2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6Spaceandbeyond预习新知早知道1教用文档教案外研版选择性必修第四册

PAGEUnit6SpaceandbeyondⅠ.匹配词义A．单词匹配()1.accustomed A．n.概念；观点；看法()2.notion B．adv.瞬间地()3.hazardous C．adj.习惯的；通常的；惯常的()4.shuttle D．v.重新激起，重新唤起()5.excursion E．adj.危急的，担心全的()6.rekindle F．n.航天飞机()7.tragically G．n.(有特定目的的)短途出行()8.instantaneously H．adv.凄惨地，不幸地[答案]1－5CAEFG6－8DHBB．短语匹配()1.castashadowon A．在火车(或轮船、飞机)上()2.onboard B．习惯于（做）某事()3.setfooton C．踏上；登上()4.becomeaccustomedto... D．给……蒙上阴影()5.tunein E．收听；收看[答案]1－5DACBEⅡ.默写单词1．unexceptionaladj. 平常的2．shadown. 坏影响，阴影3．screamv. (因难受、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫4．suspendv. 暂停，中止5．crewn. (飞机上的)全体机组人员Ⅰ.语境填词accustomed；reachforthestars；shadow；tookoff；crew；castashadowon；unexceptional；screamed；calledto；aresuspended1．Hisfacewasdeepinshadow．2．Thefansscreamedwithexcitementwhentheysawhim.3．Thecrewoftheflightdidagoodjoblandingtheplanesafely.4．Railservicesaresuspendedindefinitelybecauseofthestrike.5．Hedidn'twanttocastashadowontheirhappiness.6．Doyouknowwhattheoppositeofunexceptionalis?7．Theplanetookoffanhourlatebecauseofbadweather.8．Hewasapersonaccustomedtohavingeighthours'sleepanight.9．Shecalledtoherfatherforhelp.10．Thephrase“reachforthestars”meansthatsomeonehashighorambitiousaims.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Hewasendlesslykindandpatient(patience)withchildren.2．Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies，ourteachershelpuspatiently(patient)．3．Hisactionswerebasedonafalseassumption(assume)．4．Assuming(assume)he'sstillalive，howoldwouldhebenow?5．Thisisitsnotional(notion)explanation：theconditionofcreditor'srightsdebt?6．Myeyesslowlygrewaccustomed(accustom)tothedark.7．Tragically(tragic)，hiswifewaskilledinacaraccident.8.Shadowy(shadow)figuresapproachedthemoutofthefog.9．Bothpoetsdrewtheirinspiration(inspire)fromthecountryside.10．Theword“unexceptional”(exceptional)meansnotinterestingorunusual.1．WithArmstrong'snowfamouswords“That'sonesmallstepforman，onegiantleapformankind”，whathadoncebeenconsideredimpossiblehadnowbeenachieved.随着阿姆斯特朗那句至今仍旧闻名的话“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾经被认为不行能的事情现在已经做到了。2．Theworldwentintoshock,mostpeoplehavingassumedthatthisspaceflightwouldbenomoredangerousthantravellinginanaeroplane.全世界陷入震惊，大多数人原来认为这次太空飞行会和乘一般飞机旅行一样平安。3．...theytaketheirplacealongsidetheotherheroesofspaceexploration，suchasGagarin，Tereshkova，ArmstrongandYangLiwei.……但他们与加加林、特列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等同属太空探究的英雄。4．Thememoryofthosesevenwillliveforever，writteninthestars，inspiringustojointheminhumanity'sgreatestjourneyofexplorationanddiscovery.那七个人将恒久被我们牢记，他们的名字已写在星星上，激励我们与他们一道去做人类最宏大的探究和发觉之旅。5．ThesacrificeoftheChallengercallstous，remindingusthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestars，nomatterhowdistanttheymightseem.