Unit 2　Section Ⅴ　Extended reading 教案 高中英语译林版（选择性必修第二册）

SectionⅤExtendedreadingStep1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Theimportanceofdiversesports.B．Thespiritsdemonstratedinthesportsidioms.C．Therelationshipbetweensportsandpeople’slife.D．Theorigin，themeaningandtheusageofsomeEnglishidiomsfromsports.答案DⅡ.悉篇章结构Step2细读——深度获取细节1．Whyaresportsidiomscommonineverydaylanguage?A．Becausesporthasalonghistory.B．Becausepeopleareinterestedinsports.C．Becausetherearealotofsportsevents.D．Becausesportplaysanimportantpartindailylife.答案D2．Whatcanyousayifalocalcouncilmakesadecisionwhichbackfires?A．Itisbelowthebelt.B．Itthrowsinthetowel.C．Itscoresanowngoal.D．Itthrowssomeoneacurveball.答案C3．Whichsituationcanbedescribedbyusingtheidiom“Threestrikesandyouareout”？A．Youlosethreepointsinabaseballmatch.B．Itisthethirdtimethatyouhavesucceededinscoring.C．Itisthethirdtimethatyouhavefailedinajobinterview.D．Youhaveparticipatedinbaseballmatchesforthreetimes.答案C4．Whichwordcanreplacetheword“ring”inthelastparagraphbutone?A．Stage. B．Stadium.C．Playground. D．Competitionarea.答案D5．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofintroducingthesesportsidioms?A．Towarnreadersnottouseidiomsatrandom.B．Toprovidesomeinterestinginformationtoamusereaders.C．Tomakereadersawareoftheimportanceofsportsandidioms.D．Toencouragereaderstouseasmanysportsidiomsaspossible.答案CStep3读后——课文语法填空SportsidiomsTherearelotsofsportsidiomsineverydaylanguage.Let’stakealookatsomeofthem!TheEnglishlanguageisfullofidioms1.that/whicharethoughttohavecomefromfootball.“Scoringanowngoal”infootballmeansaccidentally2.kicking(kick)orheadingtheballintoone’sownnet.BaseballhasgiventheEnglishlanguagemanydifferentidioms.Thevenuewhereabaseballgameisplayed3.iscalled(call)aballpark.So，evenifwedonotknow4.exactly(exact)wheretheballisduringthegame，wecanassumethatitissomewhereintheballpark.5.Forthisreason，peopleusetheexpression“intheballpark”or“aballparkestimate”totalkaboutroughestimates.Anothercommonbaseballexpressionis“throwingsomeoneacurveball”．Weusethisexpression6.todescribe(describe)thingsthatareunexpectedanddifficulttorespondto.“Threestrikesandyouareout”isanidiomthatcomesfrombaseball.Thisidiomisoftenusedtotalkaboutsituationswherepeoplefailafterwastingthree7.chances(chance)．Englishalsohas8.alargenumberofidiomsconnectedwithboxing，whichhasbeenapopularsportforthousandsofyears.“Throwinginthetowel”isacommonidiomthatcomesfromboxing.Sportis9.challenging(challenge)andsoislife.However，whenyouarethrownacurveball，donotthrowinthetowel—workhard，becarefulnottoscoreanowngoal，andyouaresuretomake10.it!Ⅰ.补句子析结构1．Sincesportisaninseparablepartofday-to-daylife，therearelotsofsportsidiomsthathavefoundtheirwayintoeverydaylanguage.(P25，Para.1)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。Since引导原因状语从句；主句使用了therebe倒装句式；that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词lotsofsportsidioms。汉语翻译：由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分，许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。2．Aninsurancesalesmanwhoisabouttoreach(reach)hisannualsalestarget，onlyforthecompanytomake(make)thetargethigher，couldrightlycomplainaboutthecompanymovingthegoalposts.(P25，Para.3)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Aninsurancesalesman。