2024-2025学年江苏省常州市高三上学期期中质量调研英语试卷（含解析）

常州市2024-2025学年第一学期高三期中质量调研英语2024年11月第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFrequentlyaskedquestionsDon’tseewhatyou’relookingfor?Dropusalineatmembers@WhatisincludedinaTEDMembership?TEDMembersgetavarietyofexcitingbenefits,allwhilesupportingTED’smissiontomakeideasaccessibletoeveryone.Here’swhat’sincludedwithaTEDMembership:·LiveTEDSpeakerconversationswithopportunitiestoaskquestions·High-qualityrecordings:specialaccesstopasteventswhenyoucan’tattendlive·Ad-freeTEDpodcast(播客)experiences·SpecialaccesstonewTEDofferingsandevents:deals,discounts,andbeingthefirstinline△MemberscanviewtheirbenefitswhenloggedintoTED.combyclickingthe“MyMembership”button.AreTEDMembereventsin-personorremote?Fornowallofourliveeventsarevirtualsoyoucanaccessthemfromanywhereintheworld!HowdoIknowmyTEDMembershipisactivated(激活)?Themembershipwillstartonthedayitispurchased.Duringcheckout,youwillbeaskedtoeitherconnectyourexistingfreeTED.comaccountorcreateone.Connectingyourlogintoyourpurchaseiscriticaltoaccessmemberbenefitsandsubscribeorunsubscribe.Domembershipsexpire(失效)?No.Allmembershipsarepaidonarecurringbasis.Ifyouboughtanannualmembership,itwillautomaticallyreneweachyearfromthedateyoupurchasedit.Ifyouboughtamonthlymembership,itwillautomaticallyreneweachmonth.1.WhatcanyouenjoywithaTEDmembership?A.ChancestotalktoTEDspeakers. B.TherighttosellTEDrecordings.C.ChancestoplaceadsinTEDpodcasts. D.TherighttoattendTEDeventsforfree.2.YoucangetaTEDmembershipsolongasyou______.A.askforitatmembers@ B.paysomemoneyforitC.helpspreadTEDideas D.purchaseaTED.comaccount3WhatdoweknowaboutaTEDmembership?A.Itmustbeusedforin-personevents. B.Ittakeseffectfromthenextdayitisbought.C.Itisactivatedautomatically. D.Itwillcontinuebyitselfunlessunsubscribed.BHanKang,theSouthKoreanauthorbestknownforherextraordinarynovel,“TheVegetarian,”wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureonThursday-thefirstwriterfromhercountrytoreceivetheaward.MatsMalm,thepermanentsecretaryoftheSwedishAcademy,whichorganizestheprize,saidatanewsconferenceinStockholmthatHanwasreceivingthehonor“forherintensepoeticwritingthatbravelydiscusseshistoricaleventsandexposesthefragilityofhumanlife.”Han,53,wasbornin1970inGwangju,SouthKorea.Herfatherwasalsoanovelist,butmuchlesssuccessful.Thefamilystruggledfinanciallyandmovedfrequently.Ina2016interviewwithTheTimes,Hansaidherchildhoodexperience“wastoomuchforalittlechild,butIwasallrightbecauseIwassurroundedbybooks.”WhenHanwas9,herfamilymovedtoSeouljustmonthsbeforetheGwangjuuprising(起义),whengovernmentarmyfiredoncrowdsofprotesters,killinghundreds.Theeventshapedherviewsonhumanity’scapacityforviolence,Hansaidinthe2016interview.Shealsorecalledseeingimagesofpeoplewholineduptodonatetheirbloodtothosewhowereinjuredintheuprising.“Itwasliketwounsolvableriddlesimprintedonmymind:Howcanhumansbesoviolent,andhowcanhumansbesonoble?”shesaid.“WhenIwritenovels,Ifindmyselfalwaysreturningtothethemeofwhatitmeanstobehuman.”HanstudiedliteratureatYonseiUniversityinKorea,andherfirstpublishedworkswerepoems.Herfirstnovel,“BlackDeer,”whichcameoutin1998,wasamysteryaboutamissingwoman.Inthe2016interview,Hansaiditwasaroundthattimethatshedevelopedtheideaforashortstoryaboutawomanwhobecomesaplant,whichsheeventuallydevelopedinto“TheVegetarian.”4.WhatareHan’snovelsthemedat?A.Politicalsystems. B.Financialstruggle. C.Humannature D.Culturalconflicts.