江苏省南通市如皋市2023－2024学年度高三上学期调研（一）英语试题（解析版）

第1页/共1页如皋市2023－2024学年度高三年级第一学期调研(一)英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，20小题，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthewomansleeplessaccordingtotheman?A.Sheistoostressed.B.Shegoestobedtoolate.C.Shestaysindoorsfortoolong2.Whatdoestheboyhavetodoafterschool?A.Feedthecat.B.Visithisuncle.C.Gotothelibrary.3.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Anengineer.B.Areceptionist.C.Arepairman.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthewoman’shouse.B.Inaclothingshop.C.Inanoffice.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Ahouse.C.Apainting.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthepie?A.Itisquitebig.B.Ittastesnice.C.Itlooksstrange.7.WhatwillJessiedonext?A.Makesomeshapes.B.Brushthetopwithegg.C.Addmeatandvegetables.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whorowedtheboatatfirst?A.Theman’sparents.B.Theman’sbrothers.C.Themanandhisfather.9.Whatdidthemansayabouttherowing?A.Itwastiring.B.Itwashard.C.Itwasinteresting.10.Whatdidtheman’sfatherdo?A.Hepreparedthepicnic.B.Hetookthewrongway.C.Heledthefamilytothecar.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Friends.C.Landlordandtenant.12.WhatdoesLucaschoosetodrink?A.Tea.B.Grapejuice.C.Coffee.13.Whatisinfrontofthegym?A.Agrocerystore.B.Asupermarket.C.Thesubwaystation.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.HowdoesDavidsoundwhenspeakingofhisuncle?A.Surprised.B.Worried.C.Grateful.15.WhydoesDavidlikehisjob?A.Itmakeshislifedifferent.B.Itrealizeshisuncle’sdream.C.Ithasbroughthimwealthandfame.16.WhichtricktookDavidoverfiveyearstocreate?A.MakingtheStatueofLibertydisappear.B.StraighteningtheLeaningTowerofPisa.C.Puttingawoman’sfaceonMtRushmore.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmuchshouldanadultpayforthetour?A.£55.B.£110.C.£240.18.Whichisexcludedfromthetour?A.Hotelpickup.B.Drinks.C.Meals.19.WhendidtheBritishMuseumopentothepublic?A.In1747.B.In1753.C.In179.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheBritishMuseum?A.Theentrancetothemuseumisn’tfree.B.Itcontainsabouttwomillionobjects.C.Thereisasubwaystationnearby.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourbeautifultripscombiningbikesandtrainsOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小径)Thetrailisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.TheCuyahogaValleyScenicRailroad(CVSR)stretchesoutseparatelyalongthetrailfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-milestretchthatpassesthroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.ThetrailhugstheoutlineoftheoriginalOhioandErieCanal.Today,thetrailpassesmanylandmarks,includingbridges,museums,andvillages.DanubeCyclePathItisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermannytoBudapest,Hungary.ThepathismostpopularinAustriafeaturing245scenicmilesservicedbylocalandlong-distancetrains.Mostcyclistschoosetoridefromwesttocastwiththeflowoftheriver,totakeadvantageofthenaturalslope(斜坡)ofbicycletraffic.LehighGorgeRailTrailThetailextendsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRive.AhistorictouristrailwaycalledtheLehighGorgeScenicRailwayfollowsthetrail,allowingcycliststocreateaone-wayrideratherthanbacktracking.TherailtrailismostlyflatandpassesthroughLehighGorgeStatePark.Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.CinderTrackTheCinderTrackisa21-milebroken-stonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England:ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethetrailbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthetrail.Thetrainjourneyisnotadirectpathwaybetweenthetwotowns—infact,thetracksoftheoriginaldirectpathwaywereremovedtocreatethetrail.Thetrail,meanwhile,hugstheYorkshirecoast,withviewsofseasidebluffs(峭壁),fishingvillages,etc.1.WhatisspecialabouttheOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail?A.Itoffersachancetovisitmuseums.B.Itgoespastmanycitiesandvillages.C.ItsharesmostofitstrailwithCVSR.D.Itprovidescyclistswithaviewofthesea.2.What’sthedisadvantageoftheLehighGorgeRailTrailforcyclists?A.Thenumeroussharpslope. B.Theextremelyroughpath.C.Theconnectionwitharailway. D.Thetimelimitofbikeservice.3.Whichofthefollowingcoversthelongestdistance?A.TheCinderTrack.B.TheDanubeCyclePath.C.TheLehighGorgeRailTrail.D.TheOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了四次结合自行车和火车的美丽旅行。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小径)下的段落中“TheCuyahogaValleyScenicRailroad(CVSR)stretchesoutseparatelyalongthetrailfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-milestretchthatpassesthroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.ThetrailhugstheoutlineoftheoriginalOhioandErieCanal.Today,thetrailpassesmanylandmarks,includingbridges,museums,andvillages.(凯霍加谷风景铁路(CVSR)沿着从阿克伦到索恩伯格站的小路分开延伸，全长31英里，穿过凯霍加谷国家公园。这条小径环绕着原来的俄亥俄和伊利运河的轮廓。今天，这条路经过许多地标，包括桥梁、博物馆和村庄)”可知，OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail的特别之处是提供了参观博物馆的机会。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题LehighGorgeRailTrail下的段落中“Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.(虽然火车大部分时间运行，但从5月到11月，每月只有一个周末提供自行车服务)”可知，LehighGorgeRailTrail的缺点是自行车服务的时间是受限制的。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小径)下的段落中“Thetrailisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.(这条小径全长87英里，从克利夫兰到俄亥俄州东北部的玻利瓦尔)”；根据小标题DanubeCyclePath下的段落中“ItisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermannytoBudapest,Hungary.(这条路沿着多瑙河蜿蜒745英里，从德国的多瑙埃辛根(Donaueschingen)一直延伸到匈牙利的布达佩斯)”；根据小标题LehighGorgeRailTrail下的段落中“Thetailextendsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRive.(尾巴延伸25英里，穿过利哈伊河旁的林地)”以及根据小标题CinderTrack下的段落中“TheCinderTrackisa21-milebroken-stonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England:ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethetrailbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthetrail.(“煤渣轨道”是一条21英里长的碎石小道，位于英格兰约克郡海岸。这条小道的起点和终点是斯卡伯勒镇(Scarborough)和惠特比镇(Whitby)，附近都有火车站)”可知，四条路线中TheDanubeCyclePath.是路线最长的。故选B项。