课本基础知识点梳理（译林牛津版）第10讲 八上 Unit 3-4

PAGEPAGE9课本基础知识点梳理（译林牛津版）第10讲八上Unit3-4基础知识即时训练一、易错单词1.订货 2.显示器 3.鼠标 4.脑 5.速度 6.公司 7.总额 8.广告 9.车轮 10.四轮马车 11.世纪 12.乘客 13.距离 14.翅膀 15.引言 16.比较 17.控制 18.依赖 19.操作 20.出售 21.创造 22.发明 23.开发 24.昂贵的 25.微小的 26.受欢迎的 27.使人舒服的 28.适用的 29.特殊的 30.从……以来 二、词汇测试i. 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。1.—Whenwastheparkbuilt? —Aboutacenturyago. A.onehundredminutes B.onethousanddays C.onehundredyears2.Germsaresotinythatwecan’tseethem. A.verybig B.verycool C.verysmall3.—Howaboutthispairofshoes? —Itisexpensive. A.small B.big C.dear4.—Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme? —Youneedmoneyandtime,inaddition,youneedhardwork. A.however B.because C.besides5.She’salmost30yearsold. A.nearly B.hardly C.usually6.—Doyouknowhowtooperatethemachine? —Sorry,Idon’tknow. A.make...work B.make...stop C.make...see7.Theredsofainthelivingroomiscomfortable. A.hard B.soft C.big8.Theywereunawareofthedangertheywerein. A.didn’tstop B.didn’trealize C.didn’tsayii. 根据句子意思，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出恰当的词语完成句子。9.A/An______meansthepartthatcomesatthebeginningandtellsyouwhattherestofthebookisabout. A.introduction B.invention C.support10.—Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow? —Well,itall______ontheweather. A.puts B.depends C.controls11.Theexplorersmadeacampfireto______wildanimals. A.keepoff B.keepon C.keepup12.YouthinkstudyingEnglishwellisdifficult,butweknowinterestcanbe______anyway. A.found B.showed C.developed13.—It’sinterestingto______thesetwocars. —Iagreewithyou.Theylookdifterentinsomeways. A.compare B.realize C.promise三、词组英汉互译1.workas 2.没意识到 3.inaddition 4.依靠 5.grandtotal 6.期待 7.sincethen 8.与……保持联系 9.inthedaytime 10.使……不接近 11.atthesametime 12.代替 13.beshortof 14.数百万的 四、课文语法填空根据所学课文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Thefirstcomputerswerebiggerthancarsin1.________1940s,but2.________(today)computersarebecomingsmallerand3.________(good).Someofthemaresosmallthatwemaybe4.________(aware)ofthem.Wecanusecomputerstocalculate,helptypeanddrawthingsanddo5.________(importance)jobssuchasoperatingrailwaysand6.________(fly)planesandspaceships.Onedaycomputersmaybeable7.________(do)betterjobsthanman,buttheycan’tbeclevererthanman8.________mancancomeupwithnew9.________(idea).However,westillcan’thelpthinking:What10.________(happen)tousifcomputerscandoallourjobs?Willtheymakeourlivesbetter?必考词汇背记1. comparev.:discoverthedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthings比较；对比作为一个悲剧作家，他无法和莎士比亚相比。

常用短语compare...with...把……和……相比compare...to...把……比作……2. controln.&v.:makesth.dowhatyouwantittodo操纵；控制Helostcontrolofhiscar.他的车失控了。Idon’tknowhowtocontrolthemachine.我不知道怎样操作那台机器。

拓展incontrol(of)掌控着losecontrol失去控制underthecontrolof在……控制之下outofcontrol失去控制3. dependv.:rely;besupportedby依靠；依赖Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.你不能永远依赖你的父母。Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.万物生长靠太阳。

常用短语dependon依靠

拓展dependencen.依赖；依靠dependentadj.依靠的；依赖的independentadj.独立的4. beunawareof:notrealize没认识到；未察觉Hemaybeunawareofhisrudeness.他可能没意识到他的粗鲁。Shewasunawareofthedanger.她没有意识到危险。

反义词组beawareof意识到

拓展awarenessn.意识unawarenessn.没认识到；未觉察到5. createv.:make创造；创作Godcreatedtheworld.上帝创造了世界。Anovelistcreatescharactersandaplot.小说家塑造人物并设计情节。

拓展creativeadj.有创造力的 creativelyadv.创造地creativityn.创造力 creationn.创造6. developv.:increaseorbecomelargerormorecomplete开发；发展Webelievethatsportscandevelopmindandbody.我们认为运动可促进身心发展。Theydecidedtodevelopanewproduct.他们决定开发一种新产品。

常用短语developingcountry发展中国家developedcountry发达国家

拓展developmentn.发展7. specialadj.:notordinary特殊的；特别的Thislockhasaspecialkey.这个锁有把特别的钥匙。Todayisaspecialday.今天是一个特殊的日子。

