2022年山西省太原市高二下学期6月月考 英语试题

2021-2022学年山西省太原市高二下学期6月月考英语一、阅读理解(本部分共4大题，15小题，每小题2.0分，共30.0分)ALearningtocode(编程)hasgrownovertheyearsfromjustahobbytoacareer.Today,youcanlearncodingonline.Gonearethedayswhenonlyfewcouldlearnaprogramminglanguageandlearningitcostquitealargeamountofmoney.Havealookatthefollowingcodingsitestochooseonethatsuitsyoubest.TreehouseTreehouseisawell-knownname,especiallyasanonlinetechnologyschooltoteachcodingforfree.Currently,thereareover1,000high-qualityvideoswhichcovermanytopicssuchaswebdesignandwebsitedevelopment.Treehousemakesitpossibleforbeginnerstolearnattheirownpaceandchoosedifferenttypesofcodinglanguagesforalllevels.Ifyouareinterestedincodingbutyouhavenoideawheretostart,Treehousewillwalkyouthroughtheentirelearningprocess.CodeAreyoulookingforaplatformtoimproveyourknowledgeofcomputerscience?Codemightjustbethewebsiteyouhavebeenwaitingfor.Thewebsitehassmartlydesignedthecourse.Besides,Codecanalsobeespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhoarewillingtoearnmoneybyteachingcomputerscience.CodeHSCodeHSisoneofthebestwebsitesthatcomewithfunprogramminglessons.ItoffersalotofcourseswithfungameslikeJavaScript,animation,datastructures,gamedesignandpuzzlechallenges.AndCodeHScanteachyoutothinkandsolveaproblemlikeaprogrammer(程序员).CodeHScomeswith$25permonth.FreeCodeCampViathisonlinewebsite,youlearntocodenotonlybystudyingtheorybutbycompletingexercisesandchallenges.What'smore,FreeCodeCamphasanactivediscussioncommunitywhereyoucanreceivereal-timehelpfromprofessionals,aswellashaveachancetoexchangeideaswithmoreexperiencedprogrammers.1、WecanlearnfromthetextthatonTreehouse__________.A.famous