BBorninanunknownvillageinHuarongcounty,Hunanprovince,Yihadfewopportunitiestoplayinstrumentswhenhewasyoung.Attheageof6,whenmostperformershavealreadybegunstudyingthepianoatmusicacademies,Yilearnedthetraditionalstringedinstrumenttheerhufromagroupofpeoplelodgingathishome.Itwasnotuntilmuchlaterthathefirstsawapianowhenhevisitedhiscousin’shouseinHuarong.“Myfamilywastoopoortobuyapianoforme,soIoftenusedtovisitmycousin,eventhoughittookaboutanhourtotravelthe20kilometerstohishomeoverrockyroadsjustfortheopportunitytositatthekeyboard,”Yisaid.YifirstarrivedinShenzhen19yearsagoandworkedinfactories,onconstructionsitesandinkitchens.Hehadnotplayedapianofornearly30years.ThepublicpianosinHuaqiangbeiofferedhimafreshstart.Onahotsummer’sday,whiletakingabreakfromworkatanearbyconstructionsite,Yiandhissonpassedoneoftheinstruments.Encouragedbyhisson,Yidecidedtogiveitatry.Herubbedhishandsnervouslyonhisclothes,butthemomentheplacedhisfingersonthekeys,hefeltmorecomfortableandhisconfidencereturned.AlthoughhismasterlyperformanceatthepianokeyboardquicklymadehimanonlinesensationinChinaandoverseas,YiisnottheonlyonetobenefitfromthepianosinHuaqiangbei.InspiredbytheBritishartistLukeJerram,whohasplacedmorethan2,000streetpianosinover70citiesworldwidesince2008withthewords“PlayMe,I’mYours”printedontheirsides,thepublicpianoprojectinHuaqiangbeiwaslaunchedbythelocalgovernmentin2018.ZhangChen,deputydirectoroftheHuaqiangbeisubdistrictoffice,said:“HuaqiangbeiislocatedinthecommercialdistrictinthecenterofShenzhen.Wehavebeentryingtoprovidediversefacilitiestobringhigh-qualitypublicculturalservicestothearea.Wearesurprisedthatthepublicpianoprojecthasattractedsomanypeopletoplaytheinstruments,andotherstowatchthemperform.”4.WhatdowelearnaboutyoungYifromthepassage?A.Hesmoothedthepathtopianolessons.B.Hewasfascinatedbymusicalinstruments.C.Hereceivedmusicaltrainingattheageof6.D.Hefamiliarizedhimselfwitherhuathiscousin’.5.HowdidYifeelwhenhedecidedtotryplayingthepiano?A.Awkward. B.Confident. C.Amazed. D.Refreshed.6.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthe7thparagraph?A.Theartist’spopularity. B.Theproject’sorigin.C.Theartist’screativity. D.Theproject’schallenge.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Acityculturefeaturingthepianoneedschanging.B.Thestreetpianoprojectfuelsurbandevelopment.C.Huaqiangbeigetsintunewithitsculturalambitions.D.Shenzhentakestheleadinpromotingculturalprosperity.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以Yi在华强北的公共钢琴演奏使他在国内外网络上引起轰动为例，介绍了华强北的公共钢琴项目以及华强北的文化抱负。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Attheageof6,whenmostperformershavealreadybegunstudyingthepianoatmusicacademies,Yilearnedthetraditionalstringedinstrumenttheerhufromagroupofpeoplelodgingathishome.(6岁时，当大多数演奏者已经开始在音乐学院学习钢琴时，易从寄宿在他家的一群人那里学习了传统的弦乐器二胡)”以及第三段““Myfamilywastoopoortobuyapianoforme,soIoftenusedtovisitmycousin,eventhoughittookaboutanhourtotravelthe20kilometerstohishomeoverrockyroadsjustfortheopportunitytositatthekeyboard,”Yisaid.(“我家太穷了，没钱给我买钢琴，所以我经常去拜访我的表弟，即使要花一个小时左右的时间，走20公里的岩石路到他家，只是为了有机会坐在琴键前，”易说)”可知，Yi对乐器着迷。