专题24安全防护 -备战2022年中考英语阅读理解热点话题特训

24安全防护Passage1OneSundayevening,itwasquitedarkwhenoldStanleywentforhiswalk.Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed(速度).Itwasgoingtoofastandhitaredcarinthestreet.Heranuptothecarstoseeifanyonewashurtandneededhelp.Thetwodriverswerearguing(争论).“Youcamearoundthecornertoofast,”onemansaid.“No!”saidthedriverofthewhitecar,“That’snottrue!Yourcarwasparkedinawrongplace.”Stanleylistenedtotheirargumentandthensaidthewhitecardriverwaswrongtodrivetoofast.ThedriverofredcaraskedStanleytoprove（证明）hewasrightincourt(法庭).Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephonenumber.Incourt,thelawyer(律师)forthedriverofthewhitecaraskedStanleyhowoldhewas.“I’meighty-two,”answeredStanley.“Doyouusuallywearglasses?”askedthelawyer.“Yes,Ido,”answeredStanley.“Wereyouwearingthemonthenightoftheaccident?”thelawyerasked.“No,”repliedStanley.Thenthelawyersaid,“Whyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty-twoyearsold,youwerenotwearingyourglasses,anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?”Stanleythoughtaboutitforaminute.“Well,”hesaid,“whenit’sdark,Icanseethemoon.Howfaristhat?”ChoosethebestchoicefromA、BorCaccordingtowhatyouread.1．Thecaraccidenthappened________.A．oneSundaymorning B．onemorning C．oneSundayevening2．Thecauseoftheaccidentisthat________.A．theredcarwasgoingtooslowly B．thewhitecarwasgoingtoofast C．thedriversweresleepy3．Stanleywasaskedtogotothecourtbecause________.A．hewantedtomakemoney B．hepromisedtobeawitness（目击证人） C．hewasalawyer4．Maybetheredcardrivercontacted（联系）Stanleyby________.A．writingalettertohim B．sendinganemailtohim C．makingaphonecalltohim5．Wecanlearnfromthestorythat________.A．StanleywasacleverandhumorousmanB．StanleyworeglasseswhentheaccidenthappenedC．thelawyerthoughtthatStanleycouldseeclearlyPassage2Earthquakeshappenwithoutwarning（前兆）.Theycanhappenanytimeofaday,atanypointduringtheyear.Butdon’tworrybecausemostearthquakesaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.Onlyafewbigoneshurtpeople.However,it’simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.DoNOTgooutside.Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.Ifyouareoutside,stayawayfrombuildingsandpowerlines（输电线）.Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.Holdontoit.Orstayinacornerofthebuilding.Coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcoveryourmouthwithatowelorclothing.Stayinsideuntilshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Keepawayfromwindows,picturesoradvertisementsonthewallorthebuilding,andanythingelsethatcouldfallandhurtyou.Mostpeoplegetinjuredbyfallingthingsduringanearthquake,notbytheshakingitself.Alsokeepawayfromafire.Youcouldfalldownandburnyourselfonthefire.Ifyouaredrivingwhenanearthquakehappens,stopthecarifit’ssafe.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheearthquakestops,anddon’tdrivenearbridges.Trynottostopbypowerlinesortrees.Thesecouldfallandhurtyou.6．Mostearthquakesareso________thattheycan’thurtpeople.A．strong B．weak C．dangerous D．heavy7．Fromthepassage,whenanearthquakeishappening,weshould________.A．stayunderabigbuildingB．