广西桂林市2024-2025学年高三下学期开学质量检测英语试题【含答案解析】

2025年春季高三开学质量检测卷英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdothespeakersneedtobuy?A.Afridge.B.Adinnertable.C.Afewchairs.2.Whatistheman?A.AChineseteacherinaschool.B.AChineseteacherinauniversity.C.AnEnglishteacherinauniversity.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.4.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Asalesperson.B.Adoctor.C.Adriver.5.Whatwasthemandoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.Hewasridinghisbike.B.Hewasdrivingthecar.C.Hewassittingonthebus.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanadvisetheboytodo?A.Callthedoctorrightaway.B.Gotothenearestclinic.C.Havearestathome.7.Whydoestheboyrefusetoseethedoctortoday?A.Hedislikesseeingdoctors.B.Hewantstotakethetest.C.Hedidn’tmaketheappointment.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What’stheman’smajor?A.English.B.Chinese.C.French.9.Whichisarequirementforthisjob?A.Studyingabroad.B.Workingwithchildren.C.Workinginatrainingcenter.10.Whenwillthemanbeoffwork?A.OnMondays.B.OnSaturdays.C.OnSundays.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthebandcareabout?A.Theenvironment.B.Thesociety.C.Theschool.12.Whoplaysthekeyboardintheband?A.Lucy.B.Ivan.C.Alice.13.What’sthewoman’sattitudetojoiningtheband?A.Indifferent.B.Uncertain.C.Positive.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhatkindofpersonisSusan?A.Outgoing.B.Unfriendly.C.Shy.15.HowisAnnagettingalongwithSusan?A.Verywell.B.Ratherbadly.C.Justokay.16.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.PlaywithAnna.B.MakeSusanfeelproud.C.TrytogetonwithSusan.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlongwilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.Abouthalfamonth.B.Aboutonemonth.C.Abouttwomonths.18.Whatwillbeondisplayintheexhibition?A.Oilpaintings.B.Clothes.C.Footballs.19WhatisLowry?A.Aticketseller.B.Astudent.C.Anartist.20.Whatisamustforastudenttobuytheticket?A.Atelephone.B.Astudentcard.C.Somerecentworks.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEdinburghEssayAward2025ThecontestisorganizedbytheScottishArtsTrust,basedinEdinburgh,Scotland.TopicsandrequirementsThecompetitionwelcomesnon-fictionsubmissionsonabroadrangeoftopics.Weseekessaysonculturalsubjectssuchasart,literature,theatre,dance,music,andotherartisticexpressions-travelnarratives(故事)aboutlocations,individuals,andexperiences;profilesthatexploretheimpactofpeople—fromcommunityfigurestointernationalcelebrities;discussionsofenvironmentalissuesfromhouseholdtogloballevel;personalmemoirs(回忆录)reflectingontransformativeexperiences;andexaminationsofphilosophical,historical,ormodern-daytopicsandmore.Entriesshouldbenomorethan2,000words.Photographsandgraphicillustrationswithinthebodyoftheessayarepermitted.Footnotesarenotpermitted.YourworkmustbeinEnglish,original,andunpublished.WhomayenterThecompetitionisopentoanyoneaged16andover.Entryfees,prizesandbursaries(奖学金)EntryFee:£10peressay.Youmayenterasmanytimesasyouwish.Prizes·FirstPrize:£1,000·SecondPrize:£500·ThirdPrize:£250Ourbursaryschemeoffersalimitednumberofbursariesfortalentedwriterswhoareunder-represented.Thesebursariesareopentoapplicantsworldwidewhofacechallengessuchaslowhouseholdincomediscriminationofanykind,disability,full-timecaregivingresponsibilities,orotherbarriers.Werequireyoutosubmittheworkforthecompetitionaspartofyourapplication.1.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Submittingessaysonculturalsubjects.B.Handinginanentrywithover2,000words.C.Offeringanarticleaboutafamouspeople.D.Writingtravelnarrativesaboutlocations.2.Howmuchwillasecond-prizewinnerberewardedwith?A.£250. B.£500. C.£750. D.£1,000.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthecompetition?A.Itprovidessomescholarships.B.Itwelcomessciencefiction.C.ItisorganizedbyacollegeinAmerica.D.Itisopentowritersofallages.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年爱丁堡写作大赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Topicsandrequirements”部分中第二段“Entriesshouldbenomorethan2,000words.

