2024年高考精准预测卷04（新高考九省卷）-英语（全解全析版）

2024年高考精准预测卷04【新高考九省卷】英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Professorandstudent. B．Colleagues. C．Motherandson.【答案】B【原文】M:Ihavetogooutoftownonafamilyemergency.Canyoucovermyreadingclasstomorrow?W:Sure,butIneedtoreadyourteachingplanfirst.Ihopeyouremergencyworksoutfluently.M:Thanks.Mymother’sinhospital,andit’smyturntotakecareofherthisweek.2．Howmuchdoesthecakecost?A．$2. B．$3.5. C．$5.5.【答案】B【原文】M:Iwilltakealargeicedcoffee,please.W:It’stwodollars.M:Oh,I’dalsolikeoneblueberrycake.W:Sure,yourtotalisfivedollarsandfiftycents.Iwillhaveyourcoffeereadyinaminute.3．Whydidthewomanfeelunhappyabouthernewclass?A．Shewaslonelythere.B．Theteacherwastoostrict.C．Theclassroomwastoocrowded.【答案】A【原文】M:Hi,Olivia!Howwasthefirstdayinyournewclass?W:Ididn’tenjoyitatall.Ididn’tknowanyone.M:Don’tworry—you’llsoonmakefriends.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．WhatmakesJeffaperfectteacher.B．WhyJeffseldomlosestemper.C．HowJeffgiveslessons.【答案】A【原文】W:Jeffisaperfectelementaryschoolteacher.Hehasgoodskillsofteachingandisveryknowledgeable.Whatmostimportantis,heseldomlosestemper.M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Henevergetsangrywiththosekids,evenwhenthey’renotlisteningtohim.That’swhytheylikehimsomuch.5．Whywon’tJohngototheparty?A．Heisnotinvited.B．Hewillvisitafriend.C．Hehastoworkovertime.【答案】C【原文】W:Hey,John.AreyougoingtoLucy’spartythisweekend?Allofourfriendswillbethere.M:Ireallywantto.ButI’mscheduledtoworkonSaturdaynight.I’llbesuretogotothenextpartysheinvitesmeto.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Wherearethespeakers?A．InJanice’sapartment. B．Inamovietheater. C．Inabookstore.7．WhatdoweknowaboutJanice?A．Sheishopefulaboutherfuture.B．Shehasn’tfinishedhernovel.C．Shehasbeenrejectedbytenpublishers.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:HeyJanice,Ihaven’tseenyouforagessinceyoumovedoutoftheapartment.Fancymeetingyouhereinthecinema.How’severythinggoing?W:Notbad.IthinkIhavealmostachievedmydream.M:Whatdoyoumeanbyalmost?W:I’vefinishedmynovelandI’vesubmittedittotenpublishers.Ibelievegoodluckwilleuponmesoon.M:That’sgreattohear.I’llkeepmyfingerscrossedforyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whendoesthewomanprobablygetuponworkingdays?A．At6:00a.m. B．At7:10a.m. C．At8:20a.m.9．Whatdoesthewomanusuallyhaveforlunchonworkingdays?A．Mushroomsortomatoes. B．Baconoreggs. C．Saladorsandwiches.10．Whoisinchargeofeveningmealsonworkingdays?A．Thewoman’shusband. B．Thewoman’sfather. C．Thewoman.【答案】8．B9．C10．C【原文】M:Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourtypicalworkingday?W:Sure.Igetupbetween7a.m.and7:20a.m.,mydadmakesaprettygoodbreakfastformyhusbandandmeeveryday.M:Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforaprettygoodbreakfast?W:Wehavemushrooms,tomatoes,baconandeggs.Afterbreakfast,Iwalktomyofficeandbeginworkat9a.m.atnoon.Ireturnhomeforlunchpreparedbymyhusband,typicallysandwichesorsalad.Ithencontinueworkingfrom2p.m.to5p.m..ThenIehomeagain,makesupperandthengotobedafterthemeal.That’sit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．