreamoftheriverswherethesedamsarebuilt.Theyalsoprotectthelandfromsoilerosion(侵蚀，流失)andblockpollutantsinthewaterflowdownstreamintomajorwaterbodies.However，Ph.D.studentRobertNeedham，fromtheInternationalCentreforEcohydraulicsResearchatSouthampton，expressedagreatdealofhisconcernaboutthepossibilityofbeaverdamsblockingtheupstreamanddownstreammigration(迁移)ofAtlanticsalmon(鲑鱼)andtroutduringtheirreproductionseasons，aswellasaffectinghabitat(栖息地)quality.Thus，peopleshouldcontroltheconstructionofbeaverdams，especiallyinhuman-inhabitedareas，nearagriculturalfieldsandpasturelands.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了河狸筑坝虽然有利于生态系统的构建和发展，但也可能影响其他物种的迁移以及人类的生产和生活。12．Whatisthemainreasonforbeaverstobuilddams?A．Keepingwarminwinter.B．Storingfoodforlateruse.C．Protectingthemselvesfrompredators.D．Savingtheirhabitatsfromriverflooding.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，河狸筑坝的主要原因是利用它们躲避捕食者。故选C。13．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．Thelivingenvironmentofbeavers.B．Thefeaturesofbeaverdams.C．Themethodsofbuildingbeaverdams.D．Theintroductiontothelargestbeaverdam.答案B解析段落大意题。通读第二段可知，本段主要介绍河狸建造的水坝的基本特征，如坝高、坝长以及建造材料、结构、性能等等。故选B。14．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A．Riverpollutionposesabigdangertobeavers.B．Beaverdamshavegreatecological(生态的)significance.C．Stablewetlandecosystemsareimportanttodamconstruction.D．Beaverdamsserveastheplaceofreproductionforsomespecies.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，河狸建造的水坝有利于湿地生态系统的创建和发展，有助于防止洪水、保护土壤、减轻水体污染，由此推知，它们具有重要的生态意义。故选B。15．WhichofthefollowingmayRobertNeedhamagreewith?A．Peoplemaybedisturbedbytoomanybeaverdams.B．Beaverdamsmakemanyseaanimalsleavetheirhabitats.C．Farmerscouldbenefitalotfromengineeringworkofbeavers.D．BeaverdamspromoteanincreaseofsomespeciesintheAtlantic.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，人们应该控制河狸筑坝，特别是在人类居住的地区、农田和牧场附近，由此可推知，RobertNeedham可能会赞同“河狸筑建过多的水坝可能影响人类的生活”。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2023·浙江嘉兴高一期末)Therearetimesinlifewhenwedon’thavetheenergytogetthroughourproblems.Wecan’tfindthestrengthtopushahead.1Whenwearevoiceless，theybecomeourvoice.Whenweareweak，theybecomeourstrength.Whenwearedown，theyliftusup.Friendsremindusthroughtheiractionsthatwearenotalone.Theystandwithusandcomfortus.Evenwhensomefriendsdon’talwaysknowhowbesttohelp，theywanttobethereforus.AuthorParkerJ．PalmerinhisbookLetYourLifeSpeaksharesaboutthetimewhenhewasstrugglingwithdepression(抑郁)．Hecanstillrememberthatsomepeoplewhovisitedhimtriedtocheerhimup.“It’sabeautifulday.2”Althoughheunderstoodtheymeantwell，itmadehimmoredepressed.3OnewasaguynamedBillwhodroppedbyParker’shouseintheafternoons.HewouldseatParkerinthechair，removehisshoesandforhalfanhour，massagehisfeet.HehadfoundtheonlyplaceinParker’sbodywherehecouldstillexperiencefee