(参赛作品不得超过2000个字。)”可知，参赛作品不得超过2000字，如果上交超过2000字的作品，将导致取消资格，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Entryfees,prizesandbursaries(奖学金)部分下的“·SecondPrize:£500(二等奖：£500)”可知，二等奖获奖者将获得£500，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ourbursaryschemeoffersalimitednumberofbursariesfortalentedwriterswhoareunder-represented.Thesebursariesareopentoapplicantsworldwidewhofacechallengessuchaslowhouseholdincome,discriminationofanykind,disability,full-timecaregivingresponsibilities,orotherbarriers.

(我们的奖学金计划为少数族裔的优秀作家提供有限的奖学金。这些奖学金面向全球的申请人，他们面临诸如低家庭收入、的歧视、残疾、全职护理责任或其他障碍等挑战。)”可知，比赛提供了一些奖学金。故选A。BThenotebookstaredbackatme.Yellowingpaperandblack-and-whitephotographsspilledoutofitssides.InhandwrittenSpanish,thelabelonitscoverread“FamilyHistory”.Iopenedittothefirstpageandbegantoread.“I’mnotsurewhatitisthatI’mabouttowrite,butI’vehadthisideaforanumberofyears…”ThiswasclearlyGrandpa’shandwriting.InhisbasementinthesuburbsoutsideofLondonIreadoninsilence.Withinthefirstfewpagesofthenotebook,Grandpahadrecountedourfamily’shistory.WhatIheldinmyhandswasanoralhistory,consistingofdiaries,letters,andnewspapercuttingsfromGrandpa’sownyouth,atreasureofresearch.Ididn’ttellGrandpawhatI’dfoundinhisbasementuntilonedayhehappenedtoseemethere,withhisnotebookopenonthedesk.Myfacereddened.“I’vebeenlookingatyourwriting.It’sveryinteresting.”Outofmyexpectation,hebrokeintoawidesmile,andhiseyeswelledupwithtears.Thenhebegantotellmethefamilystory,explainingthepartsIdidn’tunderstand.Asbothagrandsonandajournalist,Iaskedquestionsthatbroughtcolortothesehistories.Whydidmygreat-grandfatherleaveIraqinsuchahurryintheearly1900s?WhydidheworkasatravelingsalesmanintheremoteAndesMountains?Answerstothesequestionsbroughtmeasenseofexcitement,sortoflikeunlockinganewworld.Recently,IwastravelingthecountrytodiscussabookIwroteaboutmysearchacrossArgentinafortracesofmygreat-grandfather.WhatI’verealizedbytalkingwithothersisthattimeandenergyremainourbiggestbarrierstohearingourfamilies’stories.Theyaretheidentitieswecreateinworldsforeignandfamiliar,rememberednowbutforeveratriskofbeingforgotten.Ifeelluckytohaveaskedbeforeit’stoolate,beforethekeepersoftheanswersaregone.4.Whatdidtheauthorfindinhisgrandpa’sbasement?A.Alonglosthistorybook. B.Hiddenfamilytreasures.C.StoriescreatedbyGrandpa. D.Recordsoffamilyhistory.5.HowdidGrandpafeelwhenhesawtheauthorinthebasement?A.Embarrassedandshy. B.Sadandthenrelieved.C.Emotionalandpleased. D.Annoyedbutthenforgiving.6.Whatmaythefindinghaveinspiredtheauthortodo?A.Tobecomeabetterjournalist.B.Toinvestigatehisfamilyfurther.C.Todomoreinternationaltravel.D.Tocollectmoredyingfolkstories.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thebarriers. B.Peoplewetalkedwith.C.Thebookswewrote. D.Ourfamilies’stories.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在爷爷的地下室里发现了一个记录家族历史的笔记本，这激发了他探寻家族历史的热情。同时，他庆幸在此时去探寻家族历史，因为很多人还健在，历史不会湮灭。