大学英语六级模拟试卷241

大学英语六级模拟试卷241

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTo

WorkatHome?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.-

-随着高科技的发展，越来越多的人选择在家工作--选择在家工作的利与弊--结论

ToWorkatHome?

标准答案：ToWorkatHome?Withthedevelopmentofhightechnology,moreand

morepeoplechoosetoworkathome.Everydaytheysitinfrontofthecomputer,

exchanginginformationwiththeircolleagues,sendingmessagesandpicturesbackand

forthallovertheglobe.Whydomanypeoplechoosetoworkathome?Theremustbe

somethinggoodwithit.Ontheonehand,youmaysavemoneyoncommutingandeating

outbecauseyouareworkingathome.Therearefewerinterruptionsinyourdayasthere

isnobodytochatto.Inaddition,youcanorganizeyourtimebettertosuittheneedsof

yourfamily.However,youmayfeciisolatedandfinditdifficulttoworkwellwithoutthe

stimulusofcolleagues5thoughtsandopinions.Whileyoumaysavemoneyonfareand

eatingout,youmayspendmoreongasandelectricityathome.Besides,youmayneedto

investincomputersandcommunicationsequipment.Furthermore,itcanbedifficultto

makeadistinctionbetweenworkandhomelife,andyoumayfindyourselfworking18

hoursadayatalowerrateratherthan8hoursmoreintensely.Inconclusion,workingat

homedoesnotsuiteverybody.However,forthosewhoenjoyit,thereismorefreedom

andflexibilityintheworkingday.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题1.0分，共10

分。）

LetChinasRetailWarsBeginNewlyunfetteredforeignchainscouldgrabmoreof

China'smarket.OnacoldandwindyFridayafternoon,LiFangisrushingtogetsome

shoppingdonebeforetheweekendbegins.Andthe30-year-oldhumanresources

managerknowsexactlywhereshewantstogo:theCarrefourhypermarket,a10-minute

busridefromherapartmentinnorthBeijing,it'snotthecheapestoption,buttheFrench-

ownedstorehasallthemeat,vegetablesandfruitsheneeds."Carrefouroffershigh

qualityandabettervarietyofproductscomparedtoothersupermarkets,"shesays.In

recentyears,majorinternationalchainslikeCarrefourSAofFranceandWal-martStores,

Inc.oftheUnitedStateshaveexpandedaggressivelyinChina.LocalChineseretailers

haveloudlyprotestedthisandlobbiedheavilyforprotectionfromthenewcompetitionin

priceandservicethatthesemajorretailershavesetoff.Earlierdraftsofthelawhad

includedarequirementforasystemtorateandpunishforeignretailerswhohad

previouslysetupstoreswithoutcentralgovernmentapproval.Anotherproposalwould

haveprohibitedforeignretailersfromopeningstoresincitiesthathaven'tdrawnup

detailedmapsofplannedretailsites,whichwouldincludemanysmallercities.Many

moreChinesewillsoongetachancetosamplethequalityandvarietyatCarrefourand

otherforeign-ownedstores.InkeepingwiththeconditionslorChina'smembershipinthe

WorldTradeOrganization,BeijingonDec.11liftedmostrestrictionsonforeign

retailers.Gonearelimitsonthenumberofstores,rulesconfiningthemtolargecities,and

regulationscappingtheforeigners'stakeinlocalventuresat65%.Chinaerectedthose

hurdlestogiveitsowncompaniesachancetocopytheWest'sbig-storemodel—andthey

havedonesowithgreatsuccess.Thetopfourretailersinthecountryarcallrunbythe

governmentorlocalentrepreneurs,ledbyarapidlyexpandingchaincalledShanghai

Bailian.Buttheforeigncompaniesarenippingatthelocals*heels,andtheyhavebig

plansforexpansionnowthatthebarriershavebeentomdown.Pads-basedCarrefourhas

some240storesinChina,andplanstoopenasmanyas150morethisyear.Its2003sales

of$1.8billionmakeitChina'sfifth-biggestretailer.China"isveryimportantforour

future,"saysJean-LucChereau,executivemanagerofCarrefourChina.PREMIUMON

CONVENIENCECarrefourwasquicktogetintoChinaandoftenpushedtheregulatory

envelope,bypassingBeijingandcuttingdealswithlocalgovernments.Althoughthat

strategygotCarrefourintohotwateratthetime,thecompanyhasemergedasthe

undisputedleader.IthasevenbesteditsBentonville(Ark.)rival,Wal-MartStoresInc.,

(WMT)whichhas43storesin20Chinesecities,andanother10intheworksthisyear.

