2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1Natureinthebalance泛读技能初养成学案含解析牛津译林版必修第三册

PAGEUnit1Natureinthebalance阅读教材P11－12的材料，选出最佳选项1．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．ATVinterviewprogrammeonpollution.B．Amagazineaboutenvironmentalpollution.C．Anewspaperaboutinvestigationexperiment.D．AtraveljournalaboutNorgate.2．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A．Allthelocalresidentsprotestedagainstheavyindustry.B.Factorymanagersareirresponsiblebusinessmen.C．Mostfactoriestriestheirbesttoreducethepollutionwhiletheymakeprofits.D．Fightingpollutionisjustataskforfactoriesandgovernmentdepartments.3．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thelocalpeopleareallagainstenvironmentalpollution.B.Theadvantagesofopeningafactoryoutweighthedisadvantages.C．Environmentalprotectionisalong­termtaskthatrequiresjointefforts.D．Therearedifferentviewpointsonenvironmentalpollution.[答案]1－3ACCWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)comeupwith想出，想到(教材P6)Allofthemcomeupwithcreativeideasonhowtosolvetheseproblems.他们都对如何解决这些问题提出了创建性的想法。[例1]Whenyouhavefinished，trytocomeupwithtwomoreeventsforeachcategory.当你完成后，每一种类尽量再提出两个项目。[例2]Keepyoureyeonthesejokers，youneverknowwhattheywillcomeupwith.盯住这些家伙，你恒久不知道他们会想出什么来。[造句]我很惊异他能想出这么好的办法。Iwasamazedthathe'dcomeupwithsuchasweetidea.[归纳拓展]comeabout 发生comeacross (偶然)遇见；发觉；被理解；被弄懂comeup 被提出；出现；发芽comeout 出来；长出；出版，发行；结果是whenitcomesto(doing)... 当谈到(做)……时[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hecameacrossacatinthepark.②Hisnewalbumcameoutlastyear.③Weneedtocomeupwithabetterplanwithoutdelay.④Whenitcomestostudying(study)English，heisveryweak.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)(教材P6)Somecallfortheapplicationofmoderntechnology，andothersachangeoflifestyle.一些人要求应用现代技术，另一些人要求变更生活方式。(1)callfor(公开)要求；须要[例1]Airpollutioncallsforourspecialconcern.空气污染问题须要我们的特殊关注。[例2]Severalcandidateswerecalledforasecondinterview.几位候选人被通知去参与其次次面试。[造句]这个工作须要爱和耐性。Thejobcallsforloveandpatience.[归纳拓展]callup 给……打电话；使回忆起callback 回电话；收回callon/upon 探望(人)；号召callat 探望(某地)callin 请来；召来calloff 取消[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theoldpicturecalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.②Thegovernmentcallsonthecitizenstolead(lead)agreenlife.③Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.④Inowcallon/uponthechairmantoaddressthemeeting.(2)applicationn．应用，运用；申请[例1]Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.从20世纪70年头起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。[例2]Barbaramadeanapplicationforajobasanurse.芭芭拉提出了应聘护士工作的申请。[造句]这项独创会在工业中得到广泛应用。Theinventionwouldhaveawiderangeofapplicationsinindustry.[归纳拓展](1)applyvt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi. 申请；恳求；运用；有效apply(to...)for... (向……)申请……applyto 适用于；与……有关applyoneselfto... 用心于……(to为介词)apply...to... 把……运用到……；把……涂到……(2)applicantn. 申请人[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thegirldecidedtoapplyforajobinthiscompany.②Thetechnologyapplied(apply)tothisfieldwashighlythoughtof.③Studentsshouldapplythemselvestoimproving(improve)theirskills.④Inthiswaywecanbetterapplytheorytopractice.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)getridof摆脱，丢弃，扔掉(教材P11)...it'salsogivenmeacoughthatIcan'tgetridof.……它还让我患上了咳嗽，而且老是不好。[例1]HeattachedhimselftomeatthepartyandIcouldn'tgetridofhim.在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。[例2]Mostpeoplehavesomeregretthattheyjustcan'tseemtogetridof.大多数人都会有一些好像摆脱不了的缺憾。[造句]我的头疼的毛病老是不好。