2024-2025学年高中英语课时作业1Unit1GreatscientistsWarmingUpReading含解析新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists课时作业1WarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.单词拼法1．KindnessisoneoftheyoungEnglishteacher'scharacteristics(特征)．2．Ifadoctorcuressomeone'sillness,hemakesthepersonwellagain.3．Don'tjumptotheconclusionbeforeyoumakeacarefulinvestigation.4．Howmanypeopleattended(参与)yoursister'sweddingyesterday?5．Theysuspect/suspected(怀疑)meofhavingahandintheaffair.6．Noonecouldforesee(预见)one'sownfutureaccurately.7．Ifyouanalyse(分析)something,youconsideritcarefullyorusesomemethodsinordertofullyunderstandit.8．Don'texpose(暴露)yourskintothesunoryouwillbeburnt.9．Waterandsaltareabsorbed(汲取)intoourbloodeveryday.10．Itisdifficulttohandle(操纵)themachine.Ⅱ.选词填空beexposedto,drawaconclusion,bereadyto,putforward,beabsorbedin,betoblame,link...to,lookinto,everytime,findout1．Iwas_absorbed_inthebooksothatIdidn'thearyoucomein.2．Theideayouput_forwardatthemeetingyesterdayismorepracticalthanhis.3．Thepublicwanttoknowwhois_to_blamefortheaccident.4．Thedoctorexaminedthepatientcarefullyandthendrew_a_conclusion.5．Ifyouare_exposed_toEnglishreadingandlisteningeveryday,youaresuretomakemuchprogressinit.6．Hetookaglanceatthebackofthebooktofind_outtheanswerstothequestions.7．Ifyoubehavesofoolishly,youmustbe_ready_totaketheconsequences.8．Every_timeKobevisitsChina,hereceivesawarmwelcomefromhisChinesefans.9．Issmokinglinked_tolungcancer?10．Thepolicepromisedtolook_intotheaccident.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Wearesurprisedtoseeyourillnesslinked(link)tothefoodyoueateveryday.2．Attheendoftheirmeeting,itwas_announced(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.3．Exposed(expose)tosomanyadvertisements,wecan'thelpbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingwedon'treallyneed.4．Theriverissopolluted(pollute)thatitisunsafeforswimmingandfishing.5．Bothscatteringandabsorption(absorb)makeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.6．Byanalysing(analyse)thepartsofthesentencewelearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.7．Hewasdeterminedtofindoutthereasonwhycholerawassosevereinthisarea.8．JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.9．Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?10．Aneffectivecureforcancerhasnotyetbeenfound.Ⅳ.课文语法填空JohnSnow,awell－knowndoctorinLondon,became1.inspired(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople2.exposed(expose)tocholera,a3.deadly(die)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeopledied4.whenevertherewasanoutbreakbecausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories5.explaining(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory6.that/whichsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed(absorb)thediseasewiththeirmeals.In1854,whenanotheroutbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotest8.thetwotheories.9.Withthehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10.to_blame(blame).“KingCholera”wasfinallydefeated.阅读理解AWhataScientistIsLikeIfyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?Thecommonideathatmostkidsfromkindergartenthroughcollegehaveofascientistisamanwearingawhitelabcoatwithmessyhair,bigglasses,andseveralglasscupsofmysteriouscolourfulliquidsgivingoffcloudsofsmoke.Asforadults,themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory.However,therealityisquitedifferent.RecentlyI'vehadachancetotakepartinascientificexperiencefarfrommylaboratoryandintoCostaRica.ItsupportsahugeamountofwildlifeduetoitsgeographicalplacementbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.Itishometomorethan500,000species,whichareatpresentnearly4%ofthetotalspeciesworldwide!Firstweworkedalongsideconservationiststopreservewildlifeataleatherbackturtle(棱皮龟)rescuecentre.Wehelpedthevolunteerspreserveturtlepopulationsbyremovingrubbishfromtheshorelinetocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.AfterthatwestayedatMountDuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn'tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight.Ascientistisonewholoveslearningandgettingabetterunderstandingoftheworldfromhelpingpreservewildlife,learningaboutearthquakesorinventingrockets.Ithinkthatschoolsshouldreallystressthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring!人们通常认为科学家成天在试验室做着无聊的试验。作者通过自己的亲身经验告知人们，科学家并不是人们通常所认为的样子，以此激励孩子们要酷爱科学，并去探讨科学。1．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,scientistsareoftenbelieved________.A．toworkasslavesB．tobehaveinastrangewayC．tospendtoomuchtimeinlabsD．todoexperimentsinmessylabs答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段的themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory可知，人们通常认为科学家大多数时间都在试验室做试验。故选C项。2．Howdidtheauthorhelptopreservetheturtlepopulations?A．Bycreatingasafenestforturtles.B．Bypickinguprubbishfromtheshoreline.C．Bycollectingtheturtleeggsonthebeach.D．Byfindingacomfortableenvironmentforturtles.答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的Wehelpedthevolunteerspreserveturtlepopulationsbyremovingrubbishfromtheshorelinetocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.可知，作者是通过清除海岸上的垃圾来爱护海龟蛋使其顺当出壳的方式帮助海龟的。故选B项。3．Whatdoestheauthorlearnaboutsciencefromhisexperience?A．Scienceisfullofboringexperiments.B．Scienceismorethanworkinginalab.C．Scienceisrelatedtomysteriousliquids.D．Scienceisaboutwildlifeandearthquakes.答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn'tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight可知，作者通过这次经验，了解了科学家并非总是日夜在试验室工作。故选B项。4．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Toencouragekidstostudyscience.B．TotellthestoryoftravellinginCostaRica.C．ToexpectmorepeopletotravelinCostaRica.D．Tosharethesecretsbehindsciencephenomena.答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段中的Ithinkthatschoolsshouldreallystressthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring！可推知作者写这篇文章的目的是激励孩子们去学习科学，真正了解科学。BBabiesteachtheirolderbrothersandsistersempathy(同感),accordingtoanewresearch.Empathymeansunderstandingandenteringothers'feelings.Untilnow,youngerkidshavegenerallybeenregardedtolearnplentyfromtheirolderbrothersorsistersbutdon'tgivebackmuch.Butthisstudy,publishedinChildDevelopmentconfirmsthatyoungersiblings(兄弟姐妹)ensuretheirbigbrothersandsistersdon'tgrowintodisgustingpeople—noeasytask.“Althoughit'sassumedthatoldersiblingsandparentshavetheprimarysocializinginfluencesonyoungersiblings'developmentbutnotviceversa,wefoundthatbothyoungerandoldersiblingspositivelycontributedtoeachother'sempathyovertime，”studyco­authorMarcJambonsaidinastatement.Priorsiblingstudieshavefocusedontheinfluenceofolderbrothersandsisters,probablybecausetheirimpactismostobvious.Asonereviewofliteraturenotes,studieshaveshownthatoldersiblingsinfluenceeverythingfromtheiryoungersiblings'motordevelopmenttotheirriskofsmokinglaterinlife.Andalthoughseparatedstudieshavetriedtopin_downeffectsthatyoungersiblingshaveontheiroldersiblings,theinfluenceofbabybrothersandsistersremainsunclear.Forthisnewstudy,Jambonandhiscolleaguesrecruited(招募)adiversegroupof452Canadiansiblingpairsbetweentheagesof18monthsandfouryears.Atthestartofthestudy,individualresearchersassessedchildren'sbaselineempathylevelsbyvisitingthekidsathomeandthenpretendingtohurtthemselvesorbreakavaluableitem.Eighteenmonthslater,theyfoundsmallbutsignificantincreasesinempathy.Oneunexpectedexception—oldersistersdidnotappeartoexperienceincreasedempathyafter18monthslivingwiththeirlittlebrothers,specifically.Theresearchersaren'tsurewhythisexceptionappeared,andtheyrecommendthatfuturestudiesdiveintomorecomplexphenomena.一项新的探讨表明婴儿教他们的哥哥姐姐有同理心，兄弟姐妹们在一起能以主动的方式相互影响，但还有许多问题要进一步深化探讨才能确定。5．Whathasbeenfoundinthenewresearch?A．Youngkidscouldshowmoresympathyonothers.B．Youngsiblingsknowmoreaboutempathythantheolder.