江苏省南京市东山高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月学情调查英语试题

2024-2025学年高二上学期十月学情调查英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhoismostprobablyEsther?A.Aballetdancer. B.Afilmdirector. C.Anewsreporter.2.WhatdidSarahstressjustnow?A.Teamwork. B.Responsibility. C.Creativethinking.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’sveryhot. B.It’sprettycold. C.It’ssuperwarm.4.WhatdoesGregaskChloetodo?A.Drawupanotice. B.Sendanapplication. C.Viewanadvertisement.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Acharityevent. B.Ahelpfulvolunteer. C.Afriendlycommunity.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthemanprobablybedoingat10:00a.m.tomorrow?A.HavingamealwithMs.Carey.B.Talkingaboutmarketingstrategies.C.Attendingabudgetreviewmeeting.7.Whenwilltomorrow’sconferencecallbegin?A.At5:30p.m. B.At4:30p.m. C.At3:00p.m.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Closefriends.B.Fellowpassengers.C.Airhostessandpassenger.9.WhydoesthemangotoFrance?A.Forsightseeing. B.Forshopping. C.Forbusiness.10.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.TheNetherlands. B.Britain. C.Thailand.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdoesDylanWarrensayaboutthecar?A.Itsscratchwasfromanaccident.B.Ithasrunmorethan45,000miles.C.Itsairconditioningsystemisnew.12.WhatisJessicaJamesdissatisfiedwithaboutthecar?A.Theengine. B.Thebrakes. C.Thesuspensions.13.HowmuchdoesDylanWarrenwanttosellthecarfor?A.$5,500. B.$6,000. C.$6,500.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whichofthefollowingappealstothewomanmost?A.Shaolinkungfu. B.WingChun. C.Taichi.15.Whatdoesthemanappreciateaboutdrunkenboxing?A.Itshealthbenefits. B.Itsinterestingeffects. C.Itsgracefulmovements.16.Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutintheend?A.Differentformsofself-defense.B.ThenewconceptofChinesephilosophy.C.ThesignificanceofChinesemartialarts.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdoesDebraRosenthalteach?A.OrganicChemistry.B.EnvironmentalLiterature.C.ClimateChange:GlobalImpacts.18.WhywasIsidoraDjukicunsureaboutRosenthal’sideaatfirst?A.Shedoubteditseffectivenessinlearning.B.Shedidn’tenjoyplayingtheboardgames.C.Shepreferredtraditionalclassroomdiscussions.19.Howdoestheboardgame“Solutions”differfrom“Monopoly”?A.Theaimof“Solutions”istowin.B.“Solutions”includescollectingrecyclablematerials.C.Theplayersof“Solutions”worktowardsacommongoal.20.Whatdoweknowabouttheboardgame“Solutions”?A.Itofteninvolvesvotestomakeadecision.B.Itrequirestheplayerstomeasurethetemperature.C.Itneedstobeplayedwithsixcopiesatthesametime.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFortheintrepidtravelerseekinguniqueandoff-the-beaten-pathexperiences,thesefourinternationaltouristdestinationsofferaplethoraofcaptivatingsightsandactivities.Destination1:MachuPicchu,PeruNestledhighintheAndesMountains,MachuPicchuisanarchaeologicalwonderthathasmystifiedandattractedscholarsandadventurersalike.ThisancientIncancitadel,oftenreferredtoasthe“LostCityoftheIncas,”isaccessibleonlybyastrenuoushikeoratrainridethroughbreathtakinglandscapes.Theruinsarerepletewithintricatelycarvedstonestructures,terracedfields,andsacredtemples.Thesite’smysterioushistoryandstunningnaturalsettingmakeitamust-visitdestinationforthosewithapenchantforexploration.Destination2:Santorini,GreeceRenownedforitsdramaticcliffs,cobalt-bluedomes,andmesmerizingsunsets,Santoriniisaparadiseforaesthetesandromantics.Theisland’suniquevolcaniclandscapeoffersavisualfeastofmulticoloredcliffsidesandcrystal-clearwaters.Wanderthroughthecharmingwhite-washedvillagesofOiaandFira,andsavorthelocalcuisine,whichincludesfreshseafoodanddeliciousMediterraneandelicacies.Theisland’sluxuriousresortsandspasprovidetheperfectrespiteafteradayofexploring.Destination3:Kyoto,JapanAstheculturalheartofJapan,Kyotoisacitysteepedinhistoryandtradition.Hometonumerousancienttemples,shrines,andgardens,KyotooffersaglimpseintoJapan’srichculturalheritage.VisittheiconicKinkaku-ji(GoldenPavilion),strollthroughthesereneArashiyamaBambooGrove,andexperienceatraditionalteaceremony.Thecity’straditionalcrafts,suchassilkweavingandpottery,arealsoadrawfortouristsseekingamoreimmersiveculturalexperience.Destination4:Prague,CzechRepublicWithitsfairytale-likearchitecture,Pragueisacitythatseemstohavesteppedoutofastorybook.Thecity’sOldTownSquareisdominatedbytheAstronomicalClock,amedievaltimepiecethatisamarvelofengineering.Explorethenarrowcobblestonestreetsandvisitthemanycastlesandpalacesthatdotthecity.Prague’svibrantnightlifeandworld-classcuisinemakeitapopulardestinationfortravelersfromaroundtheworld.21.WhatmakesMachuPicchuamust-visitdestination?A.ItsancientlostcityoftheIncas. B.Itseasyaccessibilitytoalltravellers.C.Itsstonestructuresandsacredtemples. D.Itsunexplainablehistoryandnaturallandscape.22.WhatdoDestination2andDestination4haveincommon?A.Theyareparadisesforromantics.B.Theyprovidedeliciousdelicacies.C.Theyaredominatedbyengineeringmarvels.D.Theyofferavisualfeastofcrystal-clearwaters.23.Ifyou’reinterestedinhistory,youcanchoosetovisit.A.Destination1andDestination3B.Destination2andDestination3C.Destination2andDestination4D.Destination1andDestination2BAdaughtercomplainedtoherfatheraboutherlifeandhowthingsweresohardforher.Shedidnotknowifshewasgoingtomakeitandwantedtogiveup.Shewastiredoffightingandstruggling.Itseemedasoneproblemwassolvedanewonearose.Herfather,acook,tookhertothekitchen.Hefilledthreepotswithwaterandplacedeachonahighfire.Soonthepotscametoaboil.Inoneheplacedcarrots,inthesecondheplacedeggs,andinthelastheplacedgroundcoffeebeans.Heletthemsitandboil,withoutsayingaword.Thedaughtersuckedherteethandimpatientlywaited,wonderingwhathewasdoing.Inabouttwentyminutesheturnedofftheburners.Hefishedthecarrotsoutandplacedtheminabowl.Hepulledtheeggsoutandplacedtheminabowl.Thenheladledthecoffeeoutandplaceditinamug.Turningtoher,heasked,“Darling,whatdoyousee?”“Carrots,eggs,andcoffee,”shereplied.Hebroughthercloserandaskedhertofeelthecarrots.Shedidandnotedthattheyweresoft.Hethenaskedhertotakeaneggandbreakit.Afterpullingofftheshell,sheobservedthehard-boiledegg.Finally,heaskedhertosipthecoffee.Shesmiled,asshetasteditsricharoma.“Whatdoesitmean,father?”shehumblyasked.Heexplainedthateachofthemhadfacedthesameadversity,boilingwater,buteachreacteddifferently.Thecarrotwentinstrong,hard,andunrelenting;butafterbeingsubjectedtotheboilingwater,itbecamesoftenedandweak.Theegghadbeenfragile;itsthinoutershellhadprotecteditsliquidinterior;butaftersittingthroughtheboilingwater,itsinsidebecamehardened.Thegroundcoffeebeanswereunique,however;aftertheywereintheboilingwater,theyhadchangedthewater.