新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题01 高频语法之名词、代词、冠词、介词与语法填空（原卷版）

专题01高频语法之名词、代词、冠词、介词与语法填空（原卷版） 一、名词、代词、冠词 1.思维导图 2.高考真题再现一、2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes__________sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.2.（2022全国甲卷）____________friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.（2022年浙江1月真题）Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof___________time,theyagreed.（2022新高考二卷）___37___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.（2022.6新高考1卷语法填空）TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___62___(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and_eventually(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.答案：.populations（2022全国乙卷）“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe__largest_(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.（2022全国乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening__________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.二、2021年高考真题（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）Whileyou'reinChina,MountHuangshanis

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musttovisit!（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe

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(human)are.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

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(watchtower)totakepictures...（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）.

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(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）andaccommodationsaim

tohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad"willneverdisappear",anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory.Itsuredoesin

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(I).（2021.1浙江卷语法填空）Itiscalculatedbydividinga

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(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

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(consider)healthy.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）Ittookusabout3hourstogoall

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wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Dueto

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growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

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tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:（2021.6浙江卷语法填空）

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Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.（2021.6浙江卷语法填空）In1844theyboughtit

for＄1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir

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(marry)ceremonyin1842..（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Ecotourismhas

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(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

educatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

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(develop)ofthelocalareas.（2021.6浙江卷语法填空）Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof

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(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder."三、2020年高考真题（2020·新课标=1\*ROMANI卷语法填空）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso65thefamiliarnearside.（2020·新课标=1\*ROMANI卷语法填空）Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow69iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.（2020·新课标=2\*ROMANII卷语法填空）ChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine42．(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor43（walking）(walk)througharainforest.四、2019年高考真题【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Of___69___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,sixare(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】Everybodywears___57___samestyleofclothes..（2019·北京卷·语法填空）Nervously__facing_(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto___3___(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.五．2018年高考真题【2018·新课标卷I·语法填空】Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014that/whichshowedamerefiveto10【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover___62___past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.【2018·新课标卷III·语法填空】Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat____62____topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.【2018·新课标卷III·语法填空】MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma___66___(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.【2018·浙江卷·语法填空】FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.【2018·浙江卷·语法填空】FResearchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.六、2017年高考真题【2017·新课标卷I·语法填空】As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.【2017·新课标卷II·语法填空】Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromwork.【2017·新课标卷II·语法填空】Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,laying(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover64top. 3.模拟检测1.（2022·新疆·布尔津县高级中学一模）Handwritingis____5____importantskillthatgoesbeyondcommunication.2.（2022·云南·一模）IthaslongbeenadreamfortheLaopeopletoseetheircountrychangefromaland-lockedcountry___15___a“land-linkedone”,andtheopeningofthenewrailwayisabigsteptowardturningtheirdreamintoreality.3.（2022·河南·模拟预测）Watermistwassprayed___45___theair,whichwasthencrystallized(结晶)thesnowwiththefreezingairtemperature.4.（2022·云南·一模）TheopeningoftheChina-LaosRailwaywillthushelpspeedthedevelopmentoftheChina-LaosEconomicCorridor,andwillfurtheradvancethebuildingofaChina-Laoscommunitywith____20____sharedfuture.5.（2022·河南·三模）TheseGamesarenot____39____endofthestory.Withtheirperformanceandtheirappearance,eachoftheseathletescanwinoverahugenewfancommunityforthetimeaftertheGames.6.（2022·重庆南开中学模拟预测）Andwithoutcourage,we’llneverstepinto____44____unknown.7.（2022·重庆·一模）Theyalsosetupthetrafficsignalsand___55___seriesoftrafficmonitoringequipment.8.（2021•漳州一中新高考模拟•语法填空•T10）Theasteroid(小行星)10930Jinyong(1998CR2)isnamed___10___him.9.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】Oncanvas(画布),itseffectisclose______theartofChinesecalligraphy.10.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdisease______theirbodieswiththeirmeals.11.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】Whileit’swonderfulforpeoplewhowanttoseewhatthesemuseumsofferandteachthem,it’snotalwaysthebestforthemuseumsfacingincreasinghardshipsinterms______funding. 4.考试技巧【名词的关键技法点拨】语法填空解题策略:1.根据语境标志词判断名词(1)看到冠词或形容词或形容词性物主代词时,要想到名词;(2)遇到介词或及物动词时要想到名词;(3)当看到并列连词所连接的前或后是名词时要想到名词。2.根据规则确定名词单复数(1)如果空格处被these,several,many和数词等修饰时,要考虑用名词的复数形式;(2)如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或are,要考虑用名词的复数形式;(3)在平时学习中要熟记名词单数变复数的规则,方能解决好此类问题。3.熟记常见名词后缀:-age表示“状态;场所;费用”;-ory表示“工作场所;住处”;-ology表示“……学;……论”;-ure表示“状态”;-cy表示“性质;状态”;-ery表示“境遇;状况;性质;行为”;-ism表示“主义”;-ty表示“性质;状态;程度”。【冠词和代词的关键技法点拨】【关键技法点拨】语法填空解题策略在语法填空中冠词和介词(短语)必考,不给出提示词。代词考查相对较少,而且有时会给出提示词或者可能填其他词。1.根据泛指或特指选择冠词如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。2.根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语,记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题。3.熟记常用的不定代词,如one,all,both,either,neither,each,many,much,little,few,other,another,something,nothing等。4.人称、物主、反身代词:“成分”是关键(1)如果句中缺少主语,则用人称代词的主格;(2)如果句中缺少宾语或表语,则用人称代词的宾格;(3)如果句中缺少定语,则用形容词性物主代词;(4)如果宾语或表语又反射到句子主语,则用反身代词。 5.知识点拓展1.名词考点1.可数名词的复数(1)规则变化:一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。