stayunderastrongfurnitureC．standbywindowsD．drivenearabigbridge8．Howmanywaysarementionedintheparagraph?A．Four B．Six C．Five D．Seven9．Thispassagetellsus________.A．howdangeroustheearthquakeisB．howtobesafeinanearthquakeC．weshouldn’tbeafraidoftheearthquakeD．howtheearthquakecomesintobeing10．Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe“________”.A．HowEarthquakesHappenB．HowtoDriveaCarC．WhatWeShouldDoinEarthquakesD．WhyEarthquakesHappenPassage3Beforegoingbacktoworkoneafternoon,PolicemanLitookabigbiteoutoftheredappleonhisdesk.Hehadnotimetoeathislunchthatday.Hewasbusydealingwithatrafficaccidentreport.ItseemedthatamannamedWangJiehadrunaredlight,runningintoanotherperson’scar.Buthesaidthatthelighthadbeengreenwhenhedroveacrossthecrossing.LidecidedtoquestionWangJieagain.Maybehecouldgetsomemoreinformationabouttheaccident.ThistimeWangJiestillinsisted（坚持）thatthelightwasgreenwhenhedroveacrossthecrossing.LihadnoreasontodoubtwhatWangJiesaid.HetoldWangJiethathewasfreetogo.“Thankyousomuch,PolicemanLiBytheway,thatgreenappleonyourdesklooksdelicious!Ihopeyouenjoyit!”WangJiesaidwithasmile.Listoppedforamoment.“Wait.Sitbackdown.Ithinkweneedtotalksomemore.”WhenWangJiedescribedLi’sredappleasbeinggreen,LirealizedthatWangJiemusthaverunaredlight.11．WhatcoloristheappleonPolicemanLi’sdesk?A．Red. B．Green. C．Colorful. D．Redandgreen.12．Theunderlinedwords“whatWangJiesaid”mean_________.A．WangJiehadrunaredlightB．WangJiedidn’trunintoanotherperson’scarC．thelightwasgreenwhenWangJiedroveacrossthecrossingD．thegreenappleonthedesklookeddelicious13．WhatdoyouthinkofPolicemanLi?A．Heislazy. B．Heisclever. C．Heisstupid. D．Heishandsome.14．Fromthepassagewecaninfer（推断）__________.A．WangJiecouldn’tdriveB．WangJiewasapolicemanC．WangJiestolesomethingD．WangJiemightbecolor-blindPassage4LastSaturday,Iwenttoacoffeeshoptomeetafriendofmine.Igottheretenminutesearlier.SoIorderedacupofcoffeeandsatbythewindow,watchingpeople.Thereweresomeboysplayingfootballonthestreetandasmallboywasrunningaftertheballasitrolledacrosstheroad.Suddenly,therecameacar.Itwasgoingveryfast.Whenthedriversawtheboyinhisway,hebraked(刹车)hard,Butitwastoolate…Thesmallboywaslyingonthestreetwithoutmoving.Toeveryone’ssurprise,thecardidn’tstop.Itdroveawayquickly.Peoplerantotheboy.Therewasacutontheboy’sheadandhelostalotofblood.Thecoffeeshopownertelephonedthepolice.Soonanambulance(救护车)arrivedandtooktheboytothehospital.At6:30pm,thepolicearrivedandstartedquestioningpeople.Abouthalfanhourlater,theyaskedmetogotothepolicestationbecauseIsaweverything.IgavethemalltheinformationIknewbecauseIreallywantedthemtocatchthedriver.Ididn’tleavethepolicestationuntil8:00pm.AfterthatIwenthomebecauseIdidn’twanttotalktoanyone.Thenextday,theboy’sparentscalledmetosaythanks.Theyalsotoldmetheirboywasfineandthedriverwasatthepolicestationnow.15．Whydidthewritergotothecoffeeshop?A．Torelaxhimself. B．Tomeethisfriend.C．Tohelpaboy. D．Towatchpeople.16．Whathappenedtotheboywhilehewasrunningafterthefootball?A．Hewastakenawaybysomeone. B．Hefelldownbyaccident.C．Heknockedintoamaninthestreet. D．Hewashitbyacarsuddenly.17．Whocalledthepolice?A．Thewriter. B．Theownerofthecoffeeshop.C．Thewriter’sfriend. D．Thewaiter.18．Whichofthefollowingistherightorder?①Thewriterorderedacupofcoffee.②Therewasacutontheboy'shead.③Acarcameveryfast.④Thewritergotacallfromtheboy’sparents.⑤Thewriterwentbackhome.A．①②⑤③④ B．③②①⑤④C．①③②⑤④ D．③①②④⑤19．Howmightthewriterfeelattheendofthestory?A．Happy. B．Sorry. C．Worried. D．PopularPassage5Whenyoufeelasneeze（喷嚏）orcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadofgerms（细菌）.Youprobablyknewthat.Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.Youmightusetissues（纸巾）,andputyourusedtissuesintothebin.“Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhand,evenifyouareusedtodoingthat.”Thedoctorsadvised.“Ifsomebodysneezesintohishands,thosegermswillbepassedontootherpeople,orotherobjectsthatpeopletouch.”saidDr.Hill.Germsaremostcommonlyspreadbysneezingandcoughing.Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassedfromhandstothingslikebills,doorknobs（扶手）,liftbuttonsandothersurfaces.Atthesametime,thepeoplearoundyoucantouchthem.“Thesuggestionwastakenseriouslyabout10yearsago.However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Thatmeanstheadultsmayhavemissedtheadvice.Butchildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughorsneeze.”Dr.Benjaminsaid.Tobeclear,peoplecan'tkeepawayfromalltherisksinthisway,butit'sthebestchoice.Atthesametime,we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.“Handwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeoplecandotokeephealthy.”Dr.Hillsaid.根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。20．Accordingtothispassage,whensneezingorcoughing,you'dbetternot________.A．sneezeintoyourelbow B．coveryourmouthwithtissuesC．useyourhandtocoveryourmouth D．coveryourmouthwithyourelbow21．Ifyousneezeintohands,germscanspreadthroughthefollowingactivitiesexcept________.A．usingliftbuttons B．usingdoorknobs C．shakinghands D．washinghands22．Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourhand.B．Theadultmaybeusedtosneezingintotheirelbow.C．Parentsoftenteachtheirchildrentherightwaytocoughorsneeze.D．Wearingmasksisagoodwaytokeepawayfromgerms.23．What'sthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A．Totellusthecorrectwaytousetissueswhensneezingorcoughing.B．Totellussomecorrectwaystopreventthespreadofgerms.C．Totellusit'snecessarytosneezeorcoughintoelbow.D．Totellushowtokeepawayfromallrisks.24．Inwhichlayout（版面）ofthenewspapercanwefindthiskindofpassage?A．Health. B．Sports. C．Business. D．Education.Passage6Janwasawindowcleaner.Atnineo’clockonemorning,Janwasinaliftofahighbuildingwithhiswindowcleaningtoolswhenthebuildingwasonfire.Thereweresixotherpassengersinthelift.Allofasudden,theliftstopped.Althoughtheydidn’tknowwhathadhappenedoutside,theyhadonlylessthan100minutestogetoutofthebuildingbeforeitwouldfallintothedust.Soonsmokebegancomingintothelift.Themenknewthatsomethingwaswrong.Theytriedtoopenthedoorbutfoundawallinfrontofthem.Thewallhadthenumber15onitandtheyknewtheywereonthe15thfloor.Buttheirliftusuallydidn’tstopthere,sotherewasnoopeningforthemtoescape.Jandecidedtheywouldhavetomaketheirown.Knowingthatthewallwasmadeofamaterialthatcouldbecutthrough,Jantookouthiswindowcleaningtools,andbeganknockingaholethroughthewall.Whenhefelttired,othershelped.Startingwithonesmallhole,theycutthroughthethree-inch-thickwall.Thentheykickedhardatthewall.Thewallcrackedapart.Theysawbeforethematile(瓷砖)wall!Refusingtogiveup,theyknockedaholethroughthetile,thenmadetheopeningbigenoughtogetthrough.Surprisingly,thefire-fighterswereoutsidethehole,theytookJanandhispartnerstotheneareststairsandtheyrandownthestairsasquicklyaspossible.By10:23,Janandtheothersranoutofthebuilding.Fiveminuteslater,thebuildingburneddown.25．Accordingtothepassage,howmanypeoplewerethereinthelift?A．6. B．7. C．10. D．Wedon’tknow.26．Howlongdidittakethemtogetoutofthebuilding?A．83minutes. B．85minutes. C．95minutes. D．100minutes.27．Whatdidtheydowhentheysawatilewall?A．Theydidn’tknowwhattodo. B．Theywentonknockingthroughthewall.C．Theyhadtowaitforthefire-fighters. D．Theyweredisappointedandgaveup.28．WhatcanyoulearnaboutJanandhispartnersfromthepassage?A．Theycalledthefirefightersforhelp. B．Theydidnothingtohelpthemselvesescape.C．Theystayedcalmandtriedhardtogetout. D．Theyweresoworriedthattheyhitthedoor..Passage7SteveTaylorwasinhisroomlyingdownforsleepwhilehismotherKatelynwastakingashower.Shewantedtobathebeforegoingtobedherself.The5-year-oldboywasjustabouttofallasleepwhenheheardaloudnoisefromthebathroomhehurriedtohavealook.Whenhegottothebathroom,hefoundhismotherlyinginthebathtub（浴缸）withbloodcomingfromherhead.Shehadanepilepticfit（癫痫发作）anddidn’tknowanything.However,littleStevekeptacoolhead.Hefirstwenttohis2-month-oldsisterandputherinablanket（毛毯）,placingheronthesofa.Hethenclimbedupachairtoopenthedoor.Oncethedooropened,Stevepickedherupfromthesofaandwenttohisneighbor’shouse.Theneighbor,Jessica,wasverysurprisedtoseehertwoyoungneighborsstandingoutsideherdooratsuchastrangehour.Shefirstthoughtthelittleboywascomingtotalkabouthisdog.Buthesaid,“No,mymomdiedintheshower.Canyoutakecareofus?JessicarantonextdoorinahurryandfoundKatelynintheshowerwiththewaterstillrunning.Shecalled911andhelparrivedjustintime.Ms.Taylorbelievedthathersonsavedherlife.Ifnotherson,sheprobablywouldhavediedrightthereinherbathtub.Stevewaspraisedbythelocalfiredepartment.Theyshowedupathishousewiththeirfiretrucktopresenthimwithsomespecialprizes.29．The5-year-oldboywasjustaboutto________whenheheardaloudnoise.A．goout B．fallasleep C．takeashower30．WhenStevefoundhismotherlyinginthebathtubhe________.A．keptacoolhead B．startedtocryloudly C．wentbacktosleep31．Jessicawassurprisedtoseehertwoyoungneighborsbecause________.A．theyweredressedinastrangewayB．theywantedtotalkabouttheirdogC．theyshowedupquitelatethatnight32．Whichofthefollowingistherightorderofthestory?①Jessicacalled911.②Ms.Taylorhadanepilepticfit.③SteveTaylorwantedtobathebeforesleeping.④Stevewenttohisneighbor’shouseforhelp.⑤Stevewaspraisedbythelocalfiredepartment.A．③②④①⑤ B．③②①⑤④ C．③①②⑤④33．Whatisthebesttitleofthestory?A．AMotherhadanepilepticFitB．AYoungBoySavedHisMotherC．AKindNeighborhelpedaFamilyPassage8“Amy!Milk!”Mamacalled.ItwasAmy’sturntomilk.Amyhadtoshutherfirst-aid(急救)book.Amytiedthecowclosetoatree.Somevolunteerdoctorswereteachingmedicalskillstovillagenurses.AmyheardBettydriveoffhoursago.