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“InhandwrittenSpanish,thelabelonitscoverread“FamilyHistory”(封面上的标签用手写西班牙语写着“家族历史”。)”可知，作者在爷爷的地下室里发现了家族历史的记录。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Ididn’ttellGrandpawhatI’dfoundinhisbasementuntilonedayhehappenedtoseemethere,withhisnotebookopenonthedesk.Myfacereddened.“I’vebeenlookingatyourwriting.It’sveryinteresting.”Outofmyexpectation,hebrokeintoawidesmile,andhiseyeswelledupwithtears.Thenhebegantotellmethefamilystory,explainingthepartsIdidn’tunderstand.(我没有告诉爷爷我在他地下室里发现了什么，直到有一天他碰巧看到我在那里，而他的笔记本正摊开在桌上。我的脸一下子红了。“我一直在看你的写作。非常有趣。”出乎我的意料，他露出了灿烂的笑容，眼里泛起了泪光。然后，他开始给我讲家族的故事，解释那些我不明白的部分。)”可知，当爷爷发现作者在悄悄阅读他记录家族历史的笔记本时，他并没有生气，而是露出了笑容，眼里噙满了泪水。由此可推知，爷爷当时应该是激动的和高兴的。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Recently,IwastravelingthecountrytodiscussabookIwroteaboutmysearchacrossArgentinafortracesofmygreat-grandfather.(最近，我在全国各地旅行，讨论我写的一本书，书中记录了我在阿根廷寻找曾祖父踪迹的经历。)”可知，作者曾在阿根廷探寻他的曾祖父的生活轨迹。由此可推知，阅读爷爷的笔记本后，作者进一步探寻了他的家族历史。故选B。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“WhatI’verealizedbytalkingwithothersisthattimeandenergyremainourbiggestbarrierstohearingourfamilies’stories.(通过与他人的交流，我意识到时间和精力仍是我们聆听家人故事的最大障碍。)”和划线词所在的句子“They

aretheidentitieswecreateinworldsforeignandfamiliar,rememberednowbutforeveratriskofbeingforgotten.(它们是我们在陌生又熟悉的世界中塑造的身份，此刻虽被铭记，却永远面临着被遗忘的风险。）”可知，They指代上一句中的ourfamilies’stories。故选D。CGoodsportsmanshipisthepracticeofengaginginsportswithaspiritoffairness,respect,andgoodmanners,regardlessofthecompetitivepressure.Itrepresentsthespiritsofplayingbytherules,honoringbothteammatesandopponents,andexhibitinggracewhetherinvictoryordefeat.Thesignificanceofgoodsportsmanshipextendsfarbeyondtheplayingfield.Itisvitalformaintainingthespiritsandintegrityofsports.Athleteswhoexemplifygoodsportsmanshiphelptocreateacompetitivebutfriendlyenvironmentthatenhancestheenjoymentofthegameforeveryoneinvolved:players,coaches,officials,andsoon.Firstly,goodsportsmanshippromotesapositiveatmospherethatencourageseveryonetoparticipateandgivetheirbest.Itfostersasenseofcommunityandteamwork,whichiscrucialforcollectivesuccessinteamsports.Whenathletesdisplayrespectandfairness,ithelpstobuildtrustandstrengthensrelationshipsamongteammembers,whichcantranslateintobetterperformanceandmorecohesiveplay.Secondly,goodsportsmanshipservesasamodelforyoungerathletes,wholookuptohigher-levelplayersasrolemodels.Thebehaviorexhibitedbytheserolemodelscansignificantlyinfluencetheattitudesandactionsofyoungerparticipantstowardsthesportandcompetitioningeneral.Bypracticinggoodsportsmanship,seasonedathletessetastandardforupcominggenerations,teachingthemthatsuccessisnotjustaboutwinningbutabouthowyouplaythegame.Moreover,goodsportsmanshipisessentialforthereputationandsustainabilityofsports.Negativebehaviororunsportsmanlikeconductcandamagethepublicawarenessofasportandcanleadtodecreasedparticipationrates,sponsorship,andsupport.Incontrast,sportscharacterizedbyhighlevelsofsportsmanshiparemorelikelytobeviewedpositively,attractingmoreplayersandaudiences,andincreasingtheoverallreachandimpactofthesport.Inthisway,goodsportsmanshipnotonlyenhancespersonalandteamsuccessbutalsoupholdsthedignityandappealofsportsasawhole.Itensuresthatsportsremainavaluabletoolforteachingimportantlifeskillssuchasrespectandteamwork.8.Whatdoesparagraphlintendtotellus?A.Thecompetitivepressure.B.Goodmannersinthesportsfields.C.Theinfluenceofsportsmanship.D.Truemeaningofsportsmanship.9.Whyisgoodsportsmanshipbeneficialtoyoungerathletes?AItsetsagoodexampletothem.B.Itteachesthemhowtoplaywell.C.Itraisestheenjoymentofthegame.D.Itcreatesacompetitiveenvironment.10.Whydoestheauthormentionnegativebehaviorinsports?A.Totellacommonphenomenon.B.Tointroduceaclearcomparison.C.Tocriticizebadbehaviorinsports.D.Towarnusofunsportsmanlikeconduct.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Whatsportsmanshipincludes?B.Howwecanbuildsportsmanship?C.Whysportsmanshipisimportant?D.Whensportsmanshipgetsreflected?【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了良好体育精神的重要性，包括其对运动环境、年轻运动员的榜样作用、以及对体育声誉和可持续性的影响。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Goodsportsmanshipisthepracticeofengaginginsportswithaspiritoffairness,respect,andgoodmanners,regardlessofthecompetitivepressure.Itrepresentsthespiritsofplayingbytherules,honoringbothteammatesandopponents,andexhibitinggracewhetherinvictoryordefeat.Thesignificanceofgoodsportsmanshipextendsfarbeyondtheplayingfield.Itisvitalformaintainingthespiritsandintegrityofsports.(良好的体育精神是指在不受竞争压力影响的情况下，以公平、尊重和礼貌的精神参与体育运动。它代表着遵守规则、尊重队友和对手的精神，无论在胜利还是失败中都表现出优雅。良好体育精神的意义远远超出了运动场。对于维护体育的精神和完整性至关重要。)”可知，第一段主要解释了良好体育精神的真正含义，即公平、尊重和礼貌的精神，以及它的重要性。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“goodsportsmanshipservesasamodelforyoungerathletes,wholookuptohigher-levelplayersasrolemodels.Thebehaviorexhibitedbytheserolemodelscansignificantlyinfluencetheattitudesandactionsofyoungerparticipantstowardsthesportandcompetitioningeneral.Bypracticinggoodsportsmanship,seasonedathletessetastandardforupcominggenerations,teachingthemthatsuccessisnotjustaboutwinningbutabouthowyouplaythegame.(良好的体育精神是年轻运动员的榜样，他们把高水平的运动员视为榜样。这些榜样所展现的行为可以显著影响年轻参与者对这项运动和整体竞争的态度和行动。通过实践良好的体育精神，经验丰富的运动员为下一代树立了标准，教导他们成功不仅仅是关于赢，而是关于你如何比赛。)”可知，良好的体育精神对年轻运动员有益是因为它为他们树立了一个好榜样，教会他们成功不仅仅是赢得比赛，更在于如何比赛。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Negativebehaviororunsportsmanlikeconductcandamagethepublicawarenessofasportandcanleadtodecreasedparticipationrates,sponsorship,andsupport.”(负面行为或非体育行为可能会损害公众对一项运动的认知，并可能导致参与率、赞助和支持的减少。)以及最后一段“Incontrast,sportscharacterizedbyhighlevelsofsportsmanshiparemorelikelytobeviewedpositively,attractingmoreplayersandaudiences,andincreasingtheoverallreachandimpactofthesport.”(相比之下，具有良好体育精神特征的运动更有可能被视为积极的，吸引更多的运动员和观众，并增加运动的总体影响力和影响力。)”可知，作者提到体育运动中的负面行为是为了与良好体育精神进行对比，突出良好体育精神对体育运动的积极影响。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了良好体育精神的重要性，包括其对运动环境、年轻运动员的榜样作用、以及对体育声誉和可持续性的影响，所以选项C“为什么体育精神很重要？”