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Herubbedhishandsnervouslyonhisclothes,butthemomentheplacedhisfingersonthekeys,hefeltmorecomfortableandhisconfidencereturned.(他紧张地用手在衣服上搓着，但手指一放在琴键上，他就觉得舒服多了，又恢复了信心)”可知，当他决定尝试弹钢琴时，他感到局促不安。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第七段“InspiredbytheBritishartistLukeJerram,whohasplacedmorethan2,000streetpianosinover70citiesworldwidesince2008withthewords“PlayMe,I’mYours”printedontheirsides,thepublicpianoprojectinHuaqiangbeiwaslaunchedbythelocalgovernmentin2018.(自2008年以来，英国艺术家LukeJerram在全球70多个城市放置了2000多架印有“PlayMe,I’mYours”字样的街头钢琴。受此启发，当地政府于2018年启动了华强北公共钢琴项目)”可知，第七段主要讲了项目的起源。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Wehavebeentryingtoprovidediversefacilitiestobringhigh-qualitypublicculturalservicestothearea.Wearesurprisedthatthepublicpianoprojecthasattractedsomanypeopletoplaytheinstruments,andotherstowatchthemperform.(我们一直在努力提供多样化的设施，为该地区带来高质量的公共文化服务。我们很惊讶，公共钢琴项目吸引了这么多人来演奏乐器，还有其他人来观看他们的表演)”可知，华强北提供多样化的设施吸引了人来演奏乐器，与它的文化抱负相一致。故选C。CMarsmayseemlikeadry,desolateplace,buttheredplanettransformsintoanotherworldlywonderlandinwinter,accordingtoanewvideosharedbyNASA.It’slatewinterinMars’NorthernHemisphere,wherethePerseveranceroverandIngenuityhelicopterareexploringanancientriverdelta(三角洲)thatoncefedintoJezeroCraterbillionsofyearsago.Astheplanet’smainfeature,dustdrivesMartianweather,buttheplanetisnostrangertosnow,iceandfrost.TherearetwotypesofsnowonMars.OneisthekindweexperienceonEarthmadeoffrozenwater.ThethinMartianairandsub-zerotemperaturesmeansthattraditionalsnowchangesfromasoliddirectlytoagas,beforetouchingthegroundonMars.TheothertypeofMartiansnowiscarbondioxidebased,ordryice,anditcanlandonthesurface.AfewfeetofsnowtendstofallonMarsinitsflatregionsnearthepoles.“Enoughfallsthatyoucouldsnowshoe(穿雪鞋走路)acrossit.”saidSylvainPiqueux,aMarsscientistatNASA’SJetPropulsionLaboratoryinPasadena,California,inastatement.Sofar,noorbiters(轨道飞行器)orrovershavebeenabletoseesnowfallontheredplanetbecausetheweatherphenomenononlyoccursatthepolesbeneathcloudcoveratnight.Thecamerasontheorbiterscan’tpeerthroughtheclouds,andnoroboticexplorershavebeendevelopedthatcouldsurvivethefreezingtemperaturesatthepoles,whichcanbeaslowasminus120degreesCelsius.However,theMarsClimateSounderinstrumentontheMarsReconnaissanceOrbitercandetectlightthat’sinvisibletothehumaneye.IthasmadedetectionsofcarbondioxidesnowfallingattheMartianpoles.ThePhoenixlander,whicharrivedonMarsin2008,alsousedoneofitslaserinstrumentstodetectwater-icesnowfromitsspotabout1,600kilometersawayfromtheMartiannorthpole.Thankstophotographers,weknowsnowflakesonEarthareuniqueandsixsided.Beneathamicroscope,Martiansnowflakeswouldlikelylookalittledifferent.“Becausecarbondioxideicehasasymmetry(对称)offour,weknowdry-icesnowflakeswouldbecube-shaped(立方体的),”Piqueuxsaid.