汉语翻译：如果一位保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了，而公司却在这时提高了销售目标，那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司movethegoalposts。3．“Scoringanowngoal”infootballmeansaccidentally(accident)kickingorheadingtheballintoone’sownnet，anditisoneoftheworst(bad)thingsthatcanhappentoafootballplayer.(P25，Para.4)结构分析：此句是and连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中，“Scoringanowngoal”infootball为动名词短语作主语；kickingorheadingtheballintoone’sownnet在句中作宾语；在后一分句中，that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词oneoftheworstthings.汉语翻译：在足球中，进乌龙球的意思是不小心将球踢进或顶进了自己队的球门，而这是一名球员所能遇到的最糟糕的情况之一。4．Youmightseethisexpressioninthenewspaperswhenthelocalcouncilmakesadecision(decide)whichbackfiresterribly！(P26，Para.4)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，which引导限制性定语从句。汉语翻译：如果地方议会作出了一项决策，结果却适得其反，那么你也许就会在报纸上看到这个说法！5．So，evenifwedonotknowexactly(exact)wheretheballisduringthegame，wecanassumethatitissomewhereintheballpark.(P26，Para.5)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。evenif引导让步状语从句，其中where引导宾语从句；主句中that引导宾语从句。汉语翻译：因此，即便我们在棒球比赛中并不知道球的准确位置，我们仍然可以认定它就在球场内的某处。6．Thisidiomisoftenusedtotalkaboutsituationswherepeoplefailafterwasting(waste)threechances.(P26，Para.6)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词situations。汉语翻译：这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。7．Englishalsohasalargenumberofidioms(idiom)connectedwithboxing，whichhasbeenapopularsportforthousandsofyears.(P26，Para.7)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。connectedwithboxing为过去分词短语作后置定语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词boxing。汉语翻译：英语中也有大量习语与拳击有关，这是一项数千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。8．Whenaboxerislosingbadlyandistootiredorconfusedtogive(give)uponhisorherown，thecoachwillliterallythrowatowelintotheringtoendthefight.(P26，Para.8)结构分析：此句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句；toendthefight为不定式作目的状语。汉语翻译：当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太过疲惫或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。Ⅱ.研典句学用法sb/sthbe＋v.-ed＋tohavedoneTheEnglishlanguageisfullofidiomswhicharethoughttohavecomefromfootball.(P25，Para.2)英语中有许多习语被认为源自足球。Ifsomeonemakesabadmistakewhichunintentionallyharmstheirowninterests，theyaresaidtohavescoredanowngoal.(P25，Para.4)如果有人犯下了无意中损害自身利益的严重错误，那么人们就会说，这样的人是在进乌龙球。结构分析：这两句话中都包含句型“sb/sthbe＋v.-ed＋tohavedone”。在第一句中，which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词idioms；在第二句中If引导条件状语从句，其中which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mistake。————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————句型itbe＋v.-ed＋that...可以转换成：sb/sthbe＋v.-ed＋todosb/sthbe＋v.-ed＋tobedoingsb/sthbe＋v.-ed＋tohavedone————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————(1)据说这个裁缝现在正在国外学习，这将会帮他制造出更加时尚的衣服。①Itissaidthatthetailorisstudyingabroadnow，whichwillhelphimmakemorefashionableclothes.②Thetailorissaidtobestudyingabroadnow，whichwillhelphimmakemorefashionableclothes.(2)据报道，科学家们已经发现了吸烟和肺癌之间的联系。①Itisreportedthatscientistshaveestablishedaconnectionbetweensmokingandlungcancer.②Scientistsarereportedtohaveestablishedaconnectionbetweensmokingandlungcancer.课文重点词块默写1．日常生活中不可缺失的一部分aninseparablepartofday-to-daylife2．看看takealookat3．有机会进球haveachancetoscore4．抱怨complainabout5．进球scoreagoal6．做决定makeadecision7．应对respondto8．努力/尝试做某事makeattemptstodosth9．