翻译二级笔译实务2008年05月

翻译二级笔译实务2008年05月SectionⅠEnglish-ChineseTranslationPartACompulsoryTranslation1.

Ifaheavyrelia（江南博哥）nceonfossilfuelsmakesacountryaclimateogre,thenDenmark—withitsthousandsofwindturbinessprinkledonthecoastlinesandatsea—islivingahappyfairytale.

ViewedfromtheUnitedStatesorAsia,Denmarkisanenvironmentalrolemodel.Thecountryis"whataglobalwarmingsolutionlookslike,"wroteFrancesBeinecke,thepresidentoftheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil,inalettertothegrouplastautumn.Aboutone-fifthofthecountry'selectricitycomesfromwind,whichwindexpertssayisthehighestproportionofanycountry.

ButacloserlookshowsthatDenmarkisafarcryfromaclean-energyparadise.

Thebuildingofwindturbineshasvirtuallygroundtoahaltsincesubsidieswerecutback.Meanwhile,comparedwithothersintheEuropeanUnion,Danesremainabove-averageemittersofthegreenhousegascarbondioxide.Forallitswindturbines,alargeproportionoftherestofDenmark'spowerisgeneratedbyplantsthatburnimportedcoal.

TheDanishexperienceshowshowdifficultitcanbeforcountriesgrownrichonfossilfuelstoswitchtorenewableenergysourceslikewindpower.Amongthehurdlesarefluctuatingpoliticalpriorities,thehighcostofputtingnewturbinesoffshore,concernaboutpublicacceptanceoflargewindturbinesandthevolatilityofthewinditself.

"Europehasreallyledtheway,"saidAlexKlein,asenioranalystwithEmergingEnergyResearch,aconsultingfirmwithofficesinCambridge,Massachusetts.

SomepartsofwesternDenmarkderive100percentoftheirpeakneedsfromwindifthebreezeisup.GermanyandSpaingeneratemorepowerinabsoluteterms,butinthosecountrieswindstillaccountsforafarsmallerproportionoftheelectricitygenerated.Theaverageforall27EuropeanUnioncountriesis3percent.

ButtheGermansandtheSpanisharecatchingupasDenmarkslowsdown.Ofthethousandsofmegawattsofwindpoweraddedlastyeararoundtheworld,only8megawattswereinstalledinDenmark.

Ifhighersubsidieshadbeenmaintained,hesaid,Denmarkcouldnowbegeneratingclosetoone-third—ratherthanone-fifth—ofitselectricityfromwindmills.正确答案：如果一个国家因严重依赖化石燃料而成为导致气候变化的恶魔的话，那么丹麦这个拥有数千个沿海和海上风力发电机组的国家算得上是生活在童话里的幸福国度了。

在美国和亚洲各国看来，丹麦是环保领域的典范。自然资源保护委员会主席弗朗西斯·贝尼克去年秋天致该委员会的信中说，丹麦“是应对全球变暖的样板”。丹麦风力发电量占全国发电总量的1/5左右，风能专家称这一比例列世界之首。

不过，如果再仔细分析一下就会发现，丹麦也远非利用清洁能源的“天堂”。

自丹麦削减风力发电补贴以来，风力发电机组建设实际上已经陷入停滞状态。同时，与欧盟其他成员国相比，丹麦的二氧化碳排放量要高于欧盟平均水平。尽管丹麦安装了众多风力发电机组，但是丹麦很大程度上仍然依靠火电站发电，而且电煤也需要进口。

一个国家依靠化石燃料发展起来后，再想转型依靠风能等可再生能源绝非易事，丹麦即是一例。风力发电遇到诸多阻碍，包括政府的政策重点不断调整，海上修建新风力发电厂成本较高，公众能否接受大型风力发电机组建设存疑，风力自身也具有不稳定性。

咨询公司美国新能源研究中心在马萨诸塞州剑桥设有多个办事处，该公司的高级分析师阿历克斯·克莱恩说：“(在清洁能源发展方面)欧洲确实引领世界。”

如果风力理想的话，丹麦西部一些地区用电高峰期的所有电力供应都来自风力发电。就风力绝对发电量而言，德国和西班牙都超过了丹麦，但是风力发电在这两国发电总量中所占的比重要比丹麦小得多。欧盟27国中风力发电所占比重平均为3%。

不过，由于丹麦现在放慢了风力发电的发展步伐，德、西两国现正迎头赶上。去年全球共新增风力发电装机容量数千兆瓦，丹麦仅为8兆瓦。

克莱恩说，如果丹麦当初没有削减补贴的话，风力发电所占比重应该早就从现在的1/5上升到近1/3了。

PartBChoiceofTwoTranslationsTopic11.

ONEDAYinFebruary1926anunknownAmericanwriterwalkedoutofaNewYorksnowstormandintohistory.Animportantpieceofthathistoryisnowindangerofbeinglostforever,caughtinthecontroversyovertheUStradeembargoagainstCuba.