professionals

will

give

online

lecturesB.beginners

will

master

coding

skills

in

a

monthC.learners

can

select

lessons

suitable

for

themselvesD.coding

lessons

are

cheaper

for

senior

programmers2、

Which

website

best

suits

a

user

who

wants

to

have

a

relaxing

learning

experience?A.CodeHS.B.Code.C.Treehouse.D.FreeCodeCamp.3、

What

does

FreeCodeCamp

allow

users

to

do?A.Learn

coding

through

interesting

games.B.Earn

money

by

teaching

computer

science.C.Learn

web

design

by

watching

various

videos.D.Learn

from

some

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programmers.BI'dsharedmyhomewithscorpions(非洲蝎子)inAfricabefore.ButwhenwemovedtoCostaRicawhichwasaninsectcenter,therewerescorpionsunderthefridge,astickinsectandatarantula(狼蛛),thesizeofadinnerplate,wanderingaroundthecourtyard.Tobeginwith,Iwasscaredtodeath,andgotawayfromthemasquicklyaspossible.Butslowlythingschanged.WithnoTV,noradioandoftenstayingatourhousefordaysinthisrainforest,Istartedtogetusedtotheseuninvitedvisitors.ItwasforalongtimethatIwasgraduallyusedtothem.ThenIkeptaneyeoutforthemandfinallywasdelightedtoseethemnomatterwhattheywere.Soonwhenacreaturecametovisit,I'dcallthekidsover,takephotosandevenposewiththem.We'dtrytoworkoutwhatthesecreaturesweredoing,seewheretheyweregoingandpickthemupiftheyseemedsafe.Notallthewildlifewastraditionallyfrightening.Wegentlyheldpanic-strickenhummingbirdsthatweretrappedinthehouseandsetthembackinthewild.Welistenedoutforthewoodpeckers(啄木鸟)thatdecoratedourgarden.Wepracticedshoutinglikehowlingmonkeys.Thosefeatheredandfurrycreatureswereeasytolove,andwealsogrewtolovetheseeminglyunlovablewhentravelinginCostaRica.Sweepingawaytheterrorfromthisfreshnewlove,Istartedemailingphotosofmynewinsectfriendstohumanfriendsandfamilyoverseas.Iwasasproudasanynewmotherwithmylatestdiscoveries.Thenwhentheirrepliescamebacksaying“Disgusting!",“Ewww”or“Nasty”,Iwassaddened,andIcouldhardlyrememberthatnotsolongagoIwouldalsohavebeendisgustedbythesightofaten-inchcricket(蟋蟀)onmydiningtable.Travelchangesyouinwaysyouneverexpect,andchangesthingsyouneverwanttochange.Youmaynotimagineyoucouldfindbeautyinaninsect,ifyoulookcloselyatitthere.Youmaynotthinkyoucouldlovetheunlovable.Andifyoutaketimetowonderandopenyourhearttothepossibility,lovecanspreadinanywhere.4、WhatdoweknowabouttheauthorwhenshearrivedinCostaRica?A.ShemissedTVandradioverymuch.B.Shequicklygotusedtothelifethere.C.Sheenjoyedsharingherhomewithinsects.D.Shewasafraidoftheinsectsatfirst.5、Whywastheauthorsadaftergettingtherepliestoherphotos?A.Becausetheinsectslookedreallydisgusting.B.Becauseshewasnotsogoodattakingphotos.C.Becauseherlovetoinsectswasnotunderstood.D.Becauseshemissedherfriendsandfamilyoverseas.6、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theinsectsarenotpoisonousasimagined.B.Travelchangesourviewsabouttheworld.C.Notalllivesshouldbeequallytreated.D.Travelhelpsuschangenatureaswelike.7、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowdidIfallinlovewithinsects?B.Welcometotheinsectscentre!C.SearchforfuninCostaRica!D.HowdidIstartmytravel?CIndia'sPrimeMinisterNarendraModionTuesdaydevelopedaseriesofnewhigh-producingricespecies,includingherbicide-tolerant(耐除草剂的)ricethatcanbedirectlyplantedintothesoil,cuttingthehugeexpensesonwaterandfarmworkers.InIndia,theworld'sbiggestriceexporter,thetraditionalmethodofricegrowingrequiresfarmerstogrowseedsinnurseries,andthenwaitfor20to30daysbeforetransplantingthesmallplantsbyhandintothefieldsthatareankle-deepinwater.Withthenewseedspecies,developedbythestate-runIndianAgriculturalResearchInstitute,farmersonlyneedtowaterthefieldoncetomoisten(使湿润)thesoilbeforeplantingtherice.Besides,thetraditionalmethodalsousesalotofwatertocontrolweedsasherbicidesarecostlyandoftendonotdistinguishbetweenthericeandtheunwantedweeds.Governmentscientistssaidthenewricespeciescontainsagenethatwouldallowfarmerstouseacommon,inexpensiveherbicidewithoutworryingaboutanysideeffects.“Ourfocusisveryhighonnewseedsthatcanbeadaptedtonewconditions,especiallyinchangingclimates,”Modisaid.WaterconservationislikelytobethemainattractionofthenewricespeciesinIndia,wherefarmersrelyheavilyonmonsoon(季风)rains.“Thetraditionalmethoduses3,000to5,000liters(升)ofwatertoproduce1kgofrice.Thenewspeciescouldcutwaterusebyatleast50%to60%,”farmersandgovernmentofficialssay.