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutHan’schildhoodfromparagraph3?A.Father’ssuccess:inspiredher. B.Economicdifficultystrengthenedher.C.Frequentmovedestroyedher. D.Thehabitofreadingcomfortedher.6.WhydoestheauthormentiontheGwangjuuprising?A.Toindicatetheimportanceofhistory. B.ToshowitsinfluenceonHan’swriting.C.Torevealthecrueltyofpolitics. D.TostressitsimpactonKoreanpeople’slife.7.Whatis“TheVegetarian”mainlyabout?A.Adeer. B.Awoman. C.Aplant. D.Avegetable.CBritishandAmericanEnglishhavemutually(相互的)influencedeachotherforcenturies,butthereactionstotheselinguistic(语言的)exchangesaredifferentonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.BritishintellectualsoftencomplainaboutAmericanisms,suchas“24/7”or“touchbase”,whichareviewedasanattackatthepurityofBritishEnglish.However,asBenYagodadiscussesinGobsmacked!AmericanshappilyadoptBritishisms.Wordslike“cheeky”and“dodgy”haveenteredtheAmericanvocabulary,oftenthroughmedialikeTheCrown.ThisflowofBritishtermstotheU.S.hasgonemostlyunnoticed,thoughBritishpeopleremaincriticalofAmericanism.Yagodatracesthehistoryofthisexchange,notingthatmanyBritishtermshaveexistedinAmericanlanguageovertheyears.Forinstance,militaryslang(俚语)fromBritishsoldiers,suchas“bonkers”or“cushy,”becamecommoninAmericanEnglishduringtheearly20thcentury.TheriseoftheInternethasonlyexpeditedthisexchange,withBritishphrasesnowappearingregularlyinAmericanmedia.DespitethefrequentadoptionofBritishismsbyAmericans,theoppositeexchange-BritsacceptingAmericanisms-receivesfarmorecriticism.Britishcommentators,likeSimonHeffer,describethespreadofAmericanslangasa“linguisticpollution,”criticizingitsinfluenceonBritishEnglish.ShowslikeFriendsareoftenblamedfortheriseofAmericanphrasesinBritishspeech,like“CanIget...?”incoffeeshops.WhileBritishtermsareoftenseenasattractiveintheU.S.,AmericanismstendtobeperceivednegativelyinBritain,withlistshighlightingthings“Americanssaywrong.”Intheend,thislinguisticexchangerevealsbroaderculturaldynamics.BritishcriticsmightviewAmericanismsascrude(粗俗的),whileAmericansdelightintheperceivedsuperiorityandquirkinessofBritishslang.Bothcountriescontinuetoshapeeachother’slanguage,whetherthroughmedia,travel,ordigitalcommunication,reflectingacomplexrelationshipbetweenthetwonations’linguisticidentities.8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheglobalimpactofAmericanismsonBritishEnglish.B.ThereasonforBritishslang’swinningoverAmericans.C.MutuallinguisticinfluencebetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish.D.ThedeclineofBritishEnglishinAmerica.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“expedited”mostprobablymean?A.Speededup. B.Accepted. C.Broughtback. D.Challenged.10.Whatis“CanIget...?”incoffeeshopsviewedasinBritisheyes?A.Simple. B.Humorous. C.Unique. D.Crude.11.Whatdoestheauthoragreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Languageandculturearemutuallyconnected.B.BritishEnglishissuperior,toAmericanEnglish.C.BothEnglisheswillbecomemorecomplicated.D.AmericaandBritainhaveacomplexrelationship.DAnewlypublishedstudyfindsthereareimportantdistinctionsinhowmenandwomenexperiencepain.AccordingtothestudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchoolofMedicine,menandwomenusedifferentbiologicalmechanisms(机制)forpainrelief.Thisresearchwasdesignedtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofmeditation(冥想)forchronic(长期的)backpainandcombineddatafromtwoclinicaltrialsinvolvingatotalof98participantsthatincludedbothhealthyindividualsandthosewithchronicbackpain.Participantsexperiencedameditationtrainingprogramandpracticedmeditationwhilereceivingeithersomenaloxone,adrugthatstopsopioids(类罂粟碱)fromworking,oraplacebo(无效的替代品)ofnaloxone.Participantsweregivenapainfulbutharmlessheatstimulus(刺激)tothebackoftheirleg.Researchersthenmeasuredandcomparedhowmuchpainreliefwasexperiencedfrommeditationwhentheopioidsystemwasblockedandwhenitwasfullyfunctional.Thestudyfound:●Blockingtheopioidsystemwithnaloxoneinhibited(抑制)meditation-basedpainreliefinmen,suggestingthatmenrelyonopioidstoreducepain.●Naloxoneincreasedmeditation-basedpainreliefinwomen,suggestingthatwomenrelyonnon-opioidmechanismstoreducepain.●Inbothmenandwomen,thosewithchronicpainexperiencedmorepainrelieffrommeditationthanthehealthyparticipantsdid.Opioidsarethebody’snaturalpainkillers.Thesenaturallyoccurringsubstancesbindtoopioidreceptorsinthebraintoreducetheperceptionofpain.Incontrast,painreliefforwomenappearstousealternative,non-opioidpathways,suggestingthatwomenmakelessuseofthebody’sinternalopioidsforpainrelief.Chronicpaintreatmenthastraditionallyfollowedarelativelystandardizedapproach,butifmenandwomenusedifferentbiologicalpathwaysforpainrelief,itmakessensetheymightrequiremoresex-specificapproachestotreatment.Thisstudyprovidesclearevidencethatsex-baseddifferencesinpainprocessingarerealandneedtobeconsideredwhendevelopingtreatmentsandrecommendingmedicinesforpain.12.Whatisthebesttitleforthisarticle?A.NewResearchProvesMeditationIneffectiveforChronicPain.B.NewResearchFindsWomenExperienceMoreChronicPain.C.NewResearchConfirmsMenandWomenProcessPainDifferently.D.NewResearchSuggestsStandardizedApproachtoPainRelief.13.Whatdidalltheparticipantsintheresearchexperience?A.Meditation. B.Drugs. C.Harmintheleg. D.Chronicbackpain.14.Whatcanweknowfromthefinding?A.Blockingtheopioidsystemhelpsmenreducepain.B.Womendependonopioidstoreducepain.C.Menusebody’sinternalopioidforpainrelief.D.Meditationworksbettertohealthy,menthanwomen.15.Whatofthestudydoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A.Condition. B.Limitation. C.Conclusion. D.Implication.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。Haveyoueverwishedtherewereamagicmethodtomakelearningeasierandmoreefficient?___16___NamedafteraNobelwinnerinphysicsknownforsimplifyingcomplexideas,thismethodcanhelpyouunlockyourpotentialandgainadeepunderstandingofvarioustopics.Step1:Startbygettingablanksheetofpaper.Writedowneverythingyoualreadyknowaboutatopic.Thisservesasyourinitialknowledgebase.Asyoudivedeeperintothetopic,continuetoaddnewinformationandinsightstoyoursheet.Bepatientduringthisprocess.___17___Step2:Explainyourtopicinawaythata12-year-oldchildcouldunderstand.___18___Beginbysimplifyingyournotes.It’seasytocomplicateasubject.However,thetruechallenge,andthetruedemonstrationofunderstanding,isinsimplification.Onlysomeonewhotrulycomprehendsasubjectcanbreakitdownintoitssimplestterms,makingitaccessibletopeopleofallages.Step3:Writedownyourexplanations.Itisapowerfultoolinthelearningprocess.Thisactivityfacilitatesreflection,throughwhichweidentifyareaswherefurtherlearningisneeded.Thelearningprocessisiterative(迭代的).Neverhesitatetogobacktothesourcematerials,especiallythepartsyoudon’tfullygraspyet.