SAT语法出题思路

明显的错误：简单句单动词原则主句或某个分句没有动词（本来可以作mainverb的动词被变成了现在分词；整个句子只是一个名词加上了一堆修饰成分，如：从句，同位语等）例句1：themanwhohasbeenlongingtoseeyouwaitingatthedoor.例句2AmyFowler,afamousjournalist,whowontheawardat1992forhergreatcontributionto____.题干中有超过一个的实意动词，例句：lastSundayIvisitedheraunt,shehadbeeninbedforweeks.这不仅是一个送分题，更是一个典型的错误选项（对于怎么看都对的选项，请代回原句读一遍）OC4-S10-9C。只有从句，主句一直没有出现，例句:Becauseshewassuchaselfishwoman,whonevercaredaboutanythingbutherpersonalinterests.平行结构不平行，例句，sheisanoverwhelmingwomanandneverlikesanychallenges.三个或以上的平行项目turtlesareendangeredbecauseoftheoverharvestingoftheadults,destructionoftheirhabitats,andtheireggsaredisturbed.OG1-S10-12大平行套小平行，例句althoughitdependsonthegovernmentforbusinessandinformationanduniversitiessupplytalentsforthespaceresearchcenter,itisquiteanindependentcorporation.正确：althoughitdependsonthegovernmentforbusinessandinformationandonuniversitiesfortalents,thespaceresearchcenterisquiteanindependentcorporation.句子之间的不平行（通常是前句主动，后句被动,前句正常语序，后句倒装：therebe），例句：theinequalitiesinclassescausedgreatangeramongthepublic,andarevolutionwascausedbythisanger.没想到，aswellas,ratherthan,but,or.(2005-3section104)引导状语从句的连词，典型:because.例句：thereisatendencythat_______,andthisisbecause__________________.3.连词的其他考点a.两句话之间没有连词，同1.b.b.有连词，但是逻辑关系式错误的，例句Formonths,thepresshaspraisedThatcherforherhandlingoftheinternationalcrisis,whenthedomesticeconomyworsened,c.连词在句首，导致被忽略，尤其是状语从句的连词because,although,when,if,as，例句：because_________________________________________,since____________________.OC5-S6-4三个分句，但只有一个连词（后两个分句中间没有逗号，导致不明显）例句：mygrandpaneverlearnttouseacalculator,butasheshopshecanalwaysworkouthisgrocerybillsinhishead.（正确）2005-03-section10-72007-10-S5-19which引导的定语从句不缺任何成分4.比较对象问题：than,compare,differ/differentfromlike,unlike,similarto,manytimes(oranytimes),as…as,notso…as;简洁原则，典型的不简洁往往涉及到动名词复合结构，例句：manySzechuanreciperequireonecookwithouttherebeinganyinterruption.OC2-S10-14possessivepronoun+doingobjectivepronoun+doingprep.+doing+objective典型的不优先考虑的选项：涉及到being*,beingthat,havingdone*,动名词复合结构(详见ijk），新的插入语*OC2-s10-6,新的代词OG3-S10-2*,不合理的被动语态，扭曲原句意思：OG5-S10-7havingdone在强调先后的时候是正确选项：OG5-S6-1,09-5-S4-11隐性错误：单复数问题（包含主谓一致,名词单复数一致）特别留心倒装句：Absentfromthecurtaincall,toourdisappointment,wasthedirectorandtheproducer,bothofwhomhaddonesomuchtobringaboutthistriumphantopeningnight.Noerror主语一致问题，lookingathisson,Jimmyreallyangeredhisfather在主语一致的问题中，对于现在分词作状语，要尤其小心，因为题干中的现在分词使用得可能不符合现在分词的基本含义（1.同时发生；2.常态或者重复）askingforacomprehensivehealth-careplaninvain,theworkerscalledinsicknessasaprotest.unlikeherfriendAmy,makingthevarsityteamasafreshman,Joliedidn’tmakeituntilherthirdyear.OG7-S4-20,09-5-S4-21代词指代（看到ittheyweyouwhichthisthat都要本能地怀疑）itmustrefertoONEspecificnouninthesentence.it与they的互换横空出世的we或者you优先考虑将代词避免的选项OG7-S10-4Johnbelievesthatplantsrespondtohumanattention,whichcauseshistalkingtohisAfricanvioletseverynight.attention,whichcauseshistalkingattentionandtalkingiswhatisdoneattentionandhistalksattention;forthisreasonshasbeenhistalking5.就近原则（各种modifier包括限定性定语从句）OC3-S10-8(E)6.意思重复OG3-S10-10OG6-S6-77.IE中的不定式与动名词a.在动词后面：表目的，必须用动词不定式(避免使用fordoing),表宾语，如果该动作尚未发生必须用动词不定式09-5-S4-23;已经发生则用doing如果to既不是宾语也不是目的，则是介词（而非动词不定式的构成），后面跟动名词。背固定搭配，这些搭配中的to往往有明确的指向性（字面意思）;下列短语中的to是介词，后面必须加名词或者动名词Trustto把⋯⋯托付给turnto求助于sayyes/noto同意，不同意beusedto习惯于besentencedto被判刑seeto注意处理，照料stickto坚持standupto勇敢面对bereducedto沦为，降为giveriseto使发生payattentionto注意pointto指向objectto反对beopposedto反对leadto导致lookforwardto盼望beopento愿意接受lookupto尊敬giveone’smindto专心于keepto坚持getdownto着手做givewayto对---让步befamiliarto对---熟悉findone’swayto设法到达devoteoneselfto献身于=commitoneselfto=dedicateoneselftobeequalto能胜任inadditionto除---外limittoadmitto承认limittob.当不定式在形容词后面，除非形容词修饰的是不定式本身（如：itisgoodtoeathealthyfood.）