第十二讲(原题版)(外研版)

2021年新高二暑假精品课程之预习+巩固+娴熟+突破第十二讲【学习目标】1．科学回顾梳理高一学年所学所接触的重点难点词汇和短语，句型和句式，借助语篇结构的语言环境夯实基础，熟练把控语篇脉络和词汇记忆，进而实现词汇量的飞跃，且有助于答题技巧的熟练形成。2．借助宝贵的暑假时间，科学高效迎对新课，新知识，新语言现象，走近高考，从容应对和解决高中英语的基本技能，达到知识，能力和技巧的飞跃和突破。【梳理重难点】Ⅰ.词汇初探clientn．_________________________2．citev．______________________3．celln．______________________4．boundadj.______________________5．demandn．需要，需求6．assessv．______________________→assessmentn．______________________7．cyclen．______________________→cyclistn．______________________【梳理重难点】Ⅱ.短语互译注意；留意______________________2．导致；结果是______________________3．期待______________________4．由于；归功于______________________5．bankon______________________6．onthehorizon______________________7．aroundthecorner______________________8．aheadof______________________9．beboundto______________________【梳理重难点】Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空1．Nobirdandnobeast______________________(see)onthelonelyisland.2．Oneandahalfapples______________________(be)leftonthetable.3．Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts____________(have)causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.4．Manyawriterofnewspaperarticles__________(have)turnedtowritingnovels.5．Fiveyears_______(pass)sincetheymetlasttime，andforthem,fiveyearsis(be)reallyalongtime.6．Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____(be)fifty,butanumberofthem______(be)absentfordifferentreasons.7．Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons,____(hope)togotouniversity.8．Jackistheonlyoneofthestudentswho________(speak)Englishwell.9．There________(be)alakeandfivebuildingsinthispark.10．Therich________(be)fortheplan,butthepoorareagainstit.【梳理重难点】1eq\a\vs4\al(citev.引用，引述；表扬；举例)ArecentexamplecitedonthewebsiteisthatoneofthetestingcompaniescomparesthetalentsoftwinsBobbyandBenny.(P41)网站上最近引用的一个例子是，其中一家测试公司比较了双胞胎鲍比和本尼的才能。Thelawyercitedapreviouscasetosupporthisargument.______________________________________________________________。[归纳拓展]citesth.asinstance____________________________citesth.asproofof...____________________________citesb.forsth.____________________________citefromsb.____________________________[即时巩固]完成句子,理解并背诵。①Thesoldierwas_citedbythekingforhisbravery.________________________________________________________②Icancitearecent,personalincidentas_instance.________________________________________________________2eq\a\vs4\al(assessv.评价，评定)Bobbywasassessedandhistalentswererevealedtobemostlyscientific:a66%chanceofsuccessinchemistryand54%inphysicswereshown.对鲍比进行了评估，发现他的才能大多是科学的：化学方面成功的几率为66%，物理方面成功的几率为54%。Hecanquicklyassessaperson'scharacter.________________________________________________________assesssth.atsth._______________________assesssb./sth.assth._______________________assessmentn．_______________________[即时巩固]完成句子，加深理解并背诵。①Theyoungmenwere_assessedaseithersafeorunsafedrivers.____________________________________________。②Damagetothebuildingwas_assessedat￡40,000.____________________________________________。单句语法填空③It'sdifficult______________________(assess)theeffectsofthesechanges.④His______________________(assess)ofthesituationwasright.3eq\a\vs4\al(demandn.需要，需求vt.要求，请求)[教材原句]．..withcompaniesintendingtoprovideon－demandservices.(P43)……公司打算提供按需服务。There'sanincreaseddemandfororganicproducethesedays.______________________________________________________________________________________[归纳拓展](1)makeademandon/of_________________indemandeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(＝needed所需的,＝verypopular销路好的))ondemand＝whenaskedfor_________________(2)demandingadj._________________提示：demand作动词时，后可接名词、不定式和从句作宾语，但不可跟sb.todo结构；后接that从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”；作名词引导表语从句或同位语从句时，从句也用虚拟语气。