福建省福州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题 含答案

准考证号：____________________姓名：____________（在此卷上答题无效）2023～2024学年第一学期福州市高一年级期末质量检测英语试卷（本试题卷共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。）友情提示：请将所有答案填写到答题卡上！请不要错位、越界答题！第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15. B．£9.18． C．£9.15答案是C。1．Whatwillthewomanprobablydotonight?A．Gotoashow. B．Reviewherlessons. C．Visitherhistoryteacher.2．Howmuchdidthewomanpay?A．$60. B．$75. C．$90.3．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Catchalaterflight.B．Askforawake-upservice.C．Gotobedearliertonight.4．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Onlystudentscanborrowreferencebooks.B．Thelibraryisshortofreferencebooks.C．Referencebooksarenotforlending.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．WhythemanteachesEnglish.B．Whatlanguagethemanusesinclass.C．Howthemanlearnedaforeignlanguage.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhichplaceisSallyinterestedin?A．TheLondonEye. B．TheThames. C．TheCoventGarden.7．Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttododuringthetrip?A．Goboating. B．Seeanimals. C．Visitmuseums.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whatdoesthewomanhavetroubledoingeveryday?A．Doingshopping. B．Doingcleaning. C．Doingwashing.9．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably?A．Atasupermarket. B．Atanursinghome. C．Atthewoman’shouse.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．WhydidVivianandherfriendshavetowaitforatable?A．Theydidn’treserveone.B．Theywantedabiggerone.C．Theybookedoneforthewrongtime.11．WhatdidVivianlikebestabouthermeal?A．Thesoup. B．Thefish. C．Thechicken.12．WhathappenedtoVivianandherfriendsintheend?A．Theysentthewrongdishback.B．Theyspentanhourcheckingthebill.C．Theypaidlessmoneyforthemeal.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whoisthemangoingtoplaygolfwith?A．Thewoman. B．Hisworkmates. C．Hisschoolmates.14．WhatwillthewomandothisFriday?A．Takesomecourses. B．Takepartinatryout. C．Dosportsataschoolgym.15．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Heisn’tgoodatbasketball.B．Hejoinsabasketballteam.C．Heprefersdoingexerciseinthegym.16．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofplayingbasketball?A．Tiring. B．Challenging. C．Helpful.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhendidElizabethmovetoNewYork?A．In1821. B．In1831. C．In1849.18．HowdidElizabethmakemoneyforherstudy?A．Byworkingasamusicteacher.B．Byteachingatamedicalschool.C．Byplayingguitarinaband.19．WhathappenedtoElizabethattheageof28?A．ShereturnedtoPhiladelphia.B．Shewasacceptedbyadoctor.C．Shegraduatedfrommedicalschool.20．WhatwasoneofElizabeth’scontributions?A．Shefoughthardforwomen’sright.B．Shehelpedtrainmanywomendoctors.C．Shesetupthefirsthospitalintheworld.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFrombeehives（蜂箱）onrooftopstomini-forests,creativeideasarebringingnatureintocities,allaroundtheworld.Herearesomeexamples.Liverpool,EnglandAlivingwallishowLiverpoolhasmaderoomfornatureinitsbusycitycenter.Builtin2020,Liverpool’slivingwallhasbeenplantedwith14,000evergreenstohelptrapsomeofthepollutionproducedbythecity’snearbybusstation.In2021,anothermeasurewastaken.Tworooftopbeehiveswerefixedfor40,000beestolivein.Therehasbeenagreatincreaseinthebeepopulationandimprovementofthecommunity’secology（生态）inthefollowingyears.Singapore,SoutheastAsiaSingaporeisdeterminedtobe“acityinnature”.InFebruary2021thecity-stateannouncedits“GreenPlan2030”—tomakethecityascontinualandnature-inclusiveaspossible.Singaporealreadyhasover400parksandfournaturereservesandby2026thiswillincreaseto300hectares（公顷）.Theypromiseby2030nofamilyshouldbemorethanaten-minutewalkfromagreenspace.Seoul,SouthKoreaandIzmir,TurkeyInSouthKorea,Seoulhasplantedaforesttolowercitytemperaturesby3to7℃．