山东专用2024高考英语一轮复习课时作业28选修6Ahealthylife含解析

PAGE课时作业28AhealthylifeⅠ.阅读理解ADoyouliketoflauntyourexpensiveitems?Youcouldfindyourselfwithoutfriends!Scientistsprovethatexpensivestatussymbolsmakeyoulooklesssociallyattractive.ItemssuchasafancycarandaRolexwatchareoftenthoughttoincreaseoursocialstandingandoftencomewithahighpricetag(标签).Accordingtothelatestresearch,however,ithastheoppositeeffectandpeoplewouldprefertobefriendswithsomeonewhoplaceslessvalueonmaterialobjects.“Oftenwethinkthatstatussymbolswillmakeuslookmoresociallyattractivetoothers，”saysStephenGarcia,thestudy'sleadauthorfromtheUniversityofTheresearchersconductedsixstudieswhichassessedhowpeoplepresentedthemselvesandhowpeopleviewedstrangers.Peoplewhochosetowearhigherstatusitemstendedtogetanegativeresponse,butpeoplewantedtobefriendswithpeoplewhopreferredlowerstatussymbols.Thestudytooktheroleoftheluxuryitemtoseeifitwaspossiblethattheexpensiveitemitselfplayedapartinpeople'sreactions.Thedefinitionofastatussymbolchangedbasedonaperson'ssocioeconomicstatus,butthesameeffectofkeepingoffpotentialfriendswasseenregardlessofsocialposition.“Atasociallevel,wemaybewastingbillionsofdollarsonexpensivestatussymbolsthatfinallykeepothersfromwantingtoassociatewithus，”saysKimberleeWeaverLivnatattheUniversityofHowever,PatriciaChenoftheNationalUniversityofSingaporesaidthisdoesnotnecessarilymeanstatussymbolsareabadthing.Shesays,“Ourfindingsrightnowonlyapplytotheformationofnewfriendships.Statussymbolsmaybebeneficialatothertimesandinothersettings,suchaswhentryingtoestablishnewbusinesscontacts.”本文是一篇说明文。探讨表明昂贵的身份标记性的物品不肯定会有利于提高人的魅力，反而会阻碍人结识新的挚友。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flaunt”inParagraph1mean?A．Showoff. B．Getridof.C．Giveaway. D．Handin.答案：A解析：词义揣测题。依据下文Scientistsprovethatexpensivestatussymbolsmakeyoulooklesssociallyattractive.(科学家证明，昂贵的身份象征会让你在社交上显得不那么有吸引力。)可知，昂贵的身份标记性的物品不利于交友，而喜爱炫耀的人可能会没有挚友。故可知画线部分单词意思为“炫耀”。2．Whichisthenegativeinfluenceofexpensivestatussymbols?A．Loweringpeople'ssocialstatus.B．Preventingpeoplefrommakingfriends.C．Doingharmtopeople'shealthabsolutely.D．Changingpeople'sconsumptionconcept.答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中ItemssuchasafancycarandaRolexwatchareoftenthoughttoincreaseoursocialstandingandoftencomewithahighpricetag.Accordingtothelatestresearch,however,ithastheoppositeeffectandpeoplewouldprefertobefriendswithsomeonewhoplaceslessvalueonmaterialobjects.(像豪车和劳力士手表这样的物品通常被认为可以提高我们的社会地位，而且往往价格不菲。然而，依据最新的探讨，它有相反的效果，人们更情愿和那些不太重视物质的人交挚友。)可知，昂贵的地位象征的负面影响是会阻挡人们交挚友。3．Whomaybemorepopularamongfriendsaccordingtothetext?A．Peoplewhoareveryrich.B．Peoplewithhighsocialstatus.C．Peoplewhokeepalowprofile.D．Peoplewithcharmingappearance.答案：C解析：推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句Peoplewhochosetowearhigherstatusitemstendedtogetanegativeresponse,butpeoplewantedtobefriendswithpeoplewhopreferredlowerstatussymbols.(那些选择穿显示地位高的衣服的人往往会得到负面的回应，但人们希望与那些更喜爱低地位象征的人交挚友。)可知，低调而不喜爱炫富的人会更加受欢迎。BForyearstheItaliancityofVenicehasbeenstrugglingwithafewconcerns.SaintMark'sSquareisoftenflooded.Venice'swaterwaysrequirerepairs.But,byfar,thebiggestproblemistherapidlygrowingnumberofvisitorstothecity.SocityofficialshavedecidedtorequireallvisitorstopayafeetoenterVenice.Themoneywillhelptopayforcleaningandotherservicesthathelptokeepthecitybeautiful.Venice'sMayorLuigiBrugnaroexplainedthedecisiontointernationalmediaduringavisittoRomelastweek.“Veniceisawonderoftheworldandonlyinthiswaycanitbesaved，”themayorsaid.“Thefeeprocesswillbeexperimentalatfirst，”headded.Aone­dayvisitwillcostabout$7.Cityofficialshaveyettodecidewhenthefeecollectionwillbegin.ThemoneywillbecollectedbytransportcompaniesthatbringthetouriststoVenice.Thecitywillsetupcamerasforthosearrivinginprivatecars.Andtherewillbefinesforthosewhodonotpaythefee.Students,someworkersandchildrenundertheageofsixwillnothavetopay.Naturally,anyonebornorlivinginVeniceisexempt.Cityofficialshopethiswillpreventtheovercrowdingthatoftencomeswithlargenumbersoftourists.SomepeoplelivinginVenicesaytheydonotbelievethefeeplanwillwork.LawyerRobertaPierabonsaysitwillbeimpossibletocollectthemoneyfromeveryonewhovisitsthecity.Visitorsarrivefromallsides.Shedoesnotbelievetouristscanbecontrolledandaddsthatshedisapprovesoftheplan.OtherVenetiansliketheidea.Theysayitwillmaketourismlessaggressive.Venetianslovetheircityandknowitwillneverstopappealingtovisitors.Veniceissospecial,theysay,thatitbelongstothewholeofhumanity.