Germany'sMetroistheNo.3foreignplayer,with24storesandanother40withinfive

years.Alltold,dozensofforeigncompanieshaveopenedinthemainland.Whytherush?

Overthepast20years,retailsalesinChinahavejumpednearly15%annually,tosome

$628billionin2004—makingitthethird-largestmarketonearth.Andconsumer

expectationshaveshotupevenfaster.JustadecadeagomostChinesewerecontentto

lineupinstate-ownedstorestobuywhatevermeagerproductswereavailable,then

shuffleofftooutdoormarketsformeat,eggs,andvegetables.Nowbothlocalchainsand

themultinationalsarcpushingoutthestodgyoldstateretailersandmom-and-popshops

bybuildingbig,convenientstoresinchoicecentrallocationsinBeijing,Shanghai,and

Guangzhou.Withtheendofgeographicrestrictions,thebattlefordominancewillshiftto

smallercities.Thecustomersareamiddleclassthattodaytotalsatleast100million.

Theseshoppersliketobuyclothes,TVs,andgroceriesatclean,modemoutletswithafull

rangeofproductsonhand.SurveysshowthatthetopfactorsChineseconsiderin

decidingwheretoshopthesedaysareconvenience,followedbythespaciousnessand

comfortofstoresandtheselectiontheyoffer.Priceranksonlysixth,accordingto

researcherACNielsen.ShopperLiwouldconcur.Oneofthebestfeaturesofthetwo-

storyCarrefour:Il'seasyiofindwhatshe'slookingfor."Thelayoutisperfect,"shesays.

Withtheforeignersattackingtheirhometurf,Chineseretailersarefightingback.Take

ChinaResourcesEnterpriseLtd.,whichoperatesmorethan1700supermarketsand

hypermarkets,includingChinaResourcesVanguardstores.Theretailerhastrimmedits

stafftoboostprofitability,andhassoughttoimprovemanagementbyraidingtheforeign

chains.TodaynearlyhalfofthemiddleandseniormanagersinCRE'sretailunithave

workedatforeign-ownedstores.Thoseforeign-trainedmanagershavebroughtin

marketingexpertise.Forinstance,tobuildbrandloyaltyCRErewardsfrequentshoppers

withdiscounts,andthecompanyhasrolledoutmorethan60private-labelproducts,

includingbottledwater,shampoo,andbodylotion.AndCREismovingupscale.The

companythisyearexpectstoopenfour"lifestyle"storesofferinghigher-qualityproducts.

Planscallforanadditional20suchstoreswithinthreeyears."Wearetargetingmiddle­

classpeoplewithmoney/saysJonathanWang,chiefoperatingofficerofChina

ResourcesVanguard.There'sconsolidationsweepingthesector,too.ShanghaiBailian,

whichboastsnearly5000storesand2003salesof$5.86billion,haswonpermissionto

takeoverfourrivals.AndCREinDecemberboosteditsstakeinChina'slOth-largcst

retailer,SuguoSupermarket,to85%.Beijing'sultimategoalistocreateadozenorsobig

localplayersthatwillbestrongenoughtocompetewiththemultinationalsathomeand

expandoverseas."China'smarketshouldbemainlydominatedbyChineseretailers,"says

HuangGuoxiong,aprofessorofeconomicsatRenminUniversityinBeijing."Ilisnot

possibletoallowforeignretailerstotakethedominantposition."CONCERNED

OFFICIALSThere'slittledoubtthatChineseretailers2ndgovernmentofficialsare

gettingconcernedaboutthegrowingforeigncompetition.Vice-PremierWuYi一

Beijing'stoughtradenegotiator—lastyearmetwiththeheadsoftopretailcompaniesto

discussstrategy.UnderWu'sguidance,theCommerceMinistryisconsideringguidelines

thatwouldrequirecitiestoprovidedetailedblueprintsforallretailexpansionplans.