“ThankstotheMarsClimateSounder,wecantellthesesnowflakeswouldbesmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair.”Iceandcarbondioxide-basedfrostsalsoformonMars,andtheycanoccurfartherawayfromthepoles.TheOdysseyorbiter(whichenteredMarsorbitin2001)haswatchedfrostformingandturningtoagasinthesunlight,whiletheVikinglandersspottedicyfrostonMarswhentheyarrivedinthe1970s.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesnowmadeoffrozenwateronMars?A.Itcontainslotsofdust. B.ItmakestheMartianairthick.C.Itkeepsitsformstablewhilefalling. D.ItcanhardlybeseenontheMartianground.9.WhatmakesitdifficultforroboticexplorerstoseesnowfallonMars?A.Thefreezingtemperature. B.Thethicknessofclouds.C.Thechangingweatherpattern. D.Thedistancefromthepoles.10.WhatcantheMarsClimateSoundertellusaboutdry-icesnowflakes?A.Theirsmell. B.Theirsize. C.Theirspeed. D.Theirdirection.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ItSeldomSnowsonMars B.ItIsMuchColderonMarsC.TheBeautifulWinteronMars D.TheSeasonalChangesonMars【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星上雪的两种类型以及探测器观测雪所存在的挑战以及目前对于火星上雪花的一些了解情况。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“OneisthekindweexperienceonEarthmadeoffrozenwater.ThethinMartianairandsub-zerotemperaturesmeansthattraditionalsnowchangesfromasoliddirectlytoagas,beforetouchingthegroundonMars.(一种是我们在地球上体验到的由冰冻水构成的水。火星稀薄的空气和零下的温度意味着传统的雪在接触火星地面之前就会从固体直接变成气体)”可知，火星上由冰冻的水构成的雪在火星上几乎看不到。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thecamerasontheorbiterscan’tpeerthroughtheclouds,andnoroboticexplorershavebeendevelopedthatcouldsurvivethefreezingtemperaturesatthepoles,whichcanbeaslowasminus120degreesCelsius.(轨道飞行器上的摄像头无法透过云层进行观察，而且目前还没有开发出能够在极地低温环境下生存的机器人探测器，那里的低温可低至零下120摄氏度)”可知，冰点温度让机器人探测器难以看到火星上的降雪。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThankstotheMarsClimateSounder,wecantellthesesnowflakeswouldbesmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair.(多亏了火星气候探测器，我们可以判断出这些雪花比人类头发的宽度还小)”可知，火星气候探测器能告诉我们关于干冰雪花的尺寸大小。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Marsmayseemlikeadry,desolateplace,buttheredplanettransformsintoanotherworldlywonderlandinwinter,accordingtoanewvideosharedbyNASA.(火星可能看起来是一个干燥、荒凉的地方，但根据美国宇航局分享的一段新视频，这颗红色星球在冬天会变成一个超凡脱俗的仙境)”以及第三段“Astheplanet’smainfeature,dustdrivesMartianweather,buttheplanetisnostrangertosnow,iceandfrost.(作为火星的主要特征，尘埃驱动着火星的天气，但这个星球对雪、冰和霜并不陌生)”结合文章主要介绍了火星上雪的两种类型以及探测器观测雪所存在的挑战以及目前对于火星上雪花的一些了解情况。可知，C选项“火星上美丽的冬天”最符合文章标题。故选C。DAmazonsometimesmakesuscheckaboxtosavemoney.Thoseorange“coupon”(优惠券)bannersbelowthepriceonAmazon’sonlinestoreareconfusing.WhydoesAmazonmakethroughtheextrastepofclickingaboxto“save$2whenyouapplythiscoupon?”Whydoesn’tthecouponjustapplyautomatically?TheanswerliesinthesubtlebuthighlyeffectivewayAmazonandotherstoresuseshoppingpsychologytoinfluenceourbuyingdecisions.Bymakingusclickabox.Amazonhopestoavoidthe“cartabandonment”problem—whenshoppersaddsomethingtotheirvirtualshoppingcartbutdon’tendupbuyingit.That’sabigchallengeforonlineretailers.Theymissoutonbillionsofdollarsofpotentialsalesannuallybecauseofshoppersthinkingtwiceaboutbuyingaproduct.Around70%ofonlineshoppingcartscontainingatleastoneitemareeventuallyabandoned,accordingtotheBaymardInstitute,ane-commerceconsultancybasedinCopenhagen.Thetopreasoncustomerswalkaway:Theysaytheywerejustbrowsingandweren’treadytomakeapurchase.Socompanieslookforpersuasiontactics(策略)togetshopperstofollowthroughandclickthe“buy”button.Amazon’stactictodisplayacouponoption,insteadofjustautomaticallyshowingadiscountedprice,givesshoppersanextraincentive(动机)tomakethepurchaserightaway,saymarketingexperts.Customersalsowanttoberewardedfortheefforttheyputintoshop.Itmaynotfeellikemuchtoclickabox—butitdoesmakeadifference.Amazon’scouponboxputscustomersinamoreactiveandengagedroleinlandingareward,makingitmorevisceral(发自内心的)forthem,saidTamaraMasters,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofUtah’sDavidEcclesSchoolofBusiness,whostudiesshoppingpsychology.“Byconsciouslyseeingandclickingonthecouponbox,insteadofjusthavingthecouponappliedautomatically,therewardcanbefeltmoreacutely,”Masterssaid.That’sabenefittoAmazoninthelongrun.“Whenaconsumerfeelsrewardedaftermakinganefforttopurchasesomething,theyaremorewillingtobuyandmorewillingtopay,”sheadded.ThecouponboxisjustoneofthewaysAmazontargetsshopperslookingforbargains.Amazonalsohasastandalonepageonitswebsiteforcouponsonselectbrands.Ifshoppersgotothepage,theycanclipthecouponsvirtuallyanddon’thavetotaketheextrastepofcheckingabox.Thisapproachisdesignedtoreachtheshopperswhowillshopexclusivelybasedonwhichbrandsareofferingcoupons,whicharedifferentthanproductsonsale,pricepromotionsordiscounts.12.WhydoesAmazonapplythecouponboxtohelpcustomerssavemoney?A.Toavoidtheabandonmentofcoupons.B.Toensurecustomersmakewisechoices.C.Toincreasecustomers’chanceofbuying.D.Torecommendgoodproductstocustomers.13.WhatisthemotivationbehindcustomersbuyingbehavioraccordingtoTamaraMasters?A.Theirefforttogetareward. B.Theirexpectationsofprice.C.Theircuriosityaboutthereward. D.Theirdesiretomakeadifference.14.WhatdoesTamaraMastersthinkofAmazon’stactic??A.Itisalosingbatinthelongterm. B.Itcanprovidemuchconvenience.C.Itmightcauseconsumerscomplaints. D.It’sareliablewaytoencouragepurchase.15.WhatdothelasttwoparagraphstellusaboutAmazon?A.Itwillsaveshoppers’timetocheckabox.B.Itpersuadesselectbrandstooffercoupons.C.Ittriesvariousmeanstotargetdifferentshoppers.D.Itplanstoreduceunfaircompetitionamongbrands.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要解释了为什么为什么亚马逊会通过额外的点击步骤来使用优惠券而不是自动生效。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheanswerliesinthesubtlebuthighlyeffectivewayAmazonandotherstoresuseshoppingpsychologytoinfluenceourbuyingdecisions.Bymakingusclickabox.Amazonhopestoavoidthe“cartabandonment”problem—whenshoppersaddsomethingtotheirvirtualshoppingcartbutdon’tendupbuyingit.(答案在于亚马逊和其他商店利用购物心理学来影响我们的购买决定的微妙而高效的方式。通过让我们点击一个框。亚马逊希望避免“购物车被遗弃”的问题，即购物者在虚拟购物车中添加了一些东西，但最终没有购买)”可知，亚马逊使用优惠券盒来帮助客户省钱是为了增加顾客的购买机会。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Amazon’scouponboxputscustomersinamoreactiveandengagedroleinlandingareward,makingitmorevisceral(发自内心的)forthem,saidTamaraMasters,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofUtah’sDavidEcclesSchoolofBusiness,whostudiesshoppingpsychology.