“Forfarmerslikeus,themainconcernwasthemanagementofwater,andthenewspeciestakescareofthatconcern,”saidRavindraKajal,whogrowsriceonhis9-acrefarmlandinthenorthernstateofHaryana.8、Whatistheadvantageofthenewricespecies?A.Itcanremovealltheweeds.B.Itcanbeplantedinanyfield.C.Itneedslesswatertogrow.D.Itneedslesssoiltogrow.9、Whycanfarmersuseacommonherbicidetothenewricespecies?A.Becausethenewcropspeciescontainsherbicideitself.B.Becausethenewcropspeciesresistsacommonherbicide.C.Becausethecommonherbicideisrelativelycheaper.D.Becausethecommonherbicidecanmoistenthesoil.10、WhatmakesIndiaconsiderplantingthenewricespecies?A.Itsclimate.B.Itsplentifulfunds.C.Itstradition.D.Itslackofherbicide.11、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Indiahascompletelychangeditsricespecies.B.Thefarmerspreferplantingnewricespecies.C.Indiaistryingtopromoteitsnewricespecies.D.ThenewricespeciesproducesthemostriceinIndia.DNexttoatallbuilding,theMuziekpleinforestisoneofsevensuchspecialandverysmallforestsintheDutchcityofUtrecht,and144tinyforestsacrosstheNetherlands.It'saboutthesizeofabasketballcourt.Beforeitwasplanted,theareawasaparkinglot.Bytheendofthisyear,accordingtoIVNNatureEducation,anorganizationleadingthecountry'splan,therewillbe200suchsmallforestsintheNetherlands.Inmanyothercountries,communitiesarecreatingsuchsmall-areaandnativeforestsaspositiveresponsestobigenvironmentalchallenges.Theforestscanbeanyshape,butmustbeatleastfourmeterswidebasedonIVN'sinstructions.Atinyforestcanbebuiltunderayear.Anditgenerallyincludesbetween20and40differenttreespecies.SincethefirstforestwasplantedintheNetherlandsin2015,theideahasbecomepopular.DaanBleichrodtlaunchedIVN'sTinyForestplanwiththegoalofmakingiteasierforchildrentoknowthesignificanceofprotectingenvironment.Hethinksitispopularbecausepeoplearebecomingmoreandmoreawareofmajorenvironmentalchallenges.It'saverypracticalwayforpeopletodosomethingpositiveconsideringclimatechangeandlossofbiodiversity.DatareleasedbyWageningenUniversityresearchersinAprilshowsthattheforestsholdarangeofanimalandplantspecies.Acrossthe11tinyforestsinastudy,volunteersobserved636animalspecies.Theyalsorecognized298plantspeciesinadditiontotheoriginalspeciesplantedintheareas.Dailymaintenanceoftheforestssometimesinvolvesobliteratingunwantedweeds,butingeneral,newplantspecies,suchaswildflowers,areallowedtogrow,accordingtoBleichrodt.SuzanneValkman,headoftheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)Netherlandsforestsunit,said,“Iwasjustamazedtoseehowmanytotalspecieswererecognized.”AWWFreportin2020foundthatwildlifepopulationsintheNetherlandsdecreasedbyhalfoverthelastthreedecades.Butterflies,birdsandreptilespecieswereparticularlyhardhit.Valkmansaid,“TheTinyForestdatashowsthatthesmallprojectcanimprovethatbiodiversityincities.”12、WhatisthefeatureoftheMuziekpleinforest?A.Ithasasmallsize.B.Itincludesonlyrarespecies.C.Ithasaninterestingshape.D.Itisbesideaparklot.13、What'sthepurposeofcreatingtinyforestsintheDutchcity?A.Tomakeagreatprofitoutofthem.B.Toraisetheawarenessofkids'education.C.Tosetanexampletoothercountries.D.Tohelpimprovethelocalenvironment.14、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obliterating”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Checking.B.Protecting.C.Removing.D.Discovering.15、WhydidtheauthormentionSuzanneValkman'swords?A.Todescribethecurrentsituationofwildlifespecies.B.ToshowtheeffectsoftheTinyForestplan.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofbiodiversity.D.Toencourageallofustoplantmoretrees.二、七选五(本部分共1大题，5小题，每小题2.0分，共10.0分)AFromthemomentyouwakeupeachday,you'refacedupwithavarietyofchoices.Withsomanyoptions,wetendtofeelstressed.Thisisdecisionfatigue(决策疲劳),amentalstatethatcandiscourageusmakingbestdecisions..Herearewaysofhowtominimizeormanagethisphenomenon.Makesomechoicesautomaticandeasy.Therearesomewaystodothis:.Ifyoulikehavingbreadforbreakfast,stickwithitonadailybasis.Andifyou'retryingtoexerciseregularly,spareacertaintimeforiteveryday.Paceyourself.Whenyoumakeonedecisionafteranother,it'seasytoendupwithmentalfatigue.Soit'simportanttogiveyourselftimetorestandrecoverthroughouttheday..Itwillhelpyourestoreyourenergytomakemorewisedecisions..Watchforsignsofdecisionfatigueandactaccordingly:Ifyou'vehadatoughdaythatwasfilledwithlotsofdecisions,putoffmakinganotherone.,considerthatyoumaynotbeinthesuitablestateofmindtomakearightdecision.A.ItmayalsohelptoreviewtheprosandconstogetherB.GivetheirexpectationsarealitycheckbythemselvesC.Knowhowyou'refeelingwhenyouaremakingadecisionD.Ifthingsthatwouldn'tnormallyupsetyoustartbotheringyouE.Whenyoushop,usealistandbuythesameitemsoniteachtimeF.Alwaysbreakupactivitiessoyou'renotmentallytiredallthetimeG.Itcancauseyoutomakewrongdecisionsthatdisagreewithyourgoals三、完形填空(本部分共1大题，20小题，每小题1.5分，共30.0分)AAbout20minutesawayfromRiverCampus,onemightsoundsofmagicalflightsatthemysteriousMushroomHouseofPowderMillsPark.Theprivatehouses,asthelandmarkofTownofPerinton,showoffextraordinaryarchitecturalwithtree-likedoorsandwoodensculptures,treasure-filledmosaics,andnaturalisticcomponentsinbothinsideand.ThisoddartistichasgainedtheMushroomHouseitsownofficialwebsiteandwidespreadmedia.Sincethehouse's,ithasactivelybeencoveredbymanymedia.MuchlikeDisney'sPixieHollow,theMushroomHouseappearstobeacollectionof“found”parts.Thestartsfromtheundergroundgaragetothetunnel,areminderoftheUniversity'stunnelsystem,theouteroftheMushroomHouse.ThetopsandinnerbranchesoftheMushroomHouseareingoodcondition,toanyoldmushroomsfoundinabackyard.Butthedifferenttypesofglass,withtheirshapesandmaterials,usedtobuildwallsoftheGreatRoomandthemasterbathroomlendtheinsideacolorfulpersonality.Though,thecurves(曲线)oftheceilingsinallfourmushroomscreateacoustics(音响效果)thatitswebsitethatofCarnegieHallinNewYorkCity.buildersPeterStrongandWilliamAshton,thefour80-tonMushroomHousewerefrommodelsontheground.TheoutsideMushroomHousewasthenwithworksofart,includingfashionablelightingandhandmadebricks,hobbit-likedoors,treeandsculptures,sand-moldedwallsandceilings,customwoodfurniture,andironrailings.Theseworksofartwerealldesignedandbylocalartists.Thoughthisseemslikeadream,itasweetpast.21、A.feelB.hearC.handleD.touch22、A.seenB.leftC.soldD.thrown23、A.designsB.historyC.backgroundD.plans24、A.topB.backC.surfaceD.outside25、A.platformB.roomC.architectureD.sculpture26、A.coverageB.instructionC.conflictD.crisis27、A.purchaseB.disappearanceC.creationD.collapse28、A.originB.courseC.journeyD.adventure29、A.writingB.appearingC.drawingD.making30、A.sharpB.straightC.roundD.square31、A.backB.blindC.similarD.access32、A.completeB.uniqueC.strangeD.perfect33、A.safeB.obviousC.commonD.simple34、A.putsforwardB.beginswithC.takesonD.comparesto35、A.WiththehelpofB.InthefrontofC.WithregardstoD.Intermsof36、A.deliveredB.builtC.researchedD.transported37、A.decoratedB.equippedC.markedD.filled38、A.flowerB.branchC.grassD.leave39、A.spreadB.boughtC.observedD.made40、A.expressesB.concludesC.carriesD.loads四、语法填空(本部分共1大题，10小题，每小题1.5分，共15.0分.把答案写在答题卡相应题号后的横线上)AAnoceanparkinQingdao,ShandongProvince,announcedonWednesdaythatithadartificiallybred(繁殖)sevenloggerheadseaturtles.Thesevenyoungturtles,each(weigh)around25grams,werebredatQingdaoHaichangPolarOceanPark.Thesuccessfulreproductionrepresentsabreakthroughinthepark'sbreedingofmarineanimals.Theloggerheadisaspeciesof(ocean)turtles.Ninedistinctpopulation(branch)werecoveredbytheEndangeredSpeciesActof1973intheUnitedStates.AuthoritiesfromChinasaiditwasthefirsttimeinChinathatloggerheadseaturtles(be)artificiallybred.Afemaleadultloggerhead(long)than100cmhadcomeofagetolayherfirsteggs.Theseeggs(attend)tocautiouslyattheappropriatetemperatureandenvironmentinhopeofasuccessfulresult.Currently,thesevenyoungturtlesarebeing(careful)fedbitsofjellyfishandshrimptokeepthemhealthyandgrowing.Sixturtlesaregoodhealthandcaneat.Qingdao'sdedicationandcommitmenttopreservingendangeredmarineanimalsissignificant,willcertainlybeastartingpointforfuturemarinebreeding.五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)51、Thissummer,Iwentontripwithmybestfriend.Wesetoutintheearlymorning.Twohourslate,wegottothebeautifulMountEmei,whywetalkedtointerestingmonkeysandplayedwiththem.Thoughtherewerelotsofstranger,theywerenotafraid.Theywereespeciallynaughty,butverylovely.Innoon,wetastedthedelicioussnacksthoughtheywerealittleexpensively.Thenextday,weflytoBeijing.WewenttoTiananmenSquare,theoldSummerPalaceruins,theImperialPalaceortheGreatWall.Seenthebeautifulscenery,wewereastonished.Howinterestingthetripitwas!六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分。把答案填写在答题卡的横线上。)52、假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony将作为交换生到你校学习一年，他想要了解你校的概况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.简要介绍你的学校；2.注意事项。注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目和首句已为你写好。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________试题答案解析第1~3题答案1.C

