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最新完形填空和阅读理解知识点总结经典一、完形填空1.阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。DearJenny,
How'sitgoing?Areyoubusywithyourstudythesedays?
I'vebeenbacktoschool1nearlyfourweeks.I'mverygladtotellyouthatgreat2havetakenplaceinourschoolthisterm.Firstofall,we'reaskedto"clearourplates"whenhavingourmealsandsay3towasting.Someofususedtoordermorethanwhatwecouldeat.Thatwasabigwasteoffood.Nowweneedto4thefoodweorder.Weshouldalsostopwastinginsomeotherways.Forexample,weshouldturnoffthelightswhenwe5theclassroom.Andourschoolhasopenedupsomefieldsforustolearnhowtogrowvegetables.Eachclassisgivenasmallgardenandourclasshasdecidedtogrowsometomatoesandbeans(豆类)inour6time.Ithinkitisveryinteresting.MaybeI'llbeableto7yousomebeanswe'vegrownbyourselvesnexttime!What'smore,wehaveonlytwoclassesintheafternoon8wehavemoretimeforafter-schoolactivities.I'moneofthetrafficsafetyvolunteersinourschool.Afterschool,wetaketurnstogotothestreetsnearourschoolandaskpeopleto9thetrafficrules.
Ithinkwearehavingadifferentschoollifenow!Pleasewritebacksoonandtell10moreaboutyourschool.Yours,WangWei1.A.inB.forC.on2.A.changesB.thingsC.interests3.A.yesB.helloC.no4.A.cleanB.payC.finish5.A.leaveB.reachC.open6.A.busyB.freeC.Happy7.A.plantB.buyC.post8.A.becauseB.whenC.so9.A.followB.makeC.break10.A.himB.herC.me【答案】(1)B;(2)A;(3)C;(4)C;(5)A;(6)B;(7)C;(8)C;(9)A;(10)C;【解析】【分析】文章大意:这是王伟写给詹妮的一封信,介绍了这学期他们学校的一些变化,比如实行“光盘行动”、不浪费食物、随时关灯、学习种植蔬菜、做志愿者服务社会等。(1)句意:我回到学校已经接近四周的时间了。根据空格后面的nearlyfourweeks可知,要用介词for,表示快到4个星期了。
故选B。(2)句意:我很高兴告诉你这个学期我们学校发生了很大的变化。A.changes变化,B.things事情,C.interests兴趣,根据下文举出的例子可知,学校发生了很大的变化,故选A。(3)句意:首先我们被要求吃饭时要“光盘行动”,并且对浪费说“不”。A.yes是的,B.hello你好,C.no不,根据句意,其他几项都不合适,故选C。(4)句意:现在我们需要吃完我们点的食物。A.clean打扫,B.pay付款,C.
finish结束,引申为吃光,吃完,根据文中要实行光盘行动,所以要吃完自己点的食物,故选C。(5)句意:例如,当我们离开教室时应该关上灯。A.leave离开,B.reach到达,C.open打开,结合句意及选项的词义,故选A。(6)句意:每个班给一个小花园,我们班决定在空闲时间种一些西红柿和豆类。A.busy忙的,B.free空闲的,C.happy愉快的,只有在空闲时间才能去种一些东西,故选B。(7)句意:
或许下次我可以寄给你一些我们自己种的豆类。A.plant种植,B.buy买,C.post邮寄,因为作者是在写信,所以下次应该是寄给朋友东西。故选C。(8)句意:还有,我们下午只有两节课,所以我们有更多的时间进行课外活动。A.because因为
,B.when当……时,C.so所以,这两句之间是因果关系,故选C。(9)句意:放学后我们轮流到我们去学校附近的街上让人们遵守交通规则。A.follow遵守,B.make做,C.break打破,当然是要求人们遵守交通规则,其他选项情理不通,故选A。(10)句意:请尽快回信告诉我更多你们学校的事情。A.him他,B.her她,C.me我,根据上下文及逻辑关系,应该是给我回信,故选C。【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。2.完形填空
Therewasonceaboywhowouldnevergetdressedwhenhisparentstoldhimto.He1
todressinamuchstrangermanner,butaboveall,helikedtotakehistime.Hisparentswere2
inahurry,andwantedhimtobealotquicker,3theboydidn'tlikethis,andhewouldslowdownevenmore.
Oneday,hisparentswereintheirusualhurry,andtheygotso4whenherefusedtodress,thattheytoldhimthathewouldhavetogooutnaked(赤裸的).The5didn'tmind(介意)thisatall.Sotheywentout.