(犹他大学大卫·埃克尔斯商学院研究购物心理学的市场营销学助理教授塔玛拉·马斯特斯说，亚马逊的优惠券盒让顾客更积极、更投入地获得奖励，让他们更本能地获得奖励)”可知，塔玛拉·马斯特斯认为，顾客购买行为背后的动机是他们努力获得奖励。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段““Byconsciouslyseeingandclickingonthecouponbox,insteadofjusthavingthecouponappliedautomatically,therewardcanbefeltmoreacutely,”Masterssaid.That’sabenefittoAmazoninthelongrun.“Whenaconsumerfeelsrewardedaftermakinganefforttopurchasesomething,theyaremorewillingtobuyandmorewillingtopay,”sheadded.(马斯特斯说：“通过有意识地看到并点击优惠券框，而不是自动使用优惠券，人们会更强烈地感受到奖励。”从长远来看，这对亚马逊是有利的。她补充说：“当消费者在付出努力后感到得到了回报时，他们会更愿意购买，更愿意支付。”)”可知，塔玛拉·马斯特斯认为亚马逊的策略是一种鼓励购买的可靠方式。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“ThecouponboxisjustoneofthewaysAmazontargetsshopperslookingforbargains.Amazonalsohasastandalonepageonitswebsiteforcouponsonselectbrands.Ifshoppersgotothepage,theycanclipthecouponsvirtuallyanddon’thavetotaketheextrastepofcheckingabox.(优惠券盒只是亚马逊瞄准购物者寻找便宜货的方式之一。亚马逊在其网站上也有一个单独的页面，提供精选品牌的优惠券。如果购物者进入这个页面，他们可以虚拟地剪下优惠券，而不必采取额外的步骤去勾选一个方框)”以及最后一段“Thisapproachisdesignedtoreachtheshopperswhowillshopexclusivelybasedonwhichbrandsareofferingcoupons,whicharedifferentthanproductsonsale,pricepromotionsordiscounts.(这种方法的目的是吸引那些只会根据提供优惠券的品牌来购物的购物者，这些优惠券不同于正在销售的产品、价格促销或折扣)”可知，最后两段主要讲述了亚马逊尝试各种方法来瞄准不同的消费者。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Longbeforemetalovenracks(烤箱架)wereinvented,manypeoplewouldplacethethingsthattheywantedtobakeontostonestokeepthemfromburninginovensorevendirectlyonheat.TraditionaldisheslikeNativeAmericanflatbreademployedathickheavystoneoveralowfire,ontowhichcornwasspread.____16____However,thereareactuallymanyapplicationsforitsuseinbaking.Virtually,anybakedfoodcanbecookedonastoneinsteadof,orinadditionto,amoremodernpan.____17____Stonescanstoremoisture(湿气)andproduceacrispy,perfectlygoldencrust(酥皮)noteasilyattainedinmetalglassbakeware.Andtheyareoftenoptimized(优化)forcertaintemperaturesandcrustconditions.____18____Claystoneispopular,butsomepeopleprefermarble(大理石).Someareglazedandothersarenot,sothere’sagreatdealofchoiceonthemarket.Afewcompaniesmakestonecookiesheets,muffintins,andotherstowidentheapplicationspossibleforstonebakeware.Ingeneral,thethickerthestone,themorelikelyitisthatyourbakedfoodwillcarrythetasteofatraditionalbrickoven.Abakingstoneworksbyabsorbingtheheatfromyouroven,thenevenlydistributingitdirectlyoverthesurfaceoftherisingdough(生面团).____19____Thatway,theycanlendmoreoftheevenbrowning,whichishighlysoughtafterbybrickovenenthusiasts.Finally,inmostcases,youwillneedatleastaninch(about2.5cm)oneachsideofthestonetoEnsureproperairflow.Thisisparticularlytrueifyourovenisgaspowered.Thestoneshouldnotcausebakedfoodtotouchyouroven’sheatingelements.____20____A.Makesureitwillfitinsideofyouroven.B.Thewaythatbakingstonesworkissimple.C.Manycookspraisetheabilityofthebakingstone.D.Thickstonescancapturemoreheatthanthinones.E.Bakingstonescomeindifferentmaterialsandshapes.F.Thatmakesthemuniquelyusefulformanycookingcreations.G.Todaythebakingstoneisassociatedmostwithcookingpizza.