Somefearthatmeasurecouldbeusedtobraketheforeigners'advance.Ultimately,the

clashbetweenlocalsandforeignersmaybetemperedbyrealitiesontheground.While

thelocalsneedmanagerialtalent,financing,andgreaterscale,theforeignersneedhelp

navigatingChina'svastretailmarket—andevenmoresoastheymovebeyondthelarge

coastalcities.Thatmeansthatinspiteofthenewlyrelaxedrulesonownership,Wal-

Mart,forone,willcontinuetoworkthroughjointventures."Ourpartnersare

knowledgeableaboutthebusinessinChina,andwelearnfromthem,"saysWal-Mart

spokesmanBillWertz.Andforeignretailersthatdecidetogoitalonemaysoonfind

themselvesfacingmanyofthesameproblemsthelocalshave—ficklecustomerswith

littlebrandloyaltyandchallengesofhiringdecent,staff.ShopperLi'ssolecomplainc

aboutCarrefour:"IcanneverfindemployeeswhenIneedthem."Thestores,localor

foreign,thatgetsuchissuesrightaretheonesthatwillwinthebaffleforthewalletsof

China'sconsumers.

2、TogetintoChinaquickly,CarrefourtookthestrategyofbypassingBeijingand

cuttingdealswithlocalgovernments,whichbroughtitalotoftrouble.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：参看"PremiumonConvenience"小标题下的第一段第一句和第二句话

"CarrefourwasquicktogetintoChinaandoftenpushedtheregulatoryenvelope,

bypassingBeijingandcuttingdealswithlocalgovernments.Althoughthatstrategygot

Carrefourintohotwateratthetime,thecompanyhasemergedastheundisputedleader."

可得知此句正确。

3、ToprotectChineseretailersagainstthegrowingforeigncompetition,theChinese

governmentstilltakesmeasurestolimitthenumbersofstoresopenedbyforeignretailers

inlargecities.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：参看第三段的最后一句话"Gonearelimitsonthenumberofstores,rules

confiningthemtolargecities,aridregulationscappingtheforeigners1stakeinlocal

venturesat65%；此句告诉我们中国政府在入世后已放开了这些限制措施。

4、Surveysshowthatmiddleclasscustomerswillgivefirstprioritytothefactorsof

comR)itofstoicsandselectionofcuimnodiliestheyofleiindecidingwheretoshopthese

days.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据“PremiumonConvenience”小标题下的第三段第三句话“Surveys

showthatthetopfactorsChineseconsiderindecidingwheretoshopthesedaysare

convenience,followedbythespaciousnessandcomfortofstoresandtheselectionthey

offer.“可得知，中国中产阶层消费者选择到哪购物的首要因素是“便利”的因素。

5、ChineseconsumersinsmallcitiescanplayaroleinhelpingChineseretailers

competeagainstforeignretailersbyrefusingtobuythecommoditiesofferedbyforeign

retailers.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该题信息文章中未提及。

6、CarrefourhasbecomeLiFang'sfirstchoicewhenshewantstogetsomeshopping

donebecausesheenjoysthe,thehighqualityandthebiggervarietyof

commodities.

标准答案：convenience

知识点解析：参看第一段第三句话“Andthe30-year-oldhumanresourcesmanager

knowsexactlywhereshewantstogo：theCarrefourhypermarket,a1O-minutebusride

fromherapartmentinnorthBeijing.她坐车只需10分钟就可从公寓到达家乐

福，非常方便。

7、Overthepast20years,retailsalesinChinahaveincreasednearlyeveryyear,

tosome$628billionin2004-makingitthethird-largestmarketonearth.

标准答案：15%

知识点解析：根据“PremiumonConvenience”小标题b的第二段第二句话“Overthe

past20years,retailsalesinChinahavejumpednearly15%annually,tosome$628

billionin2004一makingitthethird-largestmarketonearth.”可得出答案。

8、Tocompetewithforeigners,Chineseretailersaretakingmeasurestoimprove

bycuttingdownonthenumberoftheirstaffandtoimprovemanagementbybringingin

foreignexperts.

标准答案：profitability

知识点解析：根据“PremiumonConvenience”小标题下的第四段第三句话“The

retailerhasrimmeditsstafftoboostprofitability,andhassoughttoimprove

managementbyraidingtheforeignchains”可得至U答案。“Trimitsstaff'意为"cutdown

onthenumberoftheirstaff'o

9、issweepingChineseretailingbusinesstocreambiglocalretailersthatwillbe

strongenoughtocompetewiththemultinationalsathomeandexpandoverseas.

标准答案：Consolidation

知识点解析：参看“PremiumonConvenience”小标题下的第五段。此段主要阐述了

“合并”己成为中国零售业所采取的战略，以此来与跨国公司竞争并向海外扩展。

10、WithmajorinternationalchainslikeCarrefourandWal-martexpanding

aggressivelyinChina,Chineseretailersandgovernmentofficialsarcaboutthe

growingforeigncompetition.