TheTurkishcityofIzmirishopingtoreducepollutionwiththeMavisehirPeynirciogluStreamEcologicalCorridor（河流生态走廊）,Curitiba,BrazilCuritiba,Brazil,hasbeenworkingtowardsaneco-friendlymodelsincethe1970sandcityplannersmadethewell-beingofpeopletheirmainconcern.Inthefaceofanincreasingpopulation,addingnaturalrelaxationspacesandencouragingrecyclingpracticeshasbecomeakeypartofcityplanning.Thegovernment’sforestationplanhasseentheplantingofmanytreesinpublicareas.Ten“mini-forests”havealsobeenestablished,makinguseofsmallerareaswherelargerplantationsareimpossible.21．Whatisthepurposeofalivingwall?A．Toreducepollution. B．Tofixbeehives.C．Totrapbeepopulation. D．Toplantevergreens.22．WhatdoesSingaporepromiseby2030?A．Increasedspaceforparks. B．Easierreachofgreenareas.C．Continualgrowthofthecity. D．Greaterareaofnaturereserves.23．Whichofthefollowingsucceedsingreeningsmallerspaces?A．Singapore. B．Curitiba. C．Seoul. D．Izmir.24．Whatisthesharedgoaloftheseprojects?A．Toreducelocalpollution. B．Toproviderelaxationspaces.C．Tolowercitytemperatures D．Toimprovelivingenvironment.25．Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A．CreativeIdeas:WorkingTogether B．PromisesComingTrueC．NatureReserves:MoreComing D．CitiesTurningGreenBOnholiday,manywillfindthemselvesinplaceswheretheydonotspeakthelanguage.Onceuponatime,theymighthavecarriedaphrasebook.Butnow,manysimple,freeappsaregoodnewsforthosetravelers.Withtheseapps’conversationmode,peopletalkintoaphoneandaspokentranslationisheardmomentslater.Maybethebest-knownappisGoogleTranslate,thoughsmallmistakescanhappenduetoitsword-for-wordtranslation.Surprisingly,thebesttoolmaynotbeatranslationappatall.Thoughnotmarketedforthat.ChatGPT,agenerativeAIsystem,canwritemessagesindifferentlanguages;producingnaturaloutputlikeanativespeaker.AsAItranslationbecomesanevenmorepopularlabour-savingtool,societymaydivideintotwogroups.Therewillbethosewhowanttofullyexperienceothercultures.Thisgroupwillstilltakeonlanguagestudy,oftenaidedbytechnology.Otherswilllookatlearninganewlanguagewithadifferentattitude:“Goodforyou,ifthat’syourthing,butabitpainfulformytaste.”Afterall,mostpeopledonotmoveabroadoroftenhavecontactwithaforeignculture.Ontheirholiday,theyjustwantabeerandspaghetti（意大利面）.Asaresult,someexpertsareconcernedthatAIisleadingtoadecreasinginterestinlanguagelearning.WriterDouglasHofstadterhasarguedthatsomethingmeaningfulwilldisappearwhenpeoplecommunicatethroughmachines.Hedescribesgivingadisconnected,difficultspeechinChinese,whichrequiredalotofworkbutofferedasenseofachievementattheend.Whowouldboastof（吹嘘）takingahelicoptertothetopofMountEverest（珠穆朗玛峰）?WhileAItranslationseemspractical,wemustrecognizethesocialnatureoflanguage.WhentryingtoaskdirectionsinbrokenJapaneseormakeajokeinawkwardGerman,youaremakingdirectcontactwithsomeone.Thebestrelationshipsdonotrequireathirdparty.26．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestranslationapps?A．Freebuthardtouse. B．Popularbutexpensive.,C．Quickbutwithmistakes. D．Easytousebutslow.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Conversation. B．Languagelearning. C．Messagewriting. D．Translation.28．Whydoesthewritermention“beerandspaghetti”inparagraph3?A．Topresentanopinion. B．Tosupportafact. C．Tomakeanexcuse. D．Togiveareason.29．WhatcanbeinferredfromDouglasHofstadter’sopinion?A．ReachingMountEverestisquiteeasy.B．Learningaforeignlanguageislessattractive.C．Talkingwithoutthehelpoftechnologyisworthwhile.D．Makingaspeechinanotherlanguageistoochallenging.30．Whatisthesocialnatureoflanguage?A．Directconnectionwithpeople. B．Brokenbutfunnytranslation.C．Awkwardrelationsbetweenpeople. D．