规则例词一般在词尾加-smap—maps,sea—seas,girl—girls,day—days以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-esclass—classes,box—boxes,watch—watches,dish—dishes以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf—leaves,thief—thieves,knife—knives,half—halves,loaf—loaves,wife—wives,shelf—shelves加-sbelief—beliefs,chief—chiefs,proof—proofs,roof—roofs以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-esparty—parties,family—families,story—stories,city—cities以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-stoy—toys,boy—boys,day—days,ray—rays,Henry—Henrys以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-eshero—heroes,potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano—pianos,photo—photos,kilo—kilos两者皆可zero—zeros/zeroesvolcano—volcanos/volcanoesmosquito—mosquitos/mosquitoes规则例词以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio—radios,bamboo—bamboos,zoo—zoos以-th结尾的名词加-struth—truths,mouth—mouths,month—months,path—paths(2)不规则变化规则例词改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,goose—geese,mouse—mice单复数相同species,sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,li,yuan,jin只有复数形式ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents一些集体名词总是用作复数people,police,cattle,staff部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员)audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population,crew,team,public,enemy,party复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关),forces(军队),times(时代),spirits(情绪),drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件,报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)表示“某国人”加-sAmericans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans单复数同形Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen,Frenchwomen合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches将两部分变为复数womensingers,menservants考点2不可数名词1.不可数名词量的表达不可数名词一般不能直接用不定冠词或数词修饰，而应与特定的单位名词连用来表示量的概念，如：acupoftea,fourpiecesofbread等。2.抽象名词的具体化这类名词如果仅仅表示某种概念，是不可数名词；如果表示具体的人或事，就成了可数名词，前面常加不定冠词，如：pleasure,help,honor,surprise,success,failure等。有些抽象名词在具体化时，还可以用复数形式出现，如：nopains,nogains；表示特指时，可与定冠词连用。3.学科名词和集体名词的意义(1)有些学科名词以s结尾，但表示单数意义，如：physics,maths,politics等。(2)有些集体名词通常只用于表示复数概念，如：police,people,cattle等。(3)有些集体名词在表示整体时为单数概念，在表示集体中的各个成员时为复数概念，如：class,family,couple,audience,government,public等。考点3名词所有格1.表示有生命物体的名词所有格(1)一般在词尾加’s，如：theboy’sbag,men’srooms等。(2)以s结尾的词直接加’，如：theworkers’struggle，thestudents’readingroom等。(3)并列名词表示各自所属时，在名词后都加’s，如：John’sandMary’srooms(约翰和玛丽各自的房间)；表示共同所属时，在最后一个名词后加’s，如：JohnandMary’sroom(约翰和玛丽共同的房间)。(4)在表示店铺、餐馆、诊所的名称或某人的家时，其所有格后面的名词可省略，如：atthedoctor’s在诊所，atmysister’s在我姐姐(妹妹)的家。2.of所有格的用法用于无生命的东西thelegsofthechair,thecoverofthebook用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时theclassroomsofthefirst-yearstudents用于名词化的词thestruggleoftheoppressed考点4名词作定语1.名词作定语时一般用单数，表示类别、处所、材料、身份、性别、功能、用途等。例如：stonefigures石像，papermoney纸币，bookstores书店，eveningdress晚礼服。2.有些情况下，也可用复数作定语。例如：agoodstrain货运列车，twomendoctors两个男医生，aclothesshop服装店，asalesmanager销售经理。3.“数字＋连字符＋名词”作定语时，名词一般用单数形式。例如：afive-yearplan一个五年计划，aten-milewalk一段十英里的路程。考点5名词与固定搭配名词构成的固定搭配主要有两类：“动词＋名词”和“介词＋名词”。常见短语如下：makepreparationsfor,makefriendswith,giveregardsto,makebothendsmeet,fixone’seyesupon/on,ingreatdemand，inhighspirits，inagreementwith，payattentionto，keeppacewith，attachimportanceto，gain/haveanadvantageover，makea/no/somedifference2.代词：考点1人称代词；物主代词；反身代词人称单复数主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfItItItsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves考点2指示代词this,that,these,those,such,some疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as不定代词普通不定代词one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/alittle,other/another,all/both,neither/either复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,everyone,noone/none,someone,anyone相互代词eachother,oneanother考点3常见代词用法比较1.each,both,all,either,any,neither,none用法辨析全体都each两者及以上每一与not连用表部分否定both两者全都all三者及以上全都全体中任一either两者任一与not连用表全部否定any三者及以上任一全体都不neither两者都不表全部否定none三者及以上都不2.one,it,that,those用法辨析one泛指同类事物替代单数可数名词，复数为ones。it特指同一事物替代单数可数名词，也可指代前面整个句子内容。that特指同类事物替代单数可数名词，同theone，或替代不可数名词，后接of。those特指同类事物替代复数可数名词，同theones，后接定语或接of结构。3.other,another,others用法辨析other(两者之中)另一个或(三者以上)其余。one...theother表“两者中一个……另一个……”；还用于(数词＋)other＋名词。another作形容词，后接单数名词，表“另一，又一”；还用于another＋数词＋复数名词。others表泛指，theothers指“剩余全部”，常见形式some...(the)others。4.many,much,some,any,little,few用法辨析许多many修饰名词复数，谓语用复数。much修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数；作副词修饰比较级。一些some修饰名词，常用于肯定句中。与复数名词或不可数名词连用，表“一些”；修饰单数名词，表“某一”；作副词，用于数词前，表“大约”。any修饰名词，用于否定句和疑问句中，与不可数名词或复数名词连用；用于肯定句中时，修饰单数名词，表“任一”；作副词修饰比较级。少量(a)little修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数；作副词修饰比较级；notalittle表“非常，很”，而notabit表示“一点也不”。