Whiletheboywasstandingnakedoutsidehishouse,waitingforhisparentsto6thecar,thelocalpigfarmercamealong.Thepigfarmerwashardofhearingandhadpooreyesight.Notonlythat,buthe'dalsoforgottentoputhis7onthatday.Whenhesawthelittleboy'spinkskin,hethoughtitwasoneofhispigs.Withabitofshoutingandpushing,thefarmer8togettheboysafelybacktoapigsty.Hewasthereforthewholeday,living9thepigsandsharingtheirfoodandhome.
Finally,though,hisparentsfoundhim.Theboyhadhadsucha10daythatneveragaindidhewanttobemistakenforanythingexceptahumanbeing.Nowadayshe'sthefirsttogetdressed,andlookperfectlyneatandtidy.1.A.stoppedB.rememberedC.agreedD.preferred2.A.alwaysB.hardlyC.nearlyD.still3.A.soB.butC.becauseD.or4.A.angryB.surprisedC.sadD.excited5.A.motherB.boyC.fatherD.parents6.A.findB.sellC.driveD.bring7.A.clothesB.hatC.glassesD.shoes8.A.triedB.decidedC.helpedD.managed9.A.exceptB.withoutC.amongD.beside10.A.terribleB.relaxingC.amazingD.tiring【答案】(1)D;(2)A;(3)B;(4)A;(5)B;(6)C;(7)C;(8)D;(9)C;(10)A;【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个小男孩不喜欢按照父母说的打扮自己,而且速度慢,一天他裸身和父母出去,结果被一个视力不好,没带眼镜的养猪的农民当成猪圈在猪圈里,最后小男孩决定穿衣服并且把自己打扮地干净整洁。(1)句意:他更喜欢用一种更奇怪的方式打扮,A.停止;B.记住;C.同意;D.更喜欢。根据句意可知男孩不喜欢按照父母要求打扮自己,反而更喜欢用奇怪的方式打扮,故选D。(2)句意:他的父母总是匆匆忙忙。A.总是;B.几乎不;C.几乎;D.仍然。根据后文hisparentswereintheirusualhurry可知父母总是匆匆忙忙,故选A。(3)句意:但是男孩不喜欢这样。根据句意可知前后句表示转折,所以用but,故选B。(4)句意:当他拒绝打扮时他们变得如此生气以至于他们告诉他裸身出去。A.生气的;B.惊讶的;C.难过的;D.兴奋的。根据句意可知男孩不喜欢按照父母的要求做,所以父母是生气的,故选A。(5)句意:这个男孩一点也不介意这个。A.妈妈;B.男孩;C.爸爸;D.父母。根据句意可知男孩不介意裸身出去,故选B。(6)句意:等待他的父母开车。A.发现;B.卖;C.驾驶;D.带来。根据句意可知是开车,drivethecar开车,故选C。(7)句意:但是那天他忘记戴眼镜了。A.衣服;B.帽子;C.眼镜;D.鞋子。根据hadpooreyesight可知养猪的农民视力不好,也没有戴眼镜,故选C。(8)句意:农民成功地把男孩赶到猪圈里。A.努力;B.决定;C.帮助;D.成功。managetodo成功做某事,根据句意可知是农民把男孩赶进了猪圈,故选D。(9)句意:在猪中生活,并且和猪分享食物和家。A.除去;B.没有;C.在......其中;D.在......附近。根据句意可知是在猪中生活,故选C。(10)句意:男孩有了一个如此糟糕的一天。A.糟糕的;B.放松的;C.惊讶的;D.疲劳的。根据句意可知和被赶进猪圈,所以是糟糕的一天,故选A。【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。3.完形填空
Mr.Brownlivesinavillage.Hehasgotabigfamilyandastrong1.Hisfarmissmallandheisoften2
inwinter.Sohegoestothecityandfindsworkthere.
Oncehestayedthereforabouttwomonths.WhenNewYearwascoming,he3
hometoseehiswifeandchildren.Onhiswayhome,somethingwaswrongwithhiseyes.Whenhewasknockingatthedoor,hisdogcameoutandbithim.Hiswifehurriedtodrive4
away.Thenextmorninghewenttosee5.Thedoctorlookedoverhiseyescarefullyandgavehimsomemedicine.Beforehe6,hetoldthedoctorabouthisdog.Whenthedoctorheardthis,hebeganto7
andsaid,“Maybesomethingiswrongwith8
eyes,too,Ithink.”
Whenhegothome,hetoldhiswifeaboutit.Thewomansaid,“I9
it'strue.Ifathiefcomesintoourhouse,itwon'tseehimandhe'llstealsomethinghere.”