“挑战者号”做出的牺牲呼喊着我们，提示我们必需接着努力进星太空探究，不管它们看起来有多么遥远。词汇积累①setfooton踏上；登上②becomeaccustomedto习惯于（做某事）③notionn．概念；观点；看法④lunaradj.月球的；月亮的；阴历的⑤beawareof意识到，知道⑥arduousadj.艰苦的；艰难的⑦hazardousadj.危急的，担心全的⑧undertakingn．(重大或艰难的)任务，项目⑨gowrong(状况)出岔子，出差错⑩makeit(刚好)到达(尤指来得及做某事)；刚好赶上参与；(经验艰难困苦后)胜利⑪unexceptionaladj.平常的；乏味的⑫innovationn．(新事物、思想或方法的)创建；创新⑬succeedv．胜利；接替；继任；随后出现⑭replacev．代替；取代⑮takeoffv．(飞机)起飞⑯involvedadj.参与；作为一部分⑰tuneintosth.收听/收看⑱beabouttodosth.刚要做某事；即将⑲demonstratev．证明；证明⑳objectiven．目标；目的adj.客观的eq\o(○,\s\up4(21))communicatev．(与某人)沟通(信息或消息、看法等)；传达，传递(想法、感情、思想等)eq\o(○,\s\up4(22))asenseof……的感觉eq\o(○,\s\up4(23))rekindlev．重新激起；重新唤起eq\o(○,\s\up4(24))mighthavedonesth.过去本可以做了某事eq\o(○,\s\up4(25))onboard在火车(或轮船、飞机)上eq\o(○,\s\up4(26))assumev．假定；假设；认为eq\o(○,\s\up4(27))no＋比较级＋than两者都不……eq\o(○,\s\up4(28))castashadowon给……蒙上阴影eq\o(○,\s\up4(29))patiencen．耐性patientn．病人adj.耐性的patientlyadv.耐性地eq\o(○,\s\up4(30))suspendv．暂停，中止；悬挂eq\o(○,\s\up4(31))componentn．组成部分；成分；部件eq\o(○,\s\up4(32))doubtn．怀疑；疑问eq\o(○,\s\up4(33))resumev．重新起先eq\o(○,\s\up4(34))lossn．丢失；损失ataloss不知所措；亏本eq\o(○,\s\up4(35))takeone'splace就座；取得地位eq\o(○,\s\up4(36))inspirev．激励；鼓舞inspirationn．灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)；使人产生动机的人(或事物)；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)eq\o(○,\s\up4(37))reachforthestars探究星空；到达星际原文呈现TheCalloftheChallengerEversinceNeilArmstrongfirstsetfooton①theMoonbackon20July1969，peoplehavebecomeaccustomedto②thenotion③ofspacetravel.Millionswatchedthatfirstlunar④landingonblackandwhitetelevisionsets，theirheartsintheirmouths[1]，awareof⑤howarduous⑥andhazardous⑦anundertaking⑧itwas，andofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong⑨.WithArmstrong'snowfamouswords“That'sonesmallstepforman，onegiantleapformankind”，whathadoncebeenconsideredimpossiblehadnowbeenachieved.Guidedbyacomputerthatwasmuchlesspowerfulthantheonesusedbytoday'saverageschoolstudents，allthreeastronautsoftheApollo11missionmadeit⑩safelybacktoEarth.[1]画线部分为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。FollowingtheMoonlandings，spacetravelrapidlybecameunexceptional⑪tothepublic，asinnovations⑫succeeded⑬eachother.Bytheearly1980s，thegreatrocketspreviouslyusedintheAmericanspaceprogrammehadbeenreplaced⑭bythespaceshuttle.WhentheChallengerspaceshuttletookoff⑮on28January1986，theworldseemedtohavelostitswonderattheamazingachievementsoftheastronautsinvolved⑯.[2]Butthiswasgoingtobenoordinaryexcursion，andmillionsofpeopletunedin⑰towitnessthetake­offonTV.ItwasspecialbecauseChristaMcAuliffeaged37，anordinaryteacherandmother，wasaboutto⑱becomethefirstcivilianinspace.Sheplannedtogivetwo15­minutelessonsfromorbit：thefirsttodemonstrate⑲thecontrolsofthespacecraftandexplainhowgravityworked，andthesecondtodescribetheobjectives⑳oftheChallengerprogramme.Christahopedtocommunicateeq\o(○,\s\up8(21))asenseofeq\o(○,\s\up8(22))excitementandrekindleeq\o(○,\s\up8(23))interestinthespaceprogramme.Withtheeyesofstudentsacrossthenationuponher，shemighthaveinspiredeq\o(○,\s\up8(24))anentirelynewgenerationofastronautsandspacescientists.