Ican'tget/beridofthisheadache.[归纳拓展]ridsb./sth.of... 使某人/某物摆脱……ridoneselfof... 摆脱……；从……中解脱get/beridof... 摆脱/除去……[即学即练]单句语法填空①Maybeweshouldridourselves(we)ofmoderntechnologyandreturntosimplertimes.②Iwasgladtobe(be)ridofthecarwhenIfinallysoldit.③Youshouldridyourself(you)ofthesmokinghabit.④IfIruledtheworld，Iwouldridtheworldofwars.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)defencen．辩护；防卫，爱护；防卫物；国防；防守(教材P11)Indefenceofthefactories，however，I'dliketopointoutthatwealsotrytocontroltheamountofpollutionweproduce.然而，为工厂说句公道话，我想指出，我们也在努力限制我们产生的污染量。[例1]Thewomanrushedthereindefenceofherchildren.这个女人冲过去爱护自己的孩子们。[例2]Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？[造句]政府已削减了国防开支。Thegovernmenthascutbackondefencespending.[归纳拓展](1)defendvt. 辩解，辩白；防卫，爱护，保卫defend...against/from... 保卫……免受……defendoneself 防卫；为自己辩解(2)indefenceof 为了保卫……，为……辩护[即学即练]单句语法填空①Ihavetosayinherdefence(defend)thatsheknewnothingaboutitbeforehand.②Shehadtodefendherselfagainst/fromtheguarddog.③Youmustlearntodefendyourself(you)whenbeingattacked.④Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesagainst/fromknifeattacks.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点5)(教材P13)consequencen．结果，后果；重要性[例1]Ifwetoywithnature，wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.假如我们戏弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。[例2]Shewasfoundguilty，andlostherjobasaconsequenceofit.她被判有罪，因而失去了工作。[造句]这项确定可能对该行业造成严峻后果。Thisdecisioncouldhaveseriousconsequencesfortheindustry.[归纳拓展](1)inconsequence＝asaconsequence＝consequently 因此asaconsequenceof 由于；因为inconsequenceof/asaconsequenceof 由于，作为……的结果(2)consequentlyadv. 结果，因此[即学即练]单句语法填空①Asaconsequenceoftherain，thetennismatchwasdelayed.②Shestudiedhard，andconsequently(consequence)shepassedtheexamination.③Thechildwasbornweakinconsequenceofaninjurytoitsmother.[小片段助记]AlotofstudentswastetheirsparetimesurfingtheInternet；asaconsequence，theyoftenfailtofinishtheirhomeworkontime.Consequently，mostofthemdopoorlyintheirgrades.Later，inconsequenceofTom'shardwork，hewaseventuallyadmittedtoNanjingUniversity.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点6)giveriseto使发生(或存在)(教材P13)Forexample，inmanypartsoftheworld，thepoorqualityofthelocaldrinkingwatergivesrisetopublichealthproblems.例如，在世界的很多地方，当地饮用水的质量低劣导致了公共卫生问题。[例1]Lowlevelsofcholineinthebodycangiverisetohighbloodpressure.体内胆碱含量低可引发高血压。[例2]Thenovel'ssuccessgaverisetoanumberofsequels.这部小说的胜利带来了一系列的续篇。[造句]它会引起普遍的贫困和苦痛。Itgaverisetowidespreadpovertyandsuffering.[归纳拓展]givethoughtto 细致考虑，思索giveadviceto 供应建议givebirthto 产生；分娩；引发；造成[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shehadgiventhought(think)tochangingherjobbeforeshemadethedecision.②Religiousdifferencesbetweenthemgavebirth(bear)toawar.③TheygiveadvicetopeoplewithHIVandAIDS.④Yesterday'searthquakegave(give)risetomanydeaths.细微环节理解题——干脆定位法细微环节理解题主要考查考生对文章事实细微环节的理解，在解答这类题时，可采纳“干脆定位”的方法，即带着问题找原文。思维建模——娴熟3步解题流程[例文]CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursMorningorAfternoon，thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD．C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington，D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路途)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.细微环节理解题的三大原则(1)解题的依次原则：一般来说题目答案的位置与题目的依次是一样的，这能帮助我们缩小找寻范围，大大提高解题效率。(2)关键词定位原则：通过寻读法，用题干中的关键词(包括专出名词、数词、实体名词、形容词、副词，以及这些词的同义词)在文中搜寻，快速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。[留意]文章中反复出现的名词或短语没有唯一出处，所以不能算是定位词。(3)依据原文信息原则：做题时务必要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中的某一处进行定