2020-2021学年江西某中学高一（下）月考英语试卷（4月份）（附答案详解）

2020-2021学年江西师大附中高一（下）月考英语试卷（4

月份）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

SOMEFESTIVALSAROUNDTHEWORLDWhentalkingaboutcelebration,festivalshave

muchtooffer.Herearesomefestivalsinsomecountries.

DiadelosMuertos（Mexico）

BeginningatthemidnightofOctober31andlastingthroughNovember2,itisafestivalwhen

familiesgathertogethertorememberthoselovedoneswhohavedied.Tohonorthe

deceased,Mexicanfamiliesprepareprivatealtars（祭坛）intheirhomes.Ontopofthemthey'll

putphotosofthedeadandtheirfavoritefood.Theyalsovisitthegravesoftheirbelovedones

andplaceofferingstheretopaytheirrespectstothedead.

Holi（India）

Holi,popularlyknownas"thefestivalofcolors",isanancientHindufestivalwhichsignifies

theendofwinterandthevictoryofgoodoverevil.CelebratedmostlyinIndiausuallyin

March,thefestivallastsforanightandaday.

During（hefestivalpeopleweieachotherwithwaterballoonsandwaterguns,thentheythrow

colorpowderononeanother.Therearealsomarchingbands,dancing,foodanddrink,andmuch

laughter.Agreatnumberofpeopleareinfectedbyitsplayfulandchildlikeatmosphere.

LaTomatina（Spain）

Asabigfoodfight,itispossiblythemostchaotic（混乱的）festival.

Accordingtorecords,thefestivaldatesbacktoaparadeinwhichsomenaughtyteenagers

knockedoneperformeroffhisstilts（高跷）andcausedafightofthrowingvegetables

accidentally.ltwasoncebanneduntil1957whenthelocalsheldaprotest.Theycarriedacoffin

（棺材）containingahugetomatoasbandsplayedafuneralmarch.Finally,inthedecades

since,LaTomatinahasbecomeapopulareventwhichattractslotsoftouriststohavefun.

Ifyouhappentojointheevent.beawarethatyousquash（hetomatobeforethrowingit.Havea

greattimebutavoidcausinganyinjury.

1.WhichfestivalinChinaissimilartoDiadelosMuertosinpurpose?

A.TheLanternFestival.B.TheMid-AutumnFestival.

C.TheDragonBoatFestival.D.TheQingmingFestival.

2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHoliandLaTomatina?

A.Enjoyablebutrisky.B.Messybutplayful.

C.Religiousandlegendaiy.D.Worldwideandmeaningful.

3.WhatdoweknowaboutLaTomatina?

A.It'sacrazytomatofight.

B.Itfrequentlycausesinjury.

C.Itoriginatedfromafuneral.

D.Itwascanceledbythelocalsin1957.

B

Frankenstein：anundervaluednovelFrankenstein'smonstermightbeoneofthemostpopular

rolespeopleplaywhencelebratingHalloween.Butdoyouknowwherethisimpressiveimage

originallycomesfrom?

ThecreationofFrankensteindatesbackto(hesummerof1816,whensomeyoungpeoplewere

spendingtheirholidayinSwitzerland.Usuallytheweatherinsummerwaspleasant,butthat

summeritrainedquitealot,soformostofthetime.thegroupweretrappedintheircottage.They

startedthinkingaboutentertainingactivitiestohavefun.Finally,theydecidedtojoininthe

writingcompetitionsuggestedbyLordByron：Everyoneshouldwriteacreepyghoststoryand

shareitwithothers,andthewriterofthecreepiestonewouldwin.Duringthe

competition,18-year-oldMaryShelleycameupwiththeideaofanuglymonstercreatedfrom

humanbodyparts.Twoyearslater,shepublishedherfirstnovel,Frankenstein.

YetFrankensteinisn'tsimilartootherhorrorbooks.Inthebook,themonstercanexplainthe

storyfromhisperspective.Althoughheisscary,ugly.andviolent,hehasunderstandablehuman

emotions.andthebookindicatesthathisviolentactionsarereasonable.Heexplainsthathe

becomescruelandviolentbecausehehasbeentreatedciuellyandviolentlybythescientist

whocreateshimandalsothepeoplehemeets.Thebookraisesawarenessofourresponsibilities

tootherpeopleandalsoinspiresustoputourselvesinothers'shoes.

Italsotalksaboutanimaginaryscientificexperimentanditseffects,andbecauseofthis,itis

consideredasthefirstsciencefictionnovel,orthebeginningofsciencefictionasagenre.This

meansthatthenovelhasprobablyinfluencedalotofsciencefictioncreatedlater.Perhaps

withoutFrankenstein,wewouldn'thavethechancetoenjoyEdwardScissorhands,Captain

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America,orStarWars.

However,!enjoyFrankensteinmostlybecauseitcanbeinterpreteddifferently.Theproblemsit

coversaresimpleanduniversal.ltcanbeinterpretedasametaphorforfamily

relationships,humanemotions,orindividualism,orasacriticismofmisuseofscience.

4.WhichwordbestdescribeshowthestoryofFrankensteincomesintobeing?

A.Hard.B.Accidentally.C.Mysteriously.D.Amusingly.

5.Whaldoestheunderlinedword"creepy"inParagraph2mostprobablymean?

A.Creative.B.Interesting.C.Strange.D.Frightening.

6.Intheauthor'sopinion,whatmakesFrankensteindifferentfromotherhorrorbooks?

A.Thethemesittriestoexplore.

B.Thewritingtechniquesitemploys.

C.Themiserableexperiencesitscharacterhas.

D.Thewayitcomesintobeing.

7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.TogivecommentsonFrankenstein.

B.Torecommend（hebookFrankenstein.

C.TointroducethestoryinFrankenstein.

D.ToshowwhytheauthorlovesFrankenstein.

c

Withtheweathergettinghot,bitescausedbymosquitoesnotonlyannoypeople,butcanresult

inmanyinfectiousdiseases.Evenwhenpeoplewearlongclothes,mosquitoes'complexbiting

mechanismenablesthemtoblesomeofthemthrough.

Itwouldbegreatifclothingcouldbeusedtocompletelypreventpeoplefromgetting

bitten.Researcherstestedgraphene（石墨烯）,amaterialthatisincrediblythinbutreally

strong,inordertofindoutifitcanmakeclothingresistanttomosquitoes.

Inthelabexperiment.volunteersexposedasmallpatchofskinontheirarmorhandtoroughly

100mosquitoesforfiveminuiesatatime.Researcherstestedthreedifferentsituations：

volunteerswearingnoprotection,wearingcheesecloth（薄纱棉布），orwearingcheesecloth

plusathingraphenelayerunderit.

Avideocamerawasthenusedtorecordandquantifymosquitoes'behavior.includingwhether

theylandedontheskin,howlongtheystayedthere,andwhethertheybegantosuckblood.The

numberofbiteseachvolunteergotwasalsocalculatedbasedonlowmanyswellings

developedontheirskinafterward.Finally,researchersdroppedalittlewaterorsweatontopof

thegraphenelayerandstudiedtheconsequence,andtheyalsotestedaslightlydifferent

graphenelayercalled"reducedgraphene".

Asaresultdhenumberofmosquitobitesonnakedskinwasthehighest,about16onaverage；

skinonlyprotectedbycheeseclothgotthesecond,approximately10perfiveminutes'

exposure.Theexcitingfindingwasthattherewasnoswellingdevelopingonskincoveredby

thethingraphenelayerundercheesecloth,whichmeansthematerialiseffectiveatpreventing

mosquitobites.Themosquitoeslandedonskintotallyuncoveredorcoveredincheesecloth

about23timesonaverage,andstayedforonetotwominutes.Compai-ativelyjhemosquitoes

landedonskincoveredinthegraphenelayerfewerthan10times13ndthelengthoftheirstay

wasmuchshorter.Besides,wa(erorsweatcanruinthegraphenelayer,whichallowsmosquitoes

tobitethroughit.Butfortunately,thenumberofmosquitobitesineitherdryorwetconditions

canbeloweredaslongasthegraphenematerialisimprovedtoacertainextentinthefuture.

8.Whydidresearchersconducttheexperiment?

A.Torecordthebehaviorofmosquitoes.

B.Tofindasolutiontostopinfectiousdiseases.

C.Totestgraphene'seffectivenessinpreventingmosquitobites.

D.Tofindasubstancetopreventmosquitobites.

9.Whatwastheproblemwhenwaterorsweatwasappliedtographeneintheexperiment?

A.Itslightlyaffectedgraphene.

B.Ithadnoeffectongraphene.

C.Itmadegrapheneuseless.

D.Itimprovedgraphenealittle.

10.Inwhichwaydidresearchersdrawaconclusion?

A.Byanalyzingthereasons.

B.Byclassifyingthreesituations.

C.Bycomparingthedata.

D.Byrecordingmosquitoes'behavior.

11.Whichofthefollowingshowshowthetextisdeveloped?

第4页，共21页

A.Opinion-fact.B.Cause-effect.

C.Phenomenon-evaluation.D.Assumption-conclusion.

D

WhitesandbeachesoftheCocosIslands.whichareknownasagorgeoustouristdestination

siiiroiindedbygreenishbluewater.havenowbeenfilledwithplasticwasteslikeabandoned

plasticwaterbottles,kK）thbrushes.andcigarettelighters.

JenniferLavers.amarinescientist,wenttothesetropicalislandswithherresearch

team.Knowingthatlotsofbeacheswerepollutedbyplasticwastes,theteamconducteda

carefulscientificexaminationonthecoast.onlytofindtheproblemcausedbypiecesoftrash

humansleftwasworsethanexpected.

Notallplasticsaretoblame.Theyarenecessaryinplaceslikehospitalsandairplanes.andmake

ourvehicleslighterandmoreefficient.However,otherplastics,especiallydisposable（一次性

的）plastics,accountforthegrowingmessonthebeachcs.Islandsallovertheworldarejammed

withplastics.AndtheCocosIslandsarenoexception.

Itrequiresthegreatesteffortofalltimetocontrolplasticpollutioninmodernsociety.No

mailerhowkillihchurdles（栏架）arc,son】clhinghaslobedone.

Apparently,demandfordisposableplasticsmustbereducedgreatly."Whydon'twecarry

aroundbagsthatwccanuseoverandoveragain?"askedRichandGross,achemistwho

researchesinnovativewaystomakemoresustainableplastics."Let'scarryaroundreusable

lunchboxes.Weshouldunderstandhowseriousthesituationis.”

Althoughitisimportantforindividualstomakeanefforttoavoidusingdisposableplastics,itis

alsogenerallybelievedthatonlywithinternationalrulescansuchadeep-rooted,common,and

worldwidescourge（灾害）betackled.

Howcvcr.thcU.N.,whichengagesindealingwithacceleratingclimatechangeandpublic

healthcrises,obviouslyisn'tpayingenoughattentiontocallingforinternationalactionon

plasticpollution.Asaresult,billionsofplasticproductswillstillbeproducedeveryyear.many

ofwhichwillendupintheocean.

Nowadays,fishareeatingplentyofplastics,andpeopleeatthosefish.ltremainsunrevealedhow

itwillaffecthumanhealth,bulclearlytheamountofplasticsusedhasincreasedmanytimesin

thelastseveraldecades,andifthistendencygoeson,by2050anenormousamountofcarbon

willbereleasedintothealreadycarbon-saturated（碳饱和的）skies.

12.WhydoestheauthorwriteabouttheCocosIslandsatthebeginningofthetext?

A.Totellthestoryoftheislands.

B.Toappreciatetheislands.

C.Tointroduceascientificstudy.

D.Tointroducetheproblemofplasticpollution.

13.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4mean?

A.Peopledon'tcareabouttheproblem.

B.Theproblemistooserioustodealwith.

C.Actionmustbetakenhoweverdifficulttheproblemis.

D.Theproblemisasdifficultasjumpingovertallhurdles.

14.Accordingtothetext,whatistheU.N.'sattitudetowardplasticpollution?

A.Unconcerned.B.Optimistic.C.Enthusiastic.D.Cautious.

15.WhatisthebesttitleforLhetext?

A.TheBeautifulCocosIslands

B.PlasticPollutiononCocosIslands

C.ScientificResearchonPlastics

D.TheProblemsCausedbyDisposablePlastics

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

HowtoeathealthilyAlotofpeopletendtochooseabalanceddietinordertokeepfit,butbeing

onahealthydietgoesbeyondsimplyeatingmorefruitsandvegetables.Youalsoneedto

changeyourmindsetaboutfood.Takeahardlookatyoureatinghabits.(I)Doyoureduceyour

foodintakeonpurposeinordertofeellikeyouareincontrol?Ifyouransweris"yes",then

youprobablyhaveheldaproblematicattitudetowardfood,andthefollowingtipscanhelpyou

changeit.

(2)Ifyoufindthatyoutendtoeatunhealthyfoodswhenyou'restressed.findanalternative

activity.Youcouldinsteadgofbrawalk,takeaba(h,orcallatrustedfriendforachat.Whatever

youchoose.itshouldbesomethingthatcaneaseyourstress.(3)

Considerfoodasfuel.Alotofpeoplebelievethateatingisanimportantwaytohavefunorkill

time.Thisbeliefisquitecommon.(4)You'dbetterthinkcarefullyabouttheexacteffectsthe

foodwouldhaveonyoubeforeputtingitintoyourmouth.Isitgoodforyourhealth?Doesit

influenceyourbodilyfunctionspositivelyornegatively?

Getmedicalsupportfromprofessionals.(5)Andyoucan'talwaysjusttalkyourselfinto

第6页，共21页

stoppingdestructivebehaviors.Ifyoususpectthatyouhaveaneatingdisorder,whetherit's

overeatingorundereating,consultamedicalspecialistandgetprofessionalhelp.

A.Findahealthierreplacement.

B.Holdahealthyattitudetowardfood.

C.Doyoueatmorewhenyoufeelstressed?

D.Doyouknowhowtochoosehealthyfoods?

E.However,youshouldbreakthiscognitivehabit.

F.Thismayhelpyounolongerfeeltheneedtoeat.

G.Eatingdisordersareclassifiedasmentalillnesses.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

Onecoldnight,IwasgrowingsickofmylifeinSanFrancisco.ThereIwaswalkinghome

aroundoneo'clockinthemorningaftera(2l)practiceatthetheatre.Withtheopeningnight

onlyaweek(22),Iwasstilllearningmylinesbyheart.Iwashavingg)handlingmypart-time

jobatthebankinthedaytimeandmy(24)atnightatthesametime.AsIwalked.Ithought

seriouslyabout(25)bothactingandSanFrancisco.Ihad(26)toomuchofcitylife.

AsIwalkeddownthe(27)streetsunderthetalibuildings,!feltverysmalland(28),soI

began(29)bothtokeepwarmandtokeepawayfromanypossiblerobbers.Verjffewpeople

were(30)outexceptafewhomelesspeopleunderblankets.

Aboutablockfrommy(31),Iheardasoundbehindme.1(32)quickly,halfexpectingtosee

someonewithaknife(33)agun.Thestreetwasempty.AllIsawwasashining

streetlight.Still,thenoisehadmademe(34),soIstartedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmy

apartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidl(35)whatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmy

wallet(36)tothesidewalk.

SuddenlyIwasn'tcoldortiredanymore.IranoutofthedoorandbacktowhereI'dheardthe

noise.AlthoughIsearchedthesidewalk(37)for15minutes,mywalletwasnowheretobefound.

JustasIwasabouttoquitthe(38),Iheardthegarbagetruckstoptothesidewalknextto

me.Whenavoicecamefromtheinside,"AlisaCamacho?"IthoughtIwasdreaming.How

couldthismanknowmyname?Thedooropenedandoutjumpedasmallblondemanwith

an(39)lookinhiseyes."Isthiswhatyou'relookingfor?"Heasked.holdingupawallet.

Itwasalready3a.m.bythetimeIgotintobed.Icouldn'tgetmuch>leep,butIhadgotmywallet

back.Ialsohadgotbacksome(40)ofcitylife.Irealizedthecitycouldn'tbeabadplaceaslong

aspeoplewerewillingtohelpeachother.

21.A.comfortableB.seriousC.tiresomeD.fortunate

22.A.fromB.awayC.outD.far

23.A.comfortB.desireC.painD.trouble

24.A.workingB.cleaningC.findingD.acting

25.A.settingupB.givingupC.holdingupD.pickingup

26.A.expectedB.changedC.controlledD.possessed

27.A.emptyB.crowdedC.busyD.wild

28.A.warmB.lonelyC.coldD.bored

29.A.runningB.jumpingC.movingD.marching

30.A.yetB.stillC.alreadyD.even

31.A.bankB.theatreC.apartmentD.office

32.A.stoodB.walkedC.turnedD.left

33.A.orB.andC.butD.with

34.A.satisfiedB.confusedC.scaredD.annoyed

35.A.turnoutB.figureoutC.giveoutD.pullout

36.A.belongingB.addingC.stickingD.falling

37.A.aimlesslyB.anxiouslyC.skillfullyD.delightedly

38.A.discoveryB.researchC.huntD.finding

39.A.amusedB.unpleasantC.uneasyD.embarrassed

40.A.productionB.judgmentC.friendshipD.appreciation

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

第8页，共21页

41.Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkinds(1)(hold)everywheresinceancienttimes.Most

ancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofcoldweather,plantinginspringandharvestin

autumn.Sometimescelebrationswouldbeheldafterhunters(2)(catch)animals.Atthat

limepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficult(3)(find),especiallyduringthecold

wintermonths.Someoftoday'sfestivals(4)(origin)inreligion,someinseasonsand

someareforspecialpeopleorevents.Themost(5)(energy)andimportantfestivalsare

theones(6)lookforwardtotheendofthewinterandtothecomingofspring.Atthe

SpringFestivalinChina,peopleeatdumplings,fishandmeatandmaygivechildrenlucky

money(7)redpaper.Therearedragondancesandcarnivals,andfamiliescelebratethe

LunarNewYeartogether.(8)somewesterncountriesdoonEasterisholdveryexciting

carnivals,whichtakeplacefortydaysbeforeEaster,usuallyinFebruary.Easterisan

importantreligiousandsocialfestivalfor(9)(Christian)aroundtheworld.ltcelebrates

thereturnofJesusfromthedeadand(hecomingofspringandnewlife.Peoplelovetoget

togethertoeat.drinkandhavefunwitheachother.Festivalsletusenjoylife,beproudof

ourcustomsandforgetourworkfor(10)littlewhile.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线八)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第II处起)不计分。

LastyearImadeapromisetomyselfwhichIwasn'tgoingtohideawayfromFather'sDay

andrefusedtomakeitadaythatremindsmeonwhatI'velost.Althoughhewasnolonger

theretocelebratewith,!v/oulddothingsthatmademefeelclosehim.In2020,1havespent

thedayaloneinmyflatwatchingsomeofhisfavouritefilm.Thisyearwillbequite

differentsoIwillcelebrateitwithhismumandbrother.Iplantotakealongbikeridein

(hemorningtoquietremembermydadinmyownway.followingbyafamilywalkand

dinnertogether.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

43.你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“时间比金钱重要”为主题，写•篇短文参赛。

注意：1.词数100左右;

2.题目自拟。

第10页，共21页

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】A

【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据文章第二段BeginningatthemidnightofOctober31and

lastingthroughNovember2,itisafestivalwhenfamiliesgathertogethertorememberthose

lovedoneswhohavedied.M,1。月31日午夜开始，一直持续到11月2日,这是一个家人

聚集在一起纪念逝去亲人的节日。可知I,DiadelosMuertos的目的是缅怀已故的亲人，

所以和中国的清明节目的相同，故选D.

(2)B.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Duringthefestivakpeopleweteachotherwithwater

balloonsandwaterguns,thentheythrowcolorpowderononeanother.Therearealsomarching

bands,dancing,fbodanddrink,andmuchlaughter.Agreatnumberofpeopleareinfectedbyits

playfulandchildlikeatmosphere.在节日期间，人们用水气球和水枪互相打湿，然后互相

投掷彩粉，还有游行乐队、舞蹈、吃喝、欢声笑语，许多人被它的嬉戏和童趣所感染；

以及第五段Asabigfoodfight,itispossiblythemostchaotic(混乱的)festival.作为一场盛

大的美食大战，这可能是最混乱的节日。可知，HoliandLaTomatina是混乱而又开心的，

故选B.

(3)A.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Ifyouhappentojointheevent,beawarethatyou

squashthetomatobeforethrowingit.Haveagreattimebutavoidcausinganyinjury.如果你碰

巧参加了这个活动，要注意在扔西红柿之前先把西红柿压扁。玩得开心，但要避免造成

任何伤害。可知，西红柿大战是非常疯狂的，故选A.

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要讲述r三个不同国家的三个节日，通过节日介绍增加

读者对世界文化的了解。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

4.【答案】

【小题1)B【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】B

【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段中的

"Theystartedthinkingaboutentertainingactivitiestohavefun.Finallyjheydecidedtojoinin

thewritingcompetitionsuggestedbyLordByron：

Everyoneshouldwriteacreepyghoststoryandshareitwithothers,andthewriterofthecree

piestonewouldwin.Duringthecompetition,18-year-oldMaryShelleycameupwiththeidea

ofanuglymonstercreatedfromhumanbodyparts.Twoyearslater,shepublishedherfirstnov

el,Frankenstein.他们开始考虑娱乐活动来获得乐趣。最后，他们决定参加拜伦勋爵建议

的写作比赛：每个人都应该写一个令人毛骨悚然的鬼故事，并与他人分享，最令人毛骨

悚然的那个的作者将获胜。在比赛中，18岁的玛丽•雪莱想出了一个用人体器官创造丑

隋怪物的主意。两年后，她出版了她的第一部小说《弗兰肯斯坦》。"可知，弗兰肯斯

坦的故事来自于一个偶然的写作比赛。结合选项A.Hard.困难内:B.Accidenlally.偶然的；

C.Mysteriously.神秘的;D.Amusingly.有趣的。故选B.

（2）D.词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Althoughheisscary,ugly,andviolent,虽然他恐怖、

丑陋、暴力，”可知，弗兰肯斯坦是恐怖、丑陋、暴力的。由此推知第二段每个人应该

写一个"可怕的"鬼故事。结合选项A.Creative.有创意的;B.Interesting.有趣的;C.Strange.

奇怪的;D.Frightening.可怕的。故选D.

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段

"Thebookraisesawarenessofourresponsibilitiestootherpeopleandalsoinspiresustoput

ourselvesinothers'shoes.这本书提高了我们对他人责任的意识，也激励我们设身处地为

他人着想。"可知，这本书不同于其他恐怖小说在于它试图探索的主题。故选A.

（4）B.写作意图题。通篇来看这篇文章讲述了怪物弗兰肯斯坦的诞生背景和《弗兰行

斯坦》这本廿的意义，所以主要目的应该是推荐这本旧。故选B.

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了怪物弗兰肯斯坦的诞生背景和《弗兰肯斯坦》的意义。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】D

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［解析］(DC.细节理解题。根据第二段Itwouldbegreatifclothingcouldbeusedto

completelypreventpeoplefromgettingbitten.Researcherstestedgraphene(石墨烯)，a

materialthatisincrediblythinbutreallystrong,inordertofindoutifitcanmakeclothing

resislantlomosquitoes.如果衣服能完全防止人们被咬，那就太好了。研究人员测试了石

墨烯，一种非常薄但非常结实的材料，以确定它是否能使衣服抵抗蚊子。可知，研究者

做这个实验的目的是测试石墨烯预防蚊虫叮咬的有效性，故选C.

(2)C.推理判断题o根据最后一段Besides,waterorsweatcanruinthegraphenelayer,which

allowsmosquiloeslobileIhrcughil.此外，水或汗水会破坏石黑烯层，让蚊子咬穿它。因

此，水或汗水会使得石黑烯失效，故选C.

(3)C.推理判断题。根据最后一段AsaresultJhenumberofmosquitobitesonnakedskin

wasthehighest,about16onaverage；skinonlyprotectedbycheeseclothgotthe

second,approximately10perfiveminutes'exposure.结果，蚊子叮咬裸露皮肤的次数最多，

平均约16次；只有粗棉布保护的皮肤得到第二，大约每5分钟10次；Themosquitoes

landedonskintotallyuncoveredorcoveredincheeseclothabout23timesonaverage,and

stayedforonetotwominutes.这些蚊子平均有23次降落在没有遮盖的皮肤上，或者被纱

布覆盖，停留1到2分钟。可知，研究者们通过比较数据得出结论的，故选C.

(4)D.推理判断题。根据第二段IIwouldbegreatifclothingcouldbeusedtocompletely

preventpeoplefromgettingbitten.如果衣服能被用来完全防止人们被叮咬，那就太好了；

最后一■段Butfortunately.thenumberofmosquitobitesineitherdryorwetconditionscanbe

loweredaslongasthegraphenematerialisimprovedtoacertainextent但幸运的是，只要石

墨烯材料在一定程度上得到改善，无论是干燥还是潮湿条件下，蚊子叮咬的次数都可以

降低。可知，本文通过先提出假设再得出结论的方式来介绍本文内容的，故选D.

这是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述科学家们通过研究发现石墨烯制成的衣服在应对蚊虫叮

咬方面有一定的效果。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C［小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】D

（解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句"Knowingthatlotsofbeacheswere

pollutedbyplasticwastesjheteamconductedacarefulscientilcexaminationonthecoast,only

tofindtheproblemcausedbypiecesoftrashhumansleftwasworsethanexpected.（知道彳艮

多海滩被塑料废物污染，研究小组在海岸上进行了仔细的检查，只发现了人类留下的垃

圾产生的问题比预期更为严重。）“可知，科科斯群岛的塑料污染并不是个例而是普遍

现象。因此介绍科科斯群岛的目的是引I出塑料污染的主题。故选C项。

（2）C.词句猜测题。划线部分"Nomatterhowtallthehurlles（栏架）are.somethinghasto

bedone.”的本意是：无论障碍有多高，都必须做一些事情。杈据文章第四段第一句”

requires（hegreatesteffortofalltimetocontrolplasticpollutioninmodernsociety.（在现彳弋

社会，控制塑料污染需要付出有史以来最大的努力。）"可知，治理塑料污染需要付出

很大的努力。因此结合上文可知，文中要表示无论治理塑料污染的难度有多大，都必须

行动起来。故选C项。

（3）D.观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句...obviouslyisn'tpayingenoughattention

tocallingforinternationalactiononplasticpollution.（显然，联合国对于呼吁国际社会对

塑料污染采取行动没有给予足够的重视。）"可知，notpayenoughaneniion....意为：没

有给予足够的关注。因此unconcerned符合文意。A.Unconcerned漠不关心的:B.Opiimislic

乐观的：C.Enihusiastic热情的;D.Cautious谨慎的。故选D项。

<4）D.标题归纳题。本文通过介绍旅游胜地科科斯群岛的海滩被废弃的塑料垃圾填满

的事件引出文章要说明的废弃塑料的污染治理问题。作者认为要不遗余力的治理废弃塑

料的污染问题，但是需要全社会的参与。批评了联合国对此问题不重视的态度，同时指

出废弃塑料污染对人类健康的影响。选项A."ThebeautifulCocosIslands（美丽的科科

斯群岛）”是引题用的具体事例。文章中心是围绕塑料污染而不是岛上的风景。选项

B."PlasticpollutiononCocosIslands（科科斯群岛的塑料污染。）”是引题用的具体事

例，不能全面的描述文章的大意。选项CJScientifcresearchonplastics（关于塑料的科

学实验）”是文中提及的一个实验，比较片面。选项D.Thcproblemscausedbydisposable

plastics（一次性塑料造成的问题。）可以概括全文。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。通过介绍旅游胜地科科斯群岛的海滩被废弃的塑料垃圾填满的事件引

出文章要说明的废弃塑料的污染治理问题。作者认为要不遗余力的治理废弃塑料的污染

问题，但是需要全社会的参与。批评了联合国对此问题不重视的态度，同时指出废弃塑

第14页，共21页

料污染对人类健康的影响。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息、，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与