标准答案：nervous/Settingnervous

知识点解析：根据本文倒数第二段第一句"There'slittledoubtthatChineseretailers

andgovernmentofficialsaregettingnervousaboutthegrowingforeigncompetition.'、

可得出答案。

11、Theclashbetweenlocalsandforeignersmaybesoftenedbyrealitiesbecausethe

localsneedtotoimprovetheirmanagement,financingandgreaterscalewhilethe

foreignersneedhelpnavigatingChina'svastretailmarket.

标准答案：copytheforeignbig-storemodel/learnfromforeignretailers/followthe

foreignretailers,example

知识点解析：参看最后一段第一、二句话。这里说明中外零售业的竞争因为现实环

境得以缓解，因为国内零售业需要学习国外的管理经验，而国外零售业需依托中国

市场才得以扩展。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Apharmacist.

B、Asalesman.

C^Alibrarian.

D、Adoctor.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：人物身份推断题根据关键词prescription和vitamins可以推断布朗先

生是一名药剂师。

13、

A、Theyspent$300ontheirvacation.

B、Theydrewmoremoneythantheyhavefromthebank.

C、Theylosttheirbankbook.

D、Theyhadonly$300inthebank.

标准答案：B

知识点解勺：语义推断题从男士的话可以得知他得到了银行的回单说他已经透支

T300美元。

14、

A、Hurrytotheconference.

B、Skiptheconference.

CsTakethesubway.

D、Takeabus.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义推断题女士回答“实际上在中午前我可以不必参加会议言外

之意是有比较充裕的时间去观光一下，因此按照男士的建议她可能去乘公共汽车。

15、

A、Shedoesn'tsay.

B>Somecigarettes.

C、Somecolorfuldresses.

D、Whiteshirts.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节推断题对话中女士并没有谈到要为自己买的东西。

16、

A、Childrenlearnbyexample.

Childrenmustnottelllies.

C、Childrendon'tlikediscipline.

D、Childrenmustcontroltheirtemper.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：语义推断题男士说：“如果你想让你的孩子有礼貌，你必须首先对他

们有礼貌。言外之意是父母是孩子学习的榜样。

17、

A、Adrivingtest.

B、Atrafficaccident.

C、Apolicemovie.

D^Thebestwaytomakesignals.

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：主题推断题从对话的关键词themess、drivingcarelesslyabovethe

limit可以推断出双方正在谈论一场车祸。

18、

A、Becausesheissoyoung.

B、Becausethemandidn'tunderstanditeither.

C、BecauseshedocsrVthaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.

D、Becausethenovelisloodifficulttounderstand.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义推断题男士认为Ulysses是最难读懂的英语小说之一，因此他并

不奇怪女士没读懂这本上说。

19、

A、Polandin1840.

B、Anelection.

C、Amilitarycontest.

D^AquarrelbetweenDeweyandTruman.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节推断题从对话的关键词如votes,election等可以得知双方正在谈

论的是选举。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Inthestudentrecreationcenter.

B、Inthecampusdininghall.

C、Intheuniversitybookstore.

D、Inaclassroom.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：地点判断题对话中谈到了饭菜质量，由此可以判断对话可能发生在

学校餐厅。

21、

A、Watchherpartnerplayingthegame.

B、Playhercardsincooperationwithherpartner.

C>Quitthegame.

D、Teachthemanhowtoplaybridge.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题对话中女士谈到如果她是dummy“明手”，她就会旁观。

22、

A、Healreadyknowshowtoplay.

B、Hedoesn'tlikeplayinggames.

C>Hedoesn'thaveapartner.

D、Hedoesn'thaveenoughfreetime.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题男士说到他这学期的学习任务很重，没有足够的时间学

打牌。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A^Membershipinaco-op.

B、Thebenefitsofhealthfood.

C、Shoppinginthesupermarket.

D^Thecurrentcostoffood.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨概括题双方的交谈始终围绕着co-op”消费合作社”展开。

24、

A、Loweringitsprices.

Seilingmorehouseholdnecessities.

C>Changingitsmembershiprules.

D、Openingupmorecheckoutlines.

标准答案:B

知识点解析：事实细节题对话中女士提到消费合作社不卖清洁用品、电池等日常

用品，她希望能够增加这些物品。

25、

A、Avoidjunkfood.

BNAttendmonthlymeetings.