Mr.Brownthoughthiswifewas10.Hehadtomakehisdogtakehismedicineinstead.1.A.childB.dogC.wifeD.son2.A.freeB.busyC.safeD.worried3.A.reachedB.comesC.goesD.returned4.A.herhusbandB.thedogC.thethiefD.theirchildren5.A.hisdogB.hiswifeC.adoctorD.hisfriend6.A.gothomeB.leftC.wentD.came7.A.cryB.writeC.laughD.work8.A.yourdog'sB.yourC.yourwife'sD.yourchildren's9.A.amafraidB.amsorryC.don'tthinkD.agree10.A.illB.wrongC.unhappyD.right【答案】(1)B;(2)A;(3)D;(4)B;(5)C;(6)B;(7)C;(8)A;(9)A;(10)D;【解析】【分析】大意:布朗先生因为农场比较小,冬天比较悠闲所以到城里务工。在回家过年的时候,他发现自己的眼睛不是很舒服。回到家敲门的时候,他家的狗咬了他,跟医生提起的时候,医生说可能够的眼睛也出了问题,所以布朗先生决定将自己的药给狗吃。(1)句意:他有一个大家庭,还有一只强壮的狗。根据第二段hisdogcameout他的狗出来,可知布朗先生家有一只强壮的狗。故选B。(2)句意:他的农场很小,所以冬天的时候他很悠闲。A有空,B忙,C安全,D担心。根据Hisfarmissmall,可知农场小所以冬天他经常有空闲时间。故选A。(3)句意:当新年快来时,他回家去看他的妻子和孩子。A到达,B来,C去,D返回。根据第一段Sohegoestothecityandfindsworkthere.所以他去城里找到了工作可知,此处是返回。故选D。(4)句意:Mr.Brown的妻子赶紧把狗赶走了。根据hisdogcameoutandbithim.他的狗出来然后咬了他,可知妻子赶紧把狗赶走。故选B。(5)句意:第二天早上,他去看了医生。联系上文可知布朗先生被狗咬了,所以要去看医生。故选C。(6)句意:Mr.Brown离开医生之前,告诉医生关于狗的事。根据上文Thedoctorlookedoverhiseyescarefullyandgavehimsomemedicine.医生检查了他的眼睛,还给他一些药,可知此时布朗先生已经要离开。故选B。(7)句意:当医生听到这件事,他开始笑。A哭,B写,C笑,D工作。根据Maybesomethingiswrongwith
eyes,too,Ithink.我认为可能你的狗狗的眼睛也有问题,可知医生在开玩笑。故选C。(8)句意:我认为可能狗狗的眼睛也有问题。联系上文可知,布朗先生告知医生关于狗的事,此处应是说狗的眼睛。故选A.(9)句意:我恐怕它是对的。A恐怕,B抱歉,C不认为,D同意。根据Ifathiefcomesintoourhouse,itwon'tseehimandhe'llstealsomethinghere.如果一个小偷进入我们的房子,他就可以偷走一些东西了,可知妻子觉得狗的眼睛有问题,而且很担忧。故选A。(10)句意:布朗先生觉得他的妻子是对的。根据Hehadtomakehisdogtakehismedicineinstead.“他不得不让他的狗吃了他的药”可知Mr.Brown认为他妻子说的话是对的。故选D。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。4.完形填空
Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,
Today,Iamveryhappytohaveameetingwithyou.Atthemeetingwewilltalkaboutthe1wehavethesedays.Weallknowtheproblemsof2andtheobjectsfallingfromwindowsaregettingworse.Wehave3lotsoflettersaboutsuchproblems.So4istimeforpossiblewaystoworkouttheseproblems.Somedog-ownersdon't5theirdogswellenough,andtheylettheirdogsmakemessontheroadsandingardens.Thismakestheenvironment6.Iwouldliketotellthedog-owners7theirbehavioristoobad,andatthesametimethey8peoplefeelunhappy.Weshouldkeeptheenvironment9.Itisreportedthatsomepeople10rubbishoutofthewindows.Itisdangerousbecausefallingobjects11hurtothers.Itisagainstthelaw.Weshouldputupanoticetoteachpeoplenottodoso.Ifitisfound,wewillrecordthe12andaddressofthosepeoplewhothrowobjects.Then,awarningwillbegivenand13willbepunishedbylaw.
