上海市奉贤区2025届高三英语二模试题含解析

上海市奉贤区2025届高三英语二模试题（含解析）

考生留意

1.考试时间12()分钟，试卷满分14()分

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，全部答题必需涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做

在试卷上一律不得分

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在

答题纸反面清啦地填写姓名。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.

Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.The

conversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversation

andthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecide

whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.

A.Atanairport.B.Inanoffice.C.Atapolicestation.I).Ata

travelagency.

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

W:Thanksformeetingme.Mr.Hawker.

M:Nicetoseeyou.Doweneedtostopatthebaggageclaimarea?

Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

2.

A.Downjacketsarenowonsale.

B.Shecan,t\vaitforthewintertoarrive.

C.It'shardtoknowhowseverethewinterwillbe.

D.Sheneedsawarmjacket.

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

M:Theforecastsaystherewi11beaseverewinter.Areyouprepared?

W:Hardly.1'mwaitingforthenextsaletogetadownjacket.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

3.

A.Learningtodrive.B.Buyingtheinsurance.

C.Buyingacar.D.Takingaplane.

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

W:Takeascatinsideandseehowyoufeel.SowillyoutakethePorschethen,sir?

M:Letmechockfirst.Theengine,wheelandtherearmirror.Yes,andIwanttobuy

theinsurance,too.

Q:Whatisthemanprobablydoing?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

4.

A.Ericwon'teatvegetablewithoutmeat.

B.Eric1ikesbothvegetableandmeat.

C.SomemeatwillsolveEric*sproblem.

1).Ericisshortofvegetable.

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

M:Eric'sproblemisthathedoesn*tcatenoughvegetable.

W:Yeah,herefusestoeatvegetableunlessthereissomemeat.

0:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

5.

A.Heisinvasive.B.Heisheroic.

C.Heislife-threatening.D.Heisawkward.

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

M:Victorisreallysomething,Henearlygotkilledvhenhetriedtorescueadrewning

boyyesterday.

W:Well,sofarasIknow,thatwasnotthefirstdangeroussituationhewasinfor

others.

Q:WhatkindofpersonisVictoraccordingtotheconversation?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

6.

A.Reviewsofthecomedyarenegative.

B.Thereactiontothecomedyisvaried.

C.Thereviewofthenewspaperisone-sided.

I).Mediaareprejudicedagainstthecomedy.

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

M:Ihearthatthenewspapergavethatcomedyaterriblereview.

W:Itdependsonwhichnewspaperyouread.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

7.

A.Deliverthepackageinperson.

B.Pickupthepackageatthepostoffice.

C.Asktohavethepackagedeliveredtohishome.

D.Findouttheopeninghoursofthepostoffice.

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

M:IwishIdidn,thavetomakeaspecialtriptothepostofficetogetmypackage.

W:Well,ifyoucalltheminthemorning,they,11givethepackagetoyourmailcarrier

tobringouttoyou.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

8.

A.11habii*Ibeengraded.

B.Itreceivedalowgrade.

C.Thecommitteeisdiscussingit.

D.Thewomanhasn'thandeditin.

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

W:Professor,haveyougradedmytermpaperyet?

M:Totellyouthetruth,I,vebeentiedupincommitteemeetingsallweek.

Q:Whatcanbelearnedaboutthewoman*spaper?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

9.

A.HehasbeentoSeattlemanytimes.

B.Hehaschairedalotofconferences.

C.Heholdsahighpositioninhiscompany.

D.HelivedinSeattleformanyyears.

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

W:DavidsaidthatSeattleisagreatplaceforconferences.

M:Hecertainlyhastheauthoritytomakethatconment.He'sbeentheresooften.

0:WhatdoesthemansayaboutDavid?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略.

10.

A.Itistoolateforthemantogotothetheatre.

B.Peoplehavealreadybeenstandinginlinefortwohours.

C.TheuiciiiiiiubtwaiIfurtwuhumslubuyIlieliukel.

D.Themancanbuyaspecialticketbeforethedramastarts.

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

M:Doyouhaveaseatforthedramatomorrow?

W:Nomoreordinaryseats,butwewillsellticketsreservedforhonoredgueststwo

hoursbeforetheperformance.

Q:Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,

andyouwi11beaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwi11

bereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion>

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage

11.

