大学英语六级模拟试卷20

大学英语六级模拟试卷20

一、作文（本题共1题，每题i.o分，共1分。）

1、Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionbasedonthefollowingoutline

giveninChinese.Thesuggestedtitleis:PrivateSchoolsinChina.Youshouldwriteno

lessthan150wordsforyourcomposition.1.私立学校在中国的兴起。2.私立学校可

能带来的好处。1）人才市场的需要；2）培养一流人才；3）提高全民族科学、教育

水平。3.更多的孩子会上私立学。

标准答案：PrivateSchoolsinChinaMoreandmoreprivateschoolsareboomingin

China.ItcanproduceasmartergenerationofChinesechildrenandpromotethe

integrationofeducationv/iththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnolog

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题分，共I。

分。）

Washington,D.C.WhenyouhearpeopletalkaboutWashington,D.C.,youmaywantto

knowWhatthelettersD.C.mean.Theymean"DistrictofColumbia".Washington,the

capitalcityoftheU.S.A.,isintheDistrictofColumbia,notasyoumightexpect,inthe

StateofWashington.WashingtonStateisthousandsofmilesawayonthenorthwest

coast.（TherearealsoseveralothertownscalledWashii^tonintheUnitedStates.）

Washington,D.C.liesbetweenVirginiaandMarylandonthePotomacRiver.Il'sabout

220milessouthofNewYorkCity.Thepleasantestandeasiestwaytogetthereisby

long-distancebus,orbythefast（125-miles-an-hour）trainwhichcostsalittlemorethan

thebusjourneyandalittlelessthanflying.Iwouldtravelformorethan200milestosee

Washington.It'snotacitythathasgrownupaccidentallyasmostbigcitieshavedone.It

wascarefullyplannedasthenation'scapitalbyFrenchman,PierreL'Enfont.Thecitywas

namedafterGeorgeWashington,themuch-loved,much-admired,much-respectedfirst

PresidentoftheUnitedStates.In1791hehimselfarrangedtobuythelandonwhichit

stands.Nowlet'stakeourfirstlookatthecapital.Forafewmomentsyoumayfeelyou

aredreamingandthatyouhavesteppedbackthroughthecenturiesintoancientGreece.

Manyofthebeautiful,shiningbuildingsarebuiltinthenoblestyleoftheancientGreek

temples,andstandinwideavenuesamidtreesandfountains.Mostofthemaremuseums

orgovernmentoffices.GovernmentisthechiefbusinessofWashington,andthechief

governmentbuildingiscalledtheCapitol.Withitshighdome,ittooksalittlelikeSt.

PauFsinLondonorSt.Peter'sinRome.Itstandsonahilloverlookingthecity,whichis

dividedbyRockCreekPark.AlongwideavenuecalledtheMallleadstotheCapitol.At

theotherendofthisavenueatall,white,needle-likebuildingpointstothesky.Thisis,of

course,thehighest"needle"intheworld!-theWashingtonMonument.Onbothsidesof

theMallaremuseumsandgovernmentbuildings.Whatasiuprisethiscityis!

WashingtonandNewYorkseemtobeintwodifterentworlds.Heretherearenohuge

officeskyscrapersandsoit'snotnecessarytoleanbackwardstolookupallthetinie.

ThenthereistheWashingtonCathedralwhichlooksverymuchlikeacathedralinanold

Europeancity.Ofcourse,asinanyotherbigcity,partsofWashingtonarenotso

pleasant.Therearenarrov/dirtylittlestreetsanduglyhouses.Buttherearemany

splendidthingstoseeand,becauseWashingtoncoverssuchawidearea,theeasiestway

toseethemistotakeaspecialsight-seeingbusora"mini-bus"or"tourmobiten.Butdon't

expecttheguidesonthebusestogiveyouaveryserioustalk.Ononetour,Iremember,

theguidetoldus,"That'stheWashingtonMonument,folks(peoplchereareoften

addressedas'folks').It'sthehighest'needle'ofitskindintheworld."Andthenlieadded,

"Atleast,Idon'tknowahigherone!"ThisisthecitywhereAmericaremembersher

fiunousPresidents.Theguidewilltakeyoutoseethememorialstothem.TheJefferson

Meiwrialisaverybeautifulwhitebuildingintheshapeofacircle.Itsroofissupported

bytallcolumns.InsidestandsastatueofPresidentJeflerson.TheLincolnMemorialisa

hugewhitebuilding.InsideyoucanseealamousstatueofAbrahamLincoln,sittingina

greatchair.Thetheatrewherehewasmurderedwhilewatchingaplayisnowamuseum,

theLincolnMuseumThenthereistheMemorialtoPresidentKennedyatArlington.

