英语等级考试《PETS四级》试题真题及答案四

英语等级考试《PETS四级》试题真题及答案四[问答题]1.Directions:Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayoni（江南博哥）t.Inyouressay,youshould(1)describethepicturebriefly,(2)analyzethissituation,and(3)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.正确答案：详见解析参考解析：【参考范文】LoveisPressureFromthecartoonwecanseethatayoungboyiscrying,pressedbyaheavybagoflotsofbooksonhisback,andalittletreeiscurvedbyaheavyplate,too,ironicallysaying“LooksaftertheTrees.”Whatwecanlearnfromthiscartoonisthatexcessivepressureinmodernsocietygivestoomuchburdenonchildrenandistorturingthemasaheavyplatedotothelittletree.Childrenareunderpressuregivenbyparents,schoolandsociety.Someparentsjustreplacechildren’dreamswiththeirs,ignoringwhattheirkidsreallywant.Someexpecttheirchildrentobecomesuccessfulmeninthefuture.Sotheirchildrenareforcedtolearnmanymorecoursesatanearlyage.Theyalsohavetofacethecompetitionamongschoolkidssothattheycouldsurvivethefiercecompetitioninemploymentmarketinthefuture.However,asanoldsayingsays,“Goingtoofarisasbadasnotgoingfarenough”.Thelittletreeinthepicturenearlybreaksbecauseoftheheavyboardmeaningprotectingitnominally.Childrenareinthesamecase.Loveispressureforthemiftheloveisexcessive.Therefore,Isuggestparentsreleasesomepressurefromtheirchildrenandgivetheirchildrensomesparetimetodowhattheywanttodo.Onlyinthiswaycantheyinvestmoreenergyinstudyandstudymoreefficiently.【范文点评】写此类文章关键在于领悟图片的深层含义。本文条理清晰，内容充实。第一段对图片进行客观描述；第二段分析图片所影射的社会现象，现在的孩子承担了太多以爱的名义施加的压力，明确中心；第三段表达出你自己对该社会现象的看法并提出合理化的建议。【闪光词汇】curved弯曲的nominally名义上地forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事Goingtoofarisasbadasnotgoingfarenough.过犹不及共享题干题Inthepastdecade,newscientificdevelopmentsincommunicationshavechangedthewaymanypeoplegatherinformationaboutpolitics.Themostimportantofthesenew(21)______istheInternet.RecentresearchsuggeststheuseoftheInternetforpoliticalinformationincreasesthe(22)______ofparticipation.Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]1.______.A.technologiesB.materialsC.conceptsD.devices正确答案：A参考解析：technology技术；material资料；concept概念；device装置。根据空后的Internet和文章第一句中提到的“通讯交流方面新的科学发展”可推断出，该句表达的是在这些新技术中，最重要的就是互联网的发展，而不是装置、资料或者概念之类的，故答案为A项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]2.______.A.practicabilityB.feasibilityC.probabilityD.stability正确答案：C参考解析：practicability实用性，可行性；feasibility可行性，可能性；probability可能性；stability稳定性。feasibility和probability都有“可能性”的意思，但有一定区别，feasibility强调事情最终能够做到，完成或者取得成功，而原文中并没有特别强调是否能成功完成，只是强调可能性的存在，互联网在政治信息方面的应用增加了政治参与，故答案为C项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]3.______.A.criticalB.analyticalC.empiricalD.technical正确答案：D参考解析：critical批评的；analytical分析的；empirical经验的；technical技术的。文章第一句提到“通讯交流方面新的科学发展已经改变了许多人获得政治方面信息的方式”，由此可知，此处表达的是网络新闻和政治参与这两者在技术方面的关系，故答案为D项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]4.______.A.specificB.uniqueC.particularD.peculiar正确答案：C参考解析：specific具体的；unique独特的；particular特别的；peculiar奇特的。unique，particular和peculiar意思相近，但三者又有一定区别：unique侧重于表达独一无二，particular侧重于表达脱颖而出，peculiar侧重于表达奇怪的，奇异的。根据句意，此处说的是互联网络为什么会从所有的媒体形式中脱颖而出，故答案为C项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]5.______.A.builtB.losingC.missingD.connected正确答案：A参考解析：build建立；lose失败；miss错过，漏掉；connect连接。由句意“关于互联网为什么会从所有的媒体形式中脱颖而出的理论关系也…”可知，与“关系”搭配的动词只有“建立”符合文意，根据原文中的主语atheoreticallink与动词built之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，可知此处需要使用被动语态，表示被动意义，即build的过去分词形式built，故答案为A项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]6.______.A.unpackB.unrollC.untieD.unfold正确答案：D参考解析：unpack打开包裹，从包中取出；unroll铺开，展开；untie解开，松开；unfold打开，呈现。