Asafeandcomfortablelivingenvironmentisimportanttous.14wetryourbesttocareforourcommunity,itwillbeagoodplaceto15in.Thankyouforyourcoming.1.A.lessonsB.problemsC.classesD.films2.A.dogsB.birdsC.catsD.snakes3.A.madeB.openedC.receivedD.invented4.A.thatB.itC.thisD.here5.A.takecareofB.takeawayC.takeoutD.takeoff6.A.noisyB.quietC.tidyD.dirty7.A.whatB.thatC.whereD.when8.A.stopB.helpC.tellD.make9.A.pleasantB.importantC.usefulD.Famous10.A.pullB.putC.throwD.take11.A.mayB.needC.havetoD.should12.A.jobsB.agesC.hobbiesD.names13.A.weB.youC.theyD.he14.A.IfB.BecauseC.BeforeD.Unless15.A.studyB.liveC.workD.teach【答案】(1)B;(2)A;(3)C;(4)B;(5)A;(6)D;(7)B;(8)D;(9)A;(10)C;(11)A;(12)D;(13)C;(14)A;(15)B;【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章主要讲述小区里存在的两个问题一个是狗到处跑,另一个就是随便从窗户里往外扔垃圾,并讲明了如果被发现应如何处置。(1)句意:在会上我们将讨论这些天我们拥有的问题。A.功课;B.问题;C.课;D.电影。根据后面的句子Weallknowtheproblems可知,在会上我们将谈论问题,故答案是B。(2)句意:我们都知道狗的问题还有从窗户扔东西的问题变得更加糟糕。A.狗;B.鸟;C.猫;D.蛇,根据后面的somedog-owners,可知,这里说的是狗的问题。故答案是A。(3)句意:我们收到了很多关于这些问题的来信。A.制作;B.打开;C.收到;D.发明。根据宾语lotsofletters可知谓语动词应该是“收到”receive,故答案是C。(4)句意:因此,到了制定可行的办法来解决这些问题的时候了。It'stimefor……该做什么了,固定搭配,故答案是B。(5)句意:一些狗的主人没有够好地照看他们的狗。A.照看,照管;B.拿走;C.拿出来;D.脱掉。句子的主语是“狗的主人”,句子的宾语是“狗”,他们之间是照看的关系,应使用takecareof,故答案是A。(6)句意:这就把环境弄得很脏。A吵闹;B.安静;C.整齐;D.脏。根据theylettheirdogsmakemessontheroadsandingardens.
可知狗的主人让狗到处爬,这样就会把环境弄脏,故答案是D。(7)句意:我想告诉狗的主人,他们的行为太坏了。这是一个宾语从句,从句是陈述句,应使用从属连词that连接或者不用连接词。故答案是B。(8)句意:与此同时,他们使人感到不高兴。A.停止;B.帮助;C.告诉;D.制作,使。这是动词不定式所宾补省去to的情况,选项中只用make可以构成该结构makesb.dosth迫使某人做某事,故答案是D。(9)句意:我们应该保持环境舒适宜人。A.舒适的,宜人的;B.重要的;C.有用的;D.著名的,能够对环境进行修饰的是pleasant,别的选项都不合适,故答案是A。(10)句意:据报告有人从窗户向外扔垃圾。A.拉;B.放置;C.扔;D.拿走,根据rubbishoutofthewindows.
可知动词应该是扔thew,故答案是C。(11)句意:这很危险,因为落下的物体可能会伤到别人。A.可能;B.需要;C.不得不;D.应该,如果有人从下面经过落下的物体可能会伤到人,如果没有人经过就不能伤到人,伤到人是一种可能,而不是应该的,更不是必然的。故答案是A。(12)句意:如果被发现,我们将记下这些扔东西的人的名字和地址。A.工作;B.年龄;C.爱好;D.姓名,记录东西是为了加强管理的,是为了知道谁那么不守公德,因此记下来的是名字。故答案是D。(13)句意:那么他们就会受到警告,并且受到法律的惩罚。A.我们;B.你们;C.他们;D.他。后半句是一个被动语态,主语是扔东西的人,应使用主歌人称代词they,故答案是C。(14)句意:如果我们尽我们最大的努力去关心我们的社区,。A.如果;B.因为;C.在……之前;D.除非,这是一个条件句,条件与结论成正比例关系应使用if,故答案是A。(15)句意:这里将会成为一个居住的好地方。A.学习;B.居住;C.工作;D.教学。文章主要讨论解决小区里存在的问题,因此是居住live。故答案是B。【点评】考查完形填空,想跳过空格通读全文,掌握文章大意,然后根据语境,语法,固定搭配或者固定句式做出选择,确定答案,再读全文核实订正答案。5.完形填空
Itwasthegoldenseason.Icouldseethe1leavesfallingwiththecoolwind.Forothersit'stheharvestseason,butforme,itisa(n)2season.Iwas3
forthePostgraduateEntranceExamination(研究生入学考试).Butsomanyunhappythingsmademesotired,soIdecidedtohaveawalkinmyuniversity.