大量alargenumberof10．独自onone’sown11．承认失败admitdefeat12．成功；做到makeit训练5Extendedreading[分值：62.5分]Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分)(应用文写作——参加足球队)1．杰克的父母反对他加入学校足球队，这让他很苦恼。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)Jack’sparentsopposedhisjoiningtheschoolfootballteam，whichmadehimupset.2．他的父母埋怨踢足球可能会给学习带来负面影响。(complain；that引导的宾语从句)Hisparentscomplainedthatplayingfootballmighthaveanegativeeffectonstudies.3．但杰克觉得尽管踢足球可能会占很多时间，我们应该正确客观地看待足球带来的影响。(evenif引导让步状语从句；keepsthinperspective)ButJackbelievedthatevenifplayingfootballmighttakeupmuchtime，weshouldkeeptheeffectsoffootballinperspective.4．通常情况下，是否有时间踢足球是和时间安排相关的。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)Aswasoftenthecase，whetherhehadtimetoplayfootballwasrelatedtohistimearrangements.5．下定决心并充满信心，杰克将尽力说服父母改变他们的想法。(形容词短语作状语)Determinedandconfident，Jackwouldtrytopersuadehisparentstochangetheirminds.组句成篇以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。Jackhasapassionforplayingfootball.ButJack’sparentsopposedhisjoiningtheschoolfootballteam，whichmadehimupset.Hisparentscomplainedthatplayingfootballmighthaveanegativeeffectonstudies.Besides，theythoughtplayingfootballmighttakeupJacktoomuchtime，leavinghimlesstimetostudy.ButJackbelievedthatevenifplayingfootballmighttakeupmuchtime，weshouldkeeptheeffectsoffootballinperspective.Aswasoftenthecase，whetherhehadtimetoplayfootballwasrelatedtohistimearrangements.Determinedandconfident，Jackwouldtrytopersuadehisparentstochangetheirminds.Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)AEverySaturdaymorning，at9am，morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Theeventsarefree，staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecordof13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy(传承)”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday，itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympicswouldbetoinspireanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches(沙发)．Thepopulationwouldbefitter，healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.OfficialsarestillwonderingwhyLondonOlympicsfailedto“inspireageneration”．ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.Parkrunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Thiskindofsportwelcomesanybody.Bothnewrunnersandchampionrunnerscanhavealotoffun.TheOlympicGames，bycontrast，wantedtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thestressonsuccesskeptnewcomersfromtakingpart.Infact，stateinvolvementinplanningcommunitysportsassociationsisabitoverdone.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment，itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytobuildtennisandnetballcourts，andencouragingalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butallthewhilegovernmentshavebeenbusywithsellinggreenspaces，takingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportsineducation.Insteadofwordy，worthystrategies，futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsportstodevelop，oratleastnotmakethemworse.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在越来越多的人们喜欢围绕着公园跑步，以起到运动和锻炼身体的作用，政府也应该加大与运动有关的基础设施建设以鼓励全民运动。1．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowaboutParkruninthefirstparagraph?A．Itshistory. B．Itsdifficulty.C．Itspopularity. D．