Communicationwiththethirdparty.CSkillofcopyingandmovingimagesontopaperisanartformshininginhistory,ZhaoXureports.Rubbing,thetracing（描摹）ofcharactersontoapieceofpaper,reacheditsgoldenageduringtheSongDynasty（960-1279）.Todothis,athinpieceofpaperwasplacedoverthesurfaceofthestonetablet（石板）carvedwithcharacters.Thenwater,orlater,ink,wasappliedsmoothlytothebackofthepaperwithjusttherightamountofpressure,tosoftenthepaperandallowforatotalmovingofthedetailsontoit.Thepaperwaslefttodryandthenbeliftedoffthestonesurface,carryingwithitacopyoftheoriginal（原作）.RepeatedhundredsofthousandsoftimesduringtheSongera,thishands-onskillenablededucatedmembersofSongsocietytohaveachancetolearnfrommastercalligraphicworkseitherfromtheirowntimesorfromearlierdynasties.Oftentimes,theoriginalcalligraphy,orevenitsstoneversion,becamelostovertime,thusmakingtherubbingstheonlysurvivingcopyofthemasterworksthathadonceexisted.Inthatsense,theSongrubbings,andthosebehindthem;havehelpedtopreserveaculturalrelicmuchvaluedthenandnow.Now,artlovershavethechancetovisititatanexhibition（展览）heldatBeijing’sPalaceMuseumthemedtheSongrubbings.Ofthe40piecesonshow,20aredrawnfromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum,whichholdsatotalof150Songrubbings.TheotherhalfarelentforthefirsttimebytheArtMuseumoftheChineseUniversityofHongKong（CUHK）,whosecollectionofrubbingsweredonatedbyJ.S.Lee.“Whatwehavehereisnotjustashowcaseofthebeautyofinkandpaper,theartofcalligraphy,carvingandrubbing,butalsothetellingofstoriesshininginculturalprideandcommonspirit,”saidWangXudong,directorofthePalaceMuseum.31．Whatdoweknowaboutrubbing?A．Therewerefivestepstomakearubbing. B．Itmovedcharactersfrompapertoastone.C．ItwaswelldevelopedintheSongDynasty. D．Pressurewasappliedtothepapertosmoothit.32．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thedevelopmentofrubbing. B．Theimportanceofrubbing.C．Theprocessofrubbing. D．Thelossofrubbing.33．Whatdoesparagraph4suggest?A．Altogetherthereare150rubbingsonshow.B．TwentyoftherubbingsweredonatedbyCUHK.C．Sourcesoftheexhibitsarefromtwoorganizations.D．190SongrubbingsarehousedinthePalaceMuseumnow.34．HowdoesWangXudongfeelabouttheexhibition?A．Proud. B．Shocked. C．Thankful. D．Worried.35．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Aresearchpaper. B．Abrochure.C．Aguidebooktoamuseum. D．Asectionofanewspaper.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallwanttokeepfitandstayhealthy,butafewthingsmaypreventit:laziness,abusyschedule,andmaybeevenalimitedspend.36.Youcanevenmakeabitofmoneyonafewoftheseactivities.Babysit.Ifyouhaveyourownkids,you’llprobablyagreethatlookingafterkidscanhelpkeepyoufit.Ifyoudon’t,youcanexperiencethewonderfulworldoftoddlerhoodbyvolunteeringorsigningupforababysittingjob.Thebestagestobabysitarethosetoddleryears（2through5）.Why?37.Careforyouryard.38.Workonyouryardallyearlongandyou’llhavemorethanyourheartgoing—bestexerciseofallistopushthatlawnmower（除草机）aroundespeciallyifyouhavealargelawn.Orevenbetter,putinyourownwastewatersystem.Allthatdiggingshouldbegreatforupperbodystrengthandpatience.39.Haveyoucheckedyourstoreroom,basementandkitchenlately?Well,movingsmallitemsfromtheirstorageareasandturningthemintoboxesforsale,donationpick-upsorjustfurtherstoragewillgetyourbloodexciting.Evenjustpushingaroundadustcleaner,orsweepingyourgaragefloorshouldoilyourjoints（关节）.Usesomeoneelse’ssportsorexerciseequipment（设备）.Haveyoucheckedunderyourbedlately?Allaroundthenation,thereisafloodofunusedexerciseequipmentsittingaroundingaragesandhidinginspareroomsandbasements.40—ifnotatyourownhome,theycouldbesittingsomewhereinafriend’sorrelative’shome,sadlyunused.Itmaybeagoodideatoreusethem.A．BeyourowngardenerB．VolunteerorgetactiveworkC．CleanoutororganizeyourhouseD．Actuallytherearesomefreewaystomoveyourbody!E．Youcouldhavethesethingsrightunderyourverynose.F．Itdoesn’treallytakemuchtogetyourselfintobettershape.G．Inthatcase,youhavetocarry,lift,runandfollowthemaroundallday.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IamoftenaskedhowIlearnedtospeakChinesefluently.41,asanativeEnglishspeaker,learningtospeakintones（音调）wasthe42partaboutlearningChineseforme.To43thetones,IlivedinShanghaifor6months.OnceIwantedtobuya44formymother.Unluckily,thewordsfor“horse”and“mother”areonlydifferentiatedbya45tone.WhenItoldthestoreclerk（店员）Iwantedtobuyagiftformy“horse”,shelookedatmelikeIhadlostmy46.Intheend,she47whatIwastryingtosay,butitwasabitofastruggle.Afterthat,Ilearnedthe48betweenthetwotones.AfterreturningtoEngland,Iboughtawebcameraandfoundmyselfalanguage49bygoingto,whereImetanativespeakerwillingtohelpmelearnChinese.Together,we50speakingChineseforafewhoursperweek.51,Inotonlymasteredmytonesbutlearnedtospeakmore52,justlikeanativespeaker.Inmy53,whenstudyingChineseinanEnglish-speakingenvironment,myclassmatesandIoftenmadea54ofthetoneswhenspeakingtooneanother.Infact,inaChinese-speakingenvironment,the55interactionisofgreatimportanceforflueney,anditseparatestheamateurs（业余爱好者）fromtheexperts.41．A．Hopefully B．Actually C．Surprisingly D．Similarly42．A．main B．best C．basic D．hardest43．A．learn B．match C．lower D．record44．A．horse B．camera C．gift D．dictionary45．A．soft B．formal C．single D．pleasant46．A．mind B．balance C．interest D．confidence47．A．agreedwith B．workedout C．focusedon D．broughtup48．A．clue B．difference C．issue D．importance49．A．test B．learner C．magazine D．partner50．A．suggested B．considered C．practiced D．avoided51．A．Asarule B．Attimes C．Asaresult D．Atfirst52．A．fluently B．openly C．meaningfully D．slowly53．A．heart B．dream C．power D．experience54．A．list B．mess C．habit D．collection55．A．back-to-back B．eye-to-eye C．knee-to-knee D．face-to-face第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Naturaldisastersareoneofthemajor56（problem）facingtheworldtoday,seriouslyaffectingeconomicdevelopmentandthreateningthe57（survive）ofmankind.2023hasbrokentemperaturerecords58seenrecorddroughts,wildfiresandfloodsaroundtheworld.Beijingexperiencedtheheaviestrainfallin140years,causingwidespreadflooding.Heatwaves59（sweep）acrossEuropeandforestfireseruptedinNorthAmerica.Expertswarnthatpoverty（贫困）andinequalityareworseningthesedisasters.Peopleinthepoorestareasareoften60greatestriskfromextremeweather.Theymayliveinplaces61aremorelikelytobeharmedbyfloodinganddrought.Theyhave62（few）resourcestodealwithdamageandtorecoverfromit.Asaresult,theysuffer63（extreme）afterdisastersstrikeandmaybepushedfurtherintopoverty.Fightinginequalityforaresilient（韧性）futureisthethemeof2023InternationalDayforDisasterRiskReduction.UNSecretary-GeneralAntónioGuterresmadeaproposalthatcountriesshouldworktogether64（break）thecycleofpovertyandthateverypersononEarthshould65（cover）byanearlywarningsystemby2027.第四部分课内知识（共三节，满分25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，替换句中划线部分，使之意思一致。提醒：请将所选答案对应的字母序号，填涂到答题卡相应位置。A．preventB．effortsC．adapttoD．intendE．sufferingfromF．promoteG．equalsH．demandI．rescuedJ．establishing66．Thechildwassavedfromtheruinsbyayoungsoldieraftertheflood.67．Despitealittleprogress,thegovernmentdoesnotplantostoptheprotectionprogrammes.68．Twoplusfourisexactlythesameassix.69．IfI’mtalkingtosomeonewhoisn’tveryclosetome,Imustavoidmakingastrongrequest.70．Inordertostopthelossofculturalsitesfromhappening,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelp.71．ThepurposeofthecampistomakeMountTaimorepopularbyintroducingittoyoungpeopleinafunandeasyway.72．AnewTangshanwasbuiltwithstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthepeople’stirelessattemptstododifficultthings.73．Thescientistsuggestedsettingupacommitteeofexpertstopreservetheculturalheritage.74．Manyanimalscannotget