2.A

3.D第1~3题解析本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种不同类型特点的编码网站。1.细节理解题。根据Treehouse下的“Treehousemakesitpossibleforbeginnerstolearnattheirownpaceandchoosedifferenttypesofcodinglanguagesforalllevels.（Treehouse让初学者可以按照自己的节奏学习，并为所有级别选择不同类型的编码语言。）”可知，在Treehouse学习者可以选择适合自己的课程。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据CodeHS下的“CodeHSisoneofthebestwebsitesthatcomewithfunprogramminglessons.（CodeHS是最好的网站之一，提供有趣的编程课程。）”可知，CodeHS最适合想要轻松学习的用户。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据FreeCodeCamp下的“haveachancetoexchangeideaswithmoreexperiencedprogrammers.（有机会与更有经验的程序员交流想法。）”可知，FreeCodeCamp允许用户向一些有经验的程序员学习。故选D。第4~7题答案4.D

5.C

6.B

7.A第4~7题解析本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者是如何喜欢上一些虫子的。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Tobeginwith,Iwasscaredtodeath,andgotawayfromthemasquicklyaspossible.（开始的时候，我都吓死了，并且尽可能快的远离它们。）”可知，开始的时候，作者很害怕。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第四段“Sweepingawaytheterrorfromthisfreshnewlove,Istartedemailingphotosofmynewinsectfriendstohumanfriendsandfamilyoverseas.（从这个新的喜爱上扫走恐惧后，我开始把我新的虫朋友们的照片发给我海外的家人和朋友们。）”可知，作者把新的虫朋友们的照片发给海外的家人和朋友们，是因为他喜欢上这些虫了。但是他们却说难看，说明他们不理解作者对这些虫的喜爱。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Travelchangesyouinwaysyouneverexpect,andchangesthingsyouneverwanttochange.（旅行以你从不会想象的到的方式改变你，并且改变你从不会想改变的事情。）”可知，这一段是在讲述旅行会改变人们对世界的看法。故选B。4.标题归纳题。根据第二段“Tobeginwith,Iwasscaredtodeath,andgotawayfromthemasquicklyaspossible.Butslowlythingschanged.（开始的时候，我都吓死了，并且尽可能快的远离它们。但是，渐渐地，事情开始改变。）”可知，这篇文章主要讲述作者是如何喜欢上这些虫的。故选A。第8~11题答案8.C

9.B

10.A

11.C第8~11题解析本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述印度正在努力推广新的水稻品种。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“India'sPrimeMinisterNarendraModionTuesdaydevelopedaseriesofnewhigh-producingricespecies,includingherbicide-tolerant(耐除草剂的)ricethatcanbedirectlyplantedintothesoil,cuttingthehugeexpensesonwaterandfarmworkers.（印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪在周二阐述了一系列高产水稻新品种，包括可以直接种在土壤里的耐除草剂的水稻，削减了水和农场工人的巨额开支。）”可知，这种水稻不需要那么多的水。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第四段“Governmentscientistssaidthenewricespeciescontainsagenethatwouldallowfarmerstouseacommon,inexpensiveherbicidewithoutworryingaboutanysideeffects.（政府科学家说，这种新的水稻品种含有一种基因，农民可以使用一种普通、廉价的除草剂，而不用担心任何副作用。）”可知，新水稻可以抵抗常见的除草剂。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“WaterconservationislikelytobethemainattractionofthenewricespeciesinIndia,wherefarmersrelyheavilyonmonsoon(季风)rains.（节约用水很可能是印度新水稻物种的主要吸引力，在印度，农民们主要依靠季风雨。）”可知，印度考虑新水稻的原因是在它的气候上。故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“India'sPrimeMinisterNarendraModionTuesdaydevelopedaseriesofnewhigh-producingricespecies,includingherbicide-tolerant(耐除草剂的)ricethatcanbedirectlyplantedintothesoil,cuttingthehugeexpensesonwaterandfarmworkers.（印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪在周二宣布了一系列高产水稻新品种，包括可以直接种在土壤里的耐除草剂的水稻，削减了水和农场工人的巨额开支。）”可知，这是一篇新闻报道类的说明文，文章主要是在说印度正在努力推广新的水稻品种。故选C。第12~15题答案12.A