"Autumnisalonelyseasonandlifeisuninteresting.Thedaysinthisseasonalwaysgetme4,"Ithoughtwhenthebeautifulsoundofaguitarflowedintomyears.Ayounggirl,sittingonthestone,waslostinherguitarplaying.Shewasabeautifulgirl,5whenthewindblewherlonghair.
Lostinthemusic,Ididn't6thatIhadbeenstandingforsolong.EverydayIwouldseeherplayingherguitar.Shewastheonly7andIwastheonlyaudience.Onthefollowingdays,lifebecame8andIcouldreviewthecoursescarefully.
Autumnwas9over.WhenIwaslisteningheartily(尽情地)oneday,thesoundsuddenlystopped.Tomysurprise,thegirlcameovertome."You10likemusic,"shesaid.
"Yes,youplayverywell.Whydidyoustop?"Iasked.
Suddenly,herfacelooked11."IcameherejusttohavearestbecauseI12intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Ifeltverydisappointed.Anditwasyourlisteningeverydaythat13me,"shesaid,"andIhavetogotomorrow."
"Infact,itwasyourplayingthatgavemea14autumnandhelpedmebelievethatIcanpasstheexam,"Ianswered."IthinkitwasGodwhogaveusthe15toknoweachotherandweshouldbegoodfriends."ShesmiledandIsmiledtoo,inthatbeautifulautumn.1.A.yellowB.greenC.newD.empty2.A.annoyedB.annoyingC.boredD.boring3.A.goingB.waitingC.preparingD.caring4.A.acrossB.downC.awayD.out5.A.mainlyB.speciallyC.mostlyD.especially6.A.understandB.realizeC.rememberD.consider7.A.performerB.artistC.reporterD.volunteer8.A.boringB.interestingC.sadD.dull9.A.nearlyB.hardlyC.alreadyD.just10.A.mayB.wouldC.canD.must11.A.excitedB.angryC.sadD.worried12.A.failedB.sentC.brokeD.took13.A.movedB.encouragedC.wonderedD.saved14.A.shortB.meaningfulC.relaxingD.successful15.A.spaceB.giftC.chanceD.luck【答案】(1)A;(2)B;(3)C;(4)B;(5)D;(6)B;(7)A;(8)B;(9)A;(10)D;(11)C;(12)A;(13)B;(14)B;(15)C;【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章讲述了一个烂漫的故事,两个很消沉的人因吉他而结识,而且相互得到了鼓励。(1)句意:我可以看到黄色的树叶随着冷风落下。根据第一句Itwasthegoldenseason.可知已经到了秋天,秋天树叶会变黄。A.黄色的;B.绿色的;C.新的;D.空的,故答案是A。(2)句意:对于别人而言这是个收货的季节,但是对于我来说,这是个令人讨厌的季节。A恼怒的;B.讨厌的;C.感到无聊的;D.令人无聊的,故答案是B。(3)句意:我正在准备研究生入学考试。固定搭配preparefor为……做准备,故答案是C。(4)句意:这个季节的日子总是让我沮丧。固定搭配getsb.down让人沮丧,故答案是B。(5)句意:他是个漂亮的女孩,尤其是当风吹起的长发时。A.主要的;B.特殊地;C.大多数;D.尤其,结合语境especially最合适,故答案是D。(6)句意:迷失在了音乐中,我没有意识到我已经我已经站了那久。A.理解,明白;B.意识到;C.想起来;D.当做。根据EverydayIwouldseeherplayingherguitar.