Wherewillthespeakersliveonthetrip?A．Inawoodhouse. B．Inahotel. C．Inatent.12．WhatwillPaulatakeforthetriptothemountains?A．Bedding. B．Somefood. C．Cleaningitems.13．Whatisthespeakers’attitudetothetrip?A．Expectant. B．Hesitant. C．Critical.【答案】11．A12．B13．A【原文】W:Hi,Sam.M:Oh,hello,Paula.I’mjustcallingtoseeifyouwanttoewithusonatriptothemountains?W:Soundslikefun!Whenareyougoing?M:Nextweekend.We’regettingtherebybus.You’llneedtotakesomethingtoeat.W:DoIhavetotakemytent?M:No.Actually,we’llliveinawoodhouseonthefarminsteadofstayinginahotelandthemountains,wheretheownerwillprovideeverythingnecessary,includingbeddingandcleaningitems,likeyourtoothbrushandtowel.W:Cool.Whoelse?M:AnnaandDavid.Sotherewillbefourofusifyoue.We’llclimbandexplorethemountains,enjoyingthesceneryandexercisingourwholebodiesalongtheway.Andthehouseisbigenoughforustohaveabarbecueintheevening.I’mreallylookingforwardtothetrip.W:Fantastic!Metoo.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheman’svisit?A．Tohavefurtherstudy. B．Toattendaconference. C．Tobuynewproducts.15．WhenwillthemanleavetheU.S?A．OnApril19th. B．OnApril21st. C．OnApril27th.16．Wheredidthemanfinishhiscollege?A．InChicago. B．InBeijing. C．InPennsylvania.17．Whatisprobablytheman?A．Afinancialmanager. B．Acustomsofficer. C．Aputerengineer.【答案】14．B15．C16．C17．A【原文】W:MayIseeyourpassportplease?M:Hereitis.W:WhatdoyouvisittheUnitedStatesfor,Mr.Lee?M:IamgoingtoattendatradeconferencehereinChicagofromApril19thto21st.W:HowlongwillyoubestayingintheU.S?M:For10days.I’llflybacktoBeijingonApril27th.W:Willyoudoanytravelingduringyourstayhere?M:Yes,IwillflytoPennsylvaniarightaftertheconference.IfinishedmycollegethereandIwanttovisitsomeofmyprofessors.Ihaven’tseenthemsinceIwentbacktoBeijing.W:Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare?M:I’dliketodeclaretwolaptops.W:Areyouaputerengineer?M:No.MypanymakeslaptopsandIamresponsibleforfinancing.Theseareourlatestproducts.W:Allright,Mr.Lee.Youaregoodtogo.ThankyouforyourcooperationandenjoyyourtripintheU.S.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．Howmanywoodentrainsetsaremadeeachmonth?A．About1,000. B．About2,000. C．About4,000.19．Whydotheyhaveabout1,000boxesinstock?A．Ordersarechangeable. B．Thespaceislimited. C．Itcansavecosts.20．Whatisthedatetoday?A．November2nd. B．November3rd. C．November10th.【答案】18．C19．A20．A【原文】Well,thenextproductIwanttomoveontoischildren’stoy.Inthispartofbuilding,wemanufactureseveraldifferentwoodentoys.Butthegreatestdemandisforourtrainsets.Thesearemadeupoftenpiecesandeachpieceisadifferentcolor.It’satoyfortheunderfivesanditsellswell.Wemanufacture1.000oftheseeveryweek.Overhere,weputallthetoysintoboxes.Becausethisisaproductforyoungchildren,everythinghastobeverycarefullycheckedinadvance.Sotheaveragetimeittakesforpackagingis5minutesperbox.Wesupplyalotoflargedepartmentstoresthroughoutthecountry.Ordersarenotconstant,butgoupanddowndependingonwhattimeoftheyearitis.Sowetrytokeepabout1,000boxesinstorageatanytime.That’sthenumberthatwehaveatthemomentanyway.AsIsaid,wedeliverourchildren’stoystostoresaroundthecountry.Outside,we’rejustloadingupthelorrieswhicharegoingtosetofftomorrow.That’sNovember3rd.thentherewon’tbeanothershipmentuntil10th,November.