最能概括文章主旨，可以作为这篇文章的合适标题。故选C。DAstronomershaveuncoveredthefeedingscheduleofasupermassiveblackhole,revealingthatitconsumesmaterialabouteverythreeandahalfyears.Thisdiscoveryprovidescriticalinsightsintothebehavioroftheseuniversalforces,deepeningscientists’understandingofthepowerfulformationsthatshapetheuniverse.Ateamofastronomersusedthreespacetelescopestomaketheseobservations,includingNASA’sChandraX-rayObservatory,withfindingspublishedinTheAstrophysicalJournalLettersonWednesday.Thesubjectofthisstudywasasupermassiveblackholelocatedatthecentreofagalaxy(星系)about860millionlight-yearsfromEarth.Withamassofabout50milliontimesthatoftheSun,thisblackholewasobservedengaginginaninteractionwithastartooclosetoitsimmensegravitationalpull.Astronomersfirstnoticedtheblackhole’sactivitywhenthegalaxyitresidesinexperiencedasignificantincreaseinbrightnessin2018.Theyidentifiedthisasatidaldisruption(中断)event,whichoccurswhenastaristornapartbytheintensegravitationalforcesofablackhole.Asthestarwaspulledapart,itsmaterialheatedup,producingX-rayandultraviolet(紫外线的)lightthatwasobservedbythetelescopes.Thiseventuallyfaded,suggestingthattheblackholehadconsumedthematter.However,astronomersweresurprisedwhen,abouttwoyearslater,theX-rayandUVlightfromthegalaxyflashedagain.Thisunexpectedphenomenonsuggestedthatthestarhadbeenonlypartiallyconsumedduringitsfirstencounter,withmorematerialbeingtakenawayasitnearedtheblackholeagain.“Initially,wethoughtthiswasagarden-varietycaseofablackholetotallypullingastarapart,”saidThomasWeversfromtheSpaceTelescopeScienceInstituteinBaltimore.“Butinstead,thestarappearstobelivingtodieanotherday.”12.What’sthesignificanceofthediscoveryofthefeedingscheduleofablackhole?A.Itledtoscientists’discoveryofasupermassiveblackhole.B.Itmadetheformationoftheblackholeknowntoscientists.C.Itchangedscientists’viewsabouttheinfluenceofblackholes.D.Itbroadenedscientists’knowledgeofthepoweroftheuniverse.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“immense”inparagraph3mean?A.Huge. B.Unsteady. C.Occasional. D.Unclear.14.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph4?A.Theblackholeshadfitfulforces. B.Thestarhadtheabilityofrebirth.C.Thestarpartlysurvivedblackholes. D.Thestarshonebeforebeingpulledapart.15.WhatdoThomasWevers’wordsinthelastparagraphindicate?A.Scientistsgainednewinsightsintotheblackholesandstars.B.Thenewdiscoveryconfirmedscientists’previoustheory.C.Allthediscoveryneededfurtherresearchtobeproven.D.Allstarsintheuniversewouldbeconsumedbytheblackholes.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。天文学家发现一个超大质量黑洞约每三年半吞噬一次物质，这一发现加深了科学家对宇宙力量的认识。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisdiscoveryprovidescriticalinsightsintothebehavioroftheseuniversalforces,deepeningscientists’understandingofthepowerfulformationsthatshapetheuniverse.(这一发现为这些宇宙力量的行为提供了重要的见解，加深了科学家对塑造宇宙的强大构造的理解)”可知，这一发现加深了科学家对宇宙力量的认识。