由于水城威尼斯的旅游人数暴增，政府确定游客需付费才能进入威尼斯，对于这一确定，人们看法不一。4．WhatisthebiggestproblemthatarisesinVenice?A．Thevisitorboom. B．Thepoorcityservice.C．Thefrequentflood. D．Thewaterwayrepair.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“But,byfar,thebiggestproblemistherapidlygrowingnumberofvisitorstothecity”可知，威尼斯当前面临的最大问题是旅游人数暴增。故A项正确。5．Howwillcityofficialsdealwiththebigproblem?A．Byeducatingcitizens.B．Bychargingfees.C．Bydoingexperiments.D．Byturningtothemedia.答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“SocityofficialshavedecidedtorequireallvisitorstopayafeetoenterVenice”可知，威尼斯市官员们确定，游客须要付费才能进入威尼斯。故B项正确。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exempt”probablymeaninParagraph4?A．Askedtostay. B．Permittedtosettle.C．Requirednottoenter. D．Allowednottopay.答案：D解析：词义揣测题。依据第四段中的“Students,someworkersandchildrenundertheageofsixwillnothavetopay.Naturally,anyonebornorlivinginVenice”可知，学生、一些职工和六岁以下的儿童将不用付费。由此推知，当然，诞生或者居住在威尼斯的人也不用付费。故D项正确。7．Whoopposedthefeeplan?A．MayorLuigiBrugnaro. B．AllVenetians.C．LawyerRobertaPierabon. D．Cityofficials.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“LawyerRobertaPierabon...Shedoesnotbelievetouristscanbecontrolledandaddsthatshedisapprovesoftheplan”可知，LawyerRobertaPierabon认为游客不会被限制，她还补充说她不赞成这个安排。故C项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空Lastweek26­year­oldZiontookaseatandputhisfoodonatableataMcDonald's.Hewasintendingto__1__breakfastbyhimselfwhen70­year­oldJane,whoislivingalone,__2__Zion.Thensheaskedinaweakvoiceifshecouldsharethetablewithhim.Zionsaid“yes”__3__.Zionintroducedhimselfandshookthelittlelady's__4__hand.Theydidn'tknoweachother,andtheycouldn'tbemore__5__.Buttodaytheyhadamealtogetherandspentthenext45minutesenjoyingeachother's__6__andsharingstoriesabouttheirlives.Liketheywerefriends,theytalkedand__7__together.Whentheirtimetogethercametoanend,Zion__8__hertohercarandtheyexchangednumberswiththeintentionofhavingabreakfastagainsoon.“Sheissucha__9__woman，”Zionrecalled.“Shementionedmanytimeshowweallshouldloveoneanotherandhowweshouldnot__10__anyonebecauseyouneverknowhowtheirdayisgoingandwhattheyhavegonethrough.”Zionisgladthathis__11__conversationwithJanecouldinspiresomanypeople,buthesaysthatheismostlyjusthappytohaveanew__12__.Hesaysthatheisveryexcitedtosetupanotherbreakfastdate.“I'll__13__trying，”saidZion.“Iknowifwehadforevershewouldhavea__14__formeforeveryday.”Everystrangerhasthepotentialtofosteranewfriendship.Their__15__storyhasbeenpostedonsocialmediaanditmeltsourhearts.NowtheyareInternetfamous.Zion在吃早饭的时候，偶然遇到了70岁的Jane，他们在吃饭期间共享了自己的故事，双方都特别快乐；吃完早饭后，他们互留联系方式希望再约一起吃早餐的时间。他们的故事让许多人深受鼓舞。1．A.prepare B．orderC．eat D．finish答案：C解析：依据前一句中的“puthisfoodonatableataMcDonald's”可知，Zion正打算吃早餐。故选C。2．A.invited B．approachedC．recognized D．greeted答案：B解析：依据后文中的“Thensheaskedinaweakvoice”可知，Jane先是靠近Zion所在的桌子，然后起先询问。故选B。3．A.enthusiastically B．casuallyC．nervously D．anxiously答案：A解析：依据其次段第一句可知，Zion介绍自己，并与Jane握手，由此可以推想出，Zion对Jane的恳求的看法应当是主动的，故选A，意为“热忱地”。casually“随意地”。4．A.delicate B．strongC．wrinkled D．skilled答案：C解析：依据第一段其次句中的“70­year­old”可以推想出，Jane的手应当是布满皱纹的，故选C。5．A.popular B．differentC．friendly D．admirable答案：B解析：他们一个26岁，一个70岁，彼此并不相识，也完全不同。故选B。6．A.success B．peaceC．freedom D．company答案：D解析：依据该空前后的内容可知，今日他们可以共进早餐，并且还能共享彼此的故事。由此可以推想出，他们在接下来的45分钟里，彼此陪伴。故选D。7．A.laughed B．playedC．cheered D．teased答案：A解析：依据该空前的内容可知，他们像挚友一样，不断地交谈，哈哈大笑。故选A。8．A.carried B．ledC．walked D．drove答案：C解析：依据第一段内容可知，Jane已经70岁了，故在早餐结束后，Zion护送她上车。walk意为“陪伴……走，护送……走”，故选C。9．A.wonderful B．silentC．generous D．content答案：A解