2024中考英语解题技巧完形填空

完形填空解题技巧指导

完型填空就是给考生一篇语句连贯的短文，对考查归纳理解、综合思维等

实力都是特别好的，有利于开发智力，把不完整的文章，通过自己的分析，

变成完整的文章，这是对学生想像思维的训练。所以考生首先要正确对待这

道题，解除心理障碍。

考生肯定要牢记四个步骤，反复训练，在短时间内有一个比较好的成果。

第一步就是通读全文，领悟大意，

其次步就是紧扣内容，分析对比备选答案，

第三步就是瞻前顾后，全文贯穿，

第四步就是复查核对，确定取舍。

1通读全文，领悟大意

比形填空题曲给的嵬一篇意思完整的短文，所选的答案处在整段或整篇文

章之中。所以在做题前，必需先阅读全文，了解短文的大意，这是绝不行省

的一方。

每篇短文总有肯定的主题思想，段落之间必定承上启下，前呼后应，句及

句之间也肯定紧密相连，形成一个整体。因此通读全文是要一挥而就，不要

中断思路，只要能了解短文的大意就可。某些细微环节不理解可以跳过。假

如不影响答题，可以束之高阁。切不行把珍贵的时间奢侈在个别字句推敲上。

假如及答题有关，可到其次步填空时再琢磨解决。另外，在阅读时要特殊留

意一篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们能供应主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描