___19___Repeatthisprocessuntilyourexplanationsaresimpleandclear.Step4:Savethepagewhereyouhavedocumentedsimplifiedexplanations.Thisisanimportantstep,asthisdocumentwillserveasavaluablereferenceinthefuture.Byapplyingthistechniquetoallnewconceptsyoulearn,youwillgraduallybuildupacomprehensivefolder(文件夹)ofknowledge.___20___Thisway,notonlywillyoubestrengtheningwhatyouhavelearned,butyouwillalsohavethechancetoimproveyourunderstandingovertime.A.Thisisaneffectivetestofyourunderstanding.B.LooknofurtherthantheFeynmanTechnique.C.Learningisnotarace,butajourneyofdiscovery.D.Makeitahabittoreviewthisfolderafewtimesayear.E.Thisfoldercontainsotherpeople’scomplicatedexplanations.F.Reviewtheseparts,reflectonthem,andimproveyourunderstanding.G.TheFeynmantechniquebreaksthelearningprocessintofourbroadsteps.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasdismissedfromahigh-techcompany.Iwasangry,asIhadbeendoingagoodjobaccordingtomylastevaluation.Butthiswas____21____!Ihadtofindanewjob.Ididthe____22____resume(简历)thing,butfailed.Againandagain.Thenamantoldmeaboutagovernmentretrainingprogram.“The____23____willpayforthejoblesstogotoanursingschool.Ifyou’reinterested,goseeMr.Hill.He’s____24____.”“Imustforgetaboutthepastand____25____mymind,”Isaidtomyself.Thenextday,IfoundMr.Hill’sofficebutwas____26____tothecounseling(咨询)officeafterhetoldmewhatthefirstmanhadsaid.Thefellowthere____27____whatMr.Hillhadtoldmeandtookmetoanotheroffice,whereIwastoldthesamething.Ineededabreathof____28____air,soIsteppedoutsideintothewarmsunshine.____29____ranthroughmyhead:Donotgiveup.Don’tletthosepeople_____30_____you.My_____31_____inthebusinessworldtoldmetogotothepersonatthetop.Ifoundthenursingofficeand_____32_____wasledtotheheadofthenursingschool.Fifteenminutesintothe_____33_____,shesaid,“Beheretomorrowmorning,9:00sharp!”Attendingcollegefull-timefortwoyearswithnoincomewasn’t_____34_____.However,Igraduatedwithadegreeandacquireda(n)careerthatallowedmeto_____35_____almostanywhereintheworld.Allittookwasanopenmind,faithinmyself,andmotivation.21.A.faith B.culture C.life D.time22.A.average B.usual C.equal D.strange23.A.headmaster B.nurse C.company D.government24.A.incharge B.introuble C.onguard D.onbusiness25.A.makeup B.openup C.agreewith D.dealwith26.A.forced B.guided C.carried D.driven27.A.repeated B.twisted C.admired D.criticized28.A.warm B.clean C.fresh D.wet29.A.Memories B.Thoughts C.Opinions D.Attitudes30.A.recognize B.astonish C.inspire D.discourage31.A.confidence B.concern C.experience D.determination32.A.eventually B.unluckily C.unwillingly D.frequently33.A.investigation B.contest C.discussion D.interview34.A.funny B.easy C.effective D.valuable35.A.work B.wander C.protest