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANeverclimbedbefore?Itdoesn’tmatter!BouldersIndoorClimbingCentreisafantasticoutingforthewholefamilythat’sguaranteedtopackyourdaywithfunandadventure!Noexperienceisnecessary.Undertheguidanceofqualifiedinstructors,youwillstepoutsideofyourfortzoneinasafeandcontrolledenvironment.Allequipmentisprovided—justbringyourspiritofadventureandyourwillingnesstochallengeyourself!Bouldersspecializesinintroducingpeopleofallabilitiesintothisvertical(垂直的)worldinafun,safeandinclusiveway!Withclimbingwallsthatreachbetween4to12metresinheight,Boulders,whosetaskistoteachyoualltheskillsrequiredtoclimbsafely,isdesignedtotrainthebravestexplorer.Youwilllearnhowtomovearoundtheclimbingwallinasafemanner,andhowtodifferentiate(区分)betweengradesandvarietiesoftechniques.There’sevenacafeonsitewithfreeWiFi,sosendthechildrentoclimbandcheckinwiththeofficewhileyou’reenjoyingaskinnylatte!Bouldersoffersawiderangeofclimbingactivities,including:Climbingclassesforchildren,families,studentsandadultsBirthdaypartiesforallagesChildren’sholidayactivitiesSoftplayforchildren7yearsoldandunderClimbingIntroductioncoursesOpeninghours:Mon.—Fri.10:00—22:00Sat.—Sun.10:00—18:00Price:Adults£15Child£10Familypass:£38Upto4persons.Thepriceincludesentrytothewallafterthesession,registrationfeeandshoehire.Rentalshoes&chalkincluded.21．Whoarethepotentialcustomersoftheclimbingcenter?A．Qualifiedinstructors. B．Childreninterestedinclimbingindoors.C．Experiencedclimbers. D．Peopleaddictedtoclimbingoutdoors.22．WhatistheaimforBouldersaccordingtothetext?A．Toinstructtheloverstogainskillsofclimbingsafely.B．Tohelpinstructorstoenjoythespiritofadventure.C．Toguaranteetheclimbersoutoftheirfortzones.D．Toequiplearnerswithabilitiestodesignclimbingwalls.23．Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildpayforentryandrentalshoesatleast?A．£40. B．£25. C．£35. D．£38.【答案】21．B22．A23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了巨石室内攀岩中心的相关信息。21．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“BouldersIndoorClimbingCentreisafantasticoutingforthewholefamilythat’sguaranteedtopackyourdaywithfunandadventure!(巨石室内攀岩中心是全家的绝佳之旅，保证你的一天充满乐趣和冒险！)”可知，这是一所室内攀岩中心，适合家庭活动，由此可推测出，该中心的潜在顾客包括对室内攀岩有兴趣的孩子。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Withclimbingwallsthatreachbetween4to12metresinheight,Boulders,whosetaskistoteachyoualltheskillsrequiredtoclimbsafely,isdesignedtotrainthebravestexplorer.(巨石的攀岩墙高达4至12米，其任务是教你安全攀登所需的所有技能，旨在训练最勇敢的探险家。)”可知，巨石室内攀岩中心的任务是教攀岩爱好者安全攀登所需的所有技能。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据文章的“Price:Adults£15Child£10(价格：成人£15儿童£10)”“Familypass:£38Upto4persons.(家庭通行证：38英镑最多4人。)”