可知,作者每天都在听这个女孩弹吉他,但他并没有意识到因为听吉他站立的时间就,故答案是B。(7)句意:她是唯一的便表演者,我是唯一的听众。A.表演者;B.艺术家;C.记者;D.志愿者。根据后半句我是唯一的听众,可知她是唯一的表演者,故答案是A。(8)句意:接下来的几天生活变得有趣了,我能够认真的复习功课了。根据
Icouldreviewthecoursescarefully.可知作者不再沮丧,生活重新变得有趣。A.无聊的;B.有趣的;C.伤心的;D.呆滞的。故答案是B。(9)句意:秋天就要结束了。A.将近,几乎;B.几乎不;C.已经;D.刚刚。CD一般多用于完成时的句子中,B意思不符合句意,故答案是A。(10)句意:你一定喜欢音乐?A.可以;B.将要;C.能够;D.一定。这是一个表示推测的句子,女孩发现作者整天听她弹吉他,因此她推测作者一定喜欢音乐。故答案是D。(11)句意:突然,她的脸色看起来有点难过。A.激动的;B.生气的;C.伤心的;D担心的,根据后面的叙述可知她大学考试没有通过,因此她很难过,故答案是C。(12)句意:我来这儿就是休息一下,因为我大学考试失败了。A.失败;B.发送;C.破碎;D.拿走。根据故
Ifeltverydisappointed
她感到失望,可知大学大学入学考试没有通过,故答案是A。(13)句意:是你每天听我拉小提琴鼓励了我。A.打动,感动;B.鼓励,鼓舞;C.想知道;D.拯救。因为作者每天听她拉小提琴,她认为作者喜欢音乐,因此使她受到了鼓励,故答案是B。(14)句意:事实上你的演奏给了我一个有意义的秋天,帮助我相信我能够通过考试。A.短的;B.有意义的;C.令人放松的;D.成功的。根据前面的描述,作者从沮丧到感觉到生活有趣,是因为听了这个女孩弹的吉他,所以说这个秋天是有意义的,故答案是B。(15)句意:我认为是上帝给了我们相互认识的机会。A.空间;B.礼物;C.机会;D.幸运。因为女孩他吉他,作者听吉他,使他们认识,在作者眼里这样的机会是上帝给的,故答案是C。【点评】考查完形填空,先跳过空格通读全文,了解文章大意,然后根据语法、句法、语境和固定搭配选择答案。再读文章,订正答案。二、阅读理解6.根据短文内容选择正确答案。AThe2014FIFAWorldCup,thetwentiethWorldCupfootballmatch,washeldinBrazilfromJune12th,2014toJuly13th,2014.Thirty-twoteamsfromdifferentcountriesbroughtussixty-fourwonderfulgamesduringtheWorldCup.ThisisthesecondtimetheWorldCupisheldinthiscountryandthefifthinSouthAmerica.Thousandsoffootballfanswatchedthegames.ABiteofChina(舌尖上的中国),amouth-wateringdocumentaryTVprogramfeaturingdeliciousChinesefood,hasinterestedalargenumberofpeople.TheprogramhasbecomeverypopularsinceitwasshownonTV.ThedocumentaryprovidesnotonlyChinesedeliciousfoodbutalsotherelationshipsbetweenpeopleandfood.“Wemadethisdocumentarywithourrespectandloveforfood.IhopeitwillhelppeoplelearnmoreaboutChinesefoodaswellasChineseculture.”saidthedirectorMr.Chen.LuJialei,aschoolgirlfromHangzhou,China,wonthechampionshipofthefirstChineseCharacterDictationContest,whichmadeherbecomefamousovernight.Luisahard-workinggirlandalwayscomestopatschool.“IlikereadingandI’mcrazyaboutlearningChinesecharacters.IenjoythecontestandhopemoreandmorepeoplebecomeinterestedinlearningChinesecharacters.”saidLuJialeiafterwinningthecontest.(1)Howlongdidthe2014FIFAWorldCuplast?A.
Aboutaweek.
B.
Abouttwoweeks
C.
Aboutamonth.
D.
Abouttwomonths.(2)WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothearticles?A.
LuJialeialwaysgetsgoodgradesatschool.B.
TheWorldCuphasbeenheldinSouthAmericatwice.C.
ManypeoplelikewatchingtheTVprogramABiteofChina.D.
LuJialeihopesmorepeoplecantakemuchinterestinChinesecharacters.(3)Wheremaythearticlesprobablycomefrom?A.
Astorybook.
B.
Asciencereport.
C.
Asportsmagazine.
D.
TheInternet.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)D【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。第一段是关于今年夏天将在巴西举行的足球世界杯;第二段是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个电视节目;第三段是关于第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。(1)细节理解题。根据短文的第一段中thetwentiethWorldCupfootballmatch,willbeheldinBrazilfromJune12th,2014toJuly13th,2014.可知,第20届世界杯足球赛将于2014年6月12号到7月13号在巴西举行,时间是持续一个月。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据Luisahard-workinggirlandalwayscomestopatschool.可知A的说法是对的;根据ABiteofChina(舌尖上的中国),amouth-wateringdocumentaryTVprogramfeaturingdeliciousChinesefood,hasinterestedalargenumberofpeople.可知C的说法也符合文意;根据enjoythecontestandhopemoreandmorepeoplebecomeinterestedinlearningChinesecharacters可知D也是符合文意的;根据ThisisthesecondtimetheWorldCupisheldinthiscountryandthefifthinSouthAmerica.可知,这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南美洲国家举行,故B不对。选B。(3)主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容,第一段是关于今年的世界杯足球比赛将在巴西举行;第二个是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个节目;第三个是关于汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。故选D。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词,在文章中寻找答案。7.阅读理解
GraceMurraywasbornonDecember9,1906inNewYorkCity.In1928shefinishedhereducationinVassarCollegeinMathsandPhysics.Since1931,shehadbeenteachingatVassarandcontinuedherstudyatYaleUniversity,wheresheachievedalotinMathsin1934.