(a)few修饰名词复数，谓语用复数。考点4it的用法非人称代词It’squitehothereinsummer,isn’tit?It’searlymidnightnow.We’dbettergotobed.It’saboutanhour’sdrivefromheretoNanchang.指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等形式成分形式主语Itisdifficulttounderstandwhyshebarkseveryminutesheisoutside.真正的主语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当形式宾语Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.真正的宾语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当强调句型Itwasunderthebedthatmybrotherhidtheballthismorning.ItisMrBellwho/thatoftencomesandlooksaftertheoldman.指人时可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that冠词1：考点梳理定冠词与不定冠词的区别；不定冠词a，an的区别；零冠词的使用；常见搭配中的冠词；特指与泛指时冠词的使用。2：考点详解考点1不定冠词a(n)1.用于泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。ThevillagewhereIwasbornhasgrownintoatown.2.用于第一次提到或出现的名词前，表泛指，不特别指明具体情况。Thereisacuponthedesk,butthecupisn’tmine.3.用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。Ihavethreebooks,andIwanttobuyafourthone.4.用于形容词的比较级前，表示“一个更……的”。Ifwesitnearthefrontofthebus,we’llhaveabetterview.5.用于姓名、星期名称前，表示“某个名叫……的人，一个跟某人相仿的人，某人的作品、发明”或“某个星期几”。ExpertsthinkthattherecentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybeaPicasso.专家们认为这幅新发现的油画或许是毕加索的画作。6.用于表示价格、速度、比率等的名词前表示“每一”。Heworkseighthoursaday.7.用于物质名词或抽象名词具体化时。这类名词仅表示概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加冠词。但如果表示具体的人或事，特别是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面要加不定冠词。具有此用法的名词有：success,failure,surprise,pleasure,beauty,pity,danger,comfort,honour等。surprise惊奇→asurprise一件意想不到/令人惊奇的事failure失败→afailure一个失败的人；一件失败的事success成功→asuccess一个成功的人；一件成功的事rain雨→aheavyrain一场大雨注意：常考的不可数名词有：baggage,luggage,furniture,health,weather,fun,space(太空),advice,word(消息),progress,information,news,equipment,wealth等。这些不可数名词一般不与不定冠词连用。考点2定冠词the表示某一类人或物 Thehorseisausefulanimal.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?用于乐器前面 playtheviolin,playtheguitar用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 therich,theliving,thewounded表示“一家人”或“夫妇” theGreens,theWangs用于序数词或形容词、副词比较级、最高级前 Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.用于国家、党派等以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛的名词前 theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theWestLake用于表示发明物的单数名词前 ThecompasswasinventedinChina.在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代 inthe1990s用于表示单位的名词前 Ihiredthecarbythehour.用于方位名词、身体部位名词以及表示时间的词组前 Hepattedmeontheshoulder.考点3零冠词1.不含普通名词的专有名词或表示泛指的抽象名词、物质名词、复数名词或不可数名词前通常不加冠词。Rockclimbingisofgreatfun.Youwillgetclosetonatureandtakeadventuresatthesametime.2.表示季节、月份、星期、节日、学科、语言、球类、棋类以及三餐等的名词前，常用零冠词。Hehadnothingforbreakfastthismorning.Springcomesafterwinter.3.表示独一无二的职位、职务、头衔的名词在句中作表语、补足语、同位语时，其前通常不加冠词。Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.4.在“单数可数名词＋as/though”引导的让步状语从句中，单数可数名词前不加冠词。Goodchoiceas/thoughitmaybe,hehasdecidedtogiveitup.5.turn意为“变为，成为”时，后面作表语的单数可数名词前不用冠词。但是become意为“变为，成为”时，后面作表语的单数名词前加不定冠词。Hisdreamistoturnlawyerwhilehissister’sistobecomeadancer.6.名词前已有this,that,my,your,some,each,no,any等指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格时，其前不加冠词。Iwantthatbookaboutcars.考点4固定搭配1：allofasudden突然;asamatteroffact事实上;onceaweek每周一次;ataloss不知所措,茫然;beonavisit参观,拜访;be/goonadiet节食;givesb.alift让某人搭便车;haveagiftfor...在……方面有天赋;haveagoodtime玩得开心;haveawordwith...与……谈话;inahurry匆忙地;inaway从某种意义上说;makealiving谋生;takeawalk散步;takeaninterestin...对……感兴趣;take/havearest休息一会儿;acoupleof两三个;abit一点;onceuponatime从前;manyatime许多次2：atthemoment此刻,目前;atthesametime同时;bytheway顺便说一下;onthespot当场;makethebest/mostof...充分利用……;inthedistance在远处;intheend最终;inthehabitof有……的习惯;theotherday前几天;ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand...一方面……,另一方面……;tothepoint中肯,切题3：infact事实上;forexample例如;indanger在危险中;withpleasure高兴地;intime及时;infear恐惧地;atwork在上班;atdinner在吃饭;afterschool放学后;atfirst起初;atlast最终;byhand手工做的;payattentionto注意;setfireto放火;takepridein以……为豪;takecareof照顾;takeoffice就职;takepartin参加;intown在城里;keep...inmind牢记;introuble处在麻烦中;onfoot步行;leaveword留言;ontime按时;catchsightof看见;doharmto对……有害;loseweight减肥二、介词 1.思维导图 2.高考真题再现2022-2018年高考真题1.（2022年新高考1卷）Giantpandasalsoserve___64___anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.2.（2022全国甲卷）Heflew4,700kilometers___69___Xi’antoKashgaronSept.20,planningtohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.3.（2022全国乙卷）May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially___61___theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）Itwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecity

2

theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored（修复）.5.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Dueto

thegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

6

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.6.（2021.1浙江卷语法填空）Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased

5

2.1inwomenandmen.7.（2021.6浙江卷语法填空）In1844theyboughtit

2

＄1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser...8.（2020·新课标=2\*ROMANII卷语法填空）Oranges:Orangetreesaremore64decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.9.（2020·新课标=3\*ROMANIII卷语法填空）Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist70．earth,MotherNature.10.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Museumsmustcompete45people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.11.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）Sometimeafter10，000BC，peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived56．，throughagriculture.56．12.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Modemmethods___63___trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensivetoperform(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.13.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack___63___dogs，seventobeexact.14.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer___61___thisquestionisnotclear.15.【2018·新课标III卷·语法填空】Iwassearching___67___thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving. 3.模拟检测1.（2022·广东广州·一模）ForLucy,nothingbeatstraveling,whichshedescribed______59______herfavoritepartofbeingalive.2.（2022·新疆·布尔津县高级中学一模）Studieshaveshownthatstudentswhousehandwritingtotakenotesinclassrememberinformationbetter—improvingtheirscores____7____asmuchas15percent.3.（2022·陕西省榆林中学二模）____23____otherwords,just“lieflat”.4.（2022·重庆·一模）ItbeganonJanuary19andfinished___56___theearlymorningofJanuary20.5.（2021·诸暨市5月模拟·语法填空·T5）Scientistssaythatanother26.5trillionpoundswillbeproducedworldwide___5___2050.6.（2021·成都三诊·语法填空·T8）Aftertakingmypulse,lookingatmytongue,andaskingafewquestions___8___mydietandlifestyle,theacupuncturistcorrectlyreasonedthatIwasworn-out.7.（2021•珠海市二模•语法填空•T9）Analysisofelementsintherelicsindicatessourcessimilar____9____thoseofotherculturesalongtheYangtzeRiver.8.（2021•肇庆市三模•语法填空•T2）Changestowaterresourcescanhaveabigimpact____2____people'slives.9.（2021•玉林市一模•语法填空•T10）“AccusingtheBritish____10____havingnosenseofhumorisliketellingRolls-Roycethatitscarsaredown-market.”10.（2021•永春县第三次联考•语法填空•T7）“Tu’swinningtheprizesignifiesChina’sprosperityandprogressinscientificandtechnologicalfield,marksagreatcontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicine____7____thecauseofhumanhealthandshowsChina’sgrowingstrengthsandrisinginternationalstanding,”PremierLiKeqiangsaidinacongratulatoryletteronMondayevening.11.【辽宁省辽阳市2021届高三模拟】It'snotactuallyjustforgrandparents,butit'salsotogivegrandparentsanopportunitytoshowlove______theirchildren'schildren.12.【辽宁省辽西地区2021届高三大联考】Weusebicyclestodayforrecreation,fitnessandsoon.______thebicycle,muchoftheworldmightstopworking!13.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】Theridelastsseveralminutes.Ittravelsfromthesecurityareatotheboardinggate______aspeedof3.5kilometersperhour.14.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Thisresultsintheaccidentalentry______foreignobjects.15.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】In1995,Dr.MadanKatariacalledonagroupofstudentsinaparktotestwhetheraddingregularlaughtertopeople’sliveswouldimprovetheirwell-being,Katariaalsointroduceddeepbreathingandsimpleyogamoves______theexercises.16.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】Iwasremarkablehowacommunitylostsomuchandwasstillabletorecover,andthisleftthedeepestimpression______thestudents.17.【湖北省宜昌市2021届高三联考】AtopofficialtoldXinhua.“______(give)thedifficultiesexperiencedthisyear,theprogressbeingmadebyBeijing2022hasbeenunusual.18.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】Itbegan______asportenjoyedmainlybyveryrichpeople.19.【湖北省孝感高级中学2021届高三调研】Sotryingtobuildcloseconnections______afewpeopleshouldbeapriority(优先考虑的事情).20.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2021届高三质检】Xiong,avisuallydisabledyoungwomanwhostartedlearningthepianoattheageof6,saidheridolwasBeethoven,whowentcompletelydeaflaterandtheirphysicalchallengesledbothofthemtoestablishaconnectionwiththeoutsideworld______music.21.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三四调】Followinghisrecentrisetofame,Rizeahasbeenaskedbymanycities,includingthecapitalofRomaniatotransformtheiroldtreetrunks______worksofart.22.【广东省华南师大附中2021届高三调研】Ifawomanis______40,orevenifsheis80,herbirthdayisalwaysthe39th.Ifsheisinherthirties,herbirthdaywillbethe29th.23.【广东省华南师大附中2021届高三调研】Andinhertwenties,it’sthe19th.Theyusuallyhavetheir“real”birthdaywhentheyare______20.24.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】Whenwelookup______thenightsky,weseestars,thetwinkleofamovingsatelliteandoccasionallyadistantplanet.25.【福建省福州一中2021届高三调研】Elephantsarenotfansofstrangers.However,Chenandhiscolleaguescantakeonlythreedays______everymonth. 4.考试技巧【介词的关键技法点拨】“四种方法”确定介词(1)根据介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系;(2)根据语境含义结合介词用法;(3)根据特殊的结构关系,如接复合宾语就只能用with或without;(4)根据介词与动词、形容词、名词等的搭配。 5.知识点拓展一、表示“时间”的介词1.at,on,in(1)