[即时巩固]单句语法填空①TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular；theyare___________greatdemandinthiscity.②Whenthemiddle－agedmanwasvisitinghisgirlfriend,shedemandedthathe______(shave)hisbeard.③Getthetechnologythathasproventohelpthemost____________(demand)customers.【梳理重难点】1eq\a\vs4\al(payattentionto注意)[教材原句]Describeanotherplanetforthefuture,payingattentiontosubject－verbagreement.(P41)描述另一个星球的未来，注意主谓一致。YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether.____________________________________________。[归纳拓展]attract/draw/catchone'sattentionto__________________________fix/focusone'sattentionon__________________________havesb.'sattention__________________________[名师点津]动词短语payattentionto为“动词＋名词＋介词”结构，其被动语态的变化可有两种情况：(1)介词to的宾语可作为被动语态的主语；(2)动词pay的宾语(即attention)可作为被动语态的主语。[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Noattention____________(pay)tohisadvice.②Pleasepayattentionto____________Iamsaying.③Withhisattention____________(pay)tothefilm，theboydidn'tnoticehisfatherleavequietly.④Thestudentsarerequiredtopaymoreattentionto____________(keep)thelabclean.2eq\a\vs4\al(resultin导致)[教材原句]Timetravelcouldresultinaparadox─aneventthatcontradictsitself.(P42)时间旅行可能会导致一个悖论——一个自相矛盾的事件。Thetalksresultedinreducingthenumberofmissiles.________________________________________________[归纳拓展]resultfrom因……而引起；因……而导致asaresult结果；因此(作状语)asa/theresultof由于……；因为……withoutresult毫无结果[名师点津]resultin“导致”与leadto“导致”同义，且in与to皆为介词，两短语可互换。[巧学助记][即时巩固]单句语法填空①Hislazinessresultedinhisfailure；thatistosay,hisfailureresultedhislaziness.②Asweallknow,successresultshardworkandfailureoftenliesinlaziness.③MuchnewandhightechnologyhasbeenintroducedfromGermany,thus(result)ingreatincreaseintheproductionofthecompany.3eq\a\vs4\al(lookforwardto期待；盼望)Besidestimetravel,wehavemuchtolookforwardtointhefuture,thankstoadvancesintechnology.______________________________________________Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.______________________________________________[归纳拓展]lookback回顾过去lookinto往里看；调查lookon...as...把……看作……lookout向外看；当心；小心lookupto仰视；尊敬；赞赏lookdownon/upon俯视；轻视，看不起巧学助记]立体巧记look短语[即时巩固]完成句子①Nowadays,heis_looked_on_asaheroandlooked_up_tobyhisfans；whenhelooks_back,_heneverforgetsthosedayswhenhewas_looked_down_upon/on.__________________________________________________________________②SarahThomasislooking_forward_tothechallengeofhernewA－levelcourse.__________________________________________________________________4eq\a\vs4\al(thanksto幸亏；由于；因为)[教材原句]Besidestimetravel,wehavemuchtolookforwardtointhefuture,thankstoadvancesintechnology.(P43)除了时间旅行，由于科技的进步，我们对未来还有很多期待。Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhungereq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(owingto,becauseof,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof))由于；因为[易混辨析]thanksto,becauseof,owingto,duetothanksto 是介词短语，只能作状语，多用于褒义，也可用于讽刺口吻中，引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末becauseof 多用于表示直接原因，通常只作状语，不作表语，后面可接名词、代词、动名词等owingto 多作状语，可放在句首或句末，用逗号将其和句子其他部分隔开dueto 可作表语和状语，不可位于句首[巧学助记][名师点津]thanksto,owingto,dueto,becauseof都是介词短语(直接用在名词之前)，而不是连接词(不可用来连接句子的两个部分)。[即时巩固]完成句子①___________________________________________________________幸亏有他的帮助，我们按时完成了工作。②___________________________________________________________幸亏他的建议我才成功。③___________________________________________________________由于一次小事故，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。5eq\a\vs4\al(beboundto很有可能，肯定会)Someoftheseideasmaysoundfaraheadoftheirtime,butI'msurethey'reboundtohappensoonerorlater!其中一些想法听起来可能远远超前于他们的时代，但我相信它们迟早会发生的。_________________________________________________________.你