C、Buycleaningsuppliesattheco-op.

D、Workattheco-opforanhoureveryweek.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题女士明确提到了消费合作社的成员需要每周在合作社工

作一小时。

26、

A^Tosavemoneyonfood.

B、Tobuyfoodwithoutadditives.

C、Todoallhisshoppinginoneplace.

D、Tomeetotherhealth-consciouspeople.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节推断题对话中男士提到他最关心的是食物是否安全健康，经过

女士的介绍他很放心，因此他可能会加入消费合作社。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Pre-lawstudents.

B、Agroupofstudents.

C^Theaudience.

D、Thefaculty.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节推断题根据关键词excellentstudents和goodgrades可以推断史

密斯的谈话对象是学生。

28、

A^Typingskills.

B、Experienceinjournalism.

C、Beingaqualifiedstudent.

D、Lotsofmoney.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节推断题从文中提到的experiencesareabsolutelynecessary可以推

断有足够经验是最重要的。

29、

A、Twodayslater.

B、Inacoupleofdays.

C>Immediatelyafterthemeeting.

D、Tomorrow.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题文章最后讲到了要准备好立刻投入工作，报纸的第一期

明天将出版。

30、

A、Tohelpmariners.

B>Toimproveshipdesignandsailingmethods.

C>Tostudyastronomyandmathematics.

D^Toimprovehisownskillasasailor.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题原文中提到亨利王子致力于改进船只的设计和航海的方

法。

31、

A、Todesignvesselsthatcouldmakelongoceanvoyages.

B、lodesignvesselsthatcouldtraveltasterthanthoseinuseatthattime.

C、TodesignvesselsthatcouldexplorethecoastlineofPortugal.

D^Todesignvesselsthatcouldcarrylargercrewsandmorecargothanexistingones.

标准答案：A'」「

知识点解析：事实细节题亨利王子的具体目标是能够设计出适合远航和能够在深

海航行的船只。

32、

A、TheFirstModernSailingVessels.

B、PrinceHenry'sSailingVessels.

C、PrinceHenrytheNavigator.

D、TheFirstSchoolforSailors.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：主旨归纳题本文主要介绍了亨利王子在航海史上的重要地位。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、Contentofdreams.

B、Itisintheheartofthecityat42ndStreetandSixthAvenue.

C、Itisintheheartofthecityat5ndStreetand42ndAvenue.

D、Itisintheheartofthecityat6ndStreetand42ndAvenue.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：地点判断题文章开始就交代了纽约公立图书馆的具体位置。

34、

A、Thelibraryisinthebusiestpartofthecity.

B>Thelibraryhasgrassandtreesaroundit.

C>TheroofoftheMainReadingRoomis41feethigh.

D、Itsroomsareverylarge.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节判断题主阅览室的高度为51英尺，而非41英尺。

35、

A、13million.

B、30million.

C、14million.

D、40million.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节判断题文中谈到图书馆内共藏有书画作品3,000多万册。

36、

A、Tohavearest.

Toraisemoremoney.

C、Tohavecleaningwork.

D、Tosavemoney.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：事实细节题由于近年来图书馆开支增加，图书馆缺少足够的资金，

因此在晚上和周末都不再开放。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

ThePentagonisseekingcongressionalapprovalfordevelopmentofanewweaponable

tostrikedistanttargetsanhouraftertheyaredetected,anewspaperreportedonMonday.

TheInternationalHeraldTribunesaidtheweaponwouldbea[Bl]versionof

thesubmarine-launchedTridcnt-2missileandbepartofapresident's[B2]

whenconsideringapreemptive（先发制人的）attack.ThereportquotedU.S.military

officialsassayingitcouldbeusedtohit[B3]camps,enemymissilesites,

suspectedcachesofweaponsofmass[B4]andotherurgentthreats.General

JamesCartwright,theheadoftheU.S.StrategicCommand,saidthesystemwouldallow

U.S.forcestoattacktargets[B5]andpreciselyand"limitthecollateral

damage".ThePentagonv/ouldlikethesystem[B6]intwoyears,thereport

said.Buttheprogramhasruninto[B7]fromlawmakersconcernedthatitcould

increasetheriskofan【B8】nuclearwar.UnderthePentagonplan,bothnon­

nuclearandnuclear-tippedvariantsoftheTrident-2missilewouldbeloadedonthesame

submarines."[B9]thenewspaper

quotedSenateArmedServicesCommitteememberJackReedassaying."[B10]

theRhodeIslandDemocratsaid.[Bl1]