Itsdevelopment.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第一段内容，尤其是前两句和最后一句可知，本段主要介绍了公园跑步的受欢迎程度。故选C。2．WhatcanweinferabouttheGamesofthe30thOlympics?A．Itpromotednationalsportparticipation.B．Itdidn’tbringcitizenstheexpectedbenefits.C．IthelpedpopularizetheParkrunmovement.D．ItsorganizersfoundtheanswertothefailureintheGames.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic‘legacy(传承)’isfailing...Ithasnothappened.”可推断，第三十届伦敦奥运会并没有给市民带来它所宣称的益处。故选B。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elite”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Intelligent. B．Brave.C．Excellent. D．Healthy.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后文“Thestressonsuccesskeptnewcomersfromtakingpart.”可推断，画线词所在句意为“相比之下，奥运会希望培养更多的精英运动员”，画线词词义与Excellent相近。故选C。4．Whatshouldgovernmentsdoaboutsportsaccordingtotheauthor?A．Sellortakeupgreenspaces.B．Paylessattentiontosportsineducation.C．Organizecommunitysportsassociations.D．Providetherightconditionsforsportstodevelop.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Insteadofwordy，worthystrategies，futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsportstodevelop，oratleastnotmakethemworse.”可知，政府应该为体育发展提供更多的便利条件。故选D。BDavidBrownisknownastheworld’sfastestcompletelyblindrunner.HewasdiagnosedwithKawasakidiseaseat15monthsold，whichledhimtocompletelylosehissightbyage13.Brownsayshewaslivinginfearforanumberofyearsuntilhediscoveredhispassionforrunning.Afterwinninganessaycontest，heearnedtheticketfortheOlympicGamesinBeijingin2008.Itwasatthattimethatheknewhewantedtocompetehimself.Paralympicrunnerstrainandcompetealongsidesightedguides.AttheRioGamesin2016，BrownandhispartnerJeromeAveryran10.99inthemen’s100-meterdashtotakehomethegold.Brownmadehiswaytorunningfromanothersport.Heexplainsthathelosthislefteyewhenhewas3，andlostvisioninhisrighteyeovertime.Heplayedbasketballasakid，butwasincreasinglygettinginjuredbecausehecouldn’tseetheballcoming.“Itooktheopportunitytorunontheplayground，andrealizedIhadsomespeedthere，”hesays.HepursuedhispassionattheMissouriSchoolfortheBlind.Brownstartedattheschoolwhenhewas11，anditwastherethathereallystartedrunningtrack.HegottohisfirstParalympicgamesbywritingaboutrunning.Brownwasoneofthe25winnersofanessaycontestthatgottoattendtheeventinBeijing.Hesayshewroteabouthowheusedsportstoovercomeobstacles，notingthatashegrewuphestruggledwithdepression.It’simportanttobeinsyncwithyourrunningpartner.HisnewpartnerStewardsayshedoesn’thavetoslowdownwhenrunningwithBrown，becausehe’sfast.A10-or11-secondracedoesn’trequiremuchspeaking，Stewardsays.“It’salsoanhonor，”Brownsays.HenotesthatParalympicrunnerscan’tdowhattheydowithoutguideslikeSteward，whocouldtheoreticallyrunsolobutchoosenotto.Hecallsit“agreathonor”．语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了大卫·布朗是世界上跑得最快的全盲运动员。他在15个月大时被诊断出患有川崎病，导致他在13岁时完全失明。文章讲述了他的个人经历以及成就。5．WhatmadeDavidBrowndecidetotakepartinthecompetitionhimself?A．Winninganessaycontest.B．WinninganOlympicmedal.C．Attendingthe2008Olympics.D．AttendingtheMissouriSchool.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Afterwinninganessaycontest，heearnedtheticketfortheOlympicGamesinBeijingin2008.Itwasatthattimethatheknewhewantedtocompetehimself.”可知，参加2008年奥运会使大卫·布朗决定亲自参加比赛。故选C。6．WhatmadeDavidBrownchangefrombasketballtorunning?A．