后面接的宾语是blackbox“即黑匣子”，根据常识，匣子应该是被打开的，可推断出这句话的意思是“这项因试图揭开连结互联网与政治参与的‘黑匣子’而进行的研究，是建立在两种理论方法上的”。故答案为D项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]7.______.A.experimentsB.commentsC.approachesD.investigation正确答案：C参考解析：experiments实验；comments评论；approaches方法，途径；investigations调查，研究。由下文提到“政治科学的此消彼长理论”“通信交流的媒体系统依赖理论”可推知，此处表达的是这项研究建立在两种理论方法之上，故答案为C项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]8.______.A.orientatesB.initiatesC.correlatesD.originates正确答案：D参考解析：orientate给……定位；initiate开始；correlate使有相互关系；originate发源。前文提到“Thefirst…comesoutofpoliticalscience…”，类比可知，此处需要一个能够表达与“comeoutof”意思相同的词，originatefrom为固定搭配，表示“发源于，来自于……”，符合句意“第二种是来源于通信交流的媒体系统依赖理论”，故答案为D项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]9.______.A.alterB.decreaseC.induceD.cover正确答案：B参考解析：alter改变；decrease减少；induce引起；cover覆盖。第二段最后一句提到鼓励参与政治活动，可知此处表示的意思是通过降低信息成本的方式，故答案为B项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]10.______.A.informedB.acceptedC.understoodD.diversified正确答案：B参考解析：informed可被告知的；accepted可被接受的；understood可被理解的；diversified多样的。由空前提到的“媒体通过提供丰富的信息”可推断出，利用丰富的信息，人们会更了解选举者的资料，从而保证最终的投票决定可以被人们接受，降低投票决定的沟通成本。故答案为B项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]11.______.A.declaresB.deniesC.promisesD.argues正确答案：D参考解析：declare宣布；deny否认；promise许诺；argue证明。空后给出了一个观点，即网络可通过减少成本的投入使公众收益，由此可推断出，以前的研究是证明了这样一个观点，即research与argue搭配，故答案为D项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]12.______.A.databanksB.resourcesC.sourcesD.costs正确答案：B参考解析：databank数据库；resource资源；source来源；cost花费。根据句意可知本空表达的是“information”是媒体最大的什么，而信息对于媒体来说应该是一种资源，此处选“resource”资源最为合适。信息不单单包含数据，所以databank用在此处不合适，故答案为B项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]13.______.A.baseB.actC.relyD.live正确答案：C参考解析：base以……做基础，act扮演；rely依靠；live经历。句子的主语是公众，空后指的是媒体提供他们所需要的信息，结合上文理解可知，只有rely符合文意，公众是依赖这些信息做出投票决定的。relyon依赖；baseon以.……做基础；acton对……起作用；liveon以食……为生，靠……生存，故答案为C项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationtheyneed.(34)______theInternetiscapableofprovidinginformation(35)______,andfromamultitudeofsources,onewouldexpectitto(36)______politicalactionthroughloweringthecostofin-formation.Besidesloweringparticipationcosts,themediacan(37)______increasethebenefitsofparticipation.Intensemedia(38)______ofaneventsuchasanelectioncan(39)______excitementthatincreasestheperceived“benefit”ofparticipating.TheInternetmayencourageauniqueparticipationbenefit(40)______increasedmobilizationefforts.[单选题]14.______.A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Although正确答案：A参考解析：because因为；while而；if如果；although尽管。由于前后都是完整的句子，所以此处应选择一个连词，because表示因果关系，while表示转折关系，if表示条件关系，although表示让步关系。主要要分析前后两句的关系，根据“网络可以凭借众多的资源快捷而方便的提供大量信息”以及“人们希望通过降低信息成本来鼓励参与政治活动”可知两者之间是因果关系，故答案为A项。Whilea(n)(23)______relationshipbetweenInternetnewsandpoliticalparticipationhasbeenfound,atheoreticallinkastowhytheInternetis(24)______fromothermediaformsislargely(25)______.Thisresearchisanattemptto(26)______the“black-box”linkingtheInternetandpoliticalparticipationbybuildingontwotheoretical(27)______Thefirst,surgeanddeclinetheory,comesoutofpoliticalscienceandthesecond,mediasystemsdependencytheory,(28)______fromcommunications.Bothexplanationsfocusonindividualcostsandbenefitsofpoliticalparticipation.Themediacan(29)______the“costs”byprovidingsufficientinformationtomake(30)______decisionsaboutvoting.Previousresearch(31)______thattheInternetbenefitsthepublicthroughthecostsideoftheequation.Oneofthemedia’sgreatest(32)______isinformationandthepublic(33)______onmediatoprovidethemwiththein-formationth