述的事务或文章的中心议题。

完形填空事实上是一种障碍性阅读理解题。因此，在解题之前，先要把文

章通读一遍，弄清文章的体裁，文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、

说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普学问、

童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解

故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事务及前因后果，对文章有个全面的了解,

弄清其中心思想和大意。然后对留空的句子进行分析，看他在该句所处的位

置和作用，再从所给的选项中找出要填写什么词。

2.紧扣内容，分析对比备选答案

完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的

首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句供应全篇的性质、大意等,

这是深化了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语

气推想全文的主要内容。分析时应留意以下几点：

(1)当遇到一个须要填的词时\首先要考虑这个词在句子中的成分是什

么？词性是什么？

(2)假如须要填的是名词，就要考虑名词的单复数和全部格形式，

(3)假如须要填的是形容词或副词，就应考虑是用原级或是比较级，还是

最高级。

(4)假如须要填的是动词，则要考虑动词的时态，语态，人称变更，语气

以及非谓语动词(不定式和动词-ing形式)的一般式，被动式和完成式等。

(5)假如须要填空的是介词，则要留意固定搭配的用法。

(6)假如须要填的是冠词，则要留意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词，

(7)另外要留意一些固定句型。

3.瞻前顾后，全文贯穿

短文中每个空白处的正确答案和气上下文在意思上和结构上都有这样或

那样的必定联系。一般说来，所选答案只有和上下文和结构上都吻合的时候,

才是正确答案。因此，必需留意上下的参照，连贯思索。假如答案一时确定

不下来，切记不要耽搁太久，可暂放一边，待其他答案选好之后，再回过头

来细致推敲。

试题所供应的短文可以说是一个整体，空白处所须要选的答案只是整体中

的一部分。有时候，所选答案从局部看是可行的，但从整体看，不见的是最

佳的答案。这时就要局部听从整体，从短文的整体内容动身，重新选择答案。

对于那些拿不定办法或未能选答的空白，不要仅局限在及上下文的比照上，

要把视野扩大到全文。有时一旦和整篇短文联系起来，就可豁然开朗，很简

单选出正确答案。

4.复查核对，确定取舍

全部题目作完以后，要细致考查核对。填完空白后，重读全文，这也是解

题过程中至关重要的一环。此时考生对文章已经有了一个相对完整的了解，

对文章的理解也就更进了一步，也就摸清了文章内在发展的逻辑关系。而假

如在此时再读一遍文章，就有可能会发觉一些其他原来没有留意到的问题，

也就能够依据对语篇的理解及内在的联系，反复推敲，比较异同，从而选择

一个更符合文章意义的答案，其方法是:把短文连同所选答案细读一遍，凡读

起来别扭或答案无准确把握的地方分别登记来，然后将每个空白处及其相对

应的四个答案逐一比照，务求一一过关，避开遗漏。若发觉原所选答案及复

查时所选答案不同，不要急于涂改，待细致甚,酌核实后，再确定取舍。

例1【2024安徽】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读

下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

Mr.BlacklovedhisdaughterHelenverymuch.Everydayhespent

allofhisfreetime51withher.Onenight,hehadmuchworkto

do,__52__couldn，tplaywithhisdaughter.Inordertokeepher

53,hefoundamapoftheworldinamagazineandcutitintopieces.

Whenhe54,He1encamerunningtohimandwasreadytoplay.Mr.

Blacksaidhehad55timetoplayfightnow.Hetoldthegirlto

putthepiecesofpaperbacktogethertoamapoftheworld,andthen

theycouldbothplay.

Abouthalfanhourlater,Helencametoherfatherandsaid,“Okay,

it'sfinished.Canweplaynow?〃Mr.Blackwassurprisedsaying,

“That's56Let'sgoandsee."Andsureenough,therewasthe

pictureoftheworld;allputtogether,every57___initsplace.

Mr.Blacksaid,"That'ssurprising!58didyoudothat?”Helen

said,〃Itwas59Onthebackofthepagewasapictureofa

60_.WhenIputthemantogether,thewholeworldfellintoplace.〃

51.A.workingB.runningC.playingD.walking

52.A.orB.andC.butD.then

53.A.sleepyB.warmC.freeD.busy

54.A.lefthomeB.gothomeC.lettheofficeD.got

totheoffice

55.A.noB.enoughC.muchD.some

56.A.rightB.wrongC.possibleD.impossible

57.A.mapB.pictureC.pieceD.page

58.A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.Where

59.A.hardB.simpleC.difficultD.

different

60.A.boyB.girlC.manD.woman

【大意】本文讲的是位疼爱女儿的爸爸,常常和女儿玩耍。有一天，很忙

的他为了让女儿能自己玩，把撕碎的世界地图让女儿拼起来，女儿很快弄完。

原来女儿看的是反面的人形。

｛列二Threesmallfishlivedinthesea.Whentheywereveryyoung,

theirparentsdied.Theyhadto61eachotherdayafterday.

Finally,theygrewupand62toswimdeeperandfurther.One

morning,thethreefishwere63toashallow（浅）waterbyabig

wave（浪）.Asmallboatwastakenthere,too.Itwashardforthefish

togobacktotheseabecausetheboatwasfightinfrontofthem.The

largestfishrealizedthattheywere64andsaidtheyhadtofind

awaytoleavethereasfastaspossible.Thesecondlargestfish65

withhiselderbrother,buttheyoungestonedidnot.Hesaidthatthere

wasmuch66fortheiractivities,sohewouldnotworryatalland

stillswamaround___67.Atlast,thelargestfishreturnedtothe68

byjumpingoverthelowestpartoftheboat.Thesecondlargestfish

alsosucceededin69hiseiderbrotherintheothersideofwater.

Buttheyoungestonedidn，tfollowthemandstillswamjoyfully.

Twohourslater,whenthe70roseup,thewaterinthesmall

shal1owcornerdriedup.Thefishwhodidnottrytoreturntothesea

diedoflack（缺乏）ofwater.