D.study第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yinandyang,oryin-yang,isacomplexrelationalconceptinChinesephilosophy,____36____(date)back3,000years,tothe9thcenturyB.C.Brieflyput,themeaningofyinandyangis____37____theuniverseisgovernedbysetsoftwo____38____(oppose)andinterdependentprinciplesorenergiesthatcanbeobservedinnature.Generallyspeaking,yinischaracterized____39____aninwardenergythatisfemale,cold,dark,andnegative,whileyangisanoutwardenergythatismale,hot,bright,andpositive.Yinandyangelementscomeinpairs—suchasthemoonandthesun,femaleandmale,darkandbright,coldandhot,passiveandactive,andsoon—____40____notethatyinandyangformtheunityofopposites,neitherofwhichcanexistindependentof____41____other.Theyareinterdependentand____42____(constant);transformingintoeachother.Ifyinisgetting____43____(strong),yangwillbeweaker,andviceversa.Inotherwords,yinelementscancontaincertainpartsofyang,andyangcanhavesomepartsofyin.Thisbalanceofyinandyangisbelieved____44____(exist)ineverything.Theidea_____45_____(influence)Chinesephilosophersforthousandsofyears,includingLaoTzuandConfucius.ItunderliesAsianmartialarts,medicine,science,literature,politics,dailybehaviorandbeliefs.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.学校英文报正在征文，要求描述一次在实践中学习的难忘经历，如理科在实验室上课、文科在运用中学习等。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：(1)学习过程；(2)你的感想。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请在答题纸相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Tothisday,Idon’tknowwhyRosaliewassomeantome.Shenevermissedanopportunitytolaughatme,oreventhreatenme.Iwouldhearherjeering(嘲讽的)wordswhenIwalkedouttocatchthebushome.IcouldfeeltheheatofherstarewhenIbentinmyseatinthecafeteriaandavoidedlookinganywherenearherdirection.Iwassomewhatterrifiedofher.IknewIhadtotakeaction,buthow?Iwasoneofthosequiet,timid(胆小的)seventhgraderswhotalkednon-stopathomebutwouldn’tsaytwowordsatschool.HowcouldIbreaktheice?Myfamilylivedinasmalltownofaboutthreethousandpeople,anditseemedthatmydadkneweverysingleoneofthem.Whatwasevenmoreastonishingwasthateveryoneseemedtoknowhim.Oneday,Iaskedmymomhowthiswaspossible.Shethoughtforawhileandthensaid,“Well,Jenn,yourdadneverletsanyonestayastranger.Hetalkstoeveryonehesees,andthenhegivesthemthatbigsmileofhis.Iguessit’sinfectiousbecausepeoplejustlovehim.”Mother’swordssetmethinking.Icouldsmile.Imean,everyonecoulddothat,right?Idecidedtotryitout.IwouldtakemyexperimentstraighttoRosalie.Thenextmorning,Ididn’thearasinglewordmymathteachersaidinthefourthperiodbecauseIwastoobusythinkingaboutwhatIwasabouttodo.Finally,thebellrang.Igatheredmybooks,slippedthemintothelockerandheadedtothecafeteria.Myheartwaspoundinginmychest,andmyhandsweresweaty.IranmytongueovermyteeththatfeltdryerthantheMojaveDesert.ThenIdidapracticesmilethatIwassurelookedmorelikeagrimace(苦相).Itookadeepbreathandstruggledtomyfeettokeepmovingforward.注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)所给开头两段如下：Para1:IsawRosalieinthedistancecomingtowardme,lookingasmeanasever.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2:Thethirdday,unlikethefirsttwotimes,shegavemealittlehalf-smile.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案2024年11月【答案】1.A2.B3.D1题】细节理解题。根据WhatisincludedinaTEDMembership?部分中“LiveTEDSpeakerconversationswithopportunitiestoaskquestions(现场TED演讲者对话，并有机会提问)”可知，作为TED会员，你能享受到与TED演讲者交谈的机会。故选A。【2题】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Themembershipwillstartonthedayitispurchased.(会员资格从购买之日起生效。)”可知，只要你付一些钱，就可以获得TED会员资格。故选B。【3题】细节理解题。根据Domembershipsexpire(失效)?部分中“No.Allmembershipsarepaidonarecurringbasis.Ifyouboughtanannualmembership,itwillautomaticallyreneweachyearfromthedateyoupurchasedit.Ifyouboughtamonthlymembership,itwillautomaticallyreneweachmonth.(不。所有的会员都是定期支付的。如果你购买了年度会员，它会从你购买之日起每年自动更新。如果你买的是月费会员，它会自动每月更新。)”可知，TED会员除非取消订阅，否则将自行续约。故选D。