“Whichareyou?”heaskedhisdaughter.24.Whydidthedaughtercomplaintoherfather?A.Becauseshefoundlifewasextremelycrueltoher.B.Becauseshefoundthatshewasatalossinherlife.C.Becauseshewastiredoffightingandstrugglingwithothers.D.Becauseshedoubtedifshe’dmakeittoaddressingtheboredominlife.25.Whatdidthefathertakehisdaughtertothekitchenfor?A.Toboilthreethingsforher. B.Toexplaintoherwhatlifeis.C.Togivehersomeinspiration. D.Tocarryoutanexperimentwithher.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Thefatherseemedtobeinfavoroftheeggmost.B.Thecarrotwaslikelytobethedaughter’sfavourite.C.Thethreethingsallstoodthetestoftheboilingwater.D.Thegroundcoffeebeanschosetoaffecttheirsurroundings.27.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Avividlesson B.Abestchoice C.Atoughchallenge D.AroughrideCWhendriving,Clara-MarinaMartinezmakesanoteofanyunusualbehavioursheseesontheroad.Shethenfeedstheseintomachine-learningalgorithms(算法),aformofAI,whichsheishelpingdevelopforPorscheEngineering.Thosealgorithmsareintendedtoproduceasystemreliableenoughforacartodriveitself.Suchafullyautonomouscar,knownintheindustryasLevel5,shouldbeabletocompleteanentirejourneywithoutanyintervention(介入)fromthedriver,anddealwithallsituationsontheroad.Butthisisprovinghardtoachieve,andmanyattemptstodosoarebeingabandoned.Lastyear,forinstance,Ubersoldoffitsunitdevelopingself-drivingcars.Autonomousvehiclesaresaidtobenotjustconvenientbutpotentiallysafer.However,justaspeopletaketimetolearnhowtodrivesafely,sodomachines.Andmachinesarenotquicklearners.TheRANDCorporationcalculatesthattodevelopasystem20%saferthanahumandriver,100self-drivingcarswouldhavetooperate24hoursaday,365daysayear.CarmakerssuchasPorschethereforespeedupthedevelopmentprocessusingsimulators(模拟器).Theseteachsoftwareaboutdangersrarelyencounteredinreality.DrMartinezandhercolleaguesemploy“gameengines”todothis.Theseareusedtocreatevirtualworldsthroughwhichthesoftwarecandrive.Objectsinthesevirtualworldsareassignedtheirphysicalcharacteristics(ie,buildingsarehard,peoplearesoft)sothatthesensorsinvehiclesrespondintheappropriateway.Oncethesoftwarehasbeentrained,itistestedinrealautonomousvehiclesbyre-creatingthosesituationsonatesttrack.Howquicklyallthiswilltranslateintorealityremainstobeseen.Bothregulatorsandcustomerswillneedtoovercomethedoubtthatasoftwaredriverreallycanbesaferthanahumanbeing.FromPorsche’spointofview,though,thereisanotherquestion.Giventhatmuchofthereasonowningasportscarisforownerstoshowofftheirdrivingskills,justhowbigamarketwilltherebeforaversionwheresoftwaretakesthosebragging(炫耀的)rightsaway?28.WhydoesClara-MarinaMartineznotetheunusualbehaviourontheroad?A.TomarketPorschecars.B.ToimproveanAItechnology.C.Tolearntobearesponsibledriver.D.Toenjoyridinginaself-drivingcar.29.Theproblemwithself-drivingcarsisthat.A.TheylearnasslowlyashumanbeingsB.TheyoperateforaveryshortperiodoftimeC.TheyhavetobemonitoredbyhumandriversD.Theyneedalongtimetoreachacertainsafetylevel30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph4referto?A.Employingsimulatorsonatesttrack.B.Speedingthedevelopmentofprocess.C.Figuringoutthephysicalroaddangers.D.Separatingtherealworldfromthevirtualworld.31.WhatworriesPorscheaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thereliabilityofcarsoftware.B.Thefutureofthesportscarmarket.C.Thedrivingskillsofhumanbeings.D.Thequalityofself-drivingcarsinthefuture.DStudieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanismthathelpsussustainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurance(保险)companiesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliaroptionsasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.It’seasytopaintthefamiliarityprincipleasanenemyorsomethingtobattleasifitissomethingthatholdsusbackfromlivingourdreams.Butthisattitudemightbeoverwhelmingbecauseittendstoencourageustowardbig-picturethinking.Whereweimaginethatchangerequiresaquitedramaticswingthatwedon’tfeelreadyfor.Somearticlessuggestthesolutiontofamiliarityfrustration(沮丧)iscompleteexposuretonovelty.Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortterm,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.Sowhatifwecanworkwiththefamiliarityprincipleinstead?Familiarityissomethingwecanlearntoplaywithandenjoy.Itisasettingforcreativityandapathwaytoexpansion.Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourlivestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluableoptions.32.Whatallowsinsurancecompaniestochargeoldcustomersmore?A.Theadvertisingcost. B.Theimprovedservice.C.Thefamiliarityprinciple. D.Theprincipleofthemarket.33.Wecanlearnfromparagraph2that.A.OurpreferencesaffectourdecisionsB.FamiliaritytendstogeneratedisrespectC.Thefamiliarityprincipleisadouble-edgedswordD.Therecanbeamismatchbetweendesiresandactions34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesolutioninsomearticles?A.Disapproving. B.Tolerant. C.Objective. D.Reserved.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.StepOutofYourFamiliarityZoneB.SpareaThoughtforYourPreferenceC.GentlyExpandYourFamiliarityZoneD.GivePrioritytotheMereExposureEffect第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EssentialCreativityInarecentsurveyinAmerica,62%ofpeoplesaidthatcreativitywasmoreimportanttosuccessintheworkplacethantheyhadexpectedittobewhentheywereinschool.36Itisofcoursepossibletoscanpeople’sbrainsandseewhichpartsarefiringwhenanideaiscreated,butrathermoreromanticallyitcanbethoughtofassomethingthatcannotbeidentified.Creativityiswhatcomestoyouwhenyouleastexpectit.Youcannotdemandcreativityfromyourmind,norcanyoudemandthatyouarecreativeinaparticularway.Onemisconceptionaboutcreativityisthatitisreservedforafewspecialpeople.Thisisnottrue.37Anothermisconceptionisthatcreativityisallabouttheartsbutthissimplyisn’ttrue.38Itisincrediblyimportantthatschoolsdonotpreventcreativity.39Studentsshouldbetaughttoaskquestionsandinvestigatewhenthingsdonotmakesense.Theyneedtolearntoviewmistakesasopportunitiesforlearningratherthansomethingthatwasunsuccessful.Butnowitisworryingthatmanyschoolsarelessconcernedwithnurturingcreativity.However,withoutcreativity,weareindistinguishablefromthemasses.40Meanwhile,wecanalsochannelittofacethechallengesofthefuture.A.Wecanuseittosetourselvesapart.B.It’sdifficulttodefinewhatcreativityis.C.Everyonehasthecapacitytobecreative.D.Wecanemploycreativitytodealwiththeworld.E.Rather,theyshouldworktoexpand,grow,andexerciseit.F.It’shardtoworkoutwhereexactlycreativitycomesfrom.G.Creativityextendstomathsandscienceinjustthewayitdoestomusicandliterature.