2025年春人教版英语八年级下册教学课件 Unit 2 第3课时（A Grammar Focus-4c）

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.R·八年级下册SectionAGrammarFocus-4cLearningobjectives1.Masterthegrammarofinfinitivesasobject,adverbialandobjectcomplement.2.Understandhowtousephrasalverbs.3.Developtheabilityofknowledgeanalysisandbuildupthesenseofcooperation.GrammarFocusI’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.快速划出动词不定式和动词短语。Readandobserve动词不定式I’d

liketo(do)… asksb.to(do)…letsb.do… volunteer…tohelpsb.(do)…decidetodo…helpsb.todo…动词短语cheer…up tryout putupGrammaranalysis动词不定式1.定义动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。2.构成动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，常写作todo(有时to可以省略)，否定形式为nottodo

。Hewantstosit.

Tellhimnottolivealone.

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。3.用法一般位于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。例：学外语很有用。

Tolearnforeignlanguagesisveryuseful.

为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，而将不定式放在后面作真正的主语。=It’sveryusefultolearnforeignlanguages.作主语【浙江衢州中考】It’sabadhabitto____whatyoucandotoday

untiltomorrow.A.writedown

B.talkaboutC.worryabout

D.putoff常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有want/plan/agree/learn/hope/refuse/decide

todo等。另一种是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作动词或介词的宾语。例：他教我如何使用手机。Hetaughtmehowtousemobilephone.作宾语主语+谓语+todo

常用it作形式宾语，而将动词不定式放在后面作真正的宾语。

我认为锻炼很有帮助。

Ithinkithelpfultodoexercise.【山东菏泽中考】—Haveyoudecidedwhen____?—Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.willyouleave

B.areyouleaving

C.toleave典例剖析常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有tell,ask,want,teach,promise,expect,wish,invite,wouldlike等。

例：他们请他在宴会上唱一首流行歌曲。Theyaskedhimtosingapopsongattheparty.作宾语补足语一感(feel)二听(listento,hear)三让(let,make,have)四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)，半帮助(help)(即在动词help后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无)”。help后的不定式可省略to，也可以带上to。例：我哥哥经常帮助我做家务。

Mybrotheroftenhelpsme(to)dothehousework.【上海中考】Doctorstellus_______ourhandsbeforeandaftereverymeal.A.wash B.washedC.washing D.towash典例剖析

在感官动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice,listento,lookat之后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例：半小时前我看见她离开了。Isawherleavehalfanhourago.一、主语是不定式(表条件)；表语也是不定式(表结果)例：工作意味着谋生。

Toworkmeanstoearnaliving．二、动词不定式做表语常用于以下结构：Myjob/dream/goal/aimis…

例：他的梦想是在不久的将来出国学习。Hisdreamistostudyabroadinthenearfuture．作表语动词不定式作定语时，应放于被修饰的名词或代词之后。例：我想吃点东西。

Iwanttohavesomethingtoeat.

她得到一份照顾一位老人的工作。Shegotajobtotakecareofanoldman.作定语动词不定式可用来作目的状语（放在句首或句尾），原因状语（跟在作表语的形容词后面）和结果状语（用在too…to结构中）。

Sheraisedhervoicetobeheardbetter．I’msorrytotroubleyou.Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.作状语目的状语原因状语结果状语动词短语动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的短语称为动词短语，其作用和动词差不多，有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词。1定义①“动词+副词”型考点：名词作宾语时，可放在动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作宾语时只能放在动词和副词之间。此类副词有out,up,down,away,off,in,along等。giveaway赠送；捐赠

giveout分发；散发giveup放弃

putoff推迟pickup捡起

fixup修理；装饰2类别②“动词+介词”型相当于及物动词，其后必须有宾语，且宾语总是位于介词之后。此类介词有for,after,about,of,from,to,with,at等。carefor照顾；非常喜欢

waitfor等待laughat嘲笑

lookafter

照顾；照料agreewith同意

lookfor寻找；寻求③“动词+副词+介词”型相当于及物动词，动词、副词和介词紧密结合，宾语总是位于介词之后。comeupwith想出 catchupwith赶上lookforwardto盼望

keepawayfrom

远离runoutof用完；耗尽

④“动词+名词”型此类短语动词中的常见动词有have,take,tell,make等。havearest休息一下 takeawalk散步takeplace发生

tellalie

撒谎makemistakes

犯错误

⑤“动词+名词+介词”型只作及物动词。名词前可加形容词，宾语总是位于介词之后。makefriendswith

与……交朋友 make

funof取笑payattentionto注意

havealookat看一看takecareof照顾⑥“be动词+形容词+介词”型相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词的后面，形容词是短语动词的真正词义所在。bedifferentfrom

与……不同 befriendlyto对……友好beinterestedin对……感兴趣

befamousfor

因……而著名典例剖析【滨州中考】—Tom,itsmellssoterriblehere.—Sorry,Mum.Iwill______mysocksandwashthemrightaway.A.putoff B.takeoffC.turnoff D.cutoff语法精练1.—Bob,youhavetofinishyourschoolprojecttoday.—Don’tworry,Mum.Iwon’t_____today’sworktilltomorrow.A.putoff B.takeoffC.giveup D.setup单项选择。2.Allchildrenare_____thedaywhentheycangobacktoschool.A.lookingup B.takingcareofC.takingout D.lookingforwardto3.Readingisagoodway_____theworld.A.forknow B.forknowsC.toknowD.toknows4.We’dbetterfollowtheseven-stephand-washingmethod_____healthy.A.tokeep B.keepC.keeping D.keeps5.Lookatthesign“Noswimming”;itwarnsus_____inthelake.A.toswimB.nottoswimC.swimming1.Iwant_________(become)ateacheroneday.2.It’sveryuseful_______(learn)foreignlanguage.3.Heshowedmehow______(use)acomputer.4.Shegotajob______(take)careofanoldman.5.Youshouldrunquickly_______(catch)thebus.根据提示完成下列句子。tobecometolearntousetotaketocatchFillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff1.Iwantto______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.putoff2.Shehopesto______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.callup4a3.Ourclassistryingto____________someideasto_______sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto______signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_______themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.comeupwithcheerup

putuphandoutgiveoutputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs________lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando_______others.tomaketodotohelp4bhelpmovedomakevisitspendTherearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans______sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear_______toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.tospendtovisittomovehelpmovedomakevisitspendCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.1.I’dliketovolunteer_________________________________________________________.2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend_____________________________________.

tohelpkidswiththeirhomework

toaskhimanimportantquestion4c3.I’mveryb