37、[Bl]

标准答案：non-nuclear

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：arsenal

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：terrorist

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：destruction

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：conventionally

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：available

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：resistance

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：accidental

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Thereisgreatconcernthatthiscouldbedestabilizingintermsofdeterrence

andnuclearpolicy

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[B101

标准答案：ItwouldbehardtodetermineifamissilecomingoutaTridentsubmarineis

conventionalornuclear

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：TheU.S.HouseArmedServicesCommitteehasaskedtheBush

administrationtodevelopaplantominimizetherisk

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnby

beingcorrectedallthetime.Ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesa

thousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethose

aroundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelike

whatotherpeoplesay.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthings

theylearntodowithoutbeingtaught——towork,run,climb,whistle,orrideabicycle.

Theycomparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymake

theneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisown

mistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethought

thathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,orcorrectitunless

hewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Let

himworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,what

answeristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.Ifit

isamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswer

book.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuch

routinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan'tfindaway

togettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,examsandmarks.Letusthrow

themallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,

thatis,howtomeasuretheirownunderstandingandhowtoknowwhattheyknowordo

notknow.Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,with

ourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskfbrit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgeto

belearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone'slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicated

andrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailto

learnsomethingessential,somethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?"Don'tworry!If

itisessential,theywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

48>Whatdocstheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

A、Bymakingmistakesandhavingthempointedouthyothers.

B、Byhavingtheirmistakescorrected.

C、Bynoticingtheirproblemsandmakingchanges.

D、Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节归纳题。文章第一段指出，孩子们学习很多技能和学习语言一

样，犯了错误不需要总是被指出并纠正，他们会自觉地与其他人做比较，从而发现

问题，并且做出改变，故选项C正确。

49、Accordingtothepassage,ateacher'sdutyisto.

A^providestudentswithhelpwhenitisneeded

findoutstudents'mistakesandcorrectingthem

C、teachstudentsknowledgeessentialfortheirfuturelife

D、helpstudentsfindoutcorrectanswers

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节推理题。根据第三段第二句"Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechild

whenhetellsusthathecan'tfindawaytogettherightanswer”可知A项正确。B、

C、D项内容都是文章中提到的错误的做法。

50、Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtofideabicycle.

A、provideessentialskillsfbrlearningtogrow

B、needalotofteachingandcoiTection

C^aresimilarinthattheyarelearntbypracticingandmakingchanges

D、arequitedifferentinthewaytheyarepickedupnaturally

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节推理题。文章第一段最后两句指出，学习语言和学习其他技能如

同骑自行车一样，需要在使用这种技能的过程中发现问题，并做出相应的改变，这

样才能得到提高。故C符合文章的本意。

51、Theextremeviewoftheauthoristhatchildren'sprogressshouldonlybeassessed

by---------•

A、educators

R、childrenthemselves

C、teachers

D、parents

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节推理题。文章第三段指出孩子们要学习和知道的并不是所谓的正

确答案，重要的是要对刍己已知和未知的东西有一个正确的了解，因此只有他们才

能对自己的能力做出正确评价。故只有B正确。

52、Theauthorthinksthatifchildrenarealwayscorrected,theywillgrowuptobe

A、fearfulofmakingmistakes

B、toocriticalofthemselves

C、unabletothinkfbrthemselves

D、unabletousebasicskills

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理题。文章第二段指出，如果教师总是指出并纠正学生的错误，学

生就会过于依赖教师而不会自己做出判断，故C正确。

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingscience

fortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemof

contemporarj/technology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspieced

togetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientific

experiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefbrtestinganewapproachtohuman

interaction,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,

maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthe

nineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgent

crowdsintothestreetsanydayontheissueofnuclearenergy.Theprincipaldiscoveries

inthiscentury,allinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.

Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonian

mechanics,forexample-haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewset

ofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsare

amendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsof

legislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.Justthirtyyearsagowecallita

biologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedto

publicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemed

simpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortaking

topiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecome

almostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyond

today'simagining.Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo;thereiseverythingtodo.What

liesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharccontinued,ismuch

morethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnology

orthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocesses

oflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

53、WhatCAN'Tbeinferredfromthe1stparagraph?

A、Scientificexperimenlsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluable

items.

B、Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdinghostileattitudetoward

science.

C、Forcenturiesscientificdiscoverieshavebeenhailedbythehumanworld

unanimously.

D^Threehundredyearsisnotlongenough