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Withamassofabout50milliontimesthatoftheSun,thisblackholewasobservedengaginginaninteractionwithastartooclosetoits(这个黑洞的质量大约是太阳的5000万倍，它被观测到与一颗离它……引力太近的恒星发生相互作用)”可知，这个黑洞的质量很大，即引力很大，所以指它被观测到与一颗离它巨大引力很近的恒星发生相互作用。划线词immense意为“巨大的”，与huge的意思相近。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thisunexpectedphenomenonsuggestedthatthestarhadbeenonlypartiallyconsumedduringitsfirstencounter,withmorematerialbeingtakenawayasitnearedtheblackholeagain.(这一意想不到的现象表明，这颗恒星在第一次相遇时只被部分吞噬，当它再次接近黑洞时，更多的物质被带走)”可推知，作者暗示部分恒星在黑洞中幸存了下来。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Initially,wethoughtthiswasagarden-varietycaseofablackholetotallypullingastarapart,”saidThomasWeversfromtheSpaceTelescopeScienceInstituteinBaltimore.“Butinstead,thestarappearstobelivingtodieanotherday.”(巴尔的摩太空望远镜科学研究所的托马斯·韦弗斯说：“最初，我们认为这是一个普通的黑洞将一颗恒星完全拉开的例子。但相反，这颗恒星似乎是在等待另一天的死亡。”)”可推知，科学家对黑洞和恒星有了新的认识。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Throughoutourlives,thefearofbeingjudgedhascastalongandheavyshadow.Thisfear,oftenuniversal,isasignificantfactorinthedevelopmentofoursocialanxiety.____16____.Onlywhenweunderstandthiscanwetrulyovercomeit.Aself-imposed(自己强加的)restrictionAnxietyisamainsourceofunnecessarysuffering.Themomentaryfeelingsmerelyreflectthefleeting(短暂的)thoughtswehaveinaninstant.Itcanonlyexistwhenweidentifywithournegativethoughts.____17____.Thatistosay,anxietyisamentalconstructcreatedbyourselves,notanunavoidableemotion.Thegatewaytoself-healing____18____.Theresearchkeepsgrowing—healthybodybenefitsthemind.Experiencinganxietyisverycommon.Ifourbodiesareunhealthy,however,anytensionthatwefeelthroughfearfulthoughtscanbeamplified(放大)evenmore.Therefore,eatingwell,sleepingwell,andkeepingourphysicalbodiesingoodorderareessential.____19____Weoftenfallintothetrapofbelievingothers’negativejudgementorevencriticism,whichdirectlyruinsourconfidence.Whenotherssaysomethingunpleasanttous,wecanloseourselves.Actually,otherpeoplecan’tdirectlyaffectwhoweare.Weshouldlearntofreeourselvesfromthefalseviewpointthatothershaveanypoweroverhowwefeel.Understandingthesecanbeliberatingformostpeoplewhotakeotherjudgementveryseriously.Wecertainlycannotbelimitedbywhatotherssayorjudge.____20____.A.AcognitionofsocialanxietyB.MaintainingphysicalhealthiskeyC.There-comprehensionofthejudgementD.Onlywecantakeinnerfreedomawayfromourselves;nobodyelsecanE.Inthisway,anxietyisn’tevena“thing”,unlessweturnitintoa“thing”F.Whenwelistentoourinnerthought,itwillguideustowhatourbodyneedsG.However,itisnotthejudgementitself,butourmentalperceptionthatleadstotheanxiety【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了焦虑的根源，介绍了如何通过转变思维方式找到内心的平和。【16题详解】上文“Throughoutourlives,thefearofbeingjudgedhascastalongandheavyshadow.Thisfear,oftenuniversal,isasignificantfactorinthedevelopmentofoursocialanxiety.(在我们的一生中，被评价的恐惧投下了一道漫长而沉重的阴影。这种恐惧，通常具有普遍性，是我们社交发展的一个重要因素。)”