In1930,GraceMurraymarriedVincentFosterHopper.Theywerehappytogetherfor15years.ShetaughtatVassarCollegeuntil1943,whenshejoinedtheUnitedStatesNavy(海军)tohelphercountryduringWorldWarⅡ.ThenshewasgivenajobattheBureauofShipsComputationProjectatHarvardUniversity,wheresheworkedontheMarkseriesofcomputers.
In1945,shebegantodoresearchinApplied(应用)PhysicsatHarvard'sComputationLaboratory.In1949shejoinedtheEckert-MauchlyComputerCorporationandworkedwithpeopleworkinginit.Yearslater,shereturnedtotheNavy.Sheretiredin1971butcontinuedteachingforthecomputerdevelopment.BrewsterAcademy,aschoolinWolfeboro,NewHampshire,theUnitedStates,gaveitscomputerlabtoherforfreein1985,callingittheGraceMurrayHopperCentreforComputerLearning.ShehadspentherchildhoodsummeratalocalfamilyinWolfeboro.Shepassedawayinhersleepin1992.Sinceherdeath,herworkmateElenorBriggshasbeengoingonwithherwork.
GraceMurraywasagreatwomanandaleaderinthecomputerdevelopment.Herworkhelpedimprovetheuseofcomputerlanguages.Shepractisedherwords"DareandDo"inherlifetime.(1)HowmanyyearsdidGraceMurrayteachatVassar?A.
About2years.
B.
About6years.
C.
About12years.
D.
About18years.(2)BeforeshejoinedtheUnitedStatesNavy,whatdidGraceMurraydoatYaleUniversity?A.
ShestudiedMaths.
B.
SheresearchedAppliedPhysics.C.
Shedevelopedcomputerlanguages.
D.
SheworkedontheMarkseriesofcomputers.(3)WhydidtheschoolinWolfeborogiveitscomputerlabtoGraceMurrayforfree?A.
Becausethelabwasbuiltwithherhelp.
B.
Becausesheoncespentsometimethere.C.
BecauseWolfeborowasherhometown.
D.
Becausesheoncetaughtthere.(4)Theunderlinedphrase"passedaway"inParagraph3means"
".A.
worked
B.
died
C.
waited
D.
dreamed【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了GraceMurray的一生。(1)细节题。根据Since1931,shehadbeenteachingatVassarandcontinuedherstudyatYaleUniversity从1931年起,她一直在瓦萨任教,ShetaughtatVassarCollegeuntil1943,直到1943年,可知格蕾丝·默里在瓦萨教了大概12年书,故选C。(2)推理题。根据
Since1931,shehadbeenteachingatVassarandcontinuedherstudyatYaleUniversity,wheresheachievedalotinMathsin1934.自1931年以来,她一直在vassar教书,并继续在耶鲁大学学习,1934年在那里她在数学方面取得了很大成绩,可知在加入美国海军之前,格雷斯·默里在耶鲁大学教数学,故选A。(3)推理题。根据ShehadspentherchildhoodsummeratalocalfamilyinWolfeboro她在沃尔夫博罗的一个当地家庭度过了童年的夏天可知沃尔夫博罗的学校免费把它的计算机实验室给格雷斯·默里因为她曾经在那里呆过一段时间,故选B。(4)词义猜测题。根据Sinceherdeath自从她死后,可知passedaway是去世的意思,故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题,词义猜测题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息,词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。8.阅读理解
ItseemsthatmoreandmoreAmericanswantschoolstoteachforeignlanguagestochildrenunderfiveyearsold.Themostpopularwaytoteachyoungchildrenanotherlanguageiscalledimmersion(沉浸式语言教学法).Childrenintheimmersionprogramhearonlythenewlanguageintheclassroom.Thechildrenplaygames,singsongsandtalktooneanotherinthenewlanguage.Someexperts(家)saytheimmersionprogramisthemosteffective(有效的)foryoungchildrentolearnalanguage.ButtherecanbeaproblemwhenchildrenintheUnitedStatesbegintolearnanotherlanguageatsuchanearlyage.Notmanyelementaryschoolscontinuetoteachaforeignlanguage.Onlysevenofthefiftystatesrequire(要求)schoolstoteachaforeignlanguagetostudentsbetweentheagesofsixandtwelve.Languageexpertssayitiseasierforyoungerchildrentolearnalanguage.Still,Americanschoolsgenerallydonotbegintoteachforeignlanguagesuntilsecondaryschool.Bythen,studentsareaboutthirteenyearsold.