61.A.listentoB.lookafterC.talkwithD.worry

about

62.A.daredB.hatedC.refusedD.

stopped

63.A.allowedB.givenC.invitedD.

taken

64.A.insafetyB.indoubtC.indangerD.in

peace

65.A.agreedB.talkedC.comparedD.

discussed

66.A.timeB.foodC.waterD.air

67.A.slowlyB.sadlyC.luckilyD.

happily

68.A.seaB.riverC.lakeD.pond

69.A.catchingB.joiningC.takingD.

telling

70.A.stormB.starsC.moonI）.sun

【主旨大意】本文讲了三条小鱼相依为命的长大，有一天，被带到了浅水处。

最大的鱼意识到危急，便跳回深水。其次条随之回去。最小的鱼不以为然，

最终死于缺水。提示人们要意识到潜在的危急。

(3)Bol/sTravelhiary(旅游日记)

Tuesday,July16th

Todayisrained,sowewenttoamuseum（博物馆）.Itwas3g

boring.Ifound（发觉）asmallboy37inthecorner.Hewaslost（迷

路）andIhelpedhimfind38father.That39mefeelveryhappy.

Ididn,thave40moneyforataxi,sowewalkedback41the

hotel.Iwasreallytired.

Wednesday,July17th

Todaythe42wascool,sowedecidedto43tennis（网球）.We

playedallmorning.Itwasreallyfun.WehadSichuan44fordinner.

45_wasdelicious（美味可口的）！

36.A.kindofB.withC.on

37.A.singingB.goingC.crying

38.A.theyB.hisC.my

39.A.takeB.madeC.get

40.A.someB.noC.any

41.A.onB.toC.with

42.A.weatherB.whetherC.bus

43.A.goB.takeC.play

44.A.busB.carC.food

45.A.ItB.HeC.She

主旨大意：本篇是日记，主要讲解并描述了一天的所见、所闻、所做，主要

考查了过去时的运用。

(6)FarleyworkedfortheCanadiangovernment.Oneday,hewas_1_

tolearnmoreaboutwolves.Dowolveskilllotsofcaribou(」匕美驯I

鹿)?Dotheykillpeople?

Theygavehimlotsoffoodandclothesandguns.Thentheyputhimon

aplaneandtookhimto_2_.Theplaneputhimdownandwentaway.

Therewerenohousesorpeopleinthisplace.Buttherewerelotsof

animalsandlotsofwolvcs.Peopletel1terriblestoriesaboutwolvcs.

Theysaywolvesliketokillandeatpeople.Farleyrememberedthese

stories,andhewas_3_.Hehadhisgunwithhim_4_.Thenoneday,

hesawagroupofwolves.Therewasamotherwolfwithfourbabywolves.

Afatherwolfandanotheryoungwolflivedwiththem.

Farleywatchedthesewolveseveryday.Themotherwasavery_5_

mother.Shegavemilktoherbabies.Shegavethemlessonsaboutlife.

Theylearnedhowto6food.Thefatherwolfgotfoodforthemother.

Theyoungwolf_7_thechildren.Theywereanice,happyfamily-wolf

family!Farleydidnotneedhis_8_anymore.Inashorttime,he

gotonwellwiththefamily.Farleywatchedthemforfivemonths.He

learnedthatmanystoriesaboutthewolveswere_9_.Wolvesdonot

eatpeople,andtheydonoteatmanylargeanimals.Andhealsolearned

badthingsaboutmen.Itwasmenwhokilledmanycaribouandwolves.

Later,Farleywroteabookaboutwolves.Hewantedpeopleto10

themandnottokillthem,

1.A.seenB.toldC.heardD.found

2.A.asmalltownB.abigcityC.afarplaceD.alonely

village

3.A.afraidB.happyC.angryD.tired

4.A.attimesB.allthetimeC.onceaweekD.every

afternoon

5.A.badB.goodC.hungryD.thirsty

6.A.cookB.makeC.getD.pick

7.A.shoutedatB.lookedintoC.laughedatD.playedwith

8.A.foodB.clothesC.gunD.plane

9.A.notgoodB.nottrueC.noteasyD.notclear

10.A.growB.haveC.teachD.understand

点评狼历来被世人视为凶残的动物,事实是否的确如此呢？带着这一疑问,

Farley进行了实地考察，在和狼进行了零距离的接触后，变更了自己的观点。

本文告知我们要学会依据事实说话。

(7)ManypeoplethinkthatAmericans]theircarsalmostmore

thananythingelse.When2—peoplearefourteenyearsold,theywant

tohavetheir3cars.Theydon'taskforacarfromtheir4.