at表示“在某一时刻，某一时点”。如： Igetupat6:00everyday.

我每天6点起床。注：atdaybreak在黎明 atnoon在中午 atnight在夜间 atChristmas在圣诞节期间 attheageoffive在五岁时(2)

on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。如： Iheardashoton(themorningof)

March18.

三月十八日(早晨)

我听到一声枪响。 Wedon’thaveclassesonSunday.

星期天我们不上课。(3)

in表示“在某世纪、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。如： inthe20thcentury在20世纪 in1999在1999年 inwinter在冬季 inSeptember在九月 inthemorning/afternoon/evening

在上午/下午/晚上【巧学妙记】 at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连，黎明、终止和开端，at与之紧接着相伴。 周月季年长时间，in须放在其前面，泛指一晌和傍晚，也要放在in后边。 on指特定某一天，日期、星期和节日前某天上下和夜晚，依然要在on后站。 今明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前，at、in、on都不用，此乃习惯记心间。 注：“上下这那每之前”是指“last/next/this/that/every”之前。2.for,during,through(1)

for后接“一段时间”，表示某事持续多久，多与完成时连用。如： Shehasbeenillforseveraldays.

她已经病了几天了。(2)

during表示“在……期间”。如： IwenttoFrancefortwoweeksduringthesummer.

夏天我去了法国两个星期。(3)

through表示“一直……，自始至终”。如： Theyworkedhardthroughthewinter.

整个冬天他们都在努力工作。3.from,since(1)

from表示“时间的起点”，可译作“从……”，多用于“from…to/till…”中。如： YoucancomeanytimefromMondaytoFriday.

周一至周五你什么时间来都行。(2)

since表示“自从……以来（直到现在）”。如： Wehaveknowneachothersincetenyearsago.

我们十年前就认识了。注意： for和since都常与完成时连用，但for接时间段，since接时间点。如: fortwohours（持续）两小时 sincelastweek从上周直到现在4.before,by,till,until(1)

before指“在……之前”，与after相对。如： Pleasecomebeforeteno’clock.

请10点以前来。(2)

by指“不迟于，到……时为止，在……以前”。如： Wehadlearnedover1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.

到上学期末为止，我们已经学了1000多个单词了。 Wewillhavelearned2000Englishwordsbytheendofthisterm.