和“Thepriceincludesentrytothewallafterthesession,registrationfeeandshoehire.(价格包括课后攀墙入场费、注册费和鞋子租赁费。)”可知，一对夫妇加一个孩子不超过4人，购买入场费和鞋子租赁费时，如果单独付款，则为15×2+10=40英镑，如果购买家庭通行证，则总共需花费38英镑。由此可知，他们至少花费为38英镑。故选D。BIstartedcollectingshoppinglistsaround1997.Oneday,Iwasshoppingformydaughter’sbirthdaypartyinStLouis,Missouri,wherewelived.Afterleavingthestore,Icameacrossayellownoteintheparkinglot.Ipickeditupanditwassomebody’sshoppinglist.Ithought,“That’sinteresting.Well,wheneverIseeone,Iwillkeepit.”Peoplecollectallsortsofthingsyouwouldneverexpect.It’sasifalltheseseparate,unimportantthings,whenputtogetherasacollection,suddenlybeerevealing.ThefirstlistIfoundwasnothingspecial.Butafteryouseealotofthem,theweirdonesstickout.OneIfoundisalonglistofstuffandthen,inthemargin(空白处),someonehadwritten:“Ifyoubuyanymorerice,I’llpunchyou.”Anotheronesaysatthebottom:“NOMORECHIPS,JESSICA”.Theshoppinglistprojectstartedslowly.Atfirst,itwasjustmeandpeopleIknewwhowouldsavelistsforme.Then,atthebeginningofthe2000s,Iputitonline.Atthatpoint,blogsweregoingmainstream.Ihadpeoplemessagingme,saying,“Iworkatagrocerystoreandhavemyownlittlecollection,butIamnotgoingtodoanythingwiththem.Doyouwantthem?”SoIstartedreceivinglistsfromeverywhereintheworld.Itseemedtherewasaneverendingsupply.Atfirst,Ikeptmylistsinanenvelope.Then,asthecollectiongrew,theywenttoagrocerybag,acardboardboxandfinallyalargeplasticstoragebin.In2012,Iwasapproachedbyapublisherwhowantedtoturnmycollectionintoabook.ThenIstartedgoingthroughallmylists,figuringoutwaystocategorizeandinterpretthem.Listscantellyouallsortsofthingsaboutaperson.Someofthemareorganizedanddividelistsintosections—fruit,vegetables,dairy.Mostofthemarenot.Someareonabudget.Theprojectiscontinuing,butitgrowsmoreslowlynow.Peoplecan’thelppeekingintothesecretlivesofothers,buttechnologyhasmadeshoppinglistsmoreprivate.Mostpeopleuseapps,likeIdo.Iguesstheremightnotbeanotherbook.24．Howdidtheauthorstartcollectingshoppinglists?A．Itwasbychance. B．Itwasoutofinterest.C．Itwasforhisdaughter’sbirthday. D．Itwasinspiredbyashoppingexperience.25．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sshoppinglistproject?A．Itwoninstantfame. B．Itgotworldwidesupport.C．Ithelpedsolvefamilyconflict. D．Itwasfundedbyagrocerystore.26．Whydidtheauthorgothroughhiscollectionin2012?A．Tosaveroomformorelists. B．Tomakepreparationsforabook.C．Todigoutstoriesbehindeachlist. D．Topickoutsomelistsforapublisher.27．Howisthetextdeveloped?A．Bygivingvividexamples. B．Byshowingrelevantfacts.C．Byfollowingthetimeorder. D．Byexplainingvariousideas.【答案】24．A25．B26．B27．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的“购物清单收藏史”。一次偶然的机遇，作者捡到了一张购物清单，出于兴趣，开始了自己的收藏。从开始时的缓慢推进，到收到世界各地的购物清单，到可以出版成书，再到现如今缓慢发展，作者的收藏将看起来不重要的东西汇集成有意义的东西。24．推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Oneday,Iwasshoppingformydaughter’sbirthdaypartyinStLouis,Missouri,wherewelived.Afterleavingthestore,Icameacrossayellownoteintheparkinglot.Ipickeditupanditwassomebody’sshoppinglist.Ithought,‘That’sinteresting.Well,wheneverIseeone,Iwillkeepit.’