TheunknownwriterwasErnestHemingway,andtheNewYorkofficehewalkedintowasthatofMaxwellPerkins,themostfamousAmericanliteraryeditorofhisday.

Itisdifficulttoconceive—80yearsandanincandescentliterarycareerlater—theideaofpublishingthe26-year-oldHemingwaywasabigrisk.Hemingwayhadnotyetpublishedanovel.Indeed,hisonlypublishedfictionconsistedofafewshortstoriesandpoems,mostlyinobscureParisliteraryjournals.

YetMr.Perkins,asHemingwaywastocallhimforyearsafterwards,evenaftertheyhadbecomeclosefriends,tooktherisk.Onthespot,heofferedHemingwayadealincludedagenerous$1,500advanceonanunfinished,unnamednovelthatPerkinshadnotevenseen.

HemingwayandPerkinsbeganacorrespondencethatlastedfor21years,untilPerkins'sdeathin1947.AnumberofthoselettersarenowhousedinCuba,atFincaVigia,whereHemingwaylivedlongerthananywhereelse.

Butthehouseisindangerofcollapse.

AgroupofAmericansistryingtosavethehouseanditscontents.YettheUSgovernmentwon'tletthem.

TheTreasuryDepartmentrecentlyturneddowntheHemingwayPreservationFoundation'sapplicationforalicensetopermititsarchitects,engineers,andconsultantstotraveltoCubatoresearchafeasibilitystudytohelptheCubanssaveFincaVigia.Thisdenial,whichiscontrarytotheletterandspiritofthelaw,isbeingappealed.正确答案：1926年2月的一天，纽约大雪纷飞，这一天，一位默默无闻的美国作家踏入了永垂史册的机会之门。如今，由于美国对古巴实施贸易禁运引发争议，那段历史的重要记忆也因而面临永久消失的危险。

这位当时名不见经传的作家就是欧内斯特·海明威，他所踏入的机会之门就是麦克斯威尔·柏金斯在纽约的办公室。柏金斯是美国当时赫赫有名的文学编辑。

80年过去了，自己也经历了辉煌的文学生涯，现在再回顾当时，确实让人难以想象，海明威当时才26岁，为这样毫无名气的年轻人出书可是冒了不小的风险。海明威那时还没出版过一部长篇小说，事实上，他所出版的唯一的小说收集了他的一些短篇小说和诗歌，其中大部分也只是发表在巴黎一些没有名气的文学期刊上。

不过，柏金斯先生这次甘愿冒险。从最初相识到相知多年后海明成对他一直以柏金斯先生相称，甚至两人成了密友之后也是如此。当时柏金斯还没有看过海明威的那篇小说，而且小说还没写完，甚至连书名都还没有，但是，柏金斯当即给海明威开出了优厚条件，包括支付他1500美元的定金。

海明威和柏金斯从此开始了长达21年的书信往来，直到1947年柏金斯去世。海明威一生在古巴的嘹望山庄生活时间最长，现在这里还收藏着两人的部分书信真迹。

但是，嘹望山庄现在有坍塌之虞。

一些美国人试图要拯救这座山庄及其藏品，但是美国政府却横加阻挠。

海明威保护基金会曾提出申请，希望能获得许可，派一批建筑师、工程师和顾问前往古巴进行可行性研究，帮助古巴人拯救嘹望山庄，但是，美国财政部最近拒绝了这一申请。申请遭拒违背了相关法律条文和精神，现在该基金会正据此提出上诉。

Topic2缺SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslationPartACompulsoryTranslation1.

从19世纪40年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争，到庚子之乱乃至20世纪30年代的日本侵华战争，中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺；再加上封建腐败和连年内乱，中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。

1949年新中国成立后，我们在发展道路上艰辛探索，既经历过成功的喜悦，也经受过失败的挫折。从1978年开始，中国开启了新的征程，从计划转向市场，从封闭转向开放，从自成一体转向融入经济全球化，走独立自主地建设中国特色社会主义的道路，取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明，坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的，既符合中国国情，又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路，坚定不移地走下去。正确答案：译文一

FromtheOpiumWarandtheFirstSino-JapaneseWarafterthe1840s,China'sWaronForeignInvaders1900totheJapaneseWarofAggressionagainstChinain1930s,ChinawassubjecttothebutcheringofthethenstrongpowersintheWestandEastandtheirextremelybarbarianeconomicdepredation.This,coupledwithfeudalcorruptionandyearsofsuccessivecivilstrifeandchaos,ledtothelossofChina'ssovereigntyandthehorrendoussufferingofherpeople,hernationalstrengthfailingandpeoplebarelysurviving.ThegravedisastersandtheharshfactshaveingraineddeeplyintotheChinesenationthevalueofpeaceandtheimportanceofdevelopment.SuchahistoricexperiencehasshapedthepsychologyoftheChinesepeopleinourquestforpeaceandhopeforstability,consolidatingourbeliefinfollowingapathtopeacefuldevelopment.

