定语完整版本

定语TheAttribute定语的含义：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要有形容词，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。汉语中常用‘……的’表示。ayounggirlawomandrivermyfatherfiveboysthestudentinblueasmilingteacherretiredworkersanadoptedsonIamlookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Ishethemanwhowantstoseeyou?ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.定语的分类：前置定语2.后置定语后置定语可以分为三大类：1.定语从句

2.短语

3.单个词不定式短语现在分词短语过去分词短语非谓语动词短语形容词短语介词短语一.定语从句做后置定语1.构成：关系代/副词+从句2.引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：that,which,whose,who,whom,as；关系副词：when,where,why。

3.关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。（可充当主语，宾语，表语，状语等句子成分）

ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.注意：关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrother.4.关系代词的选用比较复杂，受下列条件的制约（1）要看先行词是指人还是指物

Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselive

longer.

ThisistheschoolthatIvisitedlastyear.

（2）要看关系词在从句中句法功能Istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichmybrotherjoinedthearmy.（作状语）Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.（作宾语）I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.（做定语）（3）要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.InthemorningIhavetoleaveearlyfrommyhome,whichisfarawayfromtheschool.

二.短语做后置定语1、介词短语2、形容词短语3、现在分词短语4、过去分词短语5、动词不定式非谓语动词1、介词短语做后置定语介词短语做后置修饰语在意义上表示时间、地点、范围、类别、来源、动宾、同位等语义关系。例如：The

weather

in

Beijing

is

colder

than

that

in

Guangzhou.

People

in

the

world

play

basketball.

His

love

for

his

country

is

very

great.

The

city

of

New

York

is

very

large.

2.形容词短语做修饰语时，往往后置。He

looked

at

the

street

full

of

cars.

Thedriverresponsiblefortheaccidentfledaway.Thosepresentatthemeetingallgraduatedfromthisschool.3、现在分词短语做后置定语

They

built

a

highway

leading

into

the

city.Ihaveafriendworkingasabankclerk.

4、过去分词短语做后置定语

表示被动意义、完成意义或状态意义。

What’s

the

language

spoken

in

that

area?

Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayhasn’tbeensolved.Doyouknowthemansurroundedbythem?

5、动词不定式做后置定语：

与被修饰成分之间表示不同的语义关系：（1）表示动宾关系（2）表示主谓关系（3）表示修饰关系（4）表示同位关系

（1）表示动宾关系I

have

a

lot

of

work

to

do

today.

He

had

a

big

family

to

support.

（2）表示主谓关系

He’s

always

the

first

to

come.

Among

the

men

to

take

part

in

the

work,

he

is

probably

the

most

active.

（3）表示修饰关系

动词不定式对其修饰的成分起一种描绘阐述作用。It’s

already

time

to

start

planting

trees.

He

had

no

chance

to

go

school

in

thoseyears.

（4）

表示同位关系

不定式和被修饰的名词处于平行关系只对其起一种解说作用。

Soon

came

the

order

to

start

the

general

attack.We

got

no

instructions

to

leave

the

city.

高考链接【2012重庆】29.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【2012福建】23.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.thatB.itC.asD.what【2012湖南】34.Careofthesoulisagradualprocess____eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A.whatB.inwhatC.whichD.inwhich【2012江西】28.By16:30,____wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that【2012四川】13.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem1.Those_______________________atanytimearetruefriendsandtheywillalwaysstandbyyounomatterwhathappens.(rely,你可以依赖的)2.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,__________________________intotelevisionseries.(make,两部小说都已经被制作)3.Thebridge______________________________________nextyearisdesignedbyafamous