【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.B4题】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“MatsMalm,thepermanentsecretaryoftheSwedishAcademy,whichorganizestheprize,saidatanewsconferenceinStockholmthatHanwasreceivingthehonor“forherintensepoeticwritingthatbravelydiscusseshistoricaleventsandexposesthefragilityofhumanlife.”(组织该奖项的瑞典文学院常任秘书马茨·马尔姆在斯德哥尔摩的新闻发布会上说，韩江获奖“是因为她激烈的诗歌写作，勇敢地讨论历史事件，暴露了人类生活的脆弱”。)”和倒数第二段中“WhenIwritenovels,Ifindmyselfalwaysreturningtothethemeofwhatitmeanstobehuman.(当我写小说时，我发现自己总是回到作为人类意味着什么的主题上。)”可知，韩江的小说主题聚焦于人性。故选C。【5题】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Ina2016interviewwithTheTimes,Hansaidherchildhoodexperience“wastoomuchforalittlechild,butIwasallrightbecauseIwassurroundedbybooks.”(在2016年接受《纽约时报》采访时，韩女士表示，她的童年经历“对一个小孩子来说太多了，但我还好，因为我被书包围了。”)”可知，书籍成为了她童年时期的慰藉。故选D。【6题】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Theeventshapedherviewsonhumanity’scapacityforviolence,Hansaidinthe2016interview.Shealsorecalledseeingimagesofpeoplewholineduptodonatetheirbloodtothosewhowereinjuredintheuprising.(她在2016年的采访中说，这件事塑造了她对人类暴力能力的看法。她还回忆起看到人们排队为在起义中受伤的人献血的画面。)”可知，提到光州起义是为了展示这一事件对韩江写作的影响。故选B。【7题】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Inthe2016interview,Hansaiditwasaroundthattimethatshedevelopedtheideaforashortstoryaboutawomanwhobecomesaplant,whichsheeventuallydevelopedinto“TheVegetarian.”(在2016年的采访中，韩江说，大约在那个时候，她萌生了写一个关于一个女人变成一株植物的短篇故事的想法，她最终把这个故事写成了《素食者》。)”可知，《素食者》主要是关于一个变成植物的女人的故事。故选B。【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A【8题】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“BritishandAmericanEnglishhavemutually(相互的)influencedeachotherforcenturies,butthereactionstotheselinguistic(语言的)exchangesaredifferentonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.(几个世纪以来，英国英语和美国英语相互影响，但大西洋两岸对这些语言交流的反应却不同。)”可知，文章主要讲述了英国英语和美国英语之间的相互影响。故选C。【9题】词句猜测题。由第二段中“TheriseoftheInternethasonlyexpeditedthisexchange,withBritishphrasesnowappearingregularlyinAmericanmedia.(互联网的兴起只是expedited这种交流，英国短语现在经常出现在美国媒体上。)”可知，英国短语现在经常出现在美国媒体中，互联网的兴起只是加速了这种交流。所以expedited在此处的意思是“加速了”。A.Speededup加快速度；B.Accepted接受；C.Broughtback带回来；D.Challenged受到挑战。故选A。【10题】推理判断题。由第三段“DespitethefrequentadoptionofBritishismsbyAmericans,theoppositeexchange-BritsacceptingAmericanisms-receivesfarmorecriticism.Britishcommentators,likeSimonHeffer,describethespreadofAmericanslangasa“linguisticpollution,”criticizingitsinfluenceonBritishEnglish.ShowslikeFriendsareoftenblamedfortheriseofAmericanphrasesinBritishspeech,like“CanIget...?”incoffeeshops.WhileBritishtermsareoftenseenasattractiveintheU.S.,AmericanismstendtobeperceivednegativelyinBritain,withlistshighlightingthings“Americanssaywrong.”(尽管美国人经常采用英式英语，但相反的交流——英国人接受美式英语——却受到了更多的批评。西蒙·赫弗等英国评论家将美国俚语的传播描述为“语言污染”，批评它对英式英语的影响。像《老友记》这样的美剧常常被认为是英式语言中出现美式短语的罪魁祸首，比如“CanIget…？”在咖啡店里。虽然英式词汇在美国通常被认为很有吸引力，但美式词汇在英国往往被认为是负面的，其中列出了“美国人说错的地方”。)”可知，虽然英国词汇在美国通常被视为有吸引力，但美国词汇在英国往往被负面看待，有列表会强调“美国人说错的话”，比如咖啡店中的“CanIget…?”。因此，在英国人眼中，“CanIget…?”被视为粗俗的。故选D。【11题】推理判断题。由最后一段中“Intheend,thislinguisticexchangerevealsbroaderculturaldynamics.(最后，这种语言交流揭示了更广泛的文化动态。)”和“Bothcountriescontinuetoshapeeachother’slanguage,whetherthroughmedia,travel,ordigitalcommunication,reflectingacomplexrelationshipbetweenthetwonations’linguisticidentities.(无论是通过媒体、旅游还是数字通信，两国都在继续塑造彼此的语言，这反映了两国语言身份之间的复杂关系。)”