[2]when引导时间状语从句；主句中tohavelost是不定式的完成式，表示动作早于前面的seemed；involved是形容词，作后置定语。Tragically，sheneverreturnedtoherclassroomastheshuttleexplodedjustoveraminuteaftertakingoffinFlorida，andallsevenastronautsonboardeq\o(○,\s\up8(25))werekilled.Theworldwentintoshock，mostpeoplehavingassumedeq\o(○,\s\up8(26))thatthisspaceflightwouldbenomoredangerousthaneq\o(○,\s\up8(27))travellinginanaeroplane[3]．Howwrongtheyhadbeen!Instantaneously，excitementandoptimismturnedintoterrorandfailure.Itwasthemostdisastrousspaceaccidentever，anditcastashadowoneq\o(○,\s\up8(28))people'shearts.[3]画线部分为独立主格结构，其中that引导的是宾语从句，作逻辑谓语havingassumed的逻辑宾语。“Icanrememberthatdaysoclearly，watchingthetake­offonTVatschool，”saidonestudent.“TherewasanordinaryteacherontheChallenger，andwewereallveryexcited.Wedidn'thavemuchpatienceeq\o(○,\s\up8(29))waitingforthelaunch.Wehadseenthesmilingfacesoftheastronautswavingtotheworldastheysteppedintotheshuttle[4]．Then，littlemorethanaminuteaftertake­off，wesawastrangeredandorangelightinthesky，followedbyacloudofwhitesmoke.TheChallengerhadexplodedinmid­airandweallstartedscreaming.”[4]theastronautswavingtotheworld是现在分词的复合结构作介词of的宾语，astheysteppedintotheshuttle为时间状语从句。FollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisaster，spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedeq\o(○,\s\up8(30))fornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated，andsomeoftheshuttle'scomponentseq\o(○,\s\up8(31))wereredesigned.Buttherewasneveranydoubteq\o(○,\s\up8(32))thatmannedflightswouldcontinue[5]，andon29September1988，thespaceshuttleprogrammeresumedeq\o(○,\s\up8(33))withthesuccessfullaunchofDiscovery.[5]画线部分是that引导的同位语从句，作doubt的同位语。Ithasnowbeenover30yearssincethelosseq\o(○,\s\up8(34))ofChallengerandalthoughthelivesofitscrewwerecuttragicallyshort，theytaketheirplaceeq\o(○,\s\up8(35))alongsidetheotherheroesofspaceexploration，suchasGagarin，Tereshkova，ArmstrongandYangLiwei.Thememoryofthosesevenwillliveforever，writteninthestars，inspiringeq\o(○,\s\up8(36))ustojointheminhumanity'sgreatestjourneyofexplorationanddiscovery.ThesacrificeoftheChallengercallstous，remindingusthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestarseq\o(○,\s\up8(37))，nomatterhowdistanttheymightseem[6]．[6]remindingus...是现在分词短语作伴随状语，that引导的是宾语从句，相当于“remindsb.sth.”这一结构中的sth.，nomatterhow...是让步状语从句。译文参考“挑战者号”的呼喊自从1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗第一次踏上月球以来，人们已经习惯了太空旅行的概念。数以百万计的人在黑白电视机上观看了第一次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼儿，意识到这是一项多么艰难和危急的任务，也意识到很多可能会出错的事情。随着阿姆斯特朗那句至今仍旧闻名的话“这是个人的一小步，却是人类