Americanschoolsfacedifficultchoicesaboutthecostofeducationalprograms.ThegovernmenthasincreasedsupportforforeignlanguagestudyinitsEducationLawcalled"NoChildLeftBehind".
Atcollege,theModernLanguageAssociationsaysmorestudentsthaneverarestudyingforeignlanguagesandmorelanguagesarebeingstudiednow.SpanishisthemostwidelytaughtatAmericancollegesanduniversities.French,German,ChineseandItalianarealsopopular.(1)WhereisSpanishthemostwidelytaught?A.
AtAmericancollegesanduniversities.B.
AtAmericansecondaryschools.CAtAmericanhighschools.
D.AtAmericanelementaryschools.(2)StudentsintheimmersionprogramcandothefollowingthingsEXCEPT____.A.
hearingthenewlanguageB.
hearingtheirnativelanguageCplayinggamesinthenewlanguage
D.talkingtooneanotherinthenewlanguage?(3)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.
Thegovernmentdoesn'tsupportthisprogram.B.
Allschoolswilltakepartintheimmersionprogram.
C.
It'snotgoodforchildrentolearnaforeignlanguageatanearlyage.D.
Notmanyelementaryschoolscontinuetoteachaforeignlanguage.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.
ForeignlanguageteachinginAmericanfamilies.B.
AforeignlanguageteachingmethodinAmerica.C.
ForeignlanguageteachingatAmericanuniversities.D.
ForeignlanguageteachingatAmericanhighschools.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)B(4)B【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国最受欢迎的教孩子们外国语言的方法——沉浸式语言教学法。(1)细节题。根据SpanishisthemostwidelytaughtatAmericancollegesanduniversities.可知西班牙语是美国学院和大学最被广泛教的语言,故选A。(2)细节题。根据Childrenintheimmersionprogramhearonlythenewlanguageintheclassroom.Thechildrenplaygames,singsongsandtalktooneanotherinthenewlanguage.可知孩子们在沉浸式语言教学法中听见新语言、用新语言玩游戏、唱歌和相互谈论,故选B。(3)细节题。根据Notmanyelementaryschoolscontinuetoteachaforeignlanguage.没有多少小学继续教授外语。故选D。(4)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了美国最受欢迎的教孩子们外国语言的方法——沉浸式语言教学法。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。9.阅读理解
SchoolsintheUKarecuttingtimespentonPElessonsbecauseofexampressures.Secondaryschoolteacherssaidthatolderteenagerswereespeciallylikelytomissout,becausethetimespentonphysicaleducationfor14-16-year-oldshadfalleninthepastfiveyears.
TeacherssaidthatincreasedpressuretoproduceexamresultswasleadingtochildrenbeingpulledoutofPElessons.Oneinthreesaidexampressureswerebehindthedecline,andtheysaidsubjectssuchasEnglishandMathshadbeengivenmoretimeatthecostofPE.
Almostalloftheteachersfromthe487schoolssaidPEshouldbemorevaluedforitsadvantagestoyoungpeople.Mentalhealthexpertsalsowarnedthatcuttingdownonexercisecouldincreasechildren'smentalhealthproblems.CalStrode,spokesmanfortheMentalHealthFoundation,saidcuttingPEtimewouldbe"short-sightedanddangerous".Hesaid,"ItisworryingtohearthatPEisbeingcutatatimewhenstudentsarefacingproblemswithstressandanxietyinincreasingnumbers.There'sacloserelationshipbetweenmentalandphysicalhealth."
TomMadders,directorofcampaignsatcharityYoungMinds,said,"Schools'cuttingdownonphysicaleducationbecauseofexampressuresisworrying.Schoolsthatvaluehealthalsodobetterinstudy,soitmakessensetokeepgoodhealth,ratherthanputtingchildrenundermorepressure."
Risingexamstresshasbeenraisedasaproblembyexpertswhowarnthatchildrenareundergreaterpressurebecauseofacompetitivejobsmarket.AliOliver,anexpert,said,"ThePEisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth.Socuttingdownphysicaleducationtimeisdeprivingyoungpeopleoftheseadvantagesatatimewhentheyneedthemmost."(1)Whatdoweknowaboutthetext?A.
Schoolsthatvaluehealthdoworseinstudy.B.
Goodphysicalhealthisgoodformentalhealth.C.
Manyteachersdon'trealizetheimportanceofPED.
ChildrenintheUKhaveseriousmentalproblems.(2)_______saidthatCuttingPEtimewouldbe"short-sightedanddangerous".A.
TheteachersintheUK.
B.
TomMadders
C.
CalStrode
D.
AliOliver(3)Accordingtothetext,theexampressureisfrom______.A.
futureworkB.
poormentalhealthC.
parents'expectationsD.
sc
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