A.Theyaregardeners.B.Theysei1vegetables.

C.Theyrunaguesthouse.I).Theyarescientists.

12.

A.Fivehours.B.Eighthours.

C.Twelvehours.D.Fourteenhours.

13.

A.Theyhavedeeperroots.B.Theydon'tneedsunshine.

C.Theyhavewider1eaves.D.TheyhavebiggerFlowers.

【答案】ILC12.A13.C

【解析】

Hello,everyone.WelcomebacktoIliepiogicun.Weal1knowpldiilbneedsunshinetu

grow.Butactually,notallvegetablesneedlotsofsunshine.MarkHoffmanandhis

wifeownaguesthouseinKempton,Illinois.Theyoftenservetheirguestsfresh

vegetablesfromtheirgarden.Foralmosttenyears,theHoffmanshavebeen

experimentingwithshadeplantings.Curiousvisitorsoftenaskhowtheydoit.Here

istheanswer:theygrowtomatoesnearthetreesthatproducealotofshade.Tomato

plantsgrowaslongastheygetfivehoursadayofdirectsunshine,especiallymorning

sun.Thisgoesagainstthetraditionaladvicethattomatoesneedeight,eventwe1ve

hoursadayoffullsun.Infact,plantsandtreerootscansharesomethinginccmmon.

Besidestomatoes,theHoffimansgrowIrishpotatoes.Plantswithwiderleavesseem

todobetterinshadyenvironments.Thepotatoesgrowbetterintheshadethanin

fullsun.

Questions:

WhatdotheHoffmansdofora1iving?

Howmuchdirectsunshinedotomatoplantsactuallyneedeveryday?

WhydoIrishpotatoesgrowbetterinshade?

【11题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【12题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【13题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage

14.

A.Itisproducedinsmallquantities.B.Itissoldatalowerprice.

C.ItisservedmainlyinMcDonald*s.D.Itisgrownfromcowsalone.

15.

A.Thekindandthewatersystemhavebeenpollutedseriously.

B.Notenuuglimealhasbeenproducedtomeetpeople*sneedb.

C.Muchlandhasbeenusedupforanimalsandtheirfood.

D.Ithasconsumedfewerandfewernaturalresources.

16.

A.Steaksandhamburgers.B.Animalnights.

C.Thefoodcrisisinthefuture.D.Lab-grownmeat.

【答案】14.B15.C16.D

【解析】

AccordingtoscientistsintheNetherlands,thesteaksandhamburgersofthefuture

couldbemadenotfromthefleshofcowsbutfromartificialmeatcreatedina

laboratory

Dr.MarkPostfromtheUniversityofMaastrichthasalreadygrownasmallstripof

artificialbeef,aboutthesizeofastickingplaster,usingcellsfromacow,and

expectstohaveawholeartificialhamburgerreadytoeatinOctober.Bythen,so

muchtimeandmoneywi11havegoneintotheprojectthattheburgerwou1dcostrather

morethanyou,dexpecttopayinyourlocalMcDonald*satleast$300000infact.

Thescientistshopeitwilleventuallybepossibletoproduceartificialmeatinhuge

quantities,andmuchmorecheaply,fromthecellsofonlyasmallnumberofanimals.

Iftheyaresuccessful.asinglecowcouldtheoreticallyproduceamilliontimesbeef

thanitdoesatpresent.

Theenvironmentalbenefitscouldbeenormous.Worldwidemeatproductionusesupa

hugeamountofland(notjustforfarmanimalstoliveonbutalsotoproducethe

foodtheyeat),andby2050.whentheglobalpopulationmighthaverisentoninebillion,

itwillprobablybeimpossibleforpeopletoeatasmuchmeatonaverageaswedo

now-unless,thatis,awayisfoundtoproduceitusingfarfewernaturalresources..

Lab-grownmeatisalsoanattractiveprospectforanyoneinterestedinanimalrights,

offeringthepossibilityofaworldinwhichfeweranimalsarcraisedforslaughter.

Questions:

Accordingtothepassage,whatdothescientistshopetoachieveaboutartificial

meat?

Accordingluthepabsage,wlictlisllieiesulIoflliep:ebeiilworldwidemecilpiuducliuu?

Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

【14题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【15题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【16题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage

17.

A.HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.

B.Heprefershotweathertocoldweather.

C.HevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.

D.HelikesSwedenbetterthanEngland.

18.

A.Thelongnight.B.Thebadweather.

C.Thegloomywinter.D.Thecoldhouses.

19.

A.Delightful.B.Refreshing.

C.Painful.D.Frustrating.

20.

A.Theyworkhardandplayhard.

B.Theyoftenstayuplatereading.

C.Theyliketogocampinginsummer.

D.Theytrytoearnmoreandspendmore.

【答案】17.A18.I)19.1)20.A

【解析】

M:WhenIliveinSweden,peoplealwayswanttoknowabouttheseasons.

W.Thebeabuiis?

M:Yeah,youknowhowcolditisinwinter?Whatisitlikewhenthedaysaresoshort?

W:Sowhatisitlike?

M:Wei1,itiscold,verycoldinwinter.Sometimesitisascoldas26degreesbelow

centigrade.Andofcoursewhenyougoout,you'11wrapupwarn.Butinthehouses

il'salwaysverywarm,muchwarmerthanathome.Swedishpeoplealwayscomplainthat

whentheyvisitEngland,thehousesarecoldeveninagoodwinter.

W:Andwhataboutthedarkness?

M:Well,yeah,aroundChristmastimethereJsonlyonehourofdaylight,soyoureally

lookforwardtothespring.Itissometimesabitdepressing.But,yousee.thesummers

areamazing.FormMaytoJulyintheNorthofSweden,thesunneversetsIt'sstill

lightatmidnight.Youcanwalkinthemountainsandreadanewspaper.

W:Oh,yeah,thelandofthemidnightsun.

M:Yeahthat*snight,butit'swonderful.Youwannastayupal1night.AndtheSwedes

makethemostofit.Theyoftenstartworkearlierinsummerandthenleaveat2:00

or3:0()intheafternoon,sothattheycanreallyenjoythelongsummerevenings.

They'd1iketoworkhard,butplayhardtoo.1thinkLondonersworklongerhours,

butI'mnotsurewhetherthisisagoodthing.

Questions:

Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?

WhatdoSwedishpeoplecomplainaboutwhentheyvisitEnglandinwinter?

HowdoesthemandescribetheshorthourofdaylightaroundChristmasinSwede?

WhatdoesthemansayabouttheSwedishpeople?

【17题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【18题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【19题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

【2()题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassage

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fi11ineach

blankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthat

bestfitseachblank.

HONtoMaketheMostofYourLunchHour

Shouldyougrababiteatyourdeskoreatwithyourcolleagues?Thatdepends

onwhat*sonyouragendafortherestoftheday.

Lunchhours21(get)shorterandshorterandevendisappearingir.some

partsoftoday,sworkingworld.Withfeweremployees22(ask)toacconiplish

moreinadaymanyAmericanstreatlunchnotasabreakbutasjustanothertaskto

squeezeintoanalreadyover-bookedday.

Butdoquickmealsatthedeskactuallyimproveproductivityovermoreleisurely

meals?

Theresearchersonlystudied32employees,sothefindingsaredebatable.But

whentheyassignedonegrouptoeatattheirdesksandanothertodinewithacolleague

atarestaurant,thefoundthosewhoatelunchtogethershowedadeciine23

theirperformanceonteststhatmeasuredconcentration,memoryandtheabi1ityto

catcherrorsandreademotionsinfacialexpressionsfollowinglunchthanbeforelunch.

Bothgroupsatethesamemeals,butthosewhoatealonewereonlygiven20minutes

toconsumetheirfood,24thepairedparticipantswereallowedonehourin

therestaurant.Thosewhoatealonedidnothaveaslargeadropintheircognitive

processingasthosewhoateintherestaurant.

Whatwasresponsibleforthechange?Thereweretoomanyvariablesatplayto

determinewhichhadthestrongestinfluenceoncognitivecontrol-wasitthe

companionship,orwasittherestaurantenvironment25otherdinerswere

pieseul,iiiussicwasplayedandthemealwabservedbywaitsluff,urWHSilIlielongei

timetoenjoythemeal?

26factorwasresponsible,thegroupthattook:arestaurantlunchbreak

camebackmorerelaxed,saytheauthors,andthatlikelyaffectedtheircognitive

sharpness.Sharingamealasidetheofficewithafriendappearstohavea27

(calm)effect,andwhileitreducesintellectualskills,itmaydevelopsocialharmony

andteamwork,which28beanimportantfeatureofsomeworktasks.

Butdon'tfeelsorryforthelone1unchers.11turnsout29sincethey

wereabletomaintaintheircognitiveskillsfollowingthemeal,theymightbein

abetterposition3D(think)creativelyforprojectsthatrequiremere

innovativesolutionsorapproaches.

【答案】21.aregetting

22.asked23.in

24.while25.where

26.Whichever/Whatever

27.calming

28.can/may

29.that30.tothink

【解析】

本文属于说明文，介绍单独吃午餐和与其他人共进午餐对于上班的人来说影响不同，亘独午

餐维持一个人的智力水平，而共进午餐则能增加社会和谐和团队精神。

【21题详解】

考查现在进行时。句意：如今午餐时间越来越短，甚至在一些地方没有了午餐时间。分析句

子可知，本句描述当今的午餐时间正在缩短，以及本句andevendisappearing可知，用现

在进行时，故用aregetting。

【22题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：员工更少就要求在一天的时间完成更多的事情，美国人已经没有把

午餐当作休息，而是另一项任务，努力塞入本已占满的时辰表里。木句为with的复合结构，

ask与其逻辑主语employee为动宾关系，故用过去分词asked。

【23题详解】

考查介词。句意：探讨发觉，那些在起吃午餐的调查对象，在测量专注度、记忆等方面的

测试分数在下降。分析句子可知，本句描述在专注度以及记忆方面的卜.降，故用in。

【24题详解】

考查状语从句。句意：独自吃午餐的给了20分钟，而在餐厅成对吃午饭的给了一个小时。依

据文章可知，本句讲解并描述对比试验的详细细则，表示对比，故用while。

【25题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：有许多变量确定了对认知限制的影响，比如陪伴，餐厅是否还有具他

的食客，有没有放音乐，服务员在不在一旁，还是吃饭时间更长。分析句子可知，olherdiners

werepresent为定语从句修饰先行词environment,从句缺乏地点状语，故川关系副词where。

【26题详解】

考查状语从句。句意：无论是什么因素在起作用，探讨团队发觉，从餐厅吃饭回来的人更放

松。分析前后句，探讨人员没有发觉详细的缘由，但是视察到一个现象，故用Whatever或者

Whichever。

【27题详解】

考查形容词。句意：与挚友在办公室旁边的餐厅吃饭似乎有镇静作用，尽管降低智力技能，

但是促进了社交和谐和团队精神，这一精神可能是一些工作任务重要的特点。分析句子可知,

修饰名词用形容词，故用calming。

【28题详解】

考杏情态动词。句意：与挚友在办公室旁功的餐厅吃饭似平有镇静作用，尽管降低智力技能，

但是促进了社交和谐和团队精神，这一精神可能是一些工作任务重要的特点。分析句子可知,

有些工作任务可能须要团队精神，表示推想，故用can或者may。

【29题详解】

考查主语从句。句意：结吴是，既然在吃完午饭之后可以维持其智力水平，他们可能在须要

创建性思维的工作方面占优势。分析句子可知，本句为itturnsout,it作形式主语，从句

是真正的主语，从句完整，故用引导词that。

【30题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：结果是，既然在吃完午饭之后可以维持其智力水平，他们可能在须

要创建性思维的工作方面占优势。分析句子可知，think作position的后置定语•，故用不定

式，tothinko

SeulioiiB

Direction:FillineachblankwithaproperwordJchosenfromthebox.Eachword

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.involvingB.distinguishC.adaptedD.tailoredE.medium

F.gainsG.partiallyH.amazingI.definitelyJ.steerK.implications

GenesThatMakeYouSmarter

Ihecontributionsgenesmaketointelligenceincreaseaschildrengrowcider.