13.D

14.C

15.B第12~15题解析本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰通过建造小森林，来帮助当地环境。介绍了这种小森林的特色以及其成效。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nexttoatallbuilding,theMuziekpleinforestisoneofsevensuchspecialandverysmallforestsintheDutchcityofUtrecht,and144tinyforestsacrosstheNetherlands.It'saboutthesizeofabasketballcourt.（在一座高楼旁边，Muziekplein森林是荷兰乌得勒支市七个这样特殊和非常小的森林之一，在荷兰还有144个小森林。大概有一个篮球场那么大。）”可知，Muziekplein森林的特点是尺寸很小。故选A。2.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Inmanyothercountries,communitiesarecreatingsuchsmall-areaandnativeforestsaspositiveresponsestobigenvironmentalchallenges.（在许多其他国家，社区正在建造这样的小面积和原生森林，作为对重大环境挑战的积极回应。）”可推知，在荷兰的城市里建造小森林的目的是帮助改善当地环境。故选D。3.词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Dailymaintenanceoftheforestssometimesinvolves”以及后文“unwantedweeds,butingeneral,newplantspecies,suchaswildflowers,areallowedtogrow”可知，森林的日常维护有时包括去除不需要的杂草，但总的来说，新的植物物种，如野花，可以生长。故画线词意思是“去除”。A.Checking.检查；B.Protecting.保护；C.Removing.去除；D.Discovering.发现。故选C。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“SuzanneValkman,headoftheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)Netherlandsforestsunit,said,'Iwasjustamazedtoseehowmanytotalspecieswererecognized.'AWWFreportin2020foundthatwildlifepopulationsintheNetherlandsdecreasedbyhalfoverthelastthreedecades.Butterflies,birdsandreptilespecieswereparticularlyhardhit.Valkmansaid,'TheTinyForestdatashowsthatthesmallprojectcanimprovethatbiodiversityincities.'”（世界自然基金会荷兰森林部门的负责人SuzanneValkman说：“看到这么多物种被确认，我非常惊讶。”世界自然基金会2020年的一份报告发现，在过去30年里，荷兰的野生动物数量减少了一半。蝴蝶、鸟类和爬行动物受到的打击尤其严重。Valkman说：“小森林的数据表明，这个小项目可以改善城市的生物多样性。”）可推知，作者提到SuzanneValkman的话是为了展示小森林计划的效果。故选B。第16~20题答案16.G