Somanyofthemworkin_5timeduringtheirlastyearofhighschool

tobuyacar.Learningto6_andgettingadriverJslicensemay

beoneofthemostexcitingthingsinayoungpersonJslife,

Somepeoplealmost7_gotoadoctorwhentheyareill.Butthey

will8theircarstoagarageassoonastheythinkthereisa9

OnSaturdaysorSundayssomepeoplemay10mostoftheirtime

washingandrepairingtheircars.

人•A.preferB.lovedriveD.play

J•A.littleB.bigoldD.young

•A.newB.ownexpensiveD.cheap

4.A,friendsB.teachersC.parentsD.brot'

5.A.freeB.busyC.studyD.good

6.A.makeB.mendC.washD.drive

7.A.alwaysB.neverC.oftenD.usually

8.A.takeB.carryC.pullD.lift

9.A.questionB.wrongC.mistakeD.problem

10.A.costB.gelc.spendD.use

点评本文介绍了美国人尤其是年轻人对于轿车的厚爱，并列举了一些事例

加以说明。让人们看到了一个发达国家的富有和人民生活白g旺盛。

（8）Whodesigned（设计）thefirsthelicopter（直弁飞机）？Who—1

ofthemostfamouspicturesintheworld?Whoknewmoreaboutthehuman

bodythanmost_2—?Thereisananswer_3_allthesequestions

—LeonardodeVinci（达芬奇）.

Leonardomayhavebeenthegreatestgenius（天才'）_4_haveeverknown,

lielivedinItalyaroundtheyear1500,bu:manyofhisinventionsseem

noderntoustoday.Forexample,oneofhisnotebookshasdrawingsof

ahelicopter.Ofcourse,hecouldn,t_5―ahelicopterwiththe

thingshehad.Butscientistssayhisideawouldhaveworked.

ButLeonardo_6_aninventor.Hewasoneofthegreatestartistsof

hisday.Bythetimehewastwentyyearsold,hewascalledamaster

（大师）painter,andashegotolderhebecame7morefamous.

Sometimeshedrewahandtendifferentways8hewasreadytopaint.

ManyofLeonardo?swonderfulpaintingsarestillwith_9_today.

Youmayknowoneofhismostfamousworksthe_10_womanknownas

theMonaLisa.

1.A.tookB.madeC.paintedD.invented

2.A.artistsB.doctorsC.paintersD.people

3.A.toB.ofC.forD.from

4.A.thescientistsB.theartistsC.theworldD.people

5.A.drawB.paintC.workD.build

6.A.wasjustB.wasn'tjustC.wasn'tD.wasno

longer

7.A.lessB.noC.evenD.very

8.A.beforeB.afterC.becauseD.when

9.A.himB.usC.themD.you

10.A.interestingB.cryingC.smilingD.surprising

点评本文介绍了堪称世界上最宏大的天才一一达•芬奇在独创、艺术等方面

为人类所作的巨大贡献，文章层次分明，通俗易懂。

（9）Once,akingshowedtwomenalargebasketinthegarden.Hetold

themtofillitwithwaterfromawell.Afterthey_1―theirwork,

heleftthem,saying,“Whenthesunisdown,Iwillcomeandseeyour

work.”

Atlastoneofthemsaid,"What'stheuseofdoingthisfoolishwork?

Wecan2―fillthebasket.”3mananswered,“Thatisnoneof

yourbusiness."Thefirstmansaid."Youmaydoasyoulike,butI

amnotgoingtoworkat_4_sofoolish.He_5―hisbucketand

wentaway.Theothermansaidnoword,andkeptoncarrying_6_.At

lastthewellwasalmost7.