Thisgoesagainsttheideamostpeopleholdthatasweage,environmentalinfluences

graduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacy（遗产）wearebornwithandmayhave31

foreducation.

uPeopleassumethegeneticinfluencegoesdownwithagebecausetheenvironrrental

differencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,“saysRobertPlomin."Whatwefound

wasquite32andgoesintheotherdirection.w

Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceare33clueto

genetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plowin's

teamgathereddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutin4countries,34

atotalof11000pairsoftwins.Theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,arithmetics

etc.tomeasureaquantitycalled"G”.Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,

withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwin（异卵双牛）sharingabouthalftheirgenes,

makingitpossibleto35thecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheir

Gscores.

Plomin,steamcalculatedinchildhood,genesaccountforabout41percentof

thevariationinintelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent;byyoung

adolescence,itwas66percent.

Noone36knowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewith,age,

butPlominsuggeststhataschildrengetolder,theybecomebetterathandlingtheir

environmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,andsays“kidswithhighGwillusetheir

environmenttodeveloptheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriendswhoareIike-minded,

Childrenwith37tolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesandactivities,

furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.

IsthereanywaytoinleiferewiillIliepctILem?Peihelps."Theevidenceofbliuug

heritability（遗传可能性）doesn,tmeanthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit,”

saysSusanneJaeggi,“fromourownwork,theonesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQ

scoreshadhigher38training.”

P1ominsuggestsgeneticdifTerencesmaybemoreemphasizedifal1chiIdrenshare

anidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeing39tochildren*snatural

abilities.**Mytendencywouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmore

effortintothelowerend,“hesays.

IntelligenceresearchersPaulThompsonagrees:"Ilshowsthateducatorsneed

to40adstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.

【答案】31.K32.H

33.G34.A

35.B36.I

37.E38.F

39.I)4().J

【解析】

本文属于科普文，介绍探讨发觉，年龄越大，基因对我们的影响就越大，这是与之前的观点

相违反的。

【31题详解】

考查名词。句意：这跟大多数的观点相违反，他们认为年龄增长，环境的影响会渐渐超过我

们基因的影响，这可能对教化有启发意义。分析文章可知，本句讲解并描述新的发觉观点以

及对教化的意义，故选K。

【32题详解】

考查形容词。句意：我们的发觉让人特别惊异，朝着另•个方向前进的。依据文章可知，新

的发觉与人们固有的认知是相违反的，故选H.

【33题详解】

考查副词。句意：之前的揆讨发觉，智力的不同部分缘由是由于基因.修饰du。t。用副词，

故用partly,故选G。

【34题详解】

考查介词。句意：Plomin的团队收集了来自四个国家六份单独的探讨数据，其中包括1100对

双胞胎。分析句了可知，本句讲解并描述结论的数据来源，故选A。

【35题详解】

考查动词。句意：每份探讨包括同卵双生双胞胎，具有相同的基因，以及异卵双生的双胞胎,

他们只有一半的基因相同，这样让区分基因和环境对(；分数的影响成为可能。本句主要描述

包含真正的双胞胎以及异卵双生的双胞胎的目的在区分不同因素对G的影响，故选B。

【36题详解】

考查副词。句怠：没人准确知道为什么基因会随着年龄的增长而影响加大。修饰动词用副词，

结合语境,故用definitely,故选I。

【37题详解】

考查形容词。句意：G分数中等或者低的孩子可能选择挑战性更小的消遣和活动，进•步强调

基因的作用。本句描述G中等和分数低的孩子的表现,故选Eo

【38题详解】

考查名词。句意：从我们的探讨来说，起先IQ分数不高的人接受了更高的成果训练。修饰

training用名词作定语，故选F。

【39题详解】

考查动词。句意：基因的影响可能会更加明确，假如孩子们接受的都是同样的课程，而不是

依据他们的天性支配课程。依据本句identicalcurriculuminsteadof可知,许多孩子接

受的特地定制的教化，故选D。

【40颍详解】

考查动词。句意：这显示了教化者须要把广告投入到可以发挥他们天赋的东西上面。不句描

述要调整自己的内容和重点，故选J。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Direction:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases

markedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthe

context.

Opendata-sharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmany

researchersbroadlyagreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawou1dpromotescience,most

are41toposttheresultsoftheirownlaboursonline.