Hischangeinpersonalinterest.B．Thedeclineandlossofhisvision.C．ThediagnosiswithKawasakidisease.D．HisparticipationinhisfirstParalympicgames.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Heexplainsthathelosthislefteyewhenhewas3...andrealizedIhadsomespeedthere”可知，视力的衰退和丧失让大卫·布朗从篮球转向跑步。故选B。7．WhatcanweknowaboutDavidBrown’sessay?A．Itwasinspiring.B．Itwasinteresting.C．Itwaspessimistic.D．Itwasdepressing.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“HegottohisfirstParalympicgamesbywritingaboutrunning...notingthatashegrewuphestruggledwithdepression.”可知，大卫·布朗的文章很鼓舞人心。故选A。8．WhichproverbbestdescribesDavidBrown’sstory?A．AllroadsleadtoRome.B．Everydoghasitsday.C．Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.D．Hopeforthebest，preparefortheworst.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容并结合全文可知，大卫·布朗在15个月大时被诊断出患有川崎病，导致他在13岁时完全失明，但凭借对跑步的热情，克服了困难，赢得了奥运会金牌。由此可推知，“有志者，事竟成”最能描述他的故事。故选C。Ⅲ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)HowtoLearnSeveralLanguagesataTimeLearninganewlanguageisachallengingandwonderfullyrewardingexperience.Atsomepoint，youmayfindyourselfneedingorwantingtolearnseverallanguagesatthesametime.1However，italsoallowsyoutochallengeyourbrainandtakeadvantageofthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthelanguagesyou’relearning.2Ifyouhaveachoice，choosetolearnonelanguagethatiseasierforyou，andanotherorothersthataremoredifficult.Aneasierlanguagewillbeonethatissimilartoyournativelanguageoranotherlanguagethatyouknow，whileamoredifficultlanguagewillbeonethatislesssimilar.Makeonelanguageyourpriority.3Thisway，attheendofyourhardwork，youaremorelikelytobeskilledinatleastoneofyourlanguages，ratherthanonlyknowingasmallamountofeachofthem.Translatebetweenthelanguagesyou’relearning.Onewaytokeepallthelanguagesyouarelearningactiveinyourmindistotrytranslatingbetweenthem，ratherthantranslatingthembacktoyournativelanguage.4Addallofthelanguagestoalanguage-learningapporwebsite.Severallanguage-learningappsandwebsites，suchasDuolingo，Memrise，Clozemaster，AnkiandLingvistallowyoutoaddseverallanguagesatonce.5Thisway，whenyouareon-the-go，youhavequickaccesstoawaytostudyanyofthelanguagesyouaretryingtolearn.A．Thisprocesscanbeverydifficult.B．Chooselanguagesthatvaryindifficulty.C．Studythesametopicinallofthelanguages.D．Youcanuseawebsitetofindagrouplikethis.E．Thiscanhelpyouunderstandthelanguagesonadeeperlevel.F．Itishelpfultogiveoneofthelanguagesthemosttimeandattention.G．Downloadanapp，andthenaddallofyourlanguages，iftheyareavailableonit.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何同时学习几种语言。)1．答案A解析上文说学一门新语言就具有挑战性，而有时需要同时学几种语言。选项A承接上文，说明同时学习几种语言的过程是非常困难的，同时与下文中同时学习几种语言的好处形成转折。故选A。2．答案B解析空格处是本段主题句，本段下文建议选择几门难度不同的语言，选项B引领概括下文。故选B。3．答案F解析上文“Makeonelanguageyourpriority.”建议优先对待某一门语言，选项F承接上文，说明可以对某一门语言投入最多的时间和精力，同时引出下文这样做的好处。故选F。4．答案E解析上文“Onewaytokeepallthelanguages...ratherthantranslatingthembacktoyournativelanguage.”建议在新语言之间互译，而不是回到母语，选项E“这能帮助你更深入地理解这几门语言”承接上文，是上文所建议方法的结果。故选E。5．答案G解析上文“Severallanguage-learningapps...allowyoutoaddseverallanguagesatonce.”提供了一些语言学习的程序和网站，并说明有些程序上可以添加几种语言，选项G承接上文，建议下载程序添加语言。故选G。Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)TheTrans-SiberianRailwayisawell-knowntrainrouteintheworld.Thousandsoftravelerspacktheirsuitcaseseveryyearintoatraincabin(车厢)1.willtakethemfromMosc