江苏专用备战2025年高考英语复习阅读理解组合练二

PAGE1-阅读理解组合练(二)(限时30分钟)A(2024·常州模拟)WIPOistheglobalforumforintellectualpropertyIPservices，policy，informationandcooperation.Weareaself­fundingagencyoftheUnitedNations，with192memberstates.,Ourmissionistoleadthedevelopmentofabalancedandeffectiveinternationalintellectualpropertysystemthatenablesinnovationandcreativityforthebenefitofall.Ourmandate，governingbodiesandproceduresaresetoutintheWIPOConvention，whichestablishedWIPOin1967.Werunworkshopsandseminarsthroughouttheyear.Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossible.CurrentandupcomingCaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs(IPAdvantage)NationalWorkshoponIntellectualPropertyPoliciesforUniversitiesandResearchInstitutions语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界学问产权组织以及由其举办的几场IP研讨会的相关信息。1.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________. A．itisanarticlefromthehandbookofWIPO B．governingbodiesofallmemberstatespayfortherunningofWIPO C．itisintendedforthoseinterestedintheknowledgeofintellectualproperty D．themissionofWIPOistodevelopaneffectivesystemofinnovationandcreativity 解析：选C推理推断题。依据文章内容可知，本文介绍了世界学问产权组织的作用和宗旨以及由其举办的几场有关学问产权的研讨会的信息。由此可知，本文是为对学问产权感爱好的人设计的。故选C。2.IfoneisinterestedinIPmanagement,hecanattendaseminarin________. A．AmmanorTelAviv B．TelAvivorParis C．AmmanorTokyo D．TelAvivorTokyo解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第一个研讨会CaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs(IPAdvantage)的信息“January29toJanuary31,2024(Tokyo)”及第四个研讨会Nationalseminaroncollectivemanagement的信息“December19,2024(TelAviv)”“CollectiveManagementofCopyright,WorkshopsandSeminars”可知，这两场研讨会是关于学问产权管理的。故选D。B(2024·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)InFlorida,agroupofparentsknownas“thebreakmoms”hasbeenfightingtopassalawguaranteeingthestate'selementary­schoolstudentsatleast20minutesofdailyfreeplay.Inasurveyofschool­districtadministrators,roughlyathirdsaidtheirdistrictshadreducedoutdoorplayintheearly2000s.Disadvantagedkidshavebeenthemostlikelytobeshortchanged(克扣).Accordingtoa2003study,just56percentofchildrenlivingatorbelowthepovertylinehadbreak,comparedwith83percentofthoseabovethepovertyline;asimilardisparity(差异)existedbetweenblackchildrenandtheirwhitepeers.Thebenefitsofbreakmightseemobvious—timetorunaroundhelpskidsstayfit.Butalargebodyofresearchsuggeststhatitalsopromotescognition(认知).Manystudieshavefoundthatregularexerciseimprovesmentalfunctionandacademicperformance.Andananalysisofstudiesthatfocusedspecificallyonbreakfoundpositiveassociationsbetweenphysicalactivityandtheabilitytoconcentrateinclass.Inoneseriesofexperiments,researcherscontrolledbreakstarttimes.Somedayschildrenwereletoutat10a．m.,andotherdaysat10：30.Thekids'attentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak,andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.Andwhenfourth­gradersinabreak­freeschoolweregivenaweeklybreak,anothergroupofresearchersfoundthattheyhadaneasiertimestayingontaskandweremuchlessrestless.Theseexperimentalfindingsaresupportedbyananalysisof10,000questionnairesfilledoutbythird­gradeteachers:Evenasingle15­minutedailybreakwasconnectedwithmorepositiveratingsofclassroombehavior.Perhapsmostimportantbreakallowschildrentodesigntheirowngames,totesttheirabilities,torole­play,andtosettletheirownconflicts—activitiesthatarekeytodevelopingsocialskillsandmanagingcomplicatedsituations.InitialresultsfromanongoingstudyinTexassuggestthatelementary­schoolchildrenwhoaregivenfour15­minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthanarekidswhodon'tgetbreak.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一群被称为“休息妈妈”的家长始终在努力通过一项法律，保证该州的小学生每天至少有20分钟的自由玩耍时间的事情。探讨表明有足够休息时间的孩子学习成果更好，情商也更高。3．Whatcauses“thebreakmoms”tostartafight? A．Pupils'lackofoutdoorplay. B．Poorschoolmanagement. C．Absenceofeducationlaws. D．Inequalityamongstudents. 解析：选A细微环节理解题。依据第一段的内容可知，她们想要通过的法律是为了保障孩子们每天课外活动的时间，故缘由是孩子们现在缺少户外活动的时间。4．Inoneseriesofexperiments,researchersfindthat________. A．childrenbehavebetterwhenletoutearlier B．kidswaitinglongerareunabletostayfocusedagain C．third­gradershavedifficultyinfocusingontask D．