(有一天，我在密苏里州圣路易斯为女儿的生日派对购物，我们就住在那里。离开商店后，我在停车场看到一张黄色的纸条。我捡起它，它是某人的购物清单。我想，“这很有趣。好吧，每当我看到一个，我都会保留它。”)”可知，作者偶然间捡到了一张购物清单，发现很有趣，于是开始了自己的“购物清单收藏之旅”。由此推知，是一个偶然的机会让作者开始收藏购物清单。故选A项。25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“SoIstartedreceivinglistsfromeverywhereintheworld.(所以我开始收到来自世界各地的购物清单。)”可知，作者的收藏得到了世界各地的支持，收到了来自世界各地的购物清单。故选B项。26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“In2012,Iwasapproachedbyapublisherwhowantedtoturnmycollectionintoabook.ThenIstartedgoingthroughallmylists,figuringoutwaystocategorizeandinterpretthem.(2012年，一位出版商找我，想把我的收藏变成一本书。然后我开始浏览我所有的购物清单，找出分类和解释它们的方法。)”可知，一位出版商想把作者的收藏变成一本书，因此作者开始浏览所有的购物清单为此做准备。故选B项。27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“Istartedcollectingshoppinglistsaround1997.(我大约在1997年开始收藏购物清单。)”，第三段内容“Then,atthebeginningofthe2000s,Iputitonline.(然后，在21世纪初，我把它放到了网上。)”，第五段内容“In2012,Iwasapproachedbyapublisherwhowantedtoturnmycollectionintoabook.(2012年，一位出版商找我，想把我的收藏变成一本书。)”以及末尾段内容“Theprojectiscontinuing,butitgrowsmoreslowlynow.(这个项目还在继续，但现在发展得更慢了。)”可知，作者按照时间发展的顺序讲述自己的“收藏史”。由此推知，文章是按照时间发展顺序展开的。故选C项。CPersistentlyengaginginnegativethinkingpatternsmayraisetheriskofAlzheimer’sdisease,findsanewUCLledstudy.Inthestudyofpeopleagedover55,publishedinAlzheimer’s&Dementia,researchersfound‘repetitivenegativethinking’(RNT)islinkedtosubsequentcognitivedeclineaswellasthedeposition(沉积)ofharmfulbrainproteinslinkedtoAlzheimer’s.LeadauthorDrNatalieMarchant(UCLPsychiatry)said,“Depressionandanxietyinmidlifeandoldagearealreadyknowntoberiskfactorsfordementia(痴呆).Here,wefoundthatcertainthinkingpatternsinvolvedindepressionandanxietycouldbeanunderlyingreasonwhypeoplewiththosedisordersaremorelikelytodevelopdementia.”“Wehopethatourfindingscouldbeusedtodevelopstrategiestolowerpeople’sriskofdementiabyhelpingthemtoreducetheirnegativethinkingpatterns.”FortheAlzheimer’sSocietysupportedstudy,theresearchteamfromUCL,INSERMandMcGillUniversitystudied292peopleovertheageof55.Overaperiodoftwoyears,thestudyparticipantsrespondedtoquestionsabouthowtheytypicallythinkaboutnegativeexperiences,focusingonRNTpatternslikethoughtsaboutthepastandworryaboutthefuture.Theparticipantsalsopletedmeasuresofdepressionandanxietysymptoms.Theircognitivefunctionwasassessed,measuringmemory,attention,spatialcognition,andlanguage.TheresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoexhibitedhigherRNTpatternsexperiencedmorecognitivedeclineoverafouryearperiod,anddeclinesinmemory(whichisamongtheearliersignsofAlzheimer’sdisease).“Weproposethatrepetitivenegativethinkingmaybeanewriskfactorfordementiaasitcouldcontributetodementiainauniqueway,”saidDrMarchant.CoauthorDrGaelChételatmented,“Ourthoughtscanhaveabiologicalimpactonourphysicalhealth,whichmightbepositiveornegative.Mentaltrainingpracticessuchasmeditationmighthelppromotingpositivewhiledownregulatingnegativeassociatedmentalschemes.”“Lookingafteryourmentalhealthisimportant,anditshouldbeamajorpublichealthpriority,asit’snotonlyimportantforpeople’shealthandwellbeingintheshortterm,butitcouldalsoimpactyoureventualriskofdementia.”28．