Hereaflamewhichwaslitonthedayofhisfuneralbumsandisneverputout.L汰c

Lincoln,Kennedywasshot.Another,newer,memorialtohimistheJohn.F.Kennedy

CenterforthePerformingArts,overlookingthePotomacRiver.Itisahugeplaceand

containstheEisenhowerTheatre,anoperahouseandtheconcerthallwhichisthehome

oftheNationalSymphonyOrchestra.Operas,balletsandconcertsarehomeofthe

NationalSymphonyOrchestra.Operas,balletsandconcertsarefrequentlyperformed

there.AcrossthePotomacRiveristhePentagon,astrange,low,five-sidedbuilding.This

istheheadquartersoftheAmericanarmy,andisalsotheAmericanMinistryofDefense.

DuringWorldWarUmorethan35,000peoplewereemployedhere,wliichgivesyouan

ideaofitssize.Everyone,ofcouise,wantstoseetheWhiteHouse.Onmyfirstvisitto

WashingtonastrangercameuptomeandaskedifIknewwheretheWhiteHousewas.I

feltpleasedtobeabletogivehundirections.InfactIhadjustleftit.Icouldnothavetoki

himwhereanyotherplacewas!TheWhiteHousere-allyiswhite,cleanshiningwhite,

andthebeautifulgardensarounditmakeitlooklikeapleasantAmericancountryhouse.

Thepublicisallowedinsideonguidedtours.YoucouldspenddaysattheSmithsonian

Institute,whichincludestenbuildings,housingtheMuse-umsofNatuialHistory,the

NationalGalleryofArt,theArtsandIndustriesBuiklingandseveralothers.Herealsois

theAirandSpaceBuildingwhichispackedwiththehistoryofflying,fromtheearly

daysuptooiirowntimeofspacetravel,Itisexcitingtoseeamodelofthestrange-

lookingmachinewhich,in1969,landedtwomenonthemoon.Alsotheactualspaceship

inwhichthetlireeAmericanstravelledsafelybacktoEarth,endingthegreatestadventure

inthehistoryoftheworld.Hereyouwillfeelclosetoitall,andastonishedthatitwas

everpossible.Shouldyoufeelthatyou'dliketoknowaboutthehistoryofAmerica,you

couldvisittheWaxMuse-umon4thandEStreets,wheretherearelifelikescenes,with

soundandmovement,fromthecountry'spast.Afterwards,forsomefunandalaugh,go

towatchtheperformingdolphinsinthedolphintheatre,Ifyou'veanydollarsleft,you

mightliketospendafewlazyhoursshoppingandeatinginGeorge-town.Ifsan

interestingoldtownwithalotofeighteenthcenturyhousesanditisconvenientlynear

thecentreofthecity.Visitorsshouldmaketheinteresting15mileboat-tripdownthe

broadPotomacRivertothehomeofGeorgeWashington,whichisatMountVernonin

theStateofVirginia.Youcaneatanddrinkontheboat,andenjoymusicanddancingby

moonlight.GeorgeWashington'shomeisasimplewhilecountryhousekeptjustasitwas

whenhelivedthere.Here,also,guideswilltakeyouinsideandshowyoua-round.

Americanparentsfromallpartsofthecountrybringtheirchildrentothisfamousand

popularplace,fortheyarealltaughtatschoolthatGeorgeWashingtonwas"thefatherof

hiscountry".

2、Washington,D.C.issonamedbecauseitissituatedintheStateofWashington.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中第一段就介绍了Washington,D.C.的地理位置，人们可能仅从其

名字就判定它是在华盛顿州，其实不然，华盛顿是在哥伦比亚地区。因此

Washington,D.C.被叫做这个名字不是因为它位于华盛顿州。

3、LikeNewYorkandLondon,Washington,D.C.hasgrownwithoutplansand

blueprints.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由文中第二段的‘h'snotacitythathasgrownupaccidentallyasmostbig

citieshavedone.Itwascarcfollyplannedasthenation'scapitalbyFrench-man,Pierre

UEnfimt.”可知，Washington,D.C.的形成是有规划、有设计蓝图的。因此，此种说

法是错误的。

4、ManyofthebuikiingsinWashington,D.C.arewhiteandtheyarenotverytall.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：导游给游客们介绍几位著名的总统纪念碑时讲到，Jefferson,Lincoln

纪念馆，都是白色建筑，而且上文提到，华盛顿和纽约是两个完全不同的世界，它

们的建筑风格大不一样，在Washington,D.C.没有高楼大厦。因此，此说法是正确

的。

5、ThePentagonistheU.S.militaryestablishment,wheremoretlian35,000peopleare

nowemployed.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Pemagon(五角大楼)是美国的军事机构，也就是911事件”中被袭击

的大楼。在第二次世界大战中那里有35,000名工作人员，而并未说现在有那么多

工作人员。

6、Washington,D.C.remindsvisitorsof.

标准答案：anancientGreekcity。

知识点解析：文中第三段提到当你在华盛顿观光时，你会感觉到你在做梦，穿越时

空的界限回到了古希腊。许多漂亮的、闪耀着光芒的建筑都是古希腊贵族城堡的风

格。因此，可以说Washington,D.C.会让游客们想起古希腊这座城巾。

7^Washington,D.C.isoftheU.S.

标准答案：thepoliticalcentero

知识点解析：根据常识得知，华盛顿是美国的首都，是美国的政治中心，而纽约是

其商业中心。而fl文中第三段也讲到华盛顿的政府机构(governmentoffices)和美国

国会大厦(Capitol)。

8、Visitorsarcallowedto.

标准答案：entertheWhiteHouse»

知识点解析：由文中第八段的内容可知，白宫是允许游人进入的，它是对公众开放

的，因为它说'Thepublicisallowedinsideonguidedlours."而此题只是换了种说法。

9、is"needle-1汰e”.

标准答案：TheWashingtonMonumento

知识点解析：此空的解题关键是文中第三段的最后一句，,Thisis,ofcourse,the

liiglicst'needle'intheworld!—theWashingtonMonument."

10、wouldremindthetouristsoftheuntimelydeathofamodemU.S.president.

标准答案；TheKennedyMemorialo

知识点解析：文章的第六段介绍了美国几位著名总统的纪念馆，在讲到肯尼迪总统

的纪念馆时，它说"HereaflamewhichWaslitonthedayofhisfiuieralbumsandis

neverputout'1,所以theKennedyMemorial会让游客们想起过早去逝的美国总统肯

尼迪。

11、ChildrenvisitingWashingtonwouldprobablyshowthegreatestinterestin.

标准答案：thedolphintheatreo

知识点解析：由文章倒数第三段的末尾处得知，如果你想好玩或笑一下，就可以到

海豚馆看海豚表演。因为小孩们有好玩的天性，所以他们可能会对海豚馆表现出极

大的兴趣。

三、听力短对话(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)

12、

A、Theyarequarrelling.

B、Themanisbuyingagoodbook.

C、Thewomanistryingtoknowthereason.

D^Themanistryingtobuysomethingcheap.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：M：Thebookistooexpensive.Canyoumakeadiscount?W：Butmy

priceisquitereasonablebecausethequalityisgood.Q：Whataretheydoing?

13、

A、Shewantstopayitbycash.

B、Shewantstoaskherfriendstopay.

C、Shewantstopayitlater.

D、Shewantstocutdowntheprice.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：M:Alltogether53dollars.W:OK,chargeittomyaccount.Q:Whatdoes

thewomanmean?

14、

A、Shewillnotdowhatthemanwants.

B、Shewillbuyhimbreakfast.

C、Shedoesn'tknowthatthemandoesn'tknowhowtocook.

D、Sheistheman'swife.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：M:Tdliketohaveaready-madebreakfest.W:Don'tyouknowhowto

cook?Q:Whatcanweknowfiomthewoman?

15、

A、Theymightbecustomers.

B、Theymightbevisitors.

C>Theyniightbecountrymen.

D、Theymightbeactors.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：W:Therearemanybeautifulspotshere.M:Yes.Theyhavegivenmea

deepimpression.Q:Whomighttheybe?

16、

A、Hewantstoturnonthelight.

B、Hewantstobeonadiet.

C、Hewantstohaveasniokc.

D、Hewantstocutsomething.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：M:Excuseme,haveyougotalighter?W:Sorry.Ihaven'ttakenitwith

me.Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

17、

A、Anoperator.

B、Asecretary.

C、Ateacher.

D、Adriver.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：M:Canyouputmetliroughto'Mr.River?W:Sorry,thelineisengaged.

Q:What'sthewoman'sjob?

18、

A、Themanisveryinterestedintheprograms.

B、Thewomandoesn'tlikealltheprograms.

C、Themanandwomanhavedifferenttaste.

D、Thewomanisinterestedinsomeoftheprograms.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：W:Mostoftheprogramsarenoltomytaste.M:Buttomytaste.Q:

Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

19、

A、Heisseeingapopularfilm.

B、Heisdiscussingtheprice.

C、Heistalkingsomethingaboutthelatestfoshion.

D、Heismakingapopularsuit.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：M:Thisonesuitsmeverymuch,buttooexpensive.W:Yes,itisthelatest

fashion,verypopular.Q:Whaiisthemandoing?

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Alecture.

B、Hisoffice.

C,Aparty.

D、Ameeting.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Wherehasthemanprobablyjustescapedfrom?

21、

A、Onthekitchentable.

B、Undertheelectricitybill.

C^Underthegasbill.

D、Oilachair.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：WheredidheputMary'sletter?

22、

A、MarkprobablyoftengivesmoneytoMary.

B、Mark'sfriendsandMary'sfriendsliardlyspeaktoeachotherwhentheyaretogether.

C、MarkandMary,oftenuseeachother'spossessions.

D、Marywouldcontacthisfriendsifhewasinrealtrouble.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whichstatementisnottrueaccordingtotheconversation?

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、InHotelScandinavia.

B、Inamedium-sizerestaurantinFinland.

C、InarestauiantinEngland.

D、Intheman'shouse.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

24、

A、Husbandandwife.

B、Bossandsecretary.

C^Interviewerandinterviewee.

D、Fatheranddaughter.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

25、

A、Becausehewantedtoseethewomanactasawaitressforhalfanhourorso.

B、Becausehewantedtoinvitehertotrythefoodintherestaurant.

C、Becausetherestaurantisshortofhandsintheevening.

D、Becauseheisbusyandhasnotunctomeetthewomanuntillateintheday.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Whydidthemanaskthewomantocomeherelateintheday?

26、

A、Attheman'shome.

B、InHotelScandinavia.

C、InthisEnglishrestaurant.

D、Inheroflice.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Wheremaythewomanhaveherdinner?

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Youarenotrichenoughtobuyanewcarlikemine.

Youaretoopoortocontendwithmefortheparkingspace.

C^Youarenotrichenoughtoparkyourcarhere.

D、Onlyrichpeoplecanhavethedarmgtodothat.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatdidtheolderdrivermeanwhenhesaid"Youhavetobeveryrichto

dothat"?

28、

A、Hehadn'texpectedtheolderdrivertoreactsostrongly.

B、Hehadn'tthoughttheolderdriverhadthatmuchdaringinhim

C、Hewasshockedtoseewhathadhappenedtohiscar.

D^Hehadexpectedhisdefeat.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whichofthefollowingstatementsabou*theyoungdrivercan'tbe

inferred?

29、

A、Titfortat.

B、Firstcome,firstserved.

C^Theyoungandtheagedwillneveragree.

D、Wellbegunishalfdone.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：WhichofthefbIfowingproverbsisnotappropriatetode-scribethe

accident?

30、

A、SportsintheUnitedStales.

B、ThemostpopularsportintheU.S.

C、ThieepopularsportsintheU.S.

D、SportsandU.S.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whichofthefollowingstatementsisthebesttitleofthispassage?

31、

Judgingbythenumbersofthewatchers.

B、Judgingbythenumbersoftheplayers.

C、BothAandB.

D、Neitherofthem

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Bywhatcanwesaybasketballisprobablythemostpopularsportinthe

U.S.?

32、

A、Baseball.

B、Basketball.

C、NeitherAiK）rB.

D、Football.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatismainlyanindoorgameamongthethreesports?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A^Aneconomicpolicyofacountry.

B、Aneconomicpolicyofafamily.

C、TVprogramsdesignedforafamily.

D、Abirthcontrolpolicyofacountry.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatdocs"familyplanningprogiamsmean"?

34、

A、Peoplemarryatamuchlatertune.

B、Morebirthcontroldevicesandmethodshavebeenused.

C、Womenwouldrathergotostudyorworkthanhavechildren.

D、Alloftheabove.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whyhastheworld'sbirthratedropped?

35、

A、Indevelopingcountries.

B、Inindustrialcountries.

C、InChina.

D、BothAandB.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Wherecanyouseesnxillerfamiliesnow?

36、

A、Itshouldbeconsideredabigsuccess.

B、Itisnotverysuccessful.

C、Itisforfiombeingsuccessful.

D、Itisanot-too-bigsuccess.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Whatdoyouthinkofourcountry'spopulationcontrolaccordingtothe

essay?

八、听力复合式听写(本题共〃题，每题分，共

〃分。)

Inthebestof(36).thenextadministrationwillbebesetby(37).Inalmost

everyareaoftheworld,wehavebeenlivingoff(38)wardingofl'theimmediate,

rarelydealingwith(39)problems.Thesedifficultiesarelikelyto(40)

whenitbecomesapparentthatoneofthe(41)ofthewarinVietnamwillbea

strongAmerican(42)toriskoverseas(43).(44).Butitmustfound

itsclaim(45).Itmustrecognizethat,inthefieldofforeignpolicy,wewill

neverbeableto(46).

37、Inthebestof(36),thenextadministrationwillbebesetby(37).In

almosteveryareaoftheworld,wehavebeenlivingofl(38)wardingoffthe

immediatc,rarelydealingwith(39)problems.Thesedifficultiesarclikelyto

(40)whenitbecomesapparentthatoneofthe(41)ofthewarinVietnam

willbeastrongAmerican(42)toriskoverseas(43).(44).Butit

mustfbiuiditsclaim(45).Itmustrecognizethat,inthefieldofforeign

policy,wcwillneverbeableto(46).

标准答案：cireumstanees

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、

标准答案：crises

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、

标准答案：capital

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、

标准答案：underlying

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、

标准答案：multiply

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、

标准答案：legacies

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、

标准答案：reluctance

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、

标准答案：compassion

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、

标准答案：Anewadministrationhastherighttoaskfbrcompassionandunderstanding

fromtheAmerican.

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、

标准答案：notonpattechnicalanswerstodifficultissues.Itmustaboveallaskthe

rightquestions

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、

标准答案：contributetobuildingastableandcreativeworldorderunlesswefirstform

someconceptionofit

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题

分,共10分。）

Awell-establisheddistinc:k)ninmemorytheoryisthatbetweenshort-tennandlong-term

memory.Thefbnnerreferstoourabilitytodosuchthingsasremembertelephone

numberslongenoughtodialthem;thelatterconcernsthewiderangeofwaysinwhich

experiencescanaffectbehaviormanyyearslater.Giventhetwodifferentkindsofability,

itisreasonabletohypothesizethateachisrepresenteddiflerently,ii)thebrain.An

experimentwasdesignedtotestthehypothesisthatlong-termmemoryunpliesa

chemicalchangeinthebrainceUswhileshort-tennmemoryinvolvespatternsofimpulses

incircuitsofnervecells.Onegioupofratsweretaughttorunthroughamaze.Five

minutesafterlearningthetask,theywerecooledto5℃,thetemperatureatwhichall

electricalactivityinthebrainceases.Theywerethenkeptatthistemperaturefor15

minutesbeforebeingallowedtoreturntotheirnomialtemperature.Theywerethenrun

throughthemaze,again.Asecondgroupofratsweretaughttorunthesamemaze,and

thenimmediatelycooledEO5℃for15minutes.Afterbeingallowedtoretiuntotheir

nonnaltemperature,anattemptwasmadetorunthesecondgroupthioughthemaze

again.Itwasfoundthatratsinthefirstgrouphadnodifficultywiththemazethesecond

time,suggestingthattheydidnothavetorelearnthetask.Ratsinthesecondgroupv/hich

wascooledimmediatelyafterlearningthemaze,ontheotherhand,couldnotnegotiate

themazesuccessfully,Le.,theyapparentlycouldnotrememberwhattheyhadlearned.It

wasconcludedfromthisexperimenttliatshort-termmemory(inrats,atleast)isunlike

long-termmemory.Short-termmemoryinvolveselectricalimpulsessinceata

temperaturewhereelectricalactivityceases,thereisnomemory.Long-termmemory,in

contrast,isunaflectedbythedisruptionofelectricalactivityandmayinvolvestruclural

changesinbraincells.

48、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A、ThediffereiKCbetweenshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.

B、Theexperimentsoftwogroupsofrats.

C、Thetemperatureforratstolosetheirmemory.

D、Theinipoilanceofmemoiy.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题测试的是文章的主要内容。文章在首尾两段都强调的是长期记忆

和短期记忆之间的区别，中间两段的实验也是针对这两者之间的区别的，因此本题

的主要内容很明显应该是A项，短期记忆和长期记忆之间的不同、

49、Rememberingaddressbebngsto.

A^short-tennmemory

long-termmemory

C、bothAandB

D、neitherAorB

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题测试的是分析判断能力。本题的答案无法在文章中直接找到，但

是第一段中清楚地提到记忆电话号码是属于短期记忆的(加fomTcrreferstoour

abilitytodosuchtilingsasremembertelephonenumberslongcnouglitodialthem;...),

这句话中的前者指的就是短期记忆，以此类推记忆地址也应该是属于短期记忆，A

项是本题的正确答案。

50、Theexperimentsoftwogroupsofratsindicatethat,

A、temperatureaflectsrats*memory

B、therelationshipbetweentemperatureandmemoryisveryclear

C、thereisdistinctionbetweenshort-termmemoryandbng-termmemory

D、ratscanrelearnthetaskafterforgettingit

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题测试的是归纳总结的能力。从文章第三和第四段可以很容易地推

断出结论，而且文章最后一段开始也提到了实验的结论是短期记忆不像长期记忆

(Inwasconcludedfromthisexperimentthatshort-termmeinory(inrats,atleast)is

unlikelong-termmemory.)。由此可见C应该是本题的正确答案。

51、Ifratsarecooledto5℃for15minutesiinmedlately,whatwillhappenafterbeing

allowedtoreturntotheirnormaltenperature?

A、Theyhavenodiflkultincrossingthesamemaze.

B、Theylosetheirwayinthemaze.

C、Theycanrememberthewaycorrectly.

D、Theygothroughthemazeafterseveraltrying.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题测试的是理解判断能力。文章在第三段中提到的这类老鼠的反应

足：Ratsinthesecondgroupwhichwascooledimmediatelyafterlearningthemaze,on

theotherhand,couldIK)Inegotiatethemazesuccessfully,i.e.theyapparentlycould

notrememberwhattheyhadlearned.由此可见本题的最佳选项是B项“它们在迷宫

中迷路了”。

52、Electricalimpulsesaffect.

A、long-termmemory

B、short-tennmemory

C、structuralchanges

D、braincells

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是道细节题。本题答案的选择依据在文章最后一段：Shorblerm

memoryinvolveselectricalimpulsessinceatatemperaturewhereelectricalactivity

ceases,thereisnomemory.Long-termmemory,incontrast,isunaffectedbythe

disruptionofelectricalactivityandmayinvolvestructuralchangesinbraincells.B项是

符合本题要求的正确选项。

Bythemiddleofthe18thcentury,manydifferentkindsofProtestantslivedinAmerica.

AlthoughtheChuichofEnglandwasanestablishedchuichinseveralcolonics,

Protestantslivedsidebysideinrelativeharmony.Alreadytheyhadbeguntoinfluence

eachother.TheGreatAwakeningofthe1740s,a"revival"movementwhichsoughtto

breathenewfeelingandstrengthintoreligion,cutacrossthelinesofProtestantreligious

groups,ordenominations.AtthesametimetheworksofJohnLockewerebecoming

knowninAmerica.JohnLockereasonedthattherighttogoverncomesfroman

agreementor"socialcontract"voluntarilyenteredintobyfreepeople.ThePuiitan

experienceii)formingcongregationsmadethisideaseemnaturaltomanyAmericans.

Takingitoutoftherealmofsocialtheory,theymadeitarealityandfbnnedanation.It

waspoliticsandnotreligionthatmostoccupiedAmericans*mindsduringtheWarof

Independenceandforyearsafterward.AfewAmericansweresoinfluencedbythenew

scienceandnewideasoftheEnlightenmentinEuropethattheybecamedeists,believing

thatreasonteachesthatGodexistsbutleavesmanfreetosettlehisownaffairs.Many

traditionalProtestantsanddeistscouldagree,however,that,astheDeclarationof

Iixlependencestates,"aDmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheii*creator

withcertainunalienablefights,"andthat"thelawsofNatureandNature'sGod"entitled

themtoformanewnation.Amongtheriglitsthatthenewnationguaranteed,asa

politicalnecessityinareligiouslydiversesociety,wasfreedomofreligion.IheFirst

AmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesforbadethenewfederalgovernment

togivespecialfavorstoanyreligionortohinderthefreepractice,orexercise,of

religion.TheUnitedStateswouldhavenostate-supportedreligion.Inthisway,those

menwhoformulatedtheprincipaltenetsofthenewlyestablishedpoliticalsystemhoped

toinsurethatdiversityofreligiousbeliefwouldneverbecomethesourceofsocialor

politicaliiijusticeordisaffection.TlicFirstAmendmentinsuredthatAmerican

governmentwouldnotmeddleinreligiousaflairsorrequireanyreligiousbeliefsofits

citizens.Butdiditmeanthatgovernmentwouldbereligiouslyneutral,treatingall

religionsalike?Insomeways,thegovernmentsupportsallreligions.Religiousgroupsdo

notpaytaxesintheUnitedStates.PresidentsandotherpoliticalleadersoftencallonGod

toblesstheAmericannationandpeople.Thosewhosereligionforbidsthemtofightcan

performotherservicesinsteadofbecoiniiigsoldiers.Butgovenunentdoesnotpay

ministerssalariesorrequireanybelief-notevenabeliefinGod—asaconditk^nof

holdingpublicoffice.Oathsareadministered,butthosewho,likeQuakers,objectto

them,canmakeasolemnaflirmation,ordeclaration,instead.Thetruthisthatforsome

purposesgovernmentignoresreligionandforotherpuiposesittreatsallreligionsalike

atleastasfarasispractical.Whendisputesabouttherelalbnshipbetweengovernment

andreligionarise,Americancourtsmustsettlethem.

53、WhatistheGreatAwakening?

A、TocutacrossthelinesofProtestantreligiousgroupsordenomination.

B、Arevivalmovementofseekingtobreathenewfeelingandstrengthintoreligion.

C、Tolivesidebysideinrelativeharmony.

D、Tospreadreligiousideatoothercountiies.

标准答案:B

知识点解析：本题是道细节题。十八世纪四十年代的宗教大复兴运动，文章在其首

段用一非限制性定语从句给予了简单说明：a4Yeviva1^movementwhichsoughtto

breathenewfeelingandstrengthintoreligion.这是一个旨在唤起日渐淡薄的宗教观念

的宗教大复兴运动，因此本题的正确答案应为B项”一个旨在给宗教注入新的感觉

和力量的复兴运动”。A项是宗教大复兴运动所引的结果，非木题答案，因而舍

弃。C项离题千里而D项文章中根本未提，故均排除。

54、WhatcontrolledArrericans,mindsduringtheWarofIndependence?

A、Politics.

B、Religion.

C、Protestants.

D、Church.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是对文章的句意理解进行测试。文章在第三段开头就清楚地交待

/：ItwaspoliticsandnotreligionthatmostoccupiedAmericans,mindsduringtheWar

ofIndependenceandforyearsallerward.（是政治而非宗教在独立战争及以后的岁月

里占据了美国人的思想：）由此可见，本题的正确答案毫无疑问应是A项。

55、entitledAmericantohavethefreedomofreligion.

A、iheFirstAmendment

B、TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates

C>AmericanGovernment

D、TheDeclarationofIndependence

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是对文章段落的理解进行考查。本题答案的依据在文章的第四

段：ManytraditionalProtestant