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了用烤石烘焙的优点，原理和注意事项。【16题详解】根据前文“TraditionaldisheslikeNativeAmericanflatbreademployedathickheavystoneoveralowfire,ontowhichcornwasspread.(传统菜肴，如印第安人的扁平面包，是用一块又厚又重的石头放在小火上，然后在上面撒上谷物)”以及后文“However,thereareactuallymanyapplicationsforitsuseinbaking.(然而，实际上它在烘焙中有很多应用)”可知，本段是在引出主题，所以G项“Todaythebakingstoneisassociatedmostwithcookingpizza.(今天，烤石与烹饪披萨联系在一起)”符合本段主题，且Traditional和Today构成顺承关系。故选G项。【17题详解】根据前文“Virtually,anybakedfoodcanbecookedonastoneinsteadof,orinadditionto,amoremodernpan.(实际上，任何烘焙的食物都可以在石头上烹饪，而不是更现代的平底锅)”以及后文“Stonescanstoremoisture(湿气)andproduceacrispy,perfectlygoldencrust(酥皮)noteasilyattainedinmetalglassbakeware.(石头可以储存水分，并产生酥脆，完美的金色外壳，这是金属玻璃烤盘不容易达到的)”可知，本段讲述了石头烘焙的好处，所以C项“Manycookspraisetheabilityofthebakingstone.(许多厨师称赞烤石的能力)”符合本段主题。故选C项。【18题详解】分析设空，空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Claystoneispopular,butsomepeopleprefermarble(大理石).Someareglazedandothersarenot,sothere’sagreatdealofchoiceonthemarket.Afewcompaniesmakestonecookiesheets,muffintins,andotherstowidentheapplicationspossibleforstonebakeware.(粘土石很受欢迎，但有些人更喜欢大理石。有些是上釉的，有些没有，所以市场上有很多选择。一些公司生产石制饼干板、松饼罐和其他产品，以扩大石制烘焙器具的应用范围)”可知，本段在讲述烤石的种类很多，所以E项“Bakingstonescomeindifferentmaterialsandshapes.(烘烤石有不同的材料和形状)”符合文意。故选E项。【19题详解】根据前文“Abakingstoneworksbyabsorbingtheheatfromyouroven,thenevenlydistributingitdirectlyoverthesurfaceoftherisingdough.(烤石的工作原理是吸收烤箱的热量，然后将其均匀地直接分布在正在发酵的面团表面)”以及后文“Thatway,theycanlendmoreoftheevenbrowning,whichishighlysoughtafterbybrickovenenthusiasts.(这样，他们就可以提供更多的均匀褐变，这是砖炉爱好者所高度追求的)”可知，本段在讲述烤石的工作原理，所以D项“Thickstonescancapturemoreheatthanthinones.(厚石头比薄石头能吸收更多的热量)”符合本段主题，并和后文构成逻辑关系。故选D项。【20题详解】根据前文“Ensureproperairflow.Thisisparticularlytrueifyourovenisgaspowered.Thestoneshouldnotcausebakedfoodtotouchyouroven’sheatingelements.(确保空气流通顺畅。如果你的烤箱是燃气驱动的，这一点尤其正确。石头不应该使烘烤的食物接触到烤箱的加热元件)”可知，本段在讲述使用烤石的注意事项，所以A项“Makesureitwillfitinsideofyouroven.(确保它能装进你的烤箱里。)”符合文意，和前文构成逻辑关系。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthefallof2008,Iwaslookingtoleavemycurrentjobinadoctor’sofficetoexploresomethingmore____21____.SoIstartedinvestigatingthenewworldoftravelnursing.Withabitof____22____,IwasconnectedtoCarlyn.Atthistime,Iamworkingonallareasofmylifeinthe____23____ofbecomingastronger,moreconfidentperson,and____24____moreaboutwhoIam.Withoutamazing,enthusiasticandsupportiveCarlyn,Iwouldn’tbewhereIamtoday.Forthepast2years,CarlynandIstayedin____25____throughemail,facebook,andaperiodicphonecall,becomingfriends….Ihadawholeviewofallthethingsshewas____26____inherlifeanditinspiredmemuch.Iwasanxiousto____27____Carlynface-to-faceforthefirsttime.But,assoonasshe____28____infrontofmyhouse,itwaslikewehaddoneitamilliontimesbefore.This“myfriends”isthe____29____ofthehumanconnectionthatshetalksabout.Ittakestwopeoplefrom____30____tofriends!Nowasfatewouldhaveit,Carlynhas____31____myworld.Sonow,Ihopetorepayher____32____forallthat