可知，语言交流揭示了更广泛的文化动态，作者同意语言和文化是相互联系的这一观点。故选A。【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【12题】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Anewlypublishedstudyfindsthereareimportantdistinctionsinhowmenandwomenexperiencepain.(一项新发表的研究发现，男性和女性在感受疼痛方面存在重要差异。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于男女疼痛处理机制差异的研究，揭示了性别在慢性疼痛治疗中的不同需求。因此，最适合这篇文章的标题是“NewResearchConfirmsMenandWomenProcessPainDifferently(新研究证实男性和女性处理疼痛的方式不同)”。故选C。【13题】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Participantsexperiencedameditationtrainingprogramandpracticedmeditationwhilereceivingeithersomenaloxone,adrugthatstopsopioids(类罂粟碱)fromworking,oraplacebo(无效的替代品)ofnaloxone.(参与者在接受纳洛酮（一种阻止阿片类药物起作用的药物）或纳洛酮安慰剂的同时，经历了冥想训练项目和冥想练习。)”可知，所有参与研究的人都经历了冥想训练。故选A。【14题】细节理解题。由文章第五段“Blockingtheopioidsystemwithnaloxoneinhibited(抑制)meditation-basedpainreliefinmen,suggestingthatmenrelyonopioidstoreducepain.(用纳洛酮阻断阿片类系统抑制男性以冥想为基础的疼痛缓解，表明男性依赖阿片类药物来减轻疼痛。)”可知，男性使用身体的内部阿片类物质来缓解疼痛。故选C。【15题】主旨大意题。由文章最后一段中“Chronicpaintreatmenthastraditionallyfollowedarelativelystandardizedapproach,butifmenandwomenusedifferentbiologicalpathwaysforpainrelief,itmakessensetheymightrequiremoresex-specificapproachestotreatment.(慢性疼痛的治疗传统上遵循相对标准化的方法，但如果男性和女性使用不同的生物途径来缓解疼痛，那么他们可能需要更多针对性别的治疗方法。)”可知，最后一段讨论了这项研究的意义，即如果男性和女性使用不同的生物途径来缓解疼痛，那么他们可能需要更多针对性别的治疗方法。因此，最后一段谈论的是这项研究的意义或启示。故选D。【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.F20.D【16题】根据上文“Haveyoueverwishedtherewereamagicmethodtomakelearningeasierandmoreefficient?(你是否曾希望有一种神奇的方法能让学习变得更轻松高效？)”和下文“NamedafteraNobelwinnerinphysicsknownforsimplifyingcomplexideas,thismethodcanhelpyouunlockyourpotentialandgainadeepunderstandingofvarioustopics.(以诺贝尔物理学奖得主的名字命名，以简化复杂的思想而闻名，这种方法可以帮助你释放你的潜力，并深入了解各种主题。)”可知，上文提出了一个问题，即是否曾希望有一种神奇的方法能让学习变得更轻松高效，下文介绍了让学习变得更轻松高效的费曼技巧，这是一种有效的方法。因此，空处应该引出费曼技巧。B选项“LooknofurtherthantheFeynmanTechnique.(不妨看看费曼技巧)”直接引出了费曼技巧，能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题】根据上文“Step1:Startbygettingablanksheetofpaper.Writedowneverythingyoualreadyknowaboutatopic.Thisservesasyourinitialknowledgebase.Asyoudivedeeperintothetopic,continuetoaddnewinformationandinsightstoyoursheet.Bepatientduringthisprocess.(第一步：先找一张白纸。写下你已经知道的关于一个话题的一切。这将作为您的初始知识库。随着你对主题的深入了解，继续向你的表格中添加新的信息和见解。在这个过程中要有耐心。)”可知，上文提到开始学习一个主题时，要耐心地写下已知信息和新学到的信息。因此，空处应该强调在这个过程中的耐心态度。C选项“Learningisnotarace,butajourneyofdiscovery.(学习不是比赛，而是一场探索之旅)”强调了学习是一个需要耐心的过程，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。【18题】根据上文“Step2:Explainyourtopicinawaythata12-year-oldchildcouldunderstand.(第二步：用一个12岁的孩子都能理解的方式来解释你的主题。)”和下文“Beginbysimplifyingyournotes.It’seasytocomplicateasubject.However,thetruechallenge,andthetruedemonstrationofunderstanding,isinsimplification.Onlysomeonewhotrulycomprehendsasubjectcanbreakitdownintoitssimplestterms,makingitaccessibletopeopleofallages.(从简化你的笔记开始。把一个问题复杂化是很容易的。然而，真正的挑战和理解的真正体现是简化。只有真正理解一门学科的人才能把它分解成最简单的术语，让所有年龄段的人都能理解。)”可知，上文提到了第二步是像向12岁孩子解释一样简化主题。下文接着说简化笔记，说明解释过程的挑战性。因此，空处应该说明解释过程对于检验理解的重要性。A选项“Thisisaneffectivetestofyourunderstanding.(这是对你理解的有效测试)”强调了解释对于检验理解的重要性，能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。【19题】根据上文“Step3:Writedownyourexplanations.Itisapowerfultoolinthelearningprocess.Thisactivityfacilitatesreflection,throughwhichweidentifyareaswherefurtherlearningisneeded.Thelearningprocessisiterative(迭代的).Neverhesitateto