名师原创：Unit4 单元语法详解课件

Unit4Adversityandcourage

单元语法详解人教版新教材选择性必修三

原创Cao

本单元重点语法

现在完成进行时◆原句再现AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton–thisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.(教材P38)b.Wearenowcampedoniceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbeginomelt.(教材P38)c.Wehavebeenstrugglingfordays,butthingsnoElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.(教材

P39)d.Thedoghasbeenbarkingforabouttwohours,andIreallyhopeitwillstopsoon.(教材

P41)◆

现在完成进行时的构成●第三人称单数：he/she/it+hasbeen+现在分词(doing)…●其它人称：I/we/you/they+havebeen+现在分词(doing)….◆直现在完成进行时的用法●表示动作发生在过去并一直持续到现在.这一动作可能刚停止，也可能继续进行下去，常与延续性动词连用。常带有动作起迄时间的状语，如：sincelastweek;since2018等或带有由since引导的时间状语从句；还可以是表示时间段的时间状语.如：foranhour,forafewdays,forthesedays,请观察以下句子a.Tomhasbeenworkinghardsincethenewtermbegan.b.Wehavebeenmakinghandcraftsfortenyears.c.Hehasbeenlivingheresince2015.d.Theyhavebeendoingtheexperimentsincelastyear.※温馨告知：非延续性动词,如：end,finish,leave,start,begin,come,Go,marry等不能用于现在完成进行时●表示到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常带有厌恶或赞美感激等感情色彩，请观察以下句子a.Hehasbeensayingthattwentytimes.这话他已经说了二十遍了b.Theyhavebeencallingonmeseveraltimesthisweek.他们这个星期几次来看我c.Thescientisthasbeendoingtheexperimentmanytimesthismonth.这个月这位科学家多次做这个实验●表示不久前刚结束的动作，这种语境通常根据上下文来判断，请观察以下句子Sorry!I’mlate.Howlonghaveyoubeenwaitingforme?抱歉，我来迟了.你等了多次长时间？b.hello!Atlast!Ihavebeentelephoningyouallthemorning.喂，可找着你了，我一早上都在给你打电话呢●

某些不能用于进行时的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时，只能用于完成时，这类动词有：see,hear,know,have(有）,like,be等感官动词和某些表示思维活动的动词，请观察以下句子a.Ihavebeenknowinghimformanyyears.(错误）Ihaveknownhimformanyyears.(正确）我认识他已经很多年了b.Theyhavebeenseeingthefilmthisweek.(错误)Theyhaveseenthefilmthisweek.(正确)这周他们已经看过这部电影了◆

现在完成进行时的基本形式（以动词do为例），请观察下表肯定式否定式一般疑问式及回答Hehasbeendongsth.Hehasn’tbeendoingsth.Hashe/she/itbeendoing?Yes,he/she/ithas.No,he/she/ithasn’tShehasbeendoingsth.Shehasn’tbeendoingsth.Ithasbeendoingsth.Ithasn’tbeendoingsth.Ihavebeendoingsth.Ihaven’tbeendoingsth.HaveI/we/you/theybeenDoingsth.?Yes,you/we/I/theyhave.No,you/we/I/theyhaven’tWehavebeendoingsth.Wehaven’tbeendoingsth.Youhavebeendoingsth.Youhaven’tbeendoingsth.Theyhavebeendoingsth.Theyhaven’tbeendoingsth.◆时现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别●现在完成时表示曾经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或动作已经完成，而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续，请观察以下句子a.Hehasinterviewedthefamoustabletennisplayer.他采访了那位著名的乒乓球运动员b.Hehasbeeninterviewingthefamoustabletennisplayer.他一直在采访那位著名的乒乓球运动员●现在完成时强调动作的最后结果，而现在完成进行时则强调动作的直接结果，请观察以下句子Theboyhasfinishedhishomework.Hecangoouttoplay.这个男孩儿做完了作业，可以出去玩耍了Youlooktired.Whathaveyoubeendoing?你看起来很累的样子，你一直在做什么？●

现在完成时有时可以和现在完成进行时互换,但必须时延续性动词,如果强调动作的未完成性或持续性,多半用现在完成进行时,请观察以下句子a.TheladyhaslivedinShanghaiforthreeyears.TheladyhasbeenlivinginShanghaiforthreeyears.b.Theforeignerhasworkedinthecompanytheseyears.Theforeignerhasbeenworkinginthecompanytheseyears.c.Hehasbeenlivingheresincehewasborn.◆

考点训练1.--I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.--Ithinkso.He________foritformonths.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe_______afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen

DCD●从A、B、C、D.四个选项中选出最佳选项4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe______Englishforayear.studiesB.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudying5.Danny_________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.hadworked6.--Ihavegotaheadache.--Nowonder.You_______infrontofthatcomputertoolong.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.workedDCC7.Theunemploymentrateinthisdistrict_______from6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.hasfallenB.hadfallenC.isfallingD.wasfalling8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy__________goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider9.--______you_____himaroundthemuseumyet?--Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show

ABA10.--Hi,Tracy，youlookpale.--Iamtired.I_______thelivingroomallday.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpainting