甘肃省定西市定西八校2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

2024—2025学年第一学期定西市普通高中高二年级教学质量统一检测试题(卷)英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesthewomanlearntosingChinesesongs?A.TomeetherChinesefriend.B.Togiveaperformance.C.Tolearnthelanguage.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdoesthewomanfindtheEnglishprogram?AAlittledifficult. B.Veryimportant. C.Quiteinteresting.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.Sheishard-working. B.Sheistalkative. C.Sheisforgetful.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whencanthespeakersmeet?A.OnWednesday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnMonday.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanrefusethewoman’soffer?A.Heispoorlypaid. B.Heisverybusy. C.Heisnotconfident.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.Fixupthenetwork. B.Askthewaiterforamenu. C.Connecttothenetwork.7.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.UsetheCAFE2network. B.TrytheCAFE1network. C.Checkthepassword.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ashortvideo. B.Apieceofmusic. C.Acompetition.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelabout“Victory”?A.It’sinspiring. B.It’sexpensive. C.It’sordinary.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whydoweightliftersshoutwhenliftingaccordingtotheman?A.Tomakebodyhealthier. B.Toreleasemorepower. C.Toavoidanemergency.11.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’sexplanation?A.Confused. B.Surprised. C.Doubtful.12.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent. B.Anathlete. C.Ajournalist.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Herneighborshavejustmovedhere.B.Hernewneighborsseemunfriendly.C.Shehasjustmovedtoanewplace.14.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabouttheneighbors’son?A.Heavoidsspeakingtoher.B.Hiscarradiomakesbignoise.C.Heoftencomeshomesolate.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Introduceherkidstoherneighbors.B.Tellherneighborsabouthertrouble.C.Telephoneherneighborstocomplain.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Acouple. C.Strangers.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingamusicprogram. B.Reportingastudy. C.Givingalesson.18.HowoldwasBeethovenwhenhepublishedhisfirstwork?A.30yearsold. B.21yearsold. C.13yearsold.19.WhendidthemusicpieceSymphonyNo.5inCMinorcomeout?A.In1804. B.In1814. C.In1808.20.WhatisFidelio?A.Apoem. B.Anopera. C.Abook.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASeeYosemiteNationalPark’siconicnaturalwondersonthisconvenientminibustourthatsavestimeandenergy.Letsomeoneelsehandlethedrive,andvisitsomeofthepark’sbestsightsinjustoneday.Duration:14hoursPrice:From$229.00What’sincluded:·NationalParkfees·Allactivities·Hotel/portpick-upanddrop-off（fromselecthotelsinSanFrancisco）What’snotincluded:·Foodanddrink·Gratuities·Nopick-up/drop-offfromresidentialaddressesorhotelsoutsideofSanFranciscoAccessibility·Notwheelchairaccessible·Strolleraccessible·Serviceanimalsallowed·Nearpublictransportation·InfantseatsavailableAdditionalinformation·Thetripisaccessibleformostofthetour.However,attheendoftheday,wegoonahiketoseethegiantsequoias(红杉).ThisisNOTadvisedforpeoplewithback,heartorkneeproblems.Itisalsonotwheelchairaccessible.Unfortunately,thisistheonlywaytoseesequoias.·ThereisapossibilitythattheGiantSequoiaHikewillnotbeavailableduetowinterweatherconditions.·Thisexperiencerequiresgoodweather.Ifit’scancelledduetopoorweather,you’llbeofferedadifferentdateorafullrefund(退款).CancellationpolicyForafullrefund,cancelatleast24hoursinadvanceofthestartdateoftheexperience.21.Howwillvisitorstraveltothedestination?A.Bycar. B.Bybus.C.Bytrain. D.Bywater.22.Whichofthefollowingshouldvisitorspayextramoney?A.Allactivities. B.NationalParkfees.C.Foodanddrink. D.Pick-upinSanFrancisco.23.Whoisnotsuitableforthehiketoseethegiantsequoias?A.Peoplewithheartproblems. B.Peoplewithpassionforhiking.C.Peoplewithchildren. D.Peoplewithgoodphysicalfitness.BMostpeoplearen’tfamiliarwithwhereLesothois.WhenIwasaskedtogothereasateacher,Ididn’tknoweither.Lesothoisasmall,mountainouscountrysurroundedbyitslargerneighbor,SouthAfrica.Wintersaresocoldanddrythattreescanonlysurviveifthey’renearaspringorriver.SowhenImetWilfred,whohadmanytreestoplantonhiswayhome,Ihadtoseewhathe’ddone.MybrotherandImadethetwo-hourhikeonewintermorning.Aswecamearoundthemountain,wesawlotsoftrees.WecontinuedonandreachedWilfred’shomeinanareasurroundedbyawonder:agardenwithpeachandpeartrees.IwasamazedatwhatWilfredhadachieved,buthesaidmostoftheworkwasdonebyhisfather,MrPitso.IfeltgreatadmirationforMrPitso.Hementionedthathestartedplantingpeachtrees20yearsearlier.Atfirst,peoplewereresentful,andseveraltimesothersremovedhistreesbecausetheyfeltitwasunfairforhimtohavesomethingtheydidn’thave.Tosolvetheproblem,MrPitsogavehistreesawayfreelytohisneighbors.Healsoorganizedtree-plantingdaysattheprimaryschoolwhereheworkedandstartedatree-buyingcooperativetogetfundsfromthegovernment.Heshowedpeoplehowtheycouldmaketree-growingprofitablebysellingfruitandfirewood.Intimesofdrought,althoughhewasinhissixties,hecarriedbucketsofwaterfromthesmallstreamtohistrees.Asweleft,MrPitsotoldusthatbeforehedied,hehopedtoseethebarren(贫瘠的)valleyaroundhishomecoveredwithtrees.Whenfacedwithchallengesinmylife,IrememberMrPitso’sdream.ThepoorprimaryschoolteacherlivinginthemountainsofLesothogivesmehope.24WhydidtheauthordecidetovisitWilfred’shome?A.TohelpWilfredplantpeachtrees. B.Togetsomefirewoodforthewinter.C.ToseeWilfred’stree-plantingefforts. D.TolearnaboutWilfred’slivingconditions.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resentful”inparagraph3mean?A.Confused. B.Annoyed. C.Careless. D.Helpless.26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeMrPitso?A.Caringandstrong-willed. B.Demandingandhigh-spirited.C.Creativeandself-centered. D.Determinedandgood-humored.27.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetext?A.TointroducethegeographyofLesotho.B.Toexplaintheimportanceoftree-planting.C.Todiscussthechallengesofteachingabroad.D.Toshareahopefulstoryaboutprotectingnature.CWindowsbrightenaroom,andgiveusaviewoutsideofit.Theyalsoletinalargeamountofheatfromthesun.Infact,about87%ofheatgainsinagivenspacecomethroughitswindows.Thisisbecauseultraviolet(紫外线的)radiationpassesthroughglasseasily.Tokeepouttheheat,peopleusewindowcoveringslikecurtains,butthisalsoblockstheview.Arecentstudyindicatesthatsoonpeoplewholoveaview—buthatetheheat—willbeabletohaveitbothways.Thestudypresentsanewwindowcoatingthatcouldletinsunlightandkeepouttheheat.Windowfilmsandheat-blockingcoatingsarenotanewconcept.So,what’snewaboutthiscoating?It’sallabouttheangles.Becausewindowsareplacedvertically(垂直地),sunlighthitsthematdifferentanglesthroughouttheday.Ifagivencoatingonlyblocksultravioletlightata90-degreeangle,itisonlyusefulatthetimeofdayatwhichthesunhitstheglassatthatangle.“Theanglebetweenthesunshineandthewindowisalwayschanging.Ourcoatingmaintainsfunctionalityandefficiencywhereverthesun’spositionisinthesky,”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy.Insteadoftryingtousetrialanderror,whichcouldtakeyears,thescientistsusedAImachine-learningmodelassistedbyquantum(量子的)computingtofigureoutthewaytocreateanidealwindowcoating.Thecoatingcanremainclearandkeeparoomcoolatanygivenhouroftheday,regardlessoftheangleatwhichthesunlightishittingthewindow.Thereareendlessnumbersofpracticalapplicationsforthisnewwindowcoating,fromcommercialusetohomeuse,andevenforuseinthecars.Itwillcertainlylowerenergyuseaspeopleallovertheworldturnofftheirairconditionersandelectricfansandstillenjoytheview.28.Whatisadisadvantageofwindowcoverings?A.Theyareexpensive. B.Theyaredifficulttoinstall.C.Theypreventtheviewoutside. D.Theycan’tblocktheheateffectively.29.Whatmakesthenewwindowcoatingunique?A.Itblocksallsunlight. B.Itisefficientatafixedangle.C.Itchangescolorwithsunlight. D.Itworksinallsunlightconditions.30.Howdidscientistsdevelopthenewwindowcoating?A.Bytrialanderror. B.WithquantumcomputingandAI.C.Byimitatingexistingwindowfilms. D.Withtraditionalmachine-learningmodels.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthenewwindowcoating?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear.C.Critical. D.Optimistic.DHumanconversationsarerapid-fireaffairs,withmeremilliseconds,one-thousandthofasecond,passingbetweenoneperson’sspeechandtheirpartner’sresponse.Thisspeedyturntakingisuniversalacrosscultures—butnowitturnsoutthatchimps(黑猩猩)doit,too.ByanalyzingthousandsofgesturesfromchimpsinEastAfrica,researchersfoundthattheanimalstaketurnswhilecommunicating,anddosoasquicklyaswedo.Researcherssortedouthundredsofhoursoffootagefromalargedatabaseofchimpgesturalinteractions.Theresearchersstudiedthefootage,describingthemovementseachchimpmade.Theyfoundthechimpsrespondedtogestureswithanothergestureintheirinteractions.Inonecase,twochimpsexchangedsevengesturesinarow:YoungmaleDaudiinUgandahadcaughtasmallantelope,andyoungfemaleOnyofiwasrequestingsomeofthemeat.Everytimeshemadeabegginggesture,Daudiwouldrespondbymovinghisarmsandstampinghisfeet-gesturesthatmean“moveaway,goaway”.Thisturntakingwasrapidandoftenoverlapping,seemingtoflownaturallylikeinhumanconversations.What’smore,ittookchimpsanaverageofjust120millisecondstorespondtoanotherchimp'sgesturewiththeirown,wellwithinthe0-to200-millisecondrangecommoninhumaninteractions.“Theworkhasimportantimplicationsfortheoriginsofhumancommunication,”saysStephenLevinson,alinguist.Humansmayhavegotturn-takingbehaviorfromourlastcommonancestorwithothergreatapes(类人猿).Findingoneofthosefeatures-turntaking-inourclosecousinssuggeststhateventheearliesthumansalreadyhadthisability.However,someresearcherssayit’stooearlytoconcludethathumansandchimpsbothgotthisabilityfromourancestor.“Withoutlookingatotherspecies,wecan’tmakethatclaim.Wedon’tknowifthisissomethingspecialaboutchimps’communication,orwhetherit’sbeenfoundtherefirst‘becausewefirstlythinkofchimpswhenwe’reaskingevolutionary(进化的)questions’,”ananimalcommunicationresearchersaid.32.Whatisthecommonunderstandingoftheturntaking?A.Itreferstoallkindsofcommunicatingskills.B.Itgenerallyexistsamongdifferentcultures.C.Itisafactorthatdistinguishespeoplefromanimals.DItcanbelearnedbychimpswithpeople’sguideline.33.WhydoestheauthormentionDaudiandOnyofi?A.Tomakeacontrast. B.Tomakeacomment. C.Toexplainarule. D.Toclarifyaconcept.34.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thescientistswilldomoreresearch.B.Morechimpswillbesenttobestudied.C.Theresearchers’conclusionisfullyrecognized.D.Thestudyofevolutioniscloselyrelatedtochimps.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChimpsstudytotaketurnfromhumansB.ChimpstaketurnswhilechattingjustlikehumansC.ChimpsusetheirownwordstochatwiththeirpartnersD.Chimpsgettheabilityoftakingturnfromourancestors第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearemanydifferentformsofsuccess,andtherearesometruthstoachievingsuccess,manyofwhicharenotknownoraccepted.Ifyouwanttotastethesweetjoyofgreatachievement,youneedtorealizethefollowing.Thereisnorewardwithoutrisk.____36____Thekeyistorememberthatnothingofrealworthwaseverachievedbyplayingitcompletely“safe”.____37____Althoughyoumightbelievethatsuccessfulpeoplewokeuponedaywithamaptogreatnessintheirminds,thisisn’tthecaseatall.It’scompletelynormaltonothaveanideaofwheretogoandtofillintheblanksasyoumovealong,ratherthanadetailedplantosticktofromstarttofinish.There’salwaysroomtolearnmorefromothers.Youmightbeanabsolutemasteratyourcraft,butthere’sanelderlycraftsmaninanothercountrywhosemasteryputsyourstoshame.____38____Nobodyhaseverreachedapointwherethere’snothingleftforthemtolearn.Boundariesarevitallyimportantforeveryoneinvolved.Anyonewho’sspentafairamountoftimewithchildrenknowsthattheyappreciatestructure,schedules,andboundaries.Intruth,peopledon’tactuallygrowoutofthat:Justabouteveryoneismorecomfortablewhentheyknowwhichboundariestoworkwithin.____39____Successismeasuredinindividualterms,notsomeoneelse’sideasorexpectations.Determinehowyoumeasuresuccessasanindividual.____40____Thisgoalisyours—nottheirs.A.Allworkandnoplaydrivesmenmad.B.It’sokaytonothaveeverythingfiguredoutallatonce.C.Andnevermindhowotherpeoplemaychoosetodefineit.D.Fewsuccessfulpeoplehaveattainedwhattheydidwithoutsomemeasureofrisk.E.Setfairones,defendthemforyourownpeace,andrespectothers’boundariesinturn.FAwisepersonwillapproachthatelderandaskifheorshecanlearnsomeofhistechniques.G.Learntobecomfortablewiththisdiscomfortinsteadofavoidingitormovingtoeaseit.