Ashepouredthelastbucketofwaterintothebasket,hesawabright

thinginit.Hepickeditup.Itwasabeautifulgoldring.Justthen

thekingcame.—8—hesawthering,heknewthathehadfcundthe

kindofmanhewanted.Hetoldhimtokeeptheringforhimself."You

―9_sowellinthislittlething,"hesaid,“—10—nowIknow

Icanbelieveyouwithmanythings.”

1.A.finishedB.did•beganD.had

2.A.everB.never•easilyD.no

3.A.TheotherB.AnotherK/•OneD.Asecond

4.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything

5.A.pickedupB.putawayc.tookawayD.threwaway

6.A.waterB.basketc.wellD.work

7.A.fullB.emptyc.filledD.clean

8.A.WhileB.Assoonasc.BeforeD.Since

9.A.havedoneB.willdoC.doD.aredoing

10.A.whatB.whyC.whenD.that

点评本文讲解并描述了一个国王为了考验两个人，让他们往篮子里打水，

忠诚的人不遗余力地在空篮子里打水，直到国王归来。结果不仅获得了一枚

金戒指，而且得到了国王的信任。

(10)Foodisveryimportant.Everyoneneedsto_1—wellifheor

shewantstohaveastrongbody.Ourmindsalsoneedakindoffood.

Thiskindoffoodis_2_.Webegintogetknowledgeeven_3_we

areveryyoung.Smallchildrenare_4_ineverythingaroundthem.

Theylearn5―whiletheyarewatchingandlistening.Whentheyare

gettingolder,theybeginto6storybooks,sciencebooks***,

anythingtheylike.Whentheyfindsomethingnew,theylovetoask

questionsand_7_tofindoutanswers.Whatisthebest_8_toget

knowledge?Ifwelearnbyourselves,wewi11get_9_knowledge.If

weare_10_gettinganswersfromothersanddonotaskwhy,wewill

neverlearnwell.Whenwestudyintherightway,wewilllearnmore

andunderstandbetter.

1.A.sleepB.readC.drinkD.eat

2.A.sportB.exerciseC.knowledgeD.meat

Lx•A.untilB.whenC.afterD.so

•X•A.interestedB.interestingC.weakD.better

A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything

•A.lendB.readC.learnD.write

1•A.tryB.haveC.refuseD.wait

•A.placeB.schoolC.wayD.road

KX•A.littleB.fewC.manyD.themost

10.A.oftenB.alwaysC.usuallyD.something

点评本文说明白学问的重要性，介绍了一个人学习学问的过程以及获得学

问的最佳途径，是一篇可读性较强的文章。

(11)Someonesays,“Timeismoney."ButIthinktimeis_1—

importantthanmoney.Why?Becausewhenir.oncyisspent,wecangetit

back.However,whentimeis2it'11never3.That's4we

uustn,twastetime.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthe5isusuallylimited.Evena

secondisveryimportant.Weshouldmakefulluseofourtimetodo

6—useful.

Butitisapitythattherearealotofpeoplewhodonotknowthe

importanceoftime.Theyspenttheir1imitedtimesmoking,drinking

and7.Theydonotknowthatwastingtimemeanswastingpartof

theirown_8.

Inaword,weshouldsavetime.Weshouldn,t9today'swork

fortomorrow.Rememberwehavenotimeto10.

1.A.muchB.lessC.muchlessD.evenmore

2.A.costB.boughtC.goneD.finished

3.A.returnB.carryC.takeD.bring

4.A.whatJL_J•thatC.becauseD.why

5.A.moneyJLx.timeC.dayD.food

6.A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everything

7.A.readingB.writingC.playingD.working

8.A.timeB.foodC.moneyD.life

9.A.stopB.leaveC.letD.give

10.A.loseB.saveC.spendD.take

点评文章讲解并描述了时诃的重要性。金钱用完了可以再来，但时间却是

一去不复返。告诫我们要珍惜时间，不能虚度年华。

(12)Nasreddinwasapoorman,sohetriedtogrow_1―hecould

inhisowngarden,sothathewouldnothavetobuysomanyinthemarket.

Oneeveningheheardanoiseinhisgardenandloo