Whatisrepetitivenegativethinking(RNT)connectedto?A．Thinkingapproachimprovementinlateryears.B．Anxietydisorderswhichoccurinfemalessolely.C．Individualsofyoungerage,whichisturningintoatrend.D．Latercognitivedeclineandthedepositofharmfulbrainproteins.29．WhatcanwelearnaboutcertainthinkingpatternsaccordingtoDrNatalieMarchant?A．Theyhavenosubstantialimpactondementia.B．Theymightleadtopeoplegettingdementiaeasily.C．Theyarerelevantprimarilyinmidlife,notinoldage.D．Theyareprimarycontributorstodepressionandanxietydisorders.30．Whatweretheparticipantsaskedaboutinthestudy?A．Theirdailyroutinesandhabits.B．Theirfavoritepersonalexperiences.C．Theirtypicalthinkingaboutnegativeexperiences.D．Theirperspectivesonvariousmentalhealthpractices.31．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Controllingnegativeemotionsisbeneficialtohealth.B．Repetitivenegativepatternsincreasememoryinasense.C．Mentalhealthoftheelderlyalwaysgoesunnoticedinpublic.D．Constantlyengaginginthinkingleadstoone’sdementiaintime.【答案】28．D29．B30．C31．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述研究发现，长期沉浸在消极思维模式可能会增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inthestudyofpeopleagedover55,publishedinAlzheimer’s&Dementia,researchersfound‘repetitivenegativethinking’(RNT)islinkedtosubsequentcognitivedeclineaswellasthedeposition(沉积)ofharmfulbrainproteinslinkedtoAlzheimer’s.(发表在《阿尔茨海默病与痴呆症》杂志上的一项针对55岁以上人群的研究发现，“重复性消极思维”(RNT)与随后的认知能力下降以及与阿尔茨海默病相关的有害大脑蛋白质沉积有关)”可知，重复性消极思维(RNT)与后期认知能力下降和有害脑蛋白沉积有关。故选D项。29．细节理解题。根据第三段中DrNatalieMarchant的话“Here,wefoundthatcertainthinkingpatternsinvolvedindepressionandanxietycouldbeanunderlyingreasonwhypeoplewiththosedisordersaremorelikelytodevelopdementia.(在这里，我们发现与抑郁和焦虑有关的某些思维模式可能是患有这些疾病的人更容易患上痴呆症的潜在原因)”可知，根据NatalieMarchant博士的研究可知，某些思维模式可能会导致人们容易患上痴呆症。故选B项。30．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Overaperiodoftwoyears,thestudyparticipantsrespondedtoquestionsabouthowtheytypicallythinkaboutnegativeexperiences,focusingonRNTpatternslikethoughtsaboutthepastandworryaboutthefuture.(在两年的时间里，研究参与者回答了关于他们通常如何看待负面经历的问题，重点关注RNT模式，如对过去的思考和对未来的担忧)”可知，研究中，参与者被问及他们对负面经历的典型思维。故选C项。31．推理判断题。根据第一段中“PersistentlyengaginginnegativethinkingpatternsmayraisetheriskofAlzheimer’sdisease,findsanewUCLledstudy.(伦敦大学学院领导的一项新研究发现，长期运用消极思维模式可能会增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险)”、第三段中“Here,wefoundthatcertainthinkingpatternsinvolvedindepressionandanxietycouldbeanunderlyingreasonwhypeoplewiththosedisordersaremorelikelytodevelopdementia.(在这里，我们发现与抑郁和焦虑有关的某些思维模式可能是患有这些疾病的人更容易患上痴呆症的潜在原因)”和第八段中“Weproposethatrepetitivenegativethinkingmaybeanewriskfactorfordementiaasitcouldcontributetodementiainauniqueway,(我们认为，重复的消极思维可能是痴呆症的一个新的危险因素，因为它可能以一种独特的方式导致痴呆症)”可知，消极思维会增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险，对健康造成危害。由此推知，控制消极情绪有利于健康。故选A项。DThoughyoumaynotknowit,abouthalfabillionpeopleworldwidedependontheecosystemscreatedandsupportedbycorals.Andwithclimatechangethreateningtheirsurvival,marinescientistEnricSalahadanideathatmighthaveseemedimpossible.