AfterthefoundingofNewChinain1949,wehavemadearduousexplorationsinthecourseofourdevelopment,goingthroughboththejoysofsuccessandthefrustrationsoffailure.Startingfrom1978,Chinahasembarkedonanewjourneyoftransformingfromaplannedtoamarketeconomy,fromcloistered-uptoopening-up,fromexclusiveself-sustainingtointegrationintoglobalization.ByfollowingapathofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsinanindependentandself-reliantmanner,wehavescoredgloriousachievementsthatattractedworldwideattention.Practicehasamplydemonstratedthatitisrighttoadheretoapathofpeacefuldevelopment,asitconformstobothChina'srealityandthetrendofthetimes.Chinawillunswervinglymarchonwardalongsidethispathtopeacefuldevelopment.

译文二

FromtheOpiumWarsthatravagedChinainthe1840sand1860sthroughtheSino-JapaneseWarthatbrokeoutin1894totheJapaneseAggressionWaronChinathatstartedin1930s,ChinawassubjectedtomercilessslaughteringandbrutaleconomicplunderingbybothOccidentalandOrientalimperialpowers.Theexternalbullyingandoppression,coupledwithoutrageouscorruptionoffeudalimperialcourtsandincessantturmoilandchaosarisingfromwithin,deprivedthenationofsovereignty,plungedthepeopleintomiseryandsuffering,anddrasticallydebilitatedthecountry.Withuntoldsufferingandtragicepisodesinmind,theChinesenationiskeenlyawareofhowpeaceshallbecherishedanddevelopmentvalued.ItisoutofthishistoricalcontextthattheChinesepeoplehaveshapedtheircravingforpeaceandaspirationforstability.Whathappenedinthathumiliatingpartofhistoryhasentrenched/anchoredtheChinesepeople'sconvictioninfollowingapathtopeacefuldevelopment.

ThefoundingofnewChinain1949hasbeenfollowedbystrenuousexplorationsthathaveproducedamixofsuccessesandfailures,excitingprogressandfrustratingsetbacks.Chinaembarkedonawhole-newjourneyin1978,movingawayfromplannedeconomytomarket-orientedpracticesandfromself-seclusiontoopening-up.ChinahassincebeenintegratingitselfintotheglobaleconomyandremainedcommittedtobuildingsocialismwithdistinctiveChinesefeaturesonitsown.Theremarkableachievementswehaveaccomplishedovertheyearstestifytothefactthattheroadtopeacefuldevelopmentiscorrect,asitconformstonotonlyChina'snationalrealitybutalsothedefiningtrendofourtimes.Chinawillstaycommittedtopeacefulrisedowntheroad.

PartBChoiceofTwoTranslationsTopic11.

1968年我从北京来到陕西，唯一挂念的是在故乡身患绝症的老母亲。母亲的时日已经不多，身边再无亲人，离别成为我心中最沉重的痛。唯一能传递母亲信息的就是那枚小小的邮票。

母亲当时已经双目失明，信是让别人代写的，内容千篇一律的干枯，邮票却是母亲自己摸索着贴上去的，她贴了一叠信封，随用随取，为的是不给别人添麻烦。

每回接到母亲来信，我都要抚摸贴在信封右上角的邮票，那是母亲亲手贴上去的，它贴得规正却无画面感，很多时候是头朝下的，因为母亲根本看不见，她是凭感觉在贴。邮票残留着母亲的手印，承载着母亲的挂念，那上面有母亲的气息。凝视中，我常常泪眼模糊……

邮票是母亲的替代。我对邮票的认识源自于此。正确答案：WhenImovedfromBeijingtoShaanxiinnorthwesternChinain1968,theonlypersonIwasconcernedaboutwasmymother,leftinthehometownaloneandterminallyill.Partingwithherweighedoverwhelminglyheavyonmymind,asherdayswereliterallynumberedbuttherewasnofamilyaroundher.Theonlyvehicleofcommunicationbetweenmotherandmewasatinystamp.

Backthenmotherlostallhersightandhadtoturntoghostwriters.Assuch,lettersfromherwereinvariablycutanddried,butwerestampedbymotherherself.Blindasshewas,shegropedfortherightcornertoputastampon.Shetypicallygotapileofenvelopesstampedallatoncesimplytosavetroubleforherhelpers.

Eachtimeherletterarrived,Iwouldroutinelymakeapointoffeelingthestamppastedontheupperrightcorneroftheenvelope.Thestampingwasherjob,doneniceandwell,butneverevokedapicture,asinmanycasesstampswereputupsidedownduetoherlossofsight.Afterall,beingblind,shedidallthisbasedtotallyonruleofthumb.Stampscarriedherfingerprintscommunicatingmotherlyloveandcare.Onthatnote,myeyeswereoftenblurredwithtearswheneverIgazedatthestampofeachletterfromher.

Stampsinthissensestandformother,andthatishowIstartedtounderstandthemeaningofstamps.

Topic21.

2007年1月28日清晨，一列我国最新CRH高速动车组列车在上海南站首次亮相，标志着中国铁路进入一个全新时代。

新型CRH高速列车最高时速可达250公里，目前运行时速160公里。共有200名乘客见证了列车从