“Sheshouldhavetakenmewithher.ShethinksI’mtooyoung.”Amythought.“ButIamalready15!”Aftermilking,Amywalkedontheroad.Roy,avillageboy,wastryingtostandonahorse’sback.Shehadjustturnedawaywhensheheardaheavyfallandafewcries.Roywasontheground.“Roy!”Thekidsnearbyrantowardshim.“GetBetty,”onesaid.Amyshookherhead.“Betty’sgonetothecity.”Thekidsdidn’tknowwhattodo.AmyrantoRoyandsawoneofhislegsoutofshape.Abrokenleg!Sherememberedwhatthefirst-aidbooksaidaboutit.“Victor!”Amycalledtooneoftheboys.“GogetRoy’smama,andfindsomeonewithatruck.”Sheturnedtotheothers.“Givemeyourshirts.Weneedsomethingtotiehislegwith.”Amythenfoundastrong,straightstick.Shecarefullywrapped(包裹)theshirtsaroundRoy’slegandthestick.WhenAmywasdone,shelookedupandsawRoy’smamaandamanwatchingbesideatruck.AmyhelpedthemliftRoyintothetruck,thentheydrovetowardsthehospital.Thenextday,BettycametoAmy’shome.“Iheardwhatyoudid,”Bettysaid.“Youkeptyourheadinanemergency(紧急情况).That’sanimportantskill.”Amy’sfaceturnedred.“Iwasafraid...”Bettyshookherhead.“It’sOKforanursetobeafraid,aslongasshehasaclearhead.Thevolunteerdoctorsarecomingtomorrow.Weneedsomemorehands.Canyouhelp?”“I’dloveto,”Amyrepliedrightaway,“andI’llbringmyfirst-aidbook.”34．Amy______whenhermothercalledher.A．wasmilking B．wastyingacow C．wasreadingabook D．waslearningtodrive35．WhatisthecorrectorderofAmy’sfirst-aidactions?a.Shefoundaproperstick.b.ShehelpedliftRoyintothetruck.c.Sheaskedtheboysforsomeshirts.d.Shewrappedtheshirtsaroundthebrokenleg.e.ShesentsomeonetogetRoy’smumandatruck.A．c-e-a-b-d B．e-c-a-d-b C．a-c-e-d-b D．e-c-a-b-d36．WhichisrightaboutAmy?A．Sheiseasytogetangry. B．Sheisalwaysafraidofadult.C．Shesometimesmakestroubles. D．Shekeepscalmwhenproblemscomeup.37．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Itisdangeroustorideahorse. B．Itismeaningfultobeadoctorinavillage.C．Itishelpfultolearnsomeskillsfromparents. D．Itisimportanttouseknowledgetosolveproblems.【答案】1．C2．B3．B4．C5．A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。在一个周日的晚上，天非常黑，一辆白色的汽车在拐弯处由于车速过快撞上了街上的一辆红色的汽车，两位车主争论不休。目击证人Stanley是一名82岁的老人，在法庭上，面对律师的提问，他给出了睿智而又幽默的回答。1．细节理解题。根据“OneSundayevening,itwasquitedarkwhenoldStanleywentforhiswalk.Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed”可知，事故发生在一个周日的晚上，故选C。2．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed”可知，一辆白色汽车从拐角处高速开过来导致事故发生，故选B。3．推理判断题。根据“ThedriverofredcaraskedStanleytoprovehewasrightincourt.Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephonenumber.”可知，红车司机要求Stanley在法庭作证，而Stanley给了红车司机地址和电话号码，可知他愿意当证人。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据“Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephonenumber.”可知，给了电话号码，所以推测是通过电话联系。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Youareeighty-twoyearsold,youwerenotwearingyourglasses,anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?Stanleythoughtaboutforaminute,‘Well,’hesaid,‘whenit’sdark,Icanseethemoon.Howfaristhat?’”可知，白车司机的律师想让老斯坦利的证词无效，所以对他的视力提出了质疑，而老斯坦利则是幽默且聪明地回击了他。由此可推断老斯坦利是个幽默且聪明的人。故选A。6．B7．B8．C9．B10．