“Wewantedtogetintoatimemachine,gobackhundredsofyearsandactuallyseeacoralreefliketheyusedtobeeverywhere,beforewestartedexploiting(开发)them,pollutingthemandkillingthemallovertheworld,”Salasaid.Theideawas,inessence,madepossibleduringanexpeditionthatSalaledin2009.TheteamtraveledtoacorneroftheSouthPacificOcean,andfoundsomeuntouchedreefs.HisteampresentedtheirfindingstoofficialsintheislandcountryofKiribati.ThentheKiribatigovernmenttookstepstoprotectthewatersfromfishingandotherhumanactivities,butbetween2015and2016,recordlevelsofoceanwarmingkilledhalfthecoralreefstheteamhadfound.Afterhearingthatnews,theylosthopeforthehealthofcoralreefs.Butthestudycontinued,andlastyear,theywentinforanotherdive.Despitethereportedconditions,Salaandhisteamfoundthatthereefshadsomehowrestoredthemselves,filledwithlifeandcoloroncemore.Thisresurrection(复兴)issomethingthatSalasayscanbetracedtotwokeyfactors.Thefirstis,thankfully,halfofthecoralshadnotdied,aswaspreviouslythought.Despitetheriseintemperatures,therewereenoughsurvivingcoralsleftbehindtohelpreproducethereefs.ThesecondfactoristheKiribatigovernment’sdecisiontofullyprotectthosewaters.“Thereareabundantfishspecies.Theyeatallthealgaethatwouldsmother(窒息)thecorals,makingitpossibleforthecoralstoeback,”Salaexplained.“Soifsomecountrieswantafutureforthefisheries,theyneedtomanagetheirfisheriesinamoreresponsiblewayaroundareasthataresetasidetohelpregeneratetherestoftheocean,”Salasaid.Forhimandhisteam,therebirthofthecoralreefsinKiribatiisabeaconofhopeamongsomuchpessimism(悲观主义)surroundingthefutureofreefs.32．WhatdidEnricSalawanttodoaccordingtohiswordsinparagraph2?A．Studysomeuntouchedcoralreefs. B．Developtechnologyfortimetravel.C．Raiseawarenessaboutseaprotection. D．Restorecoralreefstotheiroriginalstate.33．Whatledtothedeathofhalfthecoralreefsbetween2015and2016?A．Habitatdestruction. B．Climatechange.C．Waterpollution. D．Biodiversityloss.34．WhichfactorhelpedthecoralreefsinKiribatirestorethemselves?A．Fallofoceantemperature. B．Introductionofnewfishspecies.C．Officialfundingforrestorationefforts. D．Sufficientsurvivingcoralsforreproduction.35．WhatisEnricSala’ssuggestiontosomecountries?A．Killingallthealgaeintheocean. B．Reducingdependenceonfisheries.C．Protectingtheoceanfromoverfishing. D．Strengtheningcooperationwithscientists.【答案】32．D33．B34．D35．C【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了海洋科学家EnricSala为保护恢复珊瑚礁所做的努力。32．推理判断题。根据第二段中Sala所说“Wewantedtogetintoatimemachine,gobackhundredsofyearsandactuallyseeacoralreefliketheyusedtobeeverywhere,beforewestartedexploiting(开发)them,pollutingthemandkillingthemallovertheworld(我们想进入一台时光机，回到几百年前，真正看到珊瑚礁，就像我们开始在世界各地开采、污染和杀害它们之前一样。)”可知，Sala想恢复珊瑚礁的原始状态。故选D项。33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThentheKiribatigovernmenttookstepstoprotectthewatersfromfishingandotherhumanactivities,butbetween2015and2016,recordlevelsofoceanwarmingkilledhalfthecoralreefstheteamhadfound.