Someconiiiiuiiiliebhaveagieedlotshciieuiiliiie-genelicisls,forexcunple,postDNA

sequencesattheGenBankrepository（库），andastronomersareaccustomedto42

imagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescope

thathasobservedsome500millionobjects-buttheseremainthe43.notthe

rule.Historically,scientistshave44sharingformanyreasons:itisalot

ofwork,untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnotexist;grantfunderswerenotpushing

forsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandardsforformattingdata,and

thereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.

Butthe45aredisappearinginpartbecausejournalsandfundingagencies

worldwideareencouragingscientiststomaketheirdata46.Lastyear,the

RoyalSocietyinLondonsaidinitsreportthatscientistsneedto.”』7

aresearchculturewheredataisviewedasprivatepreserven.Fundingagenciesnote

thatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthescientific

communityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbesharedonlineinwaysthatwerenot

possiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringinguptomakeit

easiertopublishresearchproducts48andenableotherresearchersto

discoverandcite（弓I用）them.

Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthe49advantagesof

sharing,thepracticeisnotpurelybeneficialtoethers.Researcherswhoshareget

plentyofpersonalbenefitsincludingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues,improved

50andincreasedcitations.Themostsuccessfulsharers-thosewhosedata

aredownloadedandcitedthemostoften-getnoticed,andtheirworkgetsused.

51.oneofthemostpopukirdatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryad

isaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeen525700times.Co-author

AmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswanting

toestimatehowmuchcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformation

ondifferentgradesoftrees.'Tdmuchprefertohavemydateusedbythe

53numberofpeop1etoastheirownquestions,“shesays."It'simpertant

toallowreadersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.

Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobe54

Evenpeoplewliui>edataaielesspupulaiuaiibenefit.BymakingllieeffuiIto

organizeandlabelfilessootherscanunderstandthem,scientistscanbecomemore

organizedandbettordisciplinedthemselves,thusavoiding55lateron.

41.A.restrictedB.reluctantC.desperateD.generous

42.A.accessingB.processingC.analyzing1）.

identifying

43.A.assumptionB.mysteryC.exceptionD.

phenomenon

44.A.longedforB.appealedtoC.focusedonD.objected

to

45.A.symptomsB.barriersC.advantagesD.

consequences

46.A.controllableB.uniqueC.reliableD.public

47.A.shiftawayfromB.enclupwithC.giveriseto【）.build

48.A.secretB.digitallyC.ethicallyD.fairly

49.A.materialB.individualC.moralD.economic

50.A.visibilityB.awarenessC.conditionD.

confidence

51.A.OnthecontraryB.AsaresultC.ForexampleD.Afterall

52.A.downloadedB.updatedC.optimizedD.

addressed

53.A.moderateB.MaximumC.averageD.estimate

54.A.reversibleB.profitableC.reproducibleD.

recognizable

55.A.crisisB.confusionC.riskD.conflict

【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.D45.B46.D47.A48.B49.

C50.A51.C52.A53.B54.C55.B

【解析】

本文属于说明文，介绍公开发布自己的探讨数据和成果正变得越来越流行，这不仅对外界有

好处，也对作者本人也有好处。

【41题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管许多探讨人员都同意，开放原始数据会促进科技的发展，

大多数人还是不情愿把自己的劳动成果放在网上。A.restricted限制的；B.reluctant不

情愿的；C.desperate无望的；D.generous慷慨的。依据前一句可知，尽管大家都同意，

还是自己还是不情愿做，故选B。

【42题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：天文学家习惯运用theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,拍摄的根河系

和星星的图像，这是一个可以观测多达5亿的物体的望远镜，但是这些都是例外，不是规定

要求这么做的。A.accessing接近，运用；B.processing处理；C.analyzing分析；D.

identifying确认。分析句子可知，本句讲解并描述天文学家可以干脆运用这个望远镜观测的

图像，故选A。

【43题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家习惯运用theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,拍摄的银河系

和星星的图像，这是一个可以观测多达5亿的物体的望远镜，但是这些都是例外，不是规定

要求这么做的。A.assumption假设；B.myslery谜；C.exception例外；D.phencmenon

现象。依据本句nottherule可知，这些状况都是例外，故选C。

【44题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：从历史上来看，科学家反对共享有许多缘由。A.longedfor

渴如：B.appealedto呼吁，吸引：C.focusedon关注：D.objectedto反对。依据

后文可知，例举了许多反对共享的缘由，故选D。

【45题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是这些障碍正在消