fourth­gradersaremoreconcentratedwithoutabreak 解析：选A细微环节理解题。依据第四段的第三句“Thekids'attentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak,andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.”可知，当孩子们不得不等待更长的时间才能休息时，他们的留意力下降了，所以被更早放出去活动的学生表现更好。5．Whatcanweinferifwecanensurechildrenacertainamountofdailybreak? A．Theyescapefromlifeconflicts. B．Theymaystrengthendependence. C．Theyaremoreconsideratetowardsothers. D．Theyareeagertomanagecomplicatedsituations. 解析：选C推理推断题。依据最终一段最终一句中的“childrenwhoaregivenfour15­minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthanarekidswhodon'tgetbreak”可知，探讨表明，每天休息4个15分钟的小学生比没有休息的孩子对同龄人更有怜悯心。所以他们对他人也更加爱护。C(2024·盐城模拟)Onedayin1995,alarge,heavymiddle­agedmanrobbedtwoPittsburghbanksinbroaddaylight.Hedidn'twearamaskandhesmiledatsurveillancecamerasbeforewalkingoutofeachbank.Laterthatnight,policearrestedasurprisedMcArthurWheeler.Whentheyshowedhimthesurveillancetapes,Wheelerstaredindisbelief.“ButIworethejuice，”hemumbled.Apparently,Wheelerthoughtthatrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletovideotapecameras.Afterall,lemonjuiceisusedasinvisibleinkso,aslongashedidn'tcomenearaheatsource,heshouldhavebeencompletelyinvisible.ThecasecaughttheeyeofthepsychologistDavidDunningatCornellToinvestigatethisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudenttoestimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelativerankingscomparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,studentswhoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalwaysoverestimatedhowwelltheydid—byalot.Studentswhoscoredinthebottomestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwo­thirdsoftheotherstudents!Sure,it'stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,notonlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoices,butalsotheyarerobbedoftheabilitytorealizetheirmistakes.Inasemester­longstudyofcollegestudents,goodstudentscouldbetterpredicttheirperformanceonfutureexamsgivenfeedbackabouttheirscoresandrankings.However,thepoorestperformersshowednorecognition,despiteclearandrepeatedfeedbackthattheyweredoingbadly.Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan(1871):“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”Interestingly,reallysmartpeoplealsofailtoaccuratelyself­assesstheirabilities.AsmuchasD­andF­gradestudentsoverestimatetheirabilities,A­gradestudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceisthatcompetentpeoplecananddoadjusttheirself­assessmentgivenappropriatefeedback,whileincompetentindividualscannot.语篇解读：本文主要阐述了“邓宁－克鲁格效应”。探讨表明有实力的人会依据各方面的反馈来调整自己的思路，而无知的人往往看不到自己的不足，盲目自信，固执己见。6．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunningKrugereffectistrue? A．Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife. B．Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackcognitiveabilities. C．Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities. D．Theconclusionisdrawnbasedonaseriesofbankrobberies. 解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据其次段的内容，尤其是“somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare”可知，邓宁－克鲁格效应指的是那些过度高估自己实力的、过度自信的人。7．Whatdothecollegestudents'behaviorsmentionedintheexperimentsprove? A．Feedbackplaysasignificantroleinestimatingone'sability. B．Incompetentpeoplehavearigidattitudetowardstheirchoice. C．Goodstudentscanpredicttheirfutureperformanceaccurately. D．Peoplecan'trelyontheirpreviousbehaviortomakeadjustments. 解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据第四段倒数其次句“Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.”可知，实力差的人不会去反思自己的不正确的方法，而是坚持他们的方法是正确的。所以说他们特别的固执。8．Theunderlinedword“begets”canbereplacedby________. A．givesriseto B．takesadvantageof C．makesupfor D．breaksawayfrom 解析：选A词义揣测题。引用查尔斯·达尔文作品中的话是对上面的探讨结果进行归纳总结。上面的探讨表明无知的人更加盲目地自信。所以这句话的意思是“无知比学问更简单产生自信。”beget＝giveriseto“产生”。9．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage? A．Realknowledgeisknowingtheextentofone'signorance. B．Itisdifficultforpeopletoevaluatetheirrealcompetence. C．Illusionofconfidenceisthemajorsourceofpeople'sfailure. D．Thosewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves. 解析：选A推理推断题。