到本学期结束前，我们将学了两千英语单词了。注：by后接过去时间，常与过去完成时连用；by后接将来时间，常与将来完成时连用。(3)

till(until)

“直到……为止”。在肯定句中，till/until必须与延续动词连用；在否定句中，till/until常与非延续性动词连用。如 Ididn’tgotobeduntil12o’clock.

直到12点我才睡。 Youmustwaitforhimtilltomorrow.

你必须一直等到他明天。5.after,in,within(1)

in和after都可表示“在……之后”，但用法不同：a.用in时要具备两个条件：用于将来时；后接时间段 I’llarriveinanhour.

我一小时后到达。b.after既可用于将来时，也可用于过去时 Hegotacanceranddiedafterayear.

他患了癌症，一年后去世了。 Themeetingwillendafter3:00pm.

会议将在下午三点后结束。(2)

within“在……时间之内”。强调事情发生的全过程不超出某一时间，没有时态的限制。如： Icanfinishitwithinanhour.

我不需一小时就可把它做完。二、表示“地点、方位”的介词1.at,on,to,in at表示在小地方;在……附近，旁边 in表示在大地方;在……围之内 on表示毗邻，接壤 to表示在„„范围外，不强调是否接壤 Hearrivedatthestationatten. Heissittingatthedesk. HearrivedinShanghaiyesterday. JiangsuliesintheeastofChina. RussialiveonthenorthofChina. FujianistothesouthofJiangsuProvince.2.above,over,on above指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对； over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触； on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead. Thereisabridgeovertheriver. Heputhiswatchonthedesk.3.along,through,across(1)

across

和

through

都可表示“横过”或“穿过”，前者主要表示从某物的表面“横过”，涉及“面”的概念；而后者则表示从某个空间“穿过”，涉及“体”的概念。如： Hewalkedacrosstheroadcarefully.

他小心地走过马路。 Hewalkedthroughtheforestalone.

他独自一人走过森林。有时

across

表示“横过”也可在“体”内进行，但此时它仍与through

有差别：前者表示从某个“体”的一端到另一端，而后者表示穿过两端。如： Hewalkedacrossthehall.

他从大厅的一端走到另一端。 Hewalkedthroughthehall.

他穿过大厅。(2)along

表示“沿着”，通常用于狭长的东西。如： Isawhimrunningalongtheroad.

我看见他沿着这条路跑。4.between,among between一般指“两者之间” among用于三个或三个以上的人或物之中，或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在……中间”。如： Betweenthedoorandthewindowsthereisamap.门和窗户的中间有一张地图。 Theyhidthemselvesamongthetrees.他们躲在树林中。三、其他介词1.表示“工具或手段”的介词by,with,on（1）by用某种方式,多用于交通。 bybus乘公共汽车, bye-mail.通过电子邮件。注意:表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词。请比较: Iwenttherebybus/inabus.我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。（2）with表示“用某种工具”。如: Hebrokethewindowwithastone.他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。注意:with表示用某种工具时,必须用冠词或物主代词。（3）on表示“以……方式”,多用于固定词组。 Theytalkedonthetelephone.他们通过电话进行交谈。 ShelearnsEnglishontheradio/ontv.她通过收音机/电视学英语。2.表示关于的介词of,about,on(1)of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。如: Hespokeofthefilmtheotherday.他前几天提到了这部影片。(2)about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。如: Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?(3)on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。如: It’satextbookonthehistoryofchina.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。3.表原因或理由的介词for,at,from,of,with,by,becauseof(1)for表示原因,常与sorry,famous,punish,praise,thank,blame等词连用。如: Iamsorryforwhatisaidtoyou.我后悔不该对你讲那些话。(2)at指情感变化的原因,意为“因听到或看到而……”。如: Hewassurprisedatthenews.听到这消息他大吃一惊。(3)from指“外在的原因”,如受伤、车祸等。如: Hediedfromthewound.他因受伤而致死。(4)of指“内在的原因”,如病、饿等。如: Theoldmandiedofhunger.老人死于饥饿。(5)with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。如: Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.他们听到这个消息,欣喜若狂。(6)by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。 Herbody