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atomic(原子的)shapesaresosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownanyfurther.Mathematiciansaretryingto41artificialintelligence(AI)tobuilda“periodictable”(周期表)oftheseshapes.TomCoatesatImperialCollegeLondonandhiscolleaguesareworkingtoclassify(分类)atomicshapes42asFanovarieties,whicharesosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownintosmaller43.Justaschemistsarrangedelementsintheperiodictablebytheiratomicweightandgroupto44newinsights,theresearchershopethatorganizingtheseatomicshapesbytheirvarious45willhelpinunderstandingthem.Theteamhasassignedeachatomicshapeasequenceofnumbers46itsfeaturessuchasthenumberofholesithasorthe47towhichittwistsarounditself.Thisactsasabarcode(条形码)to48it.CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withan49of98percent.TheteammemberAlexanderKasprzyk,whoworksattheUniversityofNottingham,UK,saysthattheAIhaslettheteamorganizeatomicshapesinawaythatbeginsto50theperiodictable.51whenyoureadfromlefttoright,orupanddown,thereseemtobeorganizedpatternsinthegeometry(几何)oftheshapes.Theteamhopesto52themodeltothepointwheremissingspacesinitsperiodictablecouldpointtotheexistenceofunknownshapes,whichcould53benefitfurtherstudy.GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbytheAIandcreatesproofsoftheseideas.“AIhas54gotunbelievableabilities.Butinthesamewaythattelescopes(望远镜)don’tputastronomersoutofwork,AIdoesn’tputmathematiciansoutofwork,”hesays.“Itjustgivesusnew55thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach.”41.A.goabout B.turnto C.breakwith D.throwin42.A.rewarded B.encountered C.entitled D.diverged43.A.components B.perspectives C.variations D.transformations44.A.enhance B.estimate C.reveal D.guarantee45.A.predictions B.properties C.arrangements D.allowances46.A.trappedin B.comparedto C.benton D.basedon47.A.scale B.extent C.width D.dimension48.A.identify B.grasp C.imply D.cast49.A.concept B.impression C.essence D.accuracy50.A.differ B.follow C.multiple D.claim51.A.asthough B.evenif C.sothat D.nowthat52.A.display B.expose C.distinguish D.improve53.A.inturn B.incontrast C.byturns D.inreturn54.A.critically B.definitely C.strikingly D.comprehensively55.A.setting B.booming C.backing D.calling第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SincethecentralauthoritiesconfirmedforthefirsttimeinanimportantresolutionissuedinJulythat56(delay)retirementwillbeadvancedona“voluntaryandflexible”basis,thenarrativeisnomoreaboutif,butwhenandhowthestatutoryretirementage57(raise).Chinahas58seriousagingpopulationproblem,atrendthatisunlikelytobemitigated(减缓)anytimesoon.Asthetrendcontinues,thecountrymayfacelaborshortagesandpension(养老金)59(pressure)inthefuture.Thatis60thecentralauthoritiesplantoraisetheretirementage.China’scurrentretirementagehasobviouslynotkeptpace61itschangingdemography(人口统计)aswellassocialandeconomicdevelopment,especiallyatatimewhenthecountry’saveragelifeexpectancyhasgoneupbymorethan30yearsfrom62itwas70yearsagoandthekindofworkpeopledoisnolongerjustmanual.However,therelatedauthoritiesshouldalsofaceuptothegrimrealitythatmanyyoungpeopleinChinanowadayscannotfindjobs,andinsomesectorssuchastheinternet,employeesaged35orabove63(lose)theirjobs.64(address)this,theauthoritiesshouldadoptaprudent(慎重的)andconsiderateapproach,and,ifnecessary,introducesome65(support)socialsecuritymeasures.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)66.假定你是中学生李华，你因故不能参加下周六在学校礼堂举行的中国古诗词书法展，想把票赠给对中国古代文学非常感兴趣的英国留学生朋友Jack。请你给他写一封邮件告知相关情况，内容包括：1.你不能观看中国古诗词书法展的原因；2.简介本次中国古诗词书法展的内容和观看意义；3.如何取得门票。参考词汇：中国古诗词书法展thecalligraphyexhibitiononancientChinesepoetry注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJack.