大学英语六级模拟试卷848

大学英语六级模拟试卷848

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledRe-shooting

oftheFourMasterpiecesofLiterature.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingthe

outlinegivenbelow.1.最近四大名著翻拍成风2.有人赞成，有人反对3.我的观

点Re-shootingoftheFourMasterpiecesofLiterature

标准答案：Re-shootingoftheFourMasterpiecesofLiteratureRecentyearshavebeen

witnessingatrendofre-shootingthefourmasterpiecesofliteratureinChinesehistory,

namely,JourneytotheWest,ADreamofRedMansions,WaterMarginandThree

Kingdoms.FilmedasTVseriesandwelcomedbylargeamountsofaudiencesattheend

oflastcentury,theyarcnowbeingreproducedandpresentedonTV.Thus,great

controversyhasbeenarousedbythisphenomenon.Peopleinfavorofitinsistthatthere­

shootingeffortsareworthpraisinginmanyaspects.Notonlycanthere-shotworks

absorbtheessenceoftheoldversions,butalsotheycantakeadvantageofmodern

technologytointerpretthescenesthatlast-centurytechniquesfailedtopresent.However,

othersholddifferentopinion,arguingthatit'sawasteofmoney,resourcesand

manpowertore-shoottheclassicworks.Besides,ifcontinued,thiswillbreedahabitual

lazinessamongTVandfilmmakersthattheywillceasetobecreativeandinnovative.As

forme,theadvantagesoutweighthedisadvantages.Ontheonehand,thoughclassic,the

oldversionsdon'tsuittheaesthetictasteofmodernageintermsoftheircostumes,

settingsandeffectstechnology.Ontheotherhand,withmodemperspectivesbeing

added,thenewworksareabletoenlightentheaudienceinanentirelydifferentway.So

it'sablessingforustoviewandenjoythere-sholworks.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。）

WilltheOlympicsLeaveaLegacyofGoodHealth?TheOlympiclegacy（传承）has

promisedtocreatea"healthier,happier,moreactivenation",soit'sironicthatIspent

moretimeinthelastfortnightsittinggluedtotheTVthaneverbefore.Butnot,perhaps,

asironicasthegovernment'sfailurethusfartocapitaliseonthecurrentwaveof

enthusiasmforsportwithastrategyforpromotingphysicalactivity.Areportjust

publishedbytheHouseofLordsScienceandTechnologyCommitteeentitled"Sportand

exercisescienceandmedicine:buildingontheOlympiclegacytoimprovethenation's

health"expressessurpriseanddisappointmentin"theapparentlackofjoined-upthinking

ingovernmentabouttheOlympichealthlegacy"."While'sport'belongstothe

DepartmentofCultureMediaandSport,'exerciseorphysicalactivity'isseenasbeing

withintheremit（豁免）ofiheDepartmentofHealth,"saysDavidStalker,CEOofthe

FitnessIndustryAssociation（FIA）.HughRobertson,theministerforsport,openly

declaredthathisinterestwasinincreasingparticipationratherthanimprovingthe

nation'shealth,leadingLordKrebs,thechairmanofthecommittee,tostate:"

GovernmentisfailingtoactinaconsistentwaytoensurethattheOlympicshelpus

tackleoneofourgreatesthealththreats—sedentarylifestyles."Ifyouareinanydoubt

aboutthemagnitudeoftheproblem,considerthefindingsofastudypublishedlastmonth

intheLancetthatconcludedphysicalinactivitywasresponsiblefor6-10%ofcasesof

heartdisease,type2diabetes（糖尿病）,andbreastcancerglobally—and9%ofpremature

deaths.This,theauthorssuggest,makesasedentarylifestyleasseriousathreattohealth

andlongevityassmoking.Sowhy,giventhecompellingevidenceofacleardose­

responserelationshipbetweenphysicalactivityanddisease,havewefailedtorecognise

andpromotetheroleofphysicalactivitybothinthepreventionandtreatmentofchronic

disease?Onepossiblereason,believessportsandexercisemedicineconsultantDr.

RichardWeiler,isthelackofemphasisonphysicalactivityanditsbenefitsinBritish

medicalschools,Weiler'sresearch,publishedintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine

thismonth,foundthat44%ofmedicalschoolsdidnotteachtraineedoctorsthenational

exerciseguidelines,andthatonaverageapaltry（微不足道的）4.2hourswasdevotedto

educationonphysicalactivity."Thereisanurgentneedforphysicalactivityteachingto

havededicatedtimeatmedicalschools,toequiptomorrow'sdoctorswiththebasic

knowledge,confidenceandskillstopromotephysicalactivity,"saysWeiler.TheLords

committeeidentifiedlackofawarenessandinadequatetrainingamonghealth

professionalsasakeybarrierpreventingthetreatmentofillhealthbyexercise,aswellas

alackofconfidenceinexercisereferralschemes.ButStalkersayschangeisaroundthe

corner."TheRoyalCollegeofPhysicianscalledforthedevelopmentofclearstandards

outliningtheprocessbywhichadoctorcanreferapatienttoanexerciseprogramme,"he

explains."Thisworkisunderway,ledbyajointconsultativeforumbetweenthemedical

professionandexercisesectorandrepresentsthefirsttimethesesectorshaveworked

together."Dr.AndrewMurray,therecentlyappointed"physicalactivitychampion"for

theScottishgovernment,saysstepsarealreadybeingtakeninScotland."They'vereally

graspediheimportanceofthisissueuphere,"hesays.Murrayisworkingcloselywith

Scotland'schiefmedicalofficertopromotephysicalactivitywiththeaimsofincreasing

lifeexpectancyanddecreasingtheincidenceofchronicdisease.How?Aministerial

debateonobesityandphysicalactivityheldintheScottishparliamentinMayledto

pledgesfromShonaRobison,ministerforCommonwealthGamesandsport,tomaintain

thephysicalactivitybudgetof3.3mforthenextthreeyears,tomake6mavailableto

localauthoritiestohelpthemachievethe"twohoursofPEperweek"target,andto

increasefundingforsustainabletransportinitiativesincludingwalkingandcycling.

Meanwhile,NHSScotlandhasjustreleasedaseriesoffreeonlineeducationaltoolsfor

itsstafftolearnhowbesttotalkoverthesubjectofphysicalactivityandmotivateand

supportpeopletogetactive.ThiswasoneoftherecommendationsmadebytheLords

report,alongwithsupportforappropriatetrainingbothatundergraduatelevelandin

continuingprofessionaldevelopmentofhealthprofessionals,inprescribingexerciseasa

preventativemeasureandtreatmentforchronicdiseases.Thecommitteealso

recommendedthattheNationalInstituteforHealthandClinical

Excellence（Nice）assessestheresearchontheuseofexerciseinthemanagementof

chronicdiseasesand,wheretheevidencesupportsit,updatetheirguidelinestoreflect

thesefindings.ThiscouldleadtoascenariowhereaGPassessesapatientanddecides

themostappropriatetreatmentfortheirhighbloodpressureisphysicalactivityrather

thancirugs.Whileitisencouragingtoseeamorecommittedattitudetophysicalactivity

fromthegovernment,Dr.Weilerstressestheimportanceofacoordinatedapproach."We

needthesametypeofstrategythatwasusedforstoppingsmoking,"hesays.That

campaignwentfarbeyondtellingpeoplesmokingwasbadforthem:italsoentailed

supportingtheireffortstostoponapracticallevelandusinglegislationtomakenot

smokingeasierthansmoking."Oneoftheproblemsisthatourenvironmentisnot

designedtoencouragephysicalactivity,'1saysWeiler.Inoffices,shoppingcentresand

otherpublicbuildings,liftsandescalators（自动扶梯）takecentrestage,withdarkand

dirtystaircasesroundtheback-outofsightandoutofmind.YettheLancetstudyfound

thatcampaignsusingmotivationalsigns,suchasthosedirectingpeopletostairsinstead

oflifts,wereamongthemostsuccessful.Exactlythistypeofsignagehasbeenusedin

LondonthroughouttheOlympics-presumablyasmuchtocasethestrainonthecity's

publictransportsystemastoboostthenation'shealth—butallthesame,I'dliketoseeit

remain.FredTurok,theFIA'schairman,chairsthegovernment'sResponsibilityDeal

physicalactivitynetwork,whichworkstoencouragebusinessestopromotephysical

activityamongemployees—emphasisingtheknock-oneffectthatahealthierworkforce

hasonproductivityandprofitability."It'snotjustaboutgymsattheoffice,"hesays."

It'saboutenablingemployeestobemoreactive:providingshowers,prioritisingstairs

overliftsorpromotingactivecommuting一walking,runningorcyclingtowork.nEven

thoughthegovernmentisfinallyacknowledgingwhatthefitnessindustryhasbeen

sayingfordecades—thatphysicalactivitymatters——it'snotyetclearwhetherthesofa­

boundBritishpublicwillbuyintoitthistimearound.Stalkerisoptimistic."Ithinkthe

reactionwehaveseentothissummer'sOlympicGameshavedrivenpeopletowardsthe

realisationthattheycannotputoffgettingactiveanylonger,1'hesays.Weileragrees."

Wecan'tcarryondoingnothingaboutit.Thecostofdoingsowillfaroutweighthe

investmentrequiredtoincreasephysicalactivitylevelsandpreventthispublichealth

crisis.H

2、WhataretheHouseofLordsScienceandTechnologyCommitteesurprisedand

disappointedat?

A、ThegovernmentfailstocapitaliseontheenthusiasmfortheOlympicGames.

B、Thegovernmenthasnojoined-upideasforOlympichealthlegacy.

C^TheOlympiclegacyiscommercializedinthemodernworld.

D、ToomanyBritishpeoplearcindulgedinTVwatching.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、LordKrebsarguesthatthegovernmentshouldtakeadvantageofOlympicsto.

A、increaseordinarypeople'sparticipationinsportsactivities

B、improvesportsfacilitiesincitiesaswellasincountryside

C、provethenegativeeffectsofphysicalinactivity

D、dealwithourunhealthysedentarylifestyles

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、Weilerbelievestheroleofphysicalactivityinpreventingandtreatingchronicdisease

isneglected,possiblybecause.

A、noimportanceisattachedtophysicalactivityanditsbenefitsinBritishmedical

training

B、peoplearedoubtingabouttheseriousnessoftheproblemcausedbyphysical

inactivity

C>theeducationoftraineedoctorsputsemphasisonlongevityofhumans

D、thenationalexerciseguidelinestaughtinmedicalschoolareimpractical

标准答案：A--

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、TheLordscommitteebelievesemployingphysicalexerciseasawayoftreating

illnessismainlyhinderedby.

A、noclearstandardexercisereferralschemesfordoctorstoreferto

B、anurgentneedforteachingknowledgeandskillsfbrphysicalactivity

C^inadequateawareness,knowledgeandconfidencetousethismethod

D^doctors'majorfbcusonmedicalattentionandtreatment

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、WhatistheaimofMurray'spromotingphysicalactivity?

A、Todevelopnationalstandardsforphysicalactivity.

B、Tobenominatedasphysicalactivitychampion.

C>Tocreateaforumbetweenthemedicalandexercisesectors.

D、Tomakepeoplelivelongerandhealthier.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、WhatdoesNHSScotlandprovideforitsstafftodiscussandpromotephysical

activity?

A、Freeonlineeducationaltools.

B、£3.3mphysicalactivitybudget.

C、Fundforfightingagainstobesity.

D、Sustainabletransportinitiatives.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、WhatwillNicedowhenitfindssupportingevidenceforusingexerciseintreating

chronicdiseases?

A、Askpatientsnottotakedrugs.

B、Updatetheirguidelines.

C、Consulthealthprofessionalsforfurtherevidence.

D^Trainundergraduatesatmedicalschools.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、Weilerstatesthatourenvironmentisunfavourableto.

标准答案：encouragephysicalactivity

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、FredTurokstressesthechainreactionthatahealthierstaffhason.

标准答案：productivityandprofitability

知识点解析：暂无解析

11、Thissummer'sOlympicGamesmadepeoplerealizethattheyshouldnot.

标准答案：putoffgettingactiveanylonger

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A^Herhusbandiswillingtotellstoriestochildren.

B、Herhusbandisnotashelpfulasthemanthinks.

C、Herchildrenareeasytobescared.

D^Herchildrenlikelisteningtostories.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：对话中，男士询问女士她的丈夫是否能帮上很多忙。女士说她的丈夫

也许挺愿意帮忙的，但是昨天晚上他给孩子讲了个可怕的故事，两个孩子吓得都睡

不着觉。由此可见，女士的丈夫并不像男士想的那样能帮上忙，故答案为B）。

13、

A、Thegirlisnotbeautiful.

B、Thegirldoesnotwearenough.

C、Thegirlismoody.

D、Thegirlhasafever.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：对话中，男士说有个女孩很漂亮，还对他微笑。女士表示这个女孩的

确很漂亮，但是够总是喜怒无常。有时候和她在一起很有趣，有时候她又很不耐

烦。由此可见，女士认为这个女孩情绪多变，故答案为C）。

14、

A、Keepondriving.

B、Permithisdaughtertodrive.

C、Showdrivingskillstohisdaughter.

D^Teachhisdaughterhowtodrive.

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：对话中，女士对男士说，“爸爸，你都连续开车三个小时了，咱们换

换吧”。男士说这条旧高速路有很多坑，在这路上开车是需要经验的。由此可见，

男士不同意让女儿接替池开车，故答案为A）。

15、

A、Whatthemanbookedisasingleroom.

B、Ihcmanandhiswifewanttocheckout.

C、Asingleroomcan'tbechangedforadouble.

D、Thereisnodoubleroomtochangenow.

标准答案：D」

知识点解析：对话中，男士说他和妻子订了个双人间，但现在却是个单人间，问女

士能否换成双人间。女士对她们的失误表示歉意，但现在双人间都预订出去了。由

此可见，已经没有双人间了，故答案为D）。

16、

A、Hebelievesheisthebestplayer.

B、Hewantstogooutwiththewoman.

C、Thoseplayershaveabadperformance.

D、Thoseplayersshouldplaywithhim.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：对话中，女士说今天的比赛太令人失望了，本来可以踢个二比一，最

后打了个平手。男士表示同意，并说那些队员的水平越来越差，还不如自己上场

呢。由此可见，男士认为那些队员的表现很差，故答案为C）。

17、

A、Haveabigdealwiththewoman.

B、Takethepaperoutofthecopymachine.

C、Buyanewcopymachine.

D、Asksomeonetorepairthecopymachine.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：对话中，女士说打印机出毛病了，想请男士帮个忙。男士说没什么大

问题，就是打印机卡纸了，他把纸拿出来就好了。由此可见，男士要把纸从打印机

中拿出来，故答案为B）。

18、

A、Thewomanlikesclassicalmusic.

B、ThewomanisaBeethovenfan.

C、Themanisinabadmood.

D、ThemanlikesJazzmusic.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：对话中，女士说她对音乐了解不多，所以只有几张CD,问男士放贝

多芬的CD行小行。男士说希望女士别介意，但他没有心情听古典音乐，说爵士乐

对他而言才叫音乐。由此可见，男士喜欢爵十乐，故答案为D）。

19、

A、Hekeepsexercises.

B、Hetriesrunning.

C、Heeatslessmeat.

D、Heonlycatsfruit.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对话中，女士说她减肥的时候只吃蔬菜和水果。男士说这并不是一个

保持身材的好办法，他每周健身两次，并劝说女士尝试一下。由此可见，男士是通

过锻炼减肥的，故答案为A）。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A^Sheonceworkedinasmallproject.

B、Shemindseatingwiththeman.

C、Sheisstudyingnutrition.

D^Shedecidesnottobuythemeal.

标准答案.C

知识点涵析：暂无解析

21、

A、Toinformstudentsofthedisadvantagesoffriedfood.

B、Tofindsomestudentstoworkinthecafeteria.

C>Toaskstudentstotryanewdishhehasmade.

D、Tocollectstudents'opinionsaboutmeals.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Doubtful.

Annoyed.

C、Curious.

D、Favorable.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、Afairytale.

B、Ashortpoem.

C、Alovestory.

D、Adetectivestory.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：对话开头，男士说自己完成了创意写作课程的故事，感觉很放松。女

士表示自己还没有完成，她很乐意写侦探故事，故答案为D）。

24、

A、Gettingpassthebeginningofthewriting.

B、Seekingfbrimagination.

C、Askingformoretimetocompletethewriting.

D、Askingforadviceonwriting.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：对话中，女士说自己去找了威尔森教授，希望能有更多的时间来完成

写作作业，故答案为C）。

25、

A、Shifttosomethingelse.

Writeanythinginhismind.

C、Asktheprofessorforhelp.

D、Stopforalittlewhile.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对话中，女士说威尔森教授建议她在写作遇到瓶颈时，只要写下脑海

巾想到的事物就好，即咬这些事物没什么意义。而男士表示他在写作遇到瓶颈时，

就选择做一些别的事情，比如做其他课程的功课，故答案为A）。

26、

A、Towatchthejewelrystorerobbery.

B、Tocollectmaterialsforherstory.

C、Tobuysomevaluablejewelry.

D、Totakesomephotographs.

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：对话中，女士说要去珠宝店，在她的故事中，侦探侦破了一起珠宝店

抢劫案，因此她要去珠宝店看看珠宝如何摆放、摄像头安放的位置等诸如此类的事

情。由此可见，女士去珠宝店是为了她的侦探故事选材，故答案为B）。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A^Becausemencanmakemoremoneytosupportfamily.

Becausetheywanttogotoworkjustasmendo.

C>Becausemenaredeemedthebestworkersinmanyfields.

D^Becausetheworldisonthewholecontrolledbymen.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：在短文开头部分提到，对两方国家的社会研究发现很多女性希望她们

生来就是男人。从事这顷研究的社会学家詹姆斯・海伦博士提到女性经常认为姐们

应该和男性拥有同样的机会，但是又觉得现在仍是男权社会，故答案为D）。

28、

A、Itwillreducethejobchancesofmen.

B、Itwillmakemenlessrespectable.

C>Mendoesn'tliketodohousework.

D、HumeandchildrenuaiflbuLakcnguuduarcuf.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：短文在中间部分提到，一些男士反对他们的妻子出去工作。因为他们

认为他们的妻子如果出去工作，就不能照顾好家庭和孩子，故答案为D）。

29、

A、Stoptreatingthemassecond-classpeople.

B、Stoptreatthemashousewifes.

C、Treatthemsuperiortomen.

D、Treatthemasindependentcareerwomen.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在短文的最后提到，安妮・哈珀希望人们能够停止把妇女当作是第二

等人，故答案为A）。

30、

A、BecausetheyhavewatchedtoomanyHollywoodfilms.

B、Becausetheyhavebecometolerantwiththeseevents.

C、Becausetheytakegreatpleasureindoingsuchthings.

D、Becausetheyareproudoftakinginthischallenge.

标准答案：A「」

知识点解析：短文在中间部分提到，当好莱坞大片镜头中连年呈现灾难、恐怖主

义、危险这样题材的时候，许多电影爱好者己经习惯了这样的场景，故答案为

A）o

31、

A^Aromanticmovie.

B、Asciencefictionmovie.

C、Ahorriblemovie.

D^Anactionmovie.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Violence.

Artificialbackground.

C^Comicelements.

D、Fashionablecostumes.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：短文中提到，好莱坞电影中的一个主要部分是暴力，故答案为A）。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题上0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、itleadstogreaterproductivity.

B、Itsolvestheproblemofmanyfactories.

C^Itmakestheworkers'lifemoreenjoyable.

D、Itreallymakespeopleworkharder.

标准答案：C

知识点露析：文章在开头提到，使工作多样化只会使工人们的生活更舒服点，并不

会使他们更努力工作，当然也就无法提高他们的工作效率，故答案为C）。

34、

A、Itwillmakeworkerslessproductive.

B、It'shardtobegiveninthemodemfactory.

C^Ilwillincreasecriminalrates.

D、It'sverydifficulttocontroltheworkers.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章指出，在现代工厂中，给工人们自由无法轻易实现，故答案为

B）o

35、

A、Thatworkerscandosomethingaboutcontribution.

B、Thatworkerscanenjoymoresparetime.

C、Thatworkerscanmaketheirjobsmoreinteresting.

D、Thatworkerscandemandshorterworkinghours.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：文章中提到，除了贡献量比较重要，工人们确实能够为工厂做出贡献

也很重要，故答案为A）。

36、

A、Theywouldwantasatisfactorypay.

B、Theywoulddemandniceworkingconditions.

C^Theywouldthinkshorterworkinghourslessimportant.

D、Ihcywouldgetalongbetterwiththeboss.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章在结尾提到，如果可以使工人们的工作更有趣，他们既不会要更

多的钱，也不会要更短的工作时间，故答案为C）。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Itistruethatthegroupinteractionshavebothpositiveandnegativesides.Whenwe

[Bl],conflictcannotbegottenridof.Havingopendiscussionofconflict

doesn'talwaysbring[B2].Itmaycomewithnegativeeffects,reducing[B3]

andloweringjobsatisfaction.Duringtheworkwefoundthattheconflictcanbe

[B4]intotaskconflictsandrelationshipconflicts.Thesetwokindsofconflicts

aredifferentthatthefirstoneoccurswhenthereare[B5]incompletingthe

tasks;however,relationshipconflictisinitiatedby[B6]interpersonal

relationshipsandislinkedwith[B7]andtension.Relationshipconflictis

consideredto[B8]performancebecauseitleadstonegativeemotions,

destructivebehaviorsanddistraction.Someresearchesshowthat[B9].

Thereforegeneratingbettersolutionsbecomeseasy.Conflictsandrelationshipnegatively

havesomethingtodowithindividuals'satisfaction.Thememberswanttostayinthe

group,favoringofothergroupmembers.Theregularpatternsarelikethis:[BIO]

.Onthecontrary,whenthegroupperformsnon-routinetasks,disagreements

won'thavedetrimental（不利的）effects,andinsomeextent,disagreementsarebeneficial

tothetasks.[Bl1],theydidnotincreasemembers'abilitytodealwiththe

conflictsconstructively.

37、[Bl]

标准答案：negotiate

知识点解析：此处应该填入一个动词作谓语。ncgoiiaie意为“谈判，交涉

38、[B2]

标准答案：advantages

知识点解析：此处应填入一个名词作句子的宾语。advamage意为“优势，优点”,

注意复数变化。

39、[B3]

标准答案：productivity

知识点解析：此处应度入一个名词作动名词reducing的宾语。productivily意为“生

产力”。

40、[B4]

标准答案:divided

知识点解析：此处应填人动词的过去分词构成被动语态，且能连接介词intoo

divide意为“分开bedividedinto意为"被分成”<>

41、[B5]

标准答案：disagreements

知识点解析：此处应填入一个名词的复数形式。disagreement意为“意见不同，分

歧”

42、[B6]

标准答案：inharmonious

知识点解析：此处应填入一个形容词修饰短语interpersonalrelationships”人际关

系“。inharmonious意为“不和谐的

43、[B7]

标准答案：friction

知识点解析：此处应填入一个名词作介词with的宾语，与后面的名词tension并

列。fric—tion意为“摩擦,冲突”。

44、[B8]

标准答案：hinder

知识点解析：此处位于动词不定式结构中，应填入一个动词原形。hinder意为”阻

碍，妨碍”。

45、[B9]

标准答案：taskconflictscanimprovetheperformanceasitgivesrisetoevaluationof

assumptions,openexpression

知识点解析：taskconflicts,improve,pcr-formancc»evaluation,assumptions,

expres-sion

46、[BIO]

标准答案：whenwearedoingveryroutinetasks,itisnotgoodtogroupfunctioning,as

manydisagreementscomeout

知识点解析：routinetasks,groupfunctio-ning,disagreements,comeout

47、[BI1]

标准答案：Whilediscussionofconflictisnotalwaysadvantageousandnormsare

linkedwithanincreaseinthenumberandintensityofrelationshipconflicts

矢口识点解析：conflict,advantageous,norms,linked,increase,intensity,

rclationshipconflicts

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

You'resittingatarestaurantwaitingforafriend.Twentyminutesafteryourdesignated

meetingtime,theyarriveinaflutterwithalistofexcuses.Perhapstherewastoomuch

trafficorameetingranlong.You'vehearditamilliontimes,yettheirbehaviornever

changes.Soundfamiliar?"Ithinkeveryonehasapersonintheirlifethatdoesthis,"said

HerbReich,authorofthebook2051ThingsThatReallyPissMeOff."Beinglate

constantly,tome,meansyouaresayingyourtimeismorevaluablethanmine."Reich

saidwhileit'seasiertoforgivefriendsandfamilyfortheirlateness,weneedtoestablish

veryclearboundariesforbeingontimewhenitcomestoprofessionalrelationships."

SometimesIwillestablishconsequencesinthecontract,"hesaid,"It'salwayswisetolet

peopleknowwhatyoufeelabouttheirbehavior.nAndwhileReichsuidlatenessisu

"personalitytrait,"psychologistPamelaBrandsaidthebehaviorisneurological（神经学

的）.“Wccallthisabio-psycho-sociopattern/Brandsaid.Thebiologicalcauseof

lateness,shesaid,iswhentheperson'sorganizationandplanningskillsarc

underdeveloped.Socially,shesaidtherecanbelearnedbehaviorsorcultural

communitiesthatdon'tfocusontimeorbeingprompt."Ifsomeonewasn'traisedever

lookingatawatch,andthingswerekindofloosegrowingup,justknowingthiscanhelp

usunderstandwhytheyfunctionacertainway,"shesaid.Thepsychologicalpartofthe

patterniswhenapersonpardonsorrationalizestheirbehaviorwithexcuses,Brandsaid.

Socanpeoplechangetheirways?"It'smybeliefthatallpatternscanbechangedifa

personisconsciousandwantsittobechanged,"Brandsaid."There'sabookcalledYou

AreNotYourBrainthatIrefertooftenthatoutlinesafour-stepprocessofchanging

patternsinthebrain.Itdoesawonderfuljobofgivingaclearexplanationofhowpatterns

develop,howtheyarehardwiredintothebrainandhowtoshiftpatternstosupport

neurologicalshifting."Thiscouldtakesixmonthsforaneurologicalchangetostick,"she

said.Tolendsupportforsomeonewhoistryingtobemorepunctual,Brandsaidithelps

toraisethestakes."Apersonismuchlesslikelytobemotivatedifthereareno

consequences,"Brandsaid."Ifthereisnothreattolosingarelationship,losingajobor

gettingkickedoutofschool,thingswillstaythesame.Soifbeinglatebothersyou,you

havetoreallymakethecontractclear.nReichagrees.'Once,Iwaswaitingforsomeone

inmyprofessionallife,andafter15minutes,Ileft,"hesaid."IexplainedwhyIdidthis,

andthatchangedtheirbehavior.MytimeisjustasvaluableastheirsandIdon'twantto

sitaround.Theyweren'tlateafterthat."

48、AccordingtoHerbReich,.

A、one'sbehaviorofbeinglatewithexcuseswillneverchange

B、thosewhosetimeismorevaluabletendtobealwayslateforappointment

C、it'swisetostatetheconsequencesoflatenessinaprofessionalrelationship

D^it'sunnecessarytoblamefriendsandfamilyfortheirlateness

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。本题考查赫伯・里奇对迟到的看法。定位句指出，当涉

及职业关系的时候，我们仍需要为守时建立约束。里奇说：“有时，我会把后果列

在合同上。让别人知道你对他们行为的看法是明智的。”故答案为C)。A)“一个人

迟到总是会有各种借口，这样的现象是不会改变的，文章第一段只是提到朋友吃

饭迟到时总有一大堆理由的情况，A)属于推断过度，故排除；B)“时间更宝贵的人

在约会中更爱迟到“，这是里奇对爱迟到的人的一种讽刺，并不是一个事实，故排

除；D)“因为迟到而责备朋友和家人是不必要的”，文章第三段只是提到赫伯・里奇

认为我们更容易原谅亲朋好友的迟到行为，D)属于推断过度，故排除。

49、WhatdoesPamelaBrandsayisthesocialcauseoflateness?

A、Organizationandplanningskillsarenottaught.

B、Beingontimeisnotemphasizedinacommunity.

C、Somepeoplearenotraisedeverwearingawatch.

D、Thebehaviorofbeinglateisoftenforgiven.

标准答案：B」」

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查帕梅拉・布莱德认为迟到的社会原因是引么。

定位句指出，从社会角度来看，迟到可能是习得的行为，或是受不注重守时的文化

群体的影响，故答案为B)。A)“没有学习组织和计划的技能”，文章第五段第一句

提到，迟到的生理原因是人的组织和计划能力处于低度开发阶段，但这是生理原因

而非社会原因，故排除；C)“一些人在成长过程巾从不看手表”，文章第六段提到了

手表，但这只是作者对社会原因列举出的例子之一，故排除；D)“迟到行为总是得

到原谅”是心理原因，故排除。

50、WhatdowelearnaboutthebookYouAreNotYourBrain?

A、Ithelpsnsunderstandwhysomeonelikesbeinglate.

B、Itteachespeoplehowtochangetheirbehavior.

C、Itwarnspeopletobeconsciousoftheirbehaviorofbeinglate.

D、Itexplainstheprocessesofchangingbehaviorpatternsinthebrain.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。本题考查YouAreNolYourBrain这本书的内容。定位

句指出，《心我不一》一书里概括了改进大脑中同有模式的四个步骤，故答案为

D)。A)”这本书旨在帮助我们理解为什么有些人爱迟到”、B)“这本书教人们怎么改

变自己的行为”和C)“这本书提醒人们注意自己迟到的行为”文章均未提及，故排

除。

51、AccordingtoBrand,.

A、itmaytakesixmonthstomakeaneurologicalchangeeffective

B、behaviorthatishardwiredintothebrainisimpossibletochange

C、willingnessisadecisivefactorfbrchangingabehaviorpattern

D、processesofchangingpatternsinthebrainshouldbecomprehended

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题主要考查对布莱德所说内容的理解。定位句指出，

布莱德认为要使神经系统上的改变持久牢靠，可能要花上六个月的时间，故本题答

案为A)。B)“那些已经在脑中根深蒂固的行为是不可能改变的”，文章倒数第五段

提到，布莱德相信，如果一个人有意想要改变，那么所有的行为模式都是可以改变

的，B)的逻辑关系与原文相反，故排除；C户一个人是否自愿是改变行为模式最关

键性的因素”属推断过度，故排除；D)“人们需要理解行为模式在大脑中的改变过

程''文章并没有提及，故排除。

52^WhatistheviewpointaboutlatenesssharedbyBrandandReich?

A^Oftenbeinglatewillthreatenarelationshipandschoolperformance.

B、Raisingthestakeswillhelpmotivatesomeonetotrytobemorepunctual.

C、Knowingtheconsequencesoflatenesswillmakesomeonechangethebehavior.

D、Someonebeinglateshouldbegivenachancetoexplainhisbehavior.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。本题主要考查布莱德和赫伯对于改变人们迟到的行为所

持的相同观点。由定位句可知，布莱德认为，如果做事没有后果，人是不太可能受

到激励的，而里奇也同意这个观点，故答案为C)。A)“总是迟到会影响人际关系和

在校表现''，文章倒数第二段列举了几个迟到可能导致的后果的例子，A)只是其中

一个例子，故排除；B广提高迟到的风险可以刺激人们更加守时”，这只是布莱德的

观点，与题干不符，故排除；D)“迟到的人应该被给予解释他们为什么迟到的机会”

文章并没有提及，故排除。

Thereisplentyofcomplaintsabouthowsocialmedia-textinginparticular-maybe

harmingchildren'ssocialandintellectualdevelopment.Butanewstudysuggeststhat

constantinstantmessaging(IM'ing)andtextingamongteensmayalsoprovidebenefits,

particularlyforthosewhoareintroverted(内向的).Britishresearchersstudiedinstant

messagesexchangedby231t