指出被评价的恐惧很普遍，影响我们的社交发展，根据下文“Onlywhenweunderstandthiscanwetrulyovercomeit.(只有当我们理解这一点时，我们才能真正克服它。)”可知，空处应指出“这一点”的具体内容，即懂得什么才能使我们真正克服被批评的恐惧，G项“但是，不是评价本身，而是我们的心理看法导致焦虑”，符合，故选G。【17题详解】由下文“Thatistosay,anxietyisamentalconstructcreatedbyourselves,notanunavoidableemotion.(也就是说，焦虑是我们自己创造的一种心理结构，而不是一种不可避免的情绪)”可知，空处应和下文表达意思一样，指出焦虑是可以避免的，E项“这样的话，除非我们把焦虑变成“事”，否则它根本算不上个“事””符合，故选E。【18题详解】下文“Theresearchkeepsgrowing—healthybodybenefitsthemind.(不断有研究表明——健康的身体对心灵有益。)”指出健康的身体是很重要的，B项“保持身体健康是关键。”符合，引起下文，故选B。【19题详解】此处是本段小标题，由下文“Weoftenfallintothetrapofbelievingothers’negativejudgementorevencriticism,whichdirectlyruinsourconfidence.Whenotherssaysomethingunpleasanttous,wecanloseourselves.Actually,otherpeoplecan’tdirectlyaffectwhoweare.Weshouldlearntofreeourselvesfromthefalseviewpointthatothershaveanypoweroverhowwefeel.(我们常常陷入相信他人负面评价甚至批评的陷阱，这直接摧毁了我们的自信。当别人对我们说一些不愉快的话时，迷失自己。事实上，其他人不能直接影响我们是谁。我们应该学会摆脱他人对我们感受有任何影响的错误观点。)”可知，本段主要介绍了我们不要在乎他人的评价，C项“重新理解评价”符合，故选C。【20题详解】上文“Wecertainlycannotbelimitedbywhatotherssayorjudge.(我们当然不能被他人所说的话或评价所限制。)”指出我们不能被他人所说的话或评价所限制，这是因为只有我们自己能控制自己，D项“只有我们自己能夺走我们的内心自由；别人不能。”符合，进一步重申了我们不能被他人的评价所限制，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasachild,Imetmycousin,Bruce,whowasfiveyearsolderthanme.Thoughourfamilieshad____21____backgrounds,wequicklybecamefriends.Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled,andit____22____hislifeinmanyways.Bruceandhismomfaced____23____fromthecommunity,buthealways____24____itwithstrength.Oneevening,afterabirthdayparty,BruceandIwereplayingagametoseewhocouldkeepabookontheirheadthelongest.Iwasdoingwell,butthenBrucelightly____25____mywrist.Ilost____26____andthebookfell.Iaccusedhimofcheating.Bruce____27____explained,“Ididn’tcheat.Ionlytappedyourwrist.Youletit____28____yourselfandlostthegame.”Hiswordsmademethinkcarefully.Brucetoldmehow____29____itwaswhenpeoplecalledhimnamesbecauseofhisdad’sdisability.Hesaid,“Iwantto_____30_____,butIknowitwouldonlymakethingsworse.Ihavetostay·_____31_____andfocusedandmoveforward.”Inodded,thoughIcouldn’tfully_____32_____hisfeelings.Overtime,wegrewapart,butIneverforgotthat_____33_____.Eventhoughwedon’tkeepintouchnow,Istillrememberthebook,balancingonmyhead,a_____34_____ofthestrengthheshowedinthefaceofdifficulty.IhopeheknowshowmuchIappreciatehim.Hisquiet_____35_____taughtmemorethananytextbook.21.A.familiar B.successful C.reliable D.different22.A.examined B.affected C.assessed D.improved23.A.challenges B.honors C.requirements D.promotions24.A.remembered B.believed C.handled D.judged25.A.touched B.compared C.matched D.watched26.A.excuse B.courage C.focus D.talent27.A.madly B.proudly C.shyly D.calmly28.A.copy B.surprise C.change D.cure29.A.hurtful B.careful C.confusing D.simple30.A.goaway B.benddown C.setout D.fightback31.A.regretful B.strong C.grateful D.nervous32.A.grasp B.replace C.predict D.record33.A.lecture B.request C.gift D.lesson34.A.principle B.secret C.reminder D.platform35.A.duty B.promise C.wisdom D.threat【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者儿时与表哥布鲁斯相处的经历，以及布鲁斯在面对困难时所展现出的坚强和智慧对作者产生的深远影响。