拓展speciallyadv.特别地；专门地specialistn.专家8.introductionA.n.:sth.thatleadsthemainpartofsth.引言Theintroductiontellsyouhowtousethebook.引言告诉你怎样使用这本书。B.n.:formalpresentationofonepersontoanother介绍；引见Hegiveusabriefintroductionabouthiscompany.他向我们简要介绍了一下他的公司。

拓展introducev.介绍Youcanintroducehertoyournewfriends.你可以把她介绍给你的新朋友。9. insteadof:inplaceof代替；顶替WewenttotheBiologyclassinsteadofattendingtheEnglishclass.我们去上生物课而不去上英语课。

辨析instead,insteadofinstead是副词，侧重指“取而代之”，往往位于句子开头或句末。如：Givemethisinstead.insteadof是介词词组，意为“代替；而不是”，其后跟名词、代词、v.+ing形式或介词短语。如：Manyyoungpeoplelikepopsongsinsteadoffolksongs.许多年轻人喜欢流行音乐而不是民歌。10. keepintouchwith:beincontactwithsb.与……保持联系Wekeepintouchwitheachotherbye-mail.我们通过电子邮件保持联系。DoyoustillkeepintouchwithTom?你还和汤姆保持联系吗？

同义词组communicatewith与……联系

拓展keep...off使……不接近 keepupwith跟上keepawayfrom远离 keepquiet保持安静keephealthy保持健康 keeptherecord保持纪录写作句型运用1.

例句Ononehand,itbringsusalotofconvenienceandhappiness.Ontheotherhand,italsobringsustroubles.一方面，它带给我们许多便利和快乐；另一方面，它也带给我们麻烦。

用法ononehand...,ontheotherhand...一般是用于提出两个相反的事物和看法，也用于对比不同的事物。

运用她一方面教英语，另一方面学习汉语。（汉译英）_______________________________________________2.however然而；但是

例句However,somestudentsplaygames,chatwithfriends,andevensurftheunhealthywebsitesontheInternetthewholeday.然而，一些学生一整天都在网上玩游戏，和朋友聊天，甚至浏览不健康的网站。

用法however副词，表示转折，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。

运用我们都已尽了最大的努力，然而我们还是输了比赛。（汉译英）_______________________________________________写作模板狂背类型：科学与技术典例：互联网的利弊模板：Internetisnowcomingintoourlife.Ononehand,itbringsusalotofconvenienceandhappiness.Ontheotherhand,italsobringsustroubles.SomestudentsusetheInternetasatooltostudy.Theylookupthemeaningsofthewords,thebackgroundofaneventorastory,etc.Internethelpsthemlearnmoreandstudywell.However,somestudentsplaygames,chatwithfriends,andevensurftheunhealthywebsitesontheInternetthewholeday.Theyarenotinterestedintheirsubjects.It’sverydangerousforthem!Inmyopinion,weshouldmakegooduseoftheInternetandstayawayfromtheunhealthywebsites.[真题链接]11.Mysisterisoldenoughtodress______now.（2021年长沙市中考）A.himself B.herself C.myself2.Itonly_______mehalfanhour_______toschooleverydaylastterm.（2021甘肃白银）A.takes;ridingB.spent;torideC.cost;walkD.took;towalk3.Don’tforget______thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.（2021年河北省中考）A.accept B.toaccept C.say D.tosay[真题链接]21.Wearehappytoseeourcityisdeveloping________theseyearsthanbefore.（2021年临沂市中考）A.quickly B.themostquicklyC.veryquickly D.morequickly2.Airpollutionhasbecome__________thaneverbefore.Wemustdosomethingtostopit.（2021年上海市中考）A.serious B.moreseriousC.mostserious D.themostserious3.MoYanisoneof_____writersintheworld.（2021年天津市中考）A.famousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamous[真题链接]31.（2021年黄冈中考）－Putsomebutteronasliceofbreadandaddateaspoonofbutter.Whatelse?－Next,______sometomatoes.A.cutupB.cutsupC.tocutupD.cuttingup2.Tom’smothertoldhim_______eatingtoomuchmeat.（2021黔西南州中考）A.stoppingB.tostopC.stopsD.stopped3.—Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshorts?(2021年山东省滨州市中考）—Theydon’tfitmewell.Theyaretoolongtooshort.A.notonly;butalsoB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;or第十讲 基础知识即时训练答案一、1.order2.monitor3.mouse4.brain5.speed6.company7.total8.advertisement9.wheel10.carriage11.century12.passenger13.distance14.wing15.introduction16.compare17.control18.depend19.operate20.sell21.create22.invent23.develop24.expensive25.tiny26.popular27.comfortable28.practical29.special30.since二、i.CCCCAABBii.ABACA三、1.从事……工作2.beunawareof3.除……之外（还）4.dependon5.总计；共计6.lookforwardto7.自从那以来8.keepintouchwith9.在白天10.keep...off11.同时12.insteadof13.缺乏……14.millionsof四、1.the2.today’s3.better4.unaware5.important6.flying7.todo8.because9.ideas10.willhappen写作句型运用1.Ontheonehand,sheteachesEngli