本文主要阐述了“邓宁－克鲁格效应”。探讨表明有实力的人会依据各方面的反馈来调整自己的思路，而无知的人往往看不到自己的不足，盲目自信，固执己见。所以真正的学问是了解一个人无知的程度。D(2024·南通七市模拟)UNscholarshavecalculatedthatwithinthenext10yearsthedegradation(退化)offarmandgrasslandcouldturn50millionpeopleintomigrants.AnotherUNagencycalculatedthatinthelast25years,another3%oftheplanet'sforestshadbeenburnedorcutdown.OnceyouhavereadGaiaVince'sbook,youstarttoregisterthescaleofchangeinafast­changingworld.AdventuresintheAnthropoceneholdsamirroruptohumanityandsays:lookwhatyouhavedonetotheworld,theonlyworldyouwilleverhave.TheAnthropocene—theAgeofMan—isaproposednewnameforthequaternary(第四纪)periodthatwenowlivein,anditincludeswhathascometobecalledtheGreatAcceleration,inwhichduringthelast65years,whateverhumansdid,theydiditfasterandmoreeffectively,andonagreaterscale,while_at_the_same_time_reproducing_more_and_dying_much_less.Didittake50,000yearstoreachapopulationofonebillion?Justinthelast10years,anotherbillionpeopleappearedontheplanet,andbytheendofthiscentury,itcouldbehometo9,or10,or11billionsouls,eachofwhichwillhopefortheminimumtosustainhealthandcontentment.Manyofthemwilldemandalotmore,whichiswheretheproblemsbegin.Tobuildcities,pavehighwaysandestablishfactories,humansdecadesagobecamethegreatestearthmovingforceontheplanet:theyeachyearshiftmorerockandsoilthanthewindandtherain,theriversandtheglaciers(冰川)combined.Citiesnowcover2%oftheplanet'sland:by2030,thiswillbe10%.Overthenext80years,thespecieswillbuildacityforonemillionpeopleevery10days.Tokeepthesecitiesfunctioning,humanswillconsume18terawattsofenergyandby2024,around5billionofthemwillhavesmartphones,andInternetaccess,andalreadypeoplewhoaremiserablypoorcansee,atafinger'stouch,whattheyaremissing,andwantitforthemselves,andinthecourseoftryingtogetit,consumemoreresourcesandcausedestructiontotheecosystem.Anyonewhoreadsthisbookwillhavenoexcusefornotthinkingaboutit.Vincedoesn'tjustcollectthestatisticsofexploitationanddestruction,shegoestoseeforherselfwhattheymean.Likeagoodreporter,shetriestoseebothsides:sheexploresboththehumandestructionandthebeneficialandsometimesamazingsolutionsthathumanwisdomcandeliver.Shedoesthelegworktoo:sheclimbsupsteepmountainsidesinNepal,andinLadakh,looksathydroelectricplansinPatagonia,walksthroughtheforesttogetclosertoatiger,stepsoutintheslumsnearCartagenainColombia,andslipsdownanAmazontributaryinadugout.Everywhereintheworld,theiceisdisappearing,butinLadakh,anengineerhasworkedoutawaytomakeartificialglacierstostorethewaterforsummergrowth,andindoingsohasgiventhevillagersnotjustsecuritybutanewkindofhope.Ineverychapter,thereareexcellentstorieslikethis,glimpses(一瞥)oftheotherworldthatperhapswecouldhavemadeforourselves.Necessarily,togetaroundatopicthatinvolvesallhumanhistoryandallgeographytoo,shehastobebrief,andsoineverychapter,sheleavesyouwantingmore.Thisisusuallyconsideredtobeagoodthing.Goodornot,itisdifficulttosee.Andifshehelpsreadersunderstandalittlebetterthelossandsufferingliesbehindtheexploitationoftherareearths,thenitbecomesineverysenseagoodbook.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了GaiaVince的一本名叫AdventuresintheAnthropocene的书。10．Thestatisticsinthefirstparagrapharemeantto________. A．ridpeopleoftheirconcernsabouttheearth B．stressthegravityofthedestructionoftheearth C．clarifypeople'smisunderstandingsoftheearth D．warnpeopleofthecontradictoryreportsabouttheearth 解析：选B推理推断题。依据关键词“thedegradation(退化)offarmandgrassland”和“planet'sforestshadbeenburnedorcutdown”可知，目前地球遭遇着极大的破坏。因此作者写该段旨在强调地球被破坏的严峻性。gravity意思是“严峻性”。11．TheunderlinedpartinParagraph3mostprobablymeans________. A．moretreeswereplantedandfewerofthemdied B．peopleproducedmuchmorethantheyconsumed C．thebirthratewashigherandthedeathratewaslower D．moreanimalswereraisedandthesurvivalratewashigher 解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据本段内容可知，在过去的65年中人类处于一个加速度的时代，无论哪个方面人类都比以往的发展速度更快，效率更高，规模更大，同时人口繁殖更多，死亡更少。12．Accordingtotheauthor,theconstructionofcitiesandinfrastructureswill________. A．createmorejobopportunitiesforcitizens B．narrowthegapbetweentherichandthepoor C．promoteglobalizationandeconomicdevelopment D．causeover­consumptionandecologicaldestruction 解析：选D推理推断题。依据第五段的内容