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们的家庭背景不同，但我们很快就成了朋友。A.familiar熟悉的；B.successful成功的；C.reliable可靠的；D.different不同的。根据下文“Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled”以及“whenpeoplecalledhimnamesbecauseofhisdad’sdisability”可知，作者和布鲁斯的家庭背景是不同的。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯的父亲有严重的残疾，这在很多方面影响了他的生活。A.examined检查；B.affected影响；C.assessed评估；D.improved改进。根据上文“Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled”可知，布鲁斯的父亲重度残疾，这自然会在很多方面影响他的生活。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯和他的妈妈面临着来自社区的挑战，但他总是用自己的力量来应对。A.challenges挑战；B.honors荣誉；C.requirements要求；D.promotions升职。根据上文“Bruce’sdadwasseverelydisabled”可知，Bruce的父亲是残疾人，因此Bruce和妈妈会因照顾残疾的父亲而面临很多挑战。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯和他的妈妈面临着来自社区的挑战，但他总是用自己的力量来应对。A.remembered记得；B.believed信心；C.handled处理，应对；D.judged评判。根据下文“withstrength”可知，此处Bruce需要用自己的力量还因对这些挑战。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做得很好，但布鲁斯轻轻地碰了一下我的手腕。A.touched碰触；B.compared对比；C.matched匹配；D.watched观看。根据下文“Ididn’tcheat.Ionlytappedyourwrist.”可知，此处Bruce反驳说只是拍了一下，因此作者认为Bruce碰到了自己，导致书的掉落。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我失去了专注，书掉了下来。A.excuse借口；B.courage勇气；C.focus专注；D.talent天赋。根据后文“andthebookfell”可知，因为失去了专注，所以书掉了下来。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯平静地解释说：“我没有作弊。我只是轻拍了一下你的手腕。是你自己让它掉下来，输了比赛。”A.madly疯狂地；B.proudly自豪地；C.shyly害羞地；D.calmly冷静地。根据下文“Ididn’tcheat.Ionlytappedyourwrist.”以及下文“Hisquiet___15__taughtmemorethananytextbook.”可知，Bruce在给作者解释原因，quiet一词暗示了Bruce此处在冷静的解释。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布鲁斯平静地解释说：“我没有作弊。我只是轻拍了一下你的手腕。是你自己让它掉下来，输了比赛。”A.copy复制；B.surprise使……惊讶，使……意外；C.change改变；D.cure治愈。根据下文“yourselfandlostthegame”可知，布鲁斯说作者自己让书掉下来，输了比赛，即作者自己让这意外发生了。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：布鲁斯告诉我，当人们因为他爸爸的残疾而骂他时，他有多难过。A.hurtful伤害的；B.careful仔细的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.simple简单的。根据后文“whenpeoplecalledhimnamesbecauseofhisdad’sdisability”可知，因为父亲残疾而被人辱骂，这对布鲁斯来说是受到伤害的。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我想反击，但我知道那只会让事情变得更糟。A.goaway走开；B.benddown弯腰；C.setout出发；D.fightback反击。根据下文“butIknowitwouldonlymakethingsworse”可知，布鲁斯想反击，但知道那只会让事情变得更糟。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我必须保持坚强和专注，继续前进。A.regretful后悔的；B.strong坚强的；C.grateful感激的；D.nervous紧张的。根据上文“buthealways___4__itwithstrength”可知，布鲁斯总是保持坚强。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点了点头，尽管我不能完全理解他的感受。A.grasp抓住，理解；B.replace替换；C.predict预测；D.record记录。根据上文“Inodded,though”可知，作者认可Bruce对待挑战的做法，though一词暗示，虽然认可他的做法，但是不完全理解他的感受。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们渐渐疏远了，但我从未忘记那个教训。A.lecture演讲；B.request请求；C.gift礼物；D.lesson教训。根据下文“Eventhoughwedon’tkeepintouchnow,Istillrememberthebook,balancingonmyhead”可知，作者仍然记得当初头顶顶书这个游戏以及游戏给自己带来的经验教训。故选D。【