(然后基里巴斯政府采取措施保护水域不受捕鱼和其他人类活动的影响，但在2015年至2016年期间，创纪录的海洋变暖水平杀死了该团队发现的一半珊瑚礁。)”可知，2015年至2016年间，气候变化导致了一半珊瑚礁的死亡。故选B项。34．细节理解题。根据第六段“Thefirstis,thankfully,halfofthecoralshadnotdied,aswaspreviouslythought.Despitetheriseintemperatures,therewereenoughsurvivingcoralsleftbehindtohelpreproducethereefs.(首先，谢天谢地，一半的珊瑚没有像之前认为的那样死亡。尽管气温上升，但仍有足够的幸存珊瑚留下来帮助珊瑚礁繁殖。)”可知，有足够的幸存珊瑚进行繁殖可以帮助珊瑚礁恢复。故选D项。35．观点态度题。根据第七段中“Thereareabundantfishspecies.Theyeatallthealgaethatwouldsmother(窒息)thecorals,makingitpossibleforthecoralstoeback.(这里有丰富的鱼类。它们吃掉所有会使珊瑚窒息的藻类，使珊瑚有可能回来。)”和第八段中“Soifsomecountrieswantafutureforthefisheries,theyneedtomanagetheirfisheriesinamoreresponsiblewayaroundareasthataresetasidetohelpregeneratetherestoftheocean.(因此，如果一些国家想要渔业的未来，他们需要以更负责任的方式管理他们的渔业，这些渔业是为了帮助海洋的其他部分再生而留出的。)”可知，Sala建议一些国家保护海洋免受过度捕捞。故选C项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apickupgameisagameofsomekindthatisnotpartofaregularlyscheduledseasonofpetitionorachampionshipseries.36.Therearenorepercussions(负面影响)beyondthefinalscoreintermsofstandingsorfuturemitment.37.Butthetypesofgamesthatusethetermhaveexpandedtoday.Itisnowusedtorefertocasuallyscheduledgamesofsoftball,volleyball,tennis,andevenchess.Pickupgamesarespontaneous(自发的)andinformal.38.Anallmen’spickupgamemaybeplayedas“ShirtsvsNoShirts”;itisaneasywaytoidentifyteammatesanddistinguishthemfromthepetitors.“InsideShirtsvsOutShirts”“WhiteShirtsvsColoredShirts”and“MenvsWomen”areotherteamscreatedwiththegoalofknowingwhoiswho.Recently,attemptshavebeenmadetousetheInternettoschedulepickupgames.Thisisawayofhelpingplayersconnectwithotherplayersintheirlocalareaandallowingthemtohavepleteteamswheneverpossible.39.

Forexample,gender,gamechoice,age,location,andhowfartheyarewillingtotraveltoagame.Themaindrawofpickupgamesisthattheyaremeanttobeafunwaytopracticeorshowoffskillswithfriends.Ifaplayermakesamistake,hewon’tbetakenoutofthegameandworriedaboutlosinghisplayingtime.40.A．Youcouldplaypickupfootball,baseball,etc.B．Hecanlaughitoffandcontinueonwiththegame.C．Thismethodmakesthegamemuchmorepetitive.D．Potentialplayersareaskedtoprovidetheirinformation.E．Theterm“pickupgame”oftenreferstobasketballgames.F．Instead,itisagamewithteamsoftenmadeuponthespot.G．Butpeoplehaveavarietyofmethodstopickteamsandidentifythem.【答案】36．F37．E38．G39．D40．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是关于即兴比赛的一些相关信息。36．空前“Apickupgameisagameofsomekindthatisnotpartofaregularlyscheduledseasonofpetitionorachampionshipseries.(即兴比赛是一种不属于常规赛季或冠军系列赛的比赛。)”说明了即兴比赛是一种不属于常规赛季或冠军系列赛的比赛，空格处应该说它到底是一种什么样的比赛，F选项“Instead,itisagamewithteamsoftenmadeuponthespot.(相反，它是一种经常在现场组成球队的比赛。)”说明的是即兴比赛是在现场组成球队的比赛，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。37．空后“Butthetypesofgamesthatusethetermhaveexpandedtoday.Itisnowusedtorefertocasuallyscheduledgamesofsoftball,volleyball,tennis,andevenchess.(但如今，使用这一术语的比赛类型有所扩展。现在用来指垒球、排球、网球甚至国际象棋等随意安排的比赛。)”说明即兴比赛已经扩展到其他的一些球类比赛中，空格处就应该说它一般是用于某一种比赛中，E选项“Theterm“pickupgame”oftenreferstobasketballgames.(“pickupgame”这