C【分析】文章通过对如何在地震中幸存下来和保护好自己几方面的讲解，使我们了解和提高了安全防范意识。6．细节理解题。根据“Butdon’tworrybecausemostearthquakesaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.”可知，大多数地震都很“微弱”，故选B。7．细节理解题。根据“Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.”可知，当地震发生时，要呆在书桌、桌子或其他结实的家具下面。故选B。8．细节理解题。根据“DoNOTgooutside.”；“Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.”；“Keepawayfromwindows,picturesoradvertisementsonthewallorthebuilding,andanythingelsethatcouldfallandhurtyou.”；“Alsokeepawayfromafire.”；“Ifyouaredrivingwhenanearthquakehappens,stopthecarifit’ssafe.”可知，文中一共提到了5种方法，故选C。9．主旨大意题。根据“However,it’simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文讲的是地震来了如何保护自己，故选B。10．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是地震来了如何保护自己，答案C正合此意，故选C。11．A12．C13．B14．D【分析】短文讲述了李警官处理一件交通事故，一个叫王杰的人闯了红灯，撞上了另一个人的车．然而，他说，当他开车过马路时，灯是绿灯。李警官再次询问王杰，而王杰还是坚称自己没闯红灯，李警官没有理由怀疑王杰的话．他告诉王杰他可以走了，但在王杰离开时，李警官改变了主意，因为他发现王杰是色盲。11．细节理解题。根据“PolicemanLitookabigbiteoutoftheredappleonhisdesk.”可知，李警官桌上的苹果是红色的，故选A。12．句意猜测题。根据“Buthesaidthatthelighthadbeengreenwhenhedroveacrossthecrossing...ThistimeWangJiestillinsisted（坚持）thatthelightwasgreenwhenhedroveacrossthecrossing.LihadnoreasontodoubtwhatWangJiesaid.”可知，当李警官再次问询王杰时，他还是坚持自己之前说的，而他之前说的是“当他开车穿过十字路口时，灯是绿色的。”，所以句子“whatWangJiesaid”指的是“当他开车穿过十字路口时，灯是绿色的。”，故选C。13．推理判断题。根据“Listoppedforamoment.“Wait.Sitbackdown.Ithinkweneedtotalksomemore.”WhenWangJiedescribedLi’sredappleasbeinggreen,LirealizedthatWangJiemusthaverunaredlight.”可知，李警官听了王杰把他的红苹果看成是绿苹果时，发现王杰是色盲，说明李警官很聪明，故选B。14．推理判断题。根据“WhenWangJiedescribedLi’sredappleasbeinggreen,LirealizedthatWangJiemusthaverunaredlight.”可知，王杰把红苹果看成绿苹果，因为他是色盲，故选D。15．B16．D17．B18．C19．A【分析】本文是作者讲述了上周六他目睹的一场交通事故的经历。15．细节理解题。根据“Iwenttoacoffeeshoptomeetafriendofmine”可知，去咖啡店见朋友，故选B。16．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly,therecameacar.Itwasgoingveryfast.Whenthedriversawtheboyinhisway,hebraked(刹车)hard,Butitwastoolate…Thesmallboywaslyingonthestreetwithoutmoving”可知，这个男孩突然被车撞倒了，故选D。17．细节理解题。根据“Thecoffeeshopownertelephonedthepolice”可知，咖啡店的主人打电话给警察，故选B。18．细节理解题。根据“SoIorderedacupofcoffee”“Suddenly,therecameacar.Itwasgoingveryfast”“Therewasacutontheboy’sheadandhelostalotofblood”“AfterthatIwenthomebecauseIdidn’twanttotalktoanyone”“Thenextday,theboy’sparentscalledmetosaythanks”可知，正确的顺序是：作者点了一杯咖啡——一辆汽车开得很快——男孩的头受伤了——作者去了医院之后就回家了——男孩的父母第二天给作者打电话表示感谢。故选C。19．推理判断题。根据“Thenextday,theboy’sparentscalledmetosaythanks.Theyalsotoldmetheirboywasfineandthedriverwasatthepolicestationnow”可知，作者听到了男孩无大碍，肇事司机已经在警察局的消息会感到开心，故选A。20．C21．D22．D23．B24．A【分析】本文主要介绍了打喷嚏或咳嗽时，不要用手捂住嘴，同时我们要经常洗手，这样可以防止细菌传播，同时介绍了防止细菌传播的其它正确方法。20．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhand,evenifyouareusedtodoingthat.”可知，当打喷嚏或咳嗽时，如果你没有纸巾，你应该用肘部而不是手打喷嚏。故选C。21．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Handwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeoplecandotokeephealthy.”可知，洗手是人们为了保持健康所能做的最重要的事情之一，这样可以阻止细菌的传播。故选D。22．判断正误题。根据最后一段“Atthesametime,we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.”可知，为了阻止细菌传播，我们最好戴口罩，所以戴口罩是一种远离病菌的好方法，D选项表述正确。故选D。23．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了防止细菌传播的正确方法。故选B。