2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature预习新知早知道1学案外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit5RevealingnatureⅠ.匹配词义a．单词匹配()1.disgrace A．v.进化()2.geologist B．n.雀科鸣禽()3.evolve C．n.thelossofotherpeople'srespect()4.finch D．n.鸟嘴，喙()5.beak E．n.ascientistwhostudiesgeology[答案]1—5CEABDb．短语匹配()1.answerthecall A．是耻辱，是丢脸的事()2etoexist B．探讨(争论)中的()3.beadisgrace C．存在()4.inquestion D．适应()5.adaptto E．响应号召[答案]1－5ECABDⅡ.默写单词1．distantadj. 遥远的2．samplen. 样本3．suspectv. 猜想，怀疑，觉得4．ancestorn. (动物的)原种，祖先5．seedn. 种子，籽6．generatev. 产生，创建Ⅰ.语境填空generate，geologist，seed，beak，evolve，disgrace，sample，suspect，distant，ancestor1．Aseedcan'tdecidewhethertobecomeatreeorfoodforabird.2．LiLeithinksitisadisgraceforhimtolietohisparents.3．Hisgrandfatherworksasageologist，whoalwaysdealswithrocksandsoilsintheopenair.4．Thescientistcollectedsomeinsectsandplantsassamplesinthemountainforhisstudy.5．ThankstoChinesepeople'shardwork，Chinahasevolvedintoalargeeconomy(经济体)．6．Now，Isuspectsomeonemayhavecomeintothisroomandtakenawaysomethingimportant.7．Smokingmaygeneratelong­termstress—evenifpeoplefeelitofferstemporaryrelief.8．Tomanypeople，technologymeanscomputers，orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.9．Aduckhasasmallerbody，withaflatbeak，ashortneck.10．ThedirectancestorofthemoderncatwastheKaffircatofancientEgypt.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Inthecourseofevolution(evolve)，somebirdshavelostthepowerofflight.2．Itisenvironment­friendlytochoosethegeneration(generate)ofelectricitybywaterpower.3．Itisnormalthatpeopleliketoeatseedless(seed)grapes.4．Hewasrushedtohospitalwithasuspected(suspect)heartattack.1．Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．“贝格尔号”船长须要聘请一个人，此人能“有机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家并从中受益”。2．Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoice.来应聘的人不是船长的首选。3．Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist...所提到的那位年轻人叫查尔斯·达尔文，是一位地质学家和博物学家……4．Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor...达尔文认为这些雀科小鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来……词语助读①profitv．获益；获利②distantadj.遥远的③degreen．学位④what'smore再者⑤disgracen．丢脸，耻辱⑥despiteprep.尽管⑦leadto导致；通向⑧scientificadj.科学的⑨discoveryn．发觉[1]句中的predicting...是现在分词作定语，修饰aletter。⑩CharlesDarwin查尔斯·达尔文(1809年2月12日至1882年4月19日)，英国生物学家，进化论的奠基人。出版《物种起源》。⑪geologistn．地质学家⑫naturalistn．博物学家⑬fascinatev．入迷befascinatedby对……入迷⑭livingadj.活的⑮becrowdedwith挤满……⑯samplen．样本⑰cometoexist存在⑱atthesametime同时⑲besimilarto和……相像⑳evolvev．进化eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))adaptto适应eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))inspirev．激励；鼓舞eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))evidencen．证据；依据eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))GalápagosIslands加拉帕戈斯群岛，是厄瓜多尔位于太平洋、距陆地本土1200公里的一个省，由十几个火山岩岛屿组成，人口不足2万。eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))avarietyof多种多样的eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))accordingto依据，依据eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))availableadj.可利用的，可得到的[2]句中的what引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))suspectv．猜想，怀疑，觉得[3]that引导宾语从句，which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词acommonancestor。eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))completelyadv.完全地eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))shockedadj.感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的eq\o(○,\s\up2(31))convincingadj.令人信服的[4]so...that...如此……以至于；that引导结果状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up2(32))beregardedas被认为是原文呈现AJourneyofDiscovery1．Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profit①bytheopportunityofvisitingdistant②countriesyetlittleknown”．Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoice.Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree③.What'smore④，hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgrace⑤toyourselfandallyourfamily”．[1]Despite⑥allthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadto⑦oneofthemostimportantscientific⑧discoveries⑨ofalltime.2．Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin⑩，wasageologist⑪andnaturalist⑫，fascinated⑬byrocks，plantsandanimals.HeleftEnglandontheship，theBeagle，in1831.Thejourneygavehimthechancetostudyvariousliving⑭thingsintheirnaturalenvironments.AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwith⑮samples⑯oftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.Ashestudiedthese，heaskedhimselfthequestion：howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist⑰？3．Atthattime，peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime⑱，andhadnotchangedsince.ButDarwinbegantothinkdifferently.Henoticedthatsomespeciesofanimalswereverysimilarto⑲eachother.Maybeanimalsevolved⑳astheyadaptedtoeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(21)))theirchangingenvironments？Itwasjustanidea，butenoughtoinspireeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(22)))Darwintolookformoreevidenceeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(23))).4．WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalápagosIslandseq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(24)))in1835，Darwinsawavarietyofeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(25)))newspecies，butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.Darwinnoticedthattherewasadifferencebetweenthefinchesoneachoftheislands.Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtoeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(26)))whatfoodwasavailableeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(27)))onthatparticularisland.[2]5．Darwinsuspectedeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(28)))thatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.[3]Overtime，ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist：theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.6．Itwasacompletelyeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(29)))newidea—atheoryofevolution.Darwinexplainedthistheoryinhisbook，OntheOriginofSpecies.Itwasnotpublisheduntil1859andimmediatelycausedastorm.Manypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings，includinghumans，hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.Theywereshockedeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(30))).ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingeq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(31)))thatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.[4]7．Today，OntheOriginofSpeciesisregardedaseq\s\up10(\o(○,\S\UP3(32)))oneofthemostimportantworkseverwritten.IthaschangedideasaboutlifeonEarthforever.AnditallbeganwiththejourneyontheBeagle.译文参考发觉之旅1．“贝格尔号”船长须要聘请一个人，此人能“有机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家并从中受益”。来应聘的人不是船长的首选。他是一个年轻人，没有完成学位课程就离开了医学院。更有甚者，他最近收到了父亲的一封信，信中预言他将是“他和