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneafternoon,MarkReissigwasoutforabikeridewhenhesuddenlyfeltexhausted.Hewas____41____thatitwasasignalofaheartattack.Atthatmoment,MollyAmes,alocalresident,wasdrivingbyandnoticedMark’s____42____.Shesawhim,agrandfatherlyfigure,tryinghardtogetoffhisbikeandsheimmediately____43____tohelp.Weakly,MarktoldMollytocall911beforehe____44____consciousness.Thedispatcher(调度员),MeganWilliams,calmly____45____MollyhowtoperformCPR.For4minutes,MollycontinuedCPRonMark,whichbecamea____46____forMark.Whenthedoctorsfinally____47____,theymanagedtorestartMark’sheart,whichhadstoppedfor____48____8minutes.Thedoctors____49____Mollyforhercalmnessandwillingnesstohelp,emphasizingtheimportanceofheractions.Molly,withamodest_____50_____,said,“Ithinkanyonewoulddothat.”Herbraverywas_____51_____bythetownofWalworthwithaspecialdeclaration,honoringher“_____52_____actionsinperforminglifesavingCPR.”Reflectingonthe_____53_____,Markstated,“Sheisandwillalwaysbemyhero.”Inabriefmoment,Mollyhad_____54_____fromaconcernedcitizenintoahero,makingasignificantdifferenceinthelifeofsomeoneshedidn’t_____55_____.HerbraveryandquickthinkingsavedMark’slife,andforthat,hewillalwaysbethankful.41A.anxious B.unaware C.afraid D.convinced42.A.achievement B.inability C.discomfort D.curiosity43.A.brokedown B.wentout C.ranaway D.pulledover44.A.lost B.gained C.kept D.remained45.A.observed B.attacked C.instructed D.commented46.A.lifeline B.landmark C.timetable D.footprint47.A.disappeared B.arrived C.called D.passed48.A.fairly B.hardly C.merely D.nearly49.A.convinced B.praised C.supplied D.awarded50.A.style B.look C.tone D.goal51.A.recognized B.challenged C.arranged D.charged52.A.suitable B.curious C.selfish D.heroic53.A.affair B.story C.incident D.danger54.A.differed B.transformed C.boomed D.stretched55.A.know B.care C.realize D.trust第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xiamen,acoastalcityinsoutheastChina,hasareputationforitsdeep-rootedteaculture.Ithaslongbeenacenterforteagrowing,processing,tradeand___56___(consume).AstandouttraditioninXiamenischazhuozi,___57___,literallymeaning“teatable”,referstoagatheringcenteredaroundteadrinking.Chazhuozidrawspeopletogatheraroundatabletoshareteaandstories,creatingwarm,___58___(welcome)occasionsforpeopletoenjoytheartofteabrewing(煮)in___59___relaxed,socialsetting.Thevarietyofteasreflectsthediversityofthepeoplewhoenjoythem.Tea___60___(serve)inmultipleinfusions(沏成的饮料),withthesameleavessteepedmultipletimes,eachrevealinga___61___(slight)differentflavorandallowingthefullrangeofaparticulartea’snuances(细微差别)___62___(appreciate).ManyyoungpeopleinXiamen,___63___(inspire)bythistraditionalteaculture,regardthepracticeofteadrinking___64___awaytoreconnectwiththeirroots.Atthesametime,youngergenerationsareinnovatingontheclassicchazhuozibyexperimentingwith___65___(rich)teavarietiesthanbefore,modernbrewingtechniquesandcontemporarysettings.Thiscombinationoftraditionandinnovationhelpsensurethatteacultureremainsrelevantintoday’sfast-pacedworld.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.你校英文报正在举办题为“BeYourOwnHero”的征文活动。请你写一篇英文短文投稿，内容包括：1.你的看法；2.说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。BeYourOwnHero____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asakid,myfavoriteplaceintheneighborhoodwasn’ttheparkorthecandystore—itwasMrBennett’sbicycleshop.SittingonthecornerofMapleStreet,thesmallshopsmelledoftiresandoil,withbikesandtoolsscatteredeverywhere.MrBennett,atallmanwiththickglassesandgrease-stainedhands,rarelysmiledorspokeunlessnecessary.Hewasn’tthetypetoentertainkids,buthedidn'tmindwhenmyfriendsandIhungaround,watchinghimworkoradmiringtheshinynewbikesondisplay.Unlikeothershopownerswhochasedusoff,heletusstayaslongaswedidn'ttouchanything.Onedustysummerafternoon,whilesittingcross-leggedontheshopfloor,Inoticedanoldbicyclewheelleaningagainstthewall.Itsshi