17.E

18.F

19.C

20.D第16~20题解析这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种减少决策疲劳的方法。1.G细节支撑句。根据上文“Thisisdecisionfatigue(决策疲劳),amentalstatethatcandiscourageusmakingbestdecisions.（这就是决策疲劳，一种阻碍我们做出最佳决策的心理状态。）”可知，下文要讲述决策疲劳会给我们带来什么影响，G项：Itcancauseyoutomakewrongdecisionsthatdisagreewithyourgoals（它会导致你做出与你的目标不一致的错误决定）与上文呼应，故选G。2.E过渡衔接句。根据上文“Makesomechoicesautomaticandeasy.（让一些选择自动而简单。）”可知，本段主旨大意为让事情变得有规律且简单，再根据设空处上文“Therearesomewaystodothis（有一些方法可以做到这一点）可知设空处会提及让事情变得有规律且简单的方法，E项：Whenyoushop,usealistandbuythesameitemsoniteachtime（当你购物时，使用清单，每次都买上面相同的东西）是其中一种方式，故选E。3.F过渡衔接句。根据上文“Soit'simportanttogiveyourselftimetorestandrecoverthroughouttheday.（所以给自己时间休息和恢复一整天是很重要的。）”可知需要调整节奏，注意休息；F项：Alwaysbreakupactivitiessoyou'renotmentallytiredallthetime（总是把活动分开，这样你就不会一直精神疲惫）符合语境，故选F。4.C主旨概括句。根据下文“Watchforsignsofdecisionfatigueandactaccordingly:Ifyou'vehadatoughdaythatwasfilledwithlotsofdecisions,putoffmakinganotherone.（留意是否有决策疲劳的迹象，并采取相应的行动：如果你度过了艰难的一天，做了很多决定，那就推迟再做决定。）”可知，本段主要讲述要留意自己做决定时候的感受，C项：Knowhowyou'refeelingwhenyouaremakingadecision（当你做决定的时候，要知道自己的感受）符合语境，故选C。5.D过渡衔接句。根据下文“...considerthatyoumaynotbeinthesuitablestateofmindtomakearightdecision.（考虑你现在的心态可能不适合做出正确的决定。）”可知，此处应该有个前提条件，D项：Ifthingsthatwouldn'tnormallyupsetyoustartbotheringyou（如果平常不会让你心烦意乱的事情开始让你心烦意乱）与后文相呼应，故选D。第21~40题答案21.B

22.A

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.A

27.C

28.D

29.B

30.C

31.C

32.B

33.D

34.D

35.A

36.B

37.A

38.B

39.D

40.C第21~40题解析本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些被视为佩林顿镇的地标的私人住宅，在建筑者彼得·斯特朗和威廉·阿什顿的帮助下，这四座80吨重的蘑菇屋是根据地面上的模型建造的。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：距离River校区大约20分钟的路程，你可能会听到神秘的蘑菇屋粉厂公园里神奇的飞行声音。A.feel感觉；B.hear听到；C.handle处理；D.touch触摸。根据下文“soundsofmagicalflights”可知，声音是被听到的。故选B。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些私人住宅被视为Perinton镇的地标，展示了非凡的建筑设计，有树状的门和木制雕塑，充满珠宝的镶嵌工艺，内外都有自然主义元素。A.seen看见；B.left离开；C.sold出售；D.thrown扔、投。根据上文“Theprivatehouses”以及下文“asthelandmarkofTownofPerinton”可推知，此处指这些私人住宅被看作Perinton镇的地标。固定搭配“beseenas”意为“被看作、被视为”。故选A。3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些私人住宅被视为Perinton镇的地标，展示了非凡的建筑设计，有树状的门和木制雕塑，充满宝藏的马赛克，内外都有自然主义的组件。A.designs设计；B.history历史；C.background背景；D.plans计划。根据下文“withtree-likedoorsandwoodensculptured,treasure-filledmosaics”可知，这些都是关于这些建筑的设计样式的。故选A。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些私人住宅被视为Perinton镇的地标，展示了非凡的建筑设计，有树状的门和木制雕塑，充满宝藏的马赛克，内外都有自然主义的组件。A.top顶部；B.back背部；C.surface表面；D.outside外部。根据上文的“inside”可知，此处应填其反义词outside。故选D。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种奇特的艺术建筑已经获得了蘑菇屋的官方网站和媒体的广泛报道。A.platform平台；B.room房间；C.architecture建筑；D.sculpture雕塑。根据第一段的第二句中的“showoffextraordinaryarchitectural”可知，此处表示建筑。故选C。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种奇特的艺术建筑已经获得了蘑菇屋的官方网站和媒体的广泛报道。A.coverage新闻报道；B.instruction说明；C.conflict冲突；D.crisis危机。根据“Sincethehouse’s__7__,ithasactivelybeencoveredbymanymedia.”可知，媒体已经广泛报道了这种奇特的艺术建筑。故选A。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从这座房子被创建以来，它就被许多媒体积极报道。A.purchase购买；B.disappearance消失；C.creation创造；D.collapse倒塌。根据上文“Thisoddartistic__5__hasgainedtheMushroomHouseitsownofficialwebsiteandwidespreadmedia__6__.”可知，这个房子被创建就受到媒体关注。故选C。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：冒险从地下车库开始到隧道，这是一个大学隧道系统的提醒，出现在蘑菇屋的外面。A.origin起源；B.course课程；C.journey旅行；D.adventure冒险。根据上文“MuchlikeDisney'sPixieHollow,theMushroomHouseappearstobeacollectionof“found”parts.”可知，蘑菇屋也是有寻宝设计的，寻宝的过程就充满冒险。故选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：冒险从地下车库开始，一直到隧道，让人想起大学隧道系统，它呈现在蘑菇屋的外部。A.writing写作；B.appearing出现、呈现；C.drawing绘画；D.making制造。根据上文“Theadventure”和“areminderoftheUniversity’stunnelsystem”以及下文“theouteroftheMushroomHouse”可推知，此处指冒险呈现在蘑菇屋的外部，让人想起大学隧道系统。故选B。10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蘑菇屋的圆形顶部和内部枝条状况良好，类似于在后院发现的古老蘑菇。A.sharp锋利的；B.straight笔直的；C.round圆的；D.square正方形的。根据下文“anyoldmushroomsfoundinabackyard.”在后院发现的古老蘑菇，可知，蘑菇屋的屋顶应该是圆形的。故选C。11.考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：蘑菇屋的圆形顶部和内部枝条状况良好，类似于在后院发现的古老蘑菇。A.back后面的；B.blind盲目的；C.similar相似的；D.access机会，权力。根据下文“Butthedifferenttypesofglass”可知but前应是和different相反的，那就是相似的，故选C。12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但不同类型的玻璃，以其独特的形状和材料，用于建造大客厅和主浴室的墙壁，使内部具有丰富多彩的个性。A.complete完整的；B.unique独特的；C.strange奇怪的；D.perfect完美的。根据“usedtobuildwallsoftheGreatRoomandthemasterbathroomlendtheinsideacolorfulpersonality.”可知，其形状和材料都是独特的。故选B。13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管简单，四个蘑菇的天花板的弯曲创造了声学效果，它可以与纽约卡内基音乐厅的网站相媲美。A.safe安全的；B.obvious明显的；C.common普遍的；D.simple简单的。根据下文的“thecurved(曲线)oftheceilingsinallfourmushroomscreateacoustics(音响效果)”可知，这个已经非常棒了，在结合上文的“though”表示让步，说明其虽然简单。故选D。14.考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管简单，四个蘑菇的天花板的弯曲创造了声学效果，它可以与纽约卡内基音乐厅的网站相媲美。A.putsforward提出；B.beginswith始于；C.takeson承担，雇佣；D.comparedto与……相比。根据上文“Though__13__,thecurves(曲线)oftheceilingsinallfourmushroomscreateacoustics(音响效果)”可知，四个蘑菇的天花板的弯曲创造了声学效果，这是可以与其相对比的。故选D。15.考查固定短语辨析。句意：在建筑者彼得·斯特朗和威廉·阿什顿的帮助下，这四座80吨重的蘑菇屋是根据地面上的模型建造的。A.Withthehelpof在……帮助下；B.Inthefrontof在……前面；C.Withregardsto关于；D.Intermsof依据。根据下文的“buildersPeterStrongandWilliamAshton”可知，是在这个建筑者的帮助下完成的。故选A。16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建筑商PeterStrong和WilliamAshton的帮助下，四个80吨的蘑菇屋是根据地面上的模型建造的。A.delivered传送；B.built建造；C.researched研究；D.transported运输。根据上文“__15__buildersPeterStrongandWilliamAshton”以及下文“frommodelsontheground”可推知，此处指蘑菇屋是建筑商根据地上的模型建造的。故选B。17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：蘑菇屋外面装饰着艺术作品，包括时尚的灯具和手工砖、霍比特人式的门、雕刻的树和树枝、沙模塑的墙壁和天花板、定制的木制家具和铁艺。A.decorated装饰；B.equipped装备；C.marked标记；D.filled充满。bedecoratedwith译为：被……装饰。根据下文“includingfashionablelightingandhandmadebricks,hobbit-likedoors,treeand__18__sculptures,sand-moldedwallsandceilings,customwoodfurniture,andironrailings.”可知，这些都是装饰品。故选A。18.考查名词词义辨析。句意：蘑菇屋外面装饰着艺术作品，包括时尚的灯具和手工砖、霍比特人式的门、雕刻